"Roadmap" to IPv6 A Case of Japan The 1st GLOBAL IPv6 Summit in AP February 2003 AOKI, Eiji Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunications.

"Roadmap" to IPv6

A Case of Japan

The 1st GLOBAL IPv6 Summit in APFebruary 2003

AOKI, Eiji

Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunications

What is IPv6?

A next-generation version of IP (Internet Protocol), a basic Internet protocol, in which the number of IP addresses (numbers to identify terminals) is greatly increased.

The current version of IP is version 4.232 IP addresses (=approximately 4.3 billion)

Number corresponding to Number corresponding to one bucket full of sand.one bucket full of sand.

The next-generation of IP is version 62128 IP addresses

Number corresponding to a Number corresponding to a mass of sand covering the mass of sand covering the

whole world.whole world.

What is an IP address?Telephone number (telephone)⇔ IP address (Internet)

Telephone number03-0000-0000

Dial

03-0000-0000

03-####-####Telephone Telephone

networknetwork

InternetInternet

Data ×

IP headerIP address Data

IP header

×IP address

IP address ： XIP address ： Y

From IPv4 to IPv6IPvIPv４４

IPvIPv６６

Making terminals compatible with IPv6

Making terminals compatible with IPv6

Making routers compatible with IPv6

Making routers compatible with IPv6

Making applications compatible with IPv6

Making applications compatible with IPv6

Providing IPv6 servicesProviding IPv6 services

ISPISP

ISPISP

端末 ルータ

サーバ アプリケーション

IPvIPv６６

The world of IPv6

DRINKDRINK

Mobile telephone

Image Server

Music

Data car

Map information

Vending machines

Data-compatible home appliances

Broadcasting

Settlement

\ \

\\

IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6)

Terminal

ApplicationServer

Router

1. Dramatic expansion in the address space1. Dramatic expansion in the address space

3. Ability to Set IP Addresses Automatically (Plug-and-Play)– Includes functionality whereby devices can automatically obtain IP addresses merely by being

connected to the network.

3. Ability to Set IP Addresses Automatically (Plug-and-Play)– Includes functionality whereby devices can automatically obtain IP addresses merely by being

connected to the network.

4. Realizes Transmission of Real-time Data such as Voice and Image Data (QoS: Quality of Service)

– Enables quality of communication service to be guaranteed by placing low priority on data communications etc. that can tolerate delay and high priority on voice and image data that cannot tolerate delay.

4. Realizes Transmission of Real-time Data such as Voice and Image Data (QoS: Quality of Service)

– Enables quality of communication service to be guaranteed by placing low priority on data communications etc. that can tolerate delay and high priority on voice and image data that cannot tolerate delay.

2. Standard Support for Security Functions (IPsec: IP Security)– It will become possible to authenticate users and encrypt data when transferring IP packets.

2. Standard Support for Security Functions (IPsec: IP Security)– It will become possible to authenticate users and encrypt data when transferring IP packets.

Additional Functionality in Moving from IPv4 to IPv6

– IPv4 address space 232 = 4,294,967,296

IPv6 address space 2128 = 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456– As the world’s population is about 6 billion, this equals 57,000 x 1 trillion x 1 trillion per person.– If evenly placed across the earth’s land surface, there would be 220 million x 1 trillion per 1cm2

Networking of non-PC devices(IP addresses can be allocated to a variety of emerging devices, such as mobile

telephones, home appliances, games and automobiles etc.)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

End of 2000End of 2001End of 2002End of 2003End of 2004End of 2005End of 2006End of 2007

Best scenario : Increase at 30% per year

Medium scenario : Increase at 50% per year

Worst scenario : Increase at 80% per year

Consumption of IPv4 addresses : billion

4.3

Source: ICANN web site

Number of IPv4 addresses (about 4.3 billion)

Depletion of World IPv4 addressesDepletion of World IPv4 addresses

Changes in the total number of subscribers to high-Changes in the total number of subscribers to high-speed and ultra-high-speed Internet services in Japanspeed and ultra-high-speed Internet services in Japan

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

99-3 99-6 99-9 99-12 00-3 00-6 00-9 00-12 01-3 01-6 01-9 01-12 02-3 02-6 02-9 02-12

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000

180,000

200,000

220,000

00-9 00-12 01-3 01-6 01-9 01-12 02-3 02-6 02-9 02-12

Optical Fiber（ for general users ）○Subscribers ： 206,189○Operators ： 10(End-Dec. 2002)

Wireless○Subscribers ： Approx.30,000○Operators ： 23(End-Dec. 2002)

DSL○Subscribers ： 5,645,728

(End-Dec.2002)○Operators ： 47

(End-Jun. 2002)

DSL○Subscribers ： 5,645,728

(End-Dec.2002)○Operators ： 47

(End-Jun. 2002)

Cable Internet○Subscribers ： Approx. 1,954,000○Operators ： 277

(End-Dec. 2002)

Cable Internet○Subscribers ： Approx. 1,954,000○Operators ： 277

(End-Dec. 2002)

00-12 01-03 01-06 01-09 01-12 02-03 02-06 02-09 02-12

FTTH 500 1400 3500 9,300 26,400 68,600114,608206,189

Wireless 450 900 1,100 2,400 4,200 8,000 18,500 25,000 30,000

30,000Approx.

1,954,000

5,645,728

99-03 99-06 99-09 99-12 00-03 00-06 00-09 00-12 01-03 01-06 01-09 01-12 02-03 02-06 02-09 02-12

DSL 211 1,235 2,537 9,723 70,655 291,333 650,796 1,524,348 2,378,795 3,300,926 4,233,216 5,645,728

CATV 32,000 66,000 92,000 154,000 216,000 329,000 463,000 625,000 784,000 967,000 1,151,000 1,303,000 1,456,000 1,626,000 1,800,000 1,954,000

206,189

Realization of an environment in which all devices are interconnected and users can receive the services they want regardless of their location.

Image of how IPv6 Can be Utilized

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IPv6

Variety of content

Get the information you want while on the move (news, music, movies, games etc.)

Same Internet access as the

home and office

environment

Remote diagnostics for

home appliances etc.

Offices, schools etc.

Public space

Data distribution management center

Home

bubble

Steam

Ding

Gahoo

Transportation systemWireless LAN

base station

Wireless LAN base station

IPv6 Internet

IPv6 in Governmental Policy - Japan

Promote the shift to the Internet networks equipped with IPv6 that provides enough address space and stricter protection of privacy and network security, anticipating that various Internet access devices and digital home appliances will become popular and constantly connected to the Internet.

e-Japan Strategy (January 22, 2001)

This approach is also presented in “e-Japan Priority Policy Program” (March 2001) and other policy initiatives thereafter.

General Policy Speech by then Prime Minister Yoshiro Mori to the 150th Session of the Diet (September 21, 2000)

Expressed the determination to contribute to the development of the Internet by participating in tackling global Internet issues with such tools as IPv6.

Roadmap showing a path to IPv6

from:Second Interim Report of the Telecommunications

Council on the “Internet Policy Direction in the 21st Century”(August 7, 2002)

Current status- Basic R&D was completed.- Taking a look at international R&D trends, many countries have geared up.- The current IPv6 is still at an initial stage for practical operations before the full-scale introduction phase. It bears a similarity to the status of IPv4 a decade ago.- In the years ahead, as the existing IPv4-based infrastructure become compatible with IPv6, IPv6 will be deployed at an introductory stage for fields newly introducing the Internet.

Roadmap showing a path toward transition- 2002 - approximately 2003: IPv6 initial phase. IPv6-ready products are to be increased.- Approximately 2004 - approximately 2006: IPv6 full-scale introduction phase. The replacement of old systems with IPv6-ready systems will be implemented and IPv6 will be deployed at an introductory stage for fields newly introducing the Internet.- 2007 onwards: further development phase of IPv6. Internet infrastructures will become IPv6-ready in almost all cases, thus practical use of the Internet enjoying the advantages of IPv6 will be diffused.- For facilitating the transition of IPv4 to IPv6, based upon this Roadmap, it is essential for each player to act with a common understanding in coping with challenges below.

Pen

etration

Rate

IPv6 full-scale introduction phase(2004-2006)

IPv6 progressive phase(2007-)

IPv6IPv6 initial phase(2002-2003)

Increase in the number of IPv6-ready products

Increase in IPv6 traffic

Scenarios of the transition to IPv6-based Internet

Replacement of old systems with IPv6-ready systems

Challenges to be tackled by each player (1)- Manufacturers, etc.: It is critical to make their products (network equipment and software) for IPv6 at an early stage. Then, further enhancement of their products in terms of stability, performance and operability is required.- ISPs: It is vital to provide IPv6 access service at an early stage. To this end, establishment of know-how on IPv6-based network operations and fostering of human resources are needed.- Homes: While an IPv6-ready outlook will take hold among residential consumers along with replacement of PCs, it will be matters of importance for manufacturers and ISPs to prepare such solutions as autoconfiguration functions for residential consumers who do not have the necessary expertise.

Challenges to be tackled by each player (2)- Corporate users, etc.: When updating computer systems, there is a need to introduce IPv6-ready systems considering the lifetime thereof. For that purpose, first of all, system divisions and system integrators of each corporate user are required to clearly understand IPv6.- New fields: Fields in which the Internet will be introduced anew, it is essential to employ IPv6- ready products at an introductory stage.- Government: Its status as an Internet user is the same as corporate users. It is indispensable for the government as a facilitator, who prepare an environment suitable for Internet infrastructures, to take necessary measures for implementing verification experiments on the transitional model.

IPv6 initial phase (2002~2003)

IPv6 initial phase (2002~2003)

Hom

es

Enhancement of user support

IPv6-ready OSIPv6-ready routers and switching hubs

IPv6-readiness check of existing products

All products to be IPv6-ready

Other network products ready for IPv6

IPv6-enabled applicationsIPv6-ready PDAs, mobile and wireless products

Improvement of stability

Verification of interconnectivity

large-scale ISPsExperimental serviceTunnel/native service

Dual stack serviceMeasures of ADSL service providers, etcMedium- and small-

scale ISPs

Dual stack service

Man

ufactu

rers, etc.IS

Ps

Deployment of new services utilizing IPv6Establishment of know-how on IPv6-based

network operations and fostering of human resources

IPv6-ready PCs

IPv6-ready home networks

Deployment of consumer electronics/games over IPv6

Upon purchase, check IPv6-readiness of products

IPv6 progressive phase (2007~)

IPv6 full-scale introduction phase

(2004~2006)IPv6 initial phase

(2002~2003)

IPv6 initial phase (2002~2003)

International collaboration

Human resources development of SIs

Review at systems divisions

Employment of IPv6-ready products at leading companiesUpon replacement of systems,

employment of IPv6-ready products at ordinary companies

Deployment of new products/services utilizing IPv6

Diffusion of non-PC equipment

Review at systems divisionsEmployment of IPv6-ready products at leading departments/bureaus

Upon replacement of systems, employment of IPv6-ready products

Deployment of administrative services utilizing IPv6Implementation of

model verification experiments

Tax incentives

Human resources development

Study on transitional schedules, continuous review of the roadmap

Preparation of statistics on IPv6

Japan-EU joint projects

Japan-China/Japan-Korea joint projects

Worldwide distribution of know-how on the transition established by Japan

Governm

entN

ew fields

Com

panies, etc.

IPv6 full-scale introduction phase

(2004~2006)

Business deployment utilizing IPv6

IPv6 progressive phase (2007~)

Business deployment utilizing IPv6

Roadmap for transition to IPv6-based Internet

Experimental service

Server which supports both IPv4 andIPv6

Local Government

Enterprises server

FirewallFirewall

IPv4 terminal

IPv4 terminal IPv4 terminal

IPv4 terminalIPv4 InternetIPv4 Internet

Transition Model Network

Promotion of the transition to IPv6 Internet

Home Users

IPv4 terminal

Aiming at becoming the most advanced IT nation in the world status, we conduct demonstration experiments to realize a smooth transition of the whole Internet infrastructure from IPv4 to IPv6. Through this experiments, we seek solutions to network operational problems, while developing transition models.

Aiming at becoming the most advanced IT nation in the world status, we conduct demonstration experiments to realize a smooth transition of the whole Internet infrastructure from IPv4 to IPv6. Through this experiments, we seek solutions to network operational problems, while developing transition models.

○ Select a model area which consists of a local government, enterprises and home users, etc. and conduct demonstration experiments 　　 from 2003 targeting a transition of the whole Internet infrastructure from IPv4 to IPv6.

○ While seeking solutions to network operational problem, develop the optimal model for a smooth transition to IPv6, without 　　　　　　 adversely affecting IPv4 based services.

○ In order to promote the transition to IPv6 world wide, we will distribute IPv6 transition know-how to the rest of the world by 　　　　　　releasing the results of the demonstration experiments, standardizing activities in international organizations, etc.

Expense Account ：Budgetary request for fiscal year 2003 is about 　 18,000,000 U.S. dollars.

Expense Account ：Budgetary request for fiscal year 2003 is about 　 18,000,000 U.S. dollars.

IPv4 terminal IPv6 terminalIPv6 terminal

IPv6 terminal

IPv4 terminal

SimultaneousOperation of IPv4 and IPv6

serverRouter which supports both IPv4 andIPv6

Router which supports both IPv4 andIPv6

Newly Established IPv6-facilitating Tax SystemNewly Established IPv6-facilitating Tax System( Expansion of the Tax System to Promote the Next Generation Telecommunication Networks )( Expansion of the Tax System to Promote the Next Generation Telecommunication Networks )

Eligible facilities Tax incentive measure

National tax(Corporate tax)

IPv6-ready Routers Tax credit 12%or Special depreciation 50%

Local tax(Fixed property tax)

IPv6-ready Routers within the carriers’ network

Reduction of the standard of assessment 5 years after acquisition reduced to 3/4

Tax Incentives

Beneficiaries Loan limit by proportion to total cost Interests

Third Sectors(Applicable only when the share of the National Government or local government in the third sector is 25% or more)

- In the Built-up Areas of the National Capital Region and the Kinki Region, and within the boundary of the former Nagoya City 25 %

- In the Suburban Development and Redevelopment Areas of the National Capital Region and Kinki Region, and in the Urban Improvement Area of the Chubu Region (except former Nagoya City) 37.5%

- Other areas 50 %

No interest

Private carriers 3/4 of the rates of existing special financing systems

# Beneficiaries :

National tax: Individuals and corporations filing a blue return

Local tax: Telecommunications carriers (including ISPs) who have obtained authorization of Advanced Telecommunications Facilities Development Plans under Provisional Measures for Telecommunications Infrastructure, and newly acquire IPv6-ready Routers in line with the authorized plans

# Object : IPv6-ready Routers

No-Interest / Low-Interest Loan Systems

IPv6 Promotion Council of JapanIPv6 Promotion Council of Japan

Project Leader : Dr. MURAI Jun, Professor of Keio University

Supreme advisor : Mr. FUJII Yoshihiro, Senior Counselor, Hitachi Zosen Corp.

Members : Telecommunications Carriers, apparatus makers, user enterprises, etc.

Total : 262 (as of May 31, 2002)

Activities of IPv6 Promotion Council : 1. Demonstration Experiments and Technical Evaluation

a) Construction of IPv6 Experiment Network and Operation of demonstration experiments participated by corporate and individual users

b) Technical Evaluation and Authorization

- Interoperability examination of IPv6 equipment through above demonstration experiments and issuing logo mark to products

2. Stimulating Address Transfer

- Formulation of strategies to accommodate transfer from IPv4 to IPv6 by preparing proposals of policies to Government

- To handle and control of IPv4 addresses conditioned on IPv6 transfer within time limit

3. Standardizing Activities

- Consideration of standardization for applications and services utilizing IPv6, and cooperation with foreign standardization organizations

4. Development of Human Resources

- Fostering human resources involved in above activities, and award contributors

etc.

Project Leader : Dr. MURAI Jun, Professor of Keio University

Supreme advisor : Mr. FUJII Yoshihiro, Senior Counselor, Hitachi Zosen Corp.

Members : Telecommunications Carriers, apparatus makers, user enterprises, etc.

Total : 262 (as of May 31, 2002)

Activities of IPv6 Promotion Council : 1. Demonstration Experiments and Technical Evaluation

a) Construction of IPv6 Experiment Network and Operation of demonstration experiments participated by corporate and individual users

b) Technical Evaluation and Authorization

- Interoperability examination of IPv6 equipment through above demonstration experiments and issuing logo mark to products

2. Stimulating Address Transfer

- Formulation of strategies to accommodate transfer from IPv4 to IPv6 by preparing proposals of policies to Government

- To handle and control of IPv4 addresses conditioned on IPv6 transfer within time limit

3. Standardizing Activities

- Consideration of standardization for applications and services utilizing IPv6, and cooperation with foreign standardization organizations

4. Development of Human Resources

- Fostering human resources involved in above activities, and award contributors

etc.

International trends for IPv6

Transition to IPv6 has recently increased importance worldwide. The European and Asia-

Pacific regions in particular are actively engaged in formulating national strategies and

implementing various projects.

17 R&D until 2004. Expenditure by the Commission beyond Euro64mil.

[Korea]The Government leads various IPv6 projects.In February 2001 the Government an announced official statement to give a boost to the introduction of IPv6. 46.8 billion Won government budget is earmarked until 2003.

[China]I view of the increase in the number of the Internet users, the Government is engaged in introduction of IPv6 as national strategy.

[Taiwan]The Governments task force "National Information & Communication Initiative"plays a central role in promoting the transition to IPv6."IP v6 Diffusion Plan"(October 2001)"E-Taiwan Plan" (May 2002)

"eEurope 2002"(March 2000) expressed intention to move toward full conversion to IPv6. "EU IPv6 Task Force," launched April 2001, released reports on the IPv6 2005 Roadmap Recommendations in January 2002."eEurope 2005" ( May 2002) proclaims active use of IPv6.

EuropeEurope AsiaAsia

"ESnet" (research institute under the US Department of Energy) ---- operation projects"DREN" (experimental network of DoD) ---- v6 procurement equipment

USAUSA

Conclusion

- Transition toward IPv6 is a "must."- Sooner or later it will be realised. But transition without affecting the existing Internet requires more prudence.- Education and training of engineers is vital. - Those parties commercially involved in the Internet should act bearing IPv6 in mind, to become IPv6- ready.- Governments should act as both users/advocates.- Front runners including Japan should present their transitional models to other countries, and further contribute to worldwide deployment of IPv6.