ROAD TO THE REVOLUTION PEOPLEBRITISH POLICIES Colonial Responses EVENTS.

ROAD TO THE REVOLUTION

PEOPLE BRITISH POLICIES

Colonial Responses

EVENTS

ROAD TO THE REVOLUTION

PEOPLEBRITISH

POLICIES

Colonial Responses

EVENTS

John LockeBen FranklinThomas PainePatrick HenryJohn Adams

Proclamation of 1763Sugar Act

Quartering ActStamp Act

Townshend ActsWrits of Assistance

Tea ActIntolerable Acts

“The Change” influenceFrench and Indian War

Boston MassacreBoston Tea Party

PropagandaBoycott

Sons of LibertyDaughters of Liberty

Committee of Correspondence1st and 2nd Continental Congress

1. Action:

1.Reaction:

Britain has let the colonists basically live and operate the colonies how they want – have pretty much left the colonies alone

Colonies have formed their own governments, written their own constitutions, built their own economy, and lived how they want to live

2. Action:The Treaty of Paris more than doubled the size of the Britain’s North American empire

2.Reaction:The new land was very expensive to support and defend

3. Action:Colonists begin to move into the Ohio Valley

Native Americans begin to feel threatened and start attacking settlers on the frontier – Pontiac’s Rebellion (1763)

Chief Pontiac

3. Reaction:

4. Reaction:

4. Action:With the Native American attacks, many settlers are being killed

Britain passes the Proclamation of 1763

--Forbid colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains

Britain stations 10,000 troops in the colonies to enforce the Proclamation of 1763

5. Action:

Some colonists believe that the troop and the Proclamation of 1763 will threaten their liberties

5. Reaction:

6. Action:

6. Reaction:

The cost of the French and Indian War and the cost of the troops in North America is putting Britain in HUGE debt

King George and Parliament decide to make the colonists help pay off the debt

That decision will lead to numerous problems between the colonists and Britain – the

ultimate problem will be the Revolutionary War in 1776

7. Action:

7. Reaction:

--Although some taxes are already normally being collected, Colonial smugglers continue to smuggle goods and refuse to

pay the taxes

--If smugglers went to court, colonial juries often found smugglers innocent

--Sugar Act of 1764-- a lower tax on British

molasses

sugar and

--colonists suspected of smuggling would not have the right to a jury trial – would only face a British judge

8. Action:To help provide for the soldiers in America -- Britain passes the Quartering Act (1765)

--If soldiers were stationed in your colony – you were responsible to help pay to

house

and

feed British soldiers

8. Reaction:

--Convinced some colonists that something needed to be done

9. Action: Stamp Act (1765)

--placed a tax on almost all printed material in the colonies (shipping documents, newspapers, legal documents, playing cards)

--ALL printed material had to have a stamp – you bought the item then paid for a tax stamp to be applied by a British official

IT taxed everyday products inside the colonies and EFFECTED ALMOST EVERY COLONIST!!!

9. Reactions:

1. Virginia Resolves -- Meeting of the Virginia government (House of Burgesses) that decided that only Virginia government can place taxes on the Virginia colonists

Patrick Henry--Fiery leader from Virginia

2. Sons of Liberty was started (a somewhat violent protest group)

--started by Samuel Adams

--burned effigies (rag figures representing unpopular people), raided the homes of British officials, protested in the street

NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!!!!!!!!!

10. Reaction:

Stamp Act Congress (1765)10. Action: --meeting in NYC to discuss what to do about the Stamp Act

Drafted a petition to the king and Parliament (Britain’s Gov.)

--colonies could not be taxed except by their own governments

--Recognize our rights as British citizens – let us have a representative in Parliament – treat us equally

--decided to boycott (refusal to buy) British goods

11. Action:

Colonists from all 13 colonies boycotted (refusal to buy) all imported British goods

11. Reaction:

British merchants lost so much money that Parliament decided to repeal (cancel) the Stamp Act

With the repeal of the Stamp Act, the colonists have won one battle, but problems have just begun.

STAMP ACT

12. Action:

12. Reaction:

--Parliament passed the Townshend Acts (1767) – this was a tax on imported goods

--Brought back the boycott and women formed the Daughters of Liberty – encouraged people to use only American goods

paper glasspaint TEA

Put a tax on:

BELL WORK – 9/16/14

1. Prepare for your assessment.

2. Clear everything off your desk except for a pen or

a pencil.

13. Action:

13. Reaction:

In order to better help British officials catch smugglers – Britain allows the use of Writs of Assistance (1767)

--blank search warrants

British officials could now search ANYWHERE and ANYTIME for smuggled goods

14. Action:March 5, 1770, Boston, Massachusetts

--Fight breaks out between British soldiers and townspeople

--People start to throw stones, oyster shells, pieces of wood, and snowballs

--Crowd got closer to the customshouse – sentry panicked and called for help

--Soldiers became nervous and confused

--Crowd became large, a soldier was knocked down AND

14. Reaction:British soldiers fire into the crowd – killing 5

--The event became known as the BOSTON MASSACRE

“Are the inhabitants to be knocked down in

the street? Are they to be MURDERED in this manner?”

--Leaders used news of the event as propaganda (ideas or info. designed to spread and influence opinion)

15. Action:Britain tries to improve relations with the colonists

15. Reaction:

Britain repeals all the Townshend Acts EXCEPT for the tax on tea

16. Action:Samuel Adams organized the Committees of Correspondence

16. Reaction:

--The committees were a network of passing along news throughout the colonies

-- the colonies became more united and updated on British actions in the colonies

17. Action:Britain passes the Tea Act (1773) – actually lowered the tax on

tea, BUT required colonists to buy it from the British East India Tea Company

17. Reaction:

BOSTON TEA PARTY

-- Sons of Liberty dressed as Native

Americans, boarded 3 ships and dumped 342 chests of tea into the

Boston Harbor

--worth

$1,000,000

18. Action:

18. Reaction:

Britain passes the Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts, spring 1774) to punish Massachusetts/Boston for their little party

1. Closed the port of Boston until the tea was paid for

2. British officials accused of a crime can now be tried in Britain

3. Took away Massachusetts government

4. British troops can now live in colonial homes

The colonies united and sent clothes, food, and supplies to Massachusetts to show their support

19. Action:

--55 delegates / 12 colonies (except Georgia)

--purpose was to figure out what to do about Britain

--Continental Congress – September, 1774

John Adams

19. Reaction:

The First Continental Congress decided on a few issues

1. Sent a letter to the king – repeal all the acts because WE WILL NOT GIVE UP OUR NATURAL RIGHTS!!!!!

2. A 13 colony ban on all trade with Britain

3. Agreed that Massachusetts needed to form militias (volunteer army)

4. Agreed to meet again in May 1775 if things were not better

April 18, 1775

--British troops from Boston have been sent out to Concord

-- MISSION: seize and destroy all weapons of mass destruction that the militia has been storing / arrest Samuel Adams and John Hancock for smuggling

--Learning of the troop movements – Paul Revere, William Dawes, and Samuel Prescott rode through the colony warning that the British are coming

20. Action:

April 19, 1775 -- Battle of Lexington

--The 1000 redcoats reached Lexington at dawn – waiting for them were about 60 militia and minutemen (militia who could be ready to fight in a minutes notice)

“Stand your ground, don’t fire unless fired upon – but if they mean to have a war, let it begin here”

American Captain John Parker

Disperse you rebels!!!! Throw down your arms!!!!

--Somebody fired a shot

--when the fighting was over – 8 minutemen were dead

20. Reaction:

April 19, 1775 -- Battle of Concord --British troops entered Concord, but found that most of the weapons

had been moved

--On the way back to Boston the troops ran into 400 militia who caused the British to run back to Boston

The Concord HymnRalph Waldo Emerson (1837)

By the rude bridge that arched the flood,     Their flag to April's breeze unfurled;Here once the embattled farmers stood;     And fired the shot heard round the

world.

--Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote that at the Battle of Lexington and Concord, the Americans had fired “the shot heard round the world”

20. Reaction:

Colonial delegates met again

in May 1775 in Philadelphia --

Second Continental Congress

John AdamsSamuel Adams

George WashingtonBen Franklin John Hancock

Thomas Jefferson

Patrick Henry

Richard Henry Lee

21. Action:

Decisions of the Second Continental Congress--Congress began to govern the colonies as a whole--print their own money

--set up a post office

--create the Continental Army --put George Washington in charge

--sent the Olive Branch Petition

--asked for peace--please honor our natural rights

(King George III refused to listen)

--Ben Franklin is in charge

--formed committee to communicate with Native Americans and other countries

21. Reaction:

--write a Declaration of Independence --chose T. Jefferson to write it

Thomas Paine

--In January 1776, Thomas Paine writes a pamphlet -- Common Sense

--Encouraged Americans to use common sense and become independent from Britain

America had two different groups of people:

colonists who remained loyal to Britain (those who did not believe in war, those who worked for or traded with Britain, and those who did not see what all the fuss was about)

colonists who were determined to fight Britain until independence was won

--Loyalists–

--Patriots--