RMAN best practices for Real Application Clusters (RAC) Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 1
May 24, 2015
RMAN best practices for
Real Application Clusters (RAC)
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 1
Know your presenter
Syed Jaffer HussainDatabase Support Manager
20 years IT experience11+ years as an Oracle DBA
Oracle ACE DirectorOracle 10g Certified Master(OCM)
Oracle 10g RAC Certified ExpertOracle Certified Professional(OCP) v8i,9i,10g & 11g
ITIL v3 Foundation CertifiedAuthored Oracle 11g R1/R2 Real Application Clusters
EssentialsTwitter: @sjaffarhussain
http://jaffardba.blogspot.com
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 2
Managing backup and recovery operations in RMAN for RAC and non-RAC databases
are nearly identical ….
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 3
What will be covered
• RAC Vs RMAN – why and when.• RMAN overview.• Multi-channel configuration • Parallel recovery in RAC database.• Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC.• Fast Recovery Area (FRA) for RAC database.• Snapshot Controlfile backup for RAC db in 11gR2.• Manage backup & recovery with Oracle Grid Control /EM.
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 4
RAC Vs RMAN – why and when
Real Application Clusters (RAC)
• High Availability(HA)• Failover.
• Scalability• Load balancing.
• It doesn’t safeguard your data from hardware failures or from any disasters.
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 5
Recovery Manager (RMAN)
• A command-line and EM tool.
• Best used for all sort of database backup & recovery operations.
• It doesn’t provide high availability
What will be covered
• RAC Vs RMAN – why and when.• RMAN overview.• Multi-channel configuration. • Parallel recovery in RAC database.• Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC.• Fast Recovery Area (FRA) for RAC database.• Snapshot Controlfile backup for RAC db in 11gR2.• Manage backup & recovery using Enterprise Manager(EM).
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 6
RMAN overviewRecovery Manager
• Was first commercially introduced with Oracle v8.• A command-line and EM based tool.• Comes for absolutely free of cost, installed and
configured by default.• Intended for:
o Online/Offline backup and restore procedures.o Can back up Database, Tablespace, Datafile, and
Archived logs.• Supports incremental, fast incremental,
compressed & encrypted backups.• Detects [ALSO can repair ] data block corruptions.• Must required to backup datafiles configured on
Automatic Storage Management (ASM).• Can validate (test) backup without actually restoring.
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 7
Courtesy from Oracle docs.
What will be covered
• RAC Vs RMAN – why and when.• RMAN overview.• Configure multiple channels. • Parallel recovery in RAC database.• Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC.• Fast Recovery Area (FRA) for RAC database.• Snapshot Controlfile backup for RAC db in 11gR2.• Manage backup & recovery with Oracle Grid Control /EM.
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 8
Configure multiple channelsMultiple channel configuration for RAC db instances
• Scale up the back up load on to multiple instances of RAC database by configuring multiple channels.
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 9
RMAN>
Channel 1
Channel 2
RACDB
RACDB1
RACDB2
Configure multiple channelsWorking examples
One time configuration in RMAN
RMAN> CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE disk/tape PARALLELISM 2;RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL ch1 CONNECT ‘sys/password@tns_inst1’;RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL ch2 CONNECT ‘sys/password@tns_inst2’;
One time configuration with service name
RMAN> CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE disk/tape PARALLELISM 2;RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL ch1 CONNECT ‘sys/password@service_name’;
Run time configuration
RUN {ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch1 CONNECT ‘sys/password@tns_inst1’;ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch2 CONNECT ‘sys/password@tns_inst2’;
backup database …;RELEASE CHANNEL ch1;RELEASE CHANNEL ch2;}
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 10
Ensue LOAD_BALANCEturned onno TOTAF (failover)
What will be covered
• RAC Vs RMAN – why and when.• RMAN overview.• Configure multiple channels. • Parallel recovery in RAC database.• Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC.• Fast Recovery Area (FRA) for RAC database.• Snapshot Controlfile backup for RAC db in 11gR2.• Manage backup & recovery with Oracle Grid Control /EM.
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 11
Parallel recovery in RAC
Apply parallelism to faster restore/recovery operations
• Parallelism can be applied for instance, crash and media recovery operations to faster the process.
• During instance/crash recovery, Oracle database automatically applies the optimumdegree of parallelism.
• Based on the CPU count, Oracle sets an optimum number of parallelism while applying archive logs.
• Setting RECOVERY_PARALLELISM initialization parameter value to 0 or 1 disables instance/crash parallelism.
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 12
What will be covered
• RAC Vs RMAN – why and when.• RMAN overview.• Configure multiple channels. • Parallel recovery in RAC database.• Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC.• Fast Recovery Area (FRA) for RAC database.• Snapshot Controlfile backup for RAC db in 11gR2.• Manage backup & recovery with Oracle Grid Control /EM.
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 13
Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 14
o When an instance goes down abruptly for a various reasons, the subsequent instance startup requires the instance recovery.
o No manual intervention is required for instance/crash recovery. Oracle (SMON background process) automatically manages the process by applying online redo information.
o The mechanism of an instance recovery is to ensure the database consistency post instance failure.
Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 15
Instance recovery = one or more [not ALL] instance(s) failure of a RAC database.
Crash recovery = failure of ALL instances of a RAC database.
Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 16
Instance or Crash recovery done in TWO phases for a RAC database.
- Global Enqueue Service (LMS) background process
- System Monitor (SMON) background process
Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 17
Instance 1
SMON PMON LGWR CKPT ARCn
Redo LogsArchive logs
Instance 2
SMON PMON LGWR CKPT ARCn
Redo LogsArchive logs
RAC DB
Instance recovery of RAC database
Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 18
Instance 1
SMON PMON LGWR CKPT ARCn
Redo LogsArchive logs
Instance B
SMON PMON LGWR CKPT ARCn
Redo LogsArchive logs
RAC DB
Instance recovery of RAC database
down
Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 19
Instance 1
SMON PMON LGWR CKPT ARCn
Redo LogsArchive logs
Instance B
SMON PMON LGWR CKPT ARCn
Redo LogsArchive logs
RAC DB
Instance recovery of RAC database
up
Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 20
Instance 1
PMON LGWR CKPT ARCn
Redo LogsArchive logs
Instance B
SMON PMON LGWR CKPT ARCn
Redo LogsArchive logs
RAC DB
Instance recovery of RAC database
up
LMS
SMON
GRD recovery
Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 21
Instance A
SMON PMON LGWR CKPT ARCn
Redo LogsArchive logs
Instance B
SMON PMON LGWR CKPT ARCn
Redo LogsArchive logs
RAC DB
Instance recovery of RAC database
LMS GRD recovery
Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 22
Instance A
SMON PMON LGWR CKPT ARCn
Redo LogsArchive logs
Instance B
SMON PMON LGWR CKPT ARCn
Redo LogsArchive logs
RAC DB
Instance recovery of RAC database
GRD recovery
LMS
Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 23
RAC DB
Crash recovery in a RAC database
Instance 1 Instance 2 Instance 2
Failure of all instances>>
Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 24
RAC DB
Crash recovery in a RAC database
Instance 1 Instance 2 Instance 3
Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 25
RAC DB
Crash recovery in a RAC database
Instance 1 Instance 2 Instance 3
The instance that comes up first performs the instance recovery for all instances of a RAC database
What will be covered
• RAC Vs RMAN – why and when.• RMAN overview.• Configure multiple channels. • Parallel recovery in RAC database.• Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC.• Fast Recovery Area (FRA) for RAC database.• Snapshot Controlfile backup for RAC db in 11gR2.• Manage backup & recovery with Oracle Grid Control /EM.
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 26
Fast Recovery Area(FRA) for RAC
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 27
Instance 1
SMON PMON LGWR CKPT ARCn
Redo LogsArchive logs
Instance 2
SMON PMON LGWR CKPT ARCn
Redo LogsArchive logs
RAC DB
Location destination Location destination
Flash Recovery Area(FRA) for RAC
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 28
Instance 1
SMON PMON LGWR CKPT ARCn
Redo LogsArchive logs
Instance 2
SMON PMON LGWR CKPT ARCn
Redo LogsArchive logs
RAC DB
Read permission
Location destination Location destination
Flash Recovery Area(FRA) for RAC
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 29
Instance 1
1
Redo Logs Archive logs
Instance 2
1 21 2
RAC DB
Fast Recovery Area (FRA)
FRA =ASMCFSShared Location (NFS)
Identified by the thread number
1 22
What will be covered
• RAC Vs RMAN – why and when.• RMAN overview.• Configure multiple channels. • Parallel recovery in RAC database.• Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC.• Fast Recovery Area (FRA) for RAC database.• Snapshot Controlfile backup for RAC db in 11gR2.• Manage backup & recovery with Oracle Grid Control /EM.
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 30
Snapshot Controlfile backup in 11gR2
• Must reside on a shared device in 11gR2 or later.
• All instances must have access to the snapshot controlfile.
• Same snapshot controlfile will be shared by all nodes of RAC db.
RMAN> CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO <shared_location>;This must be done on EACH instance.
ORA-00245: control file backup operation failed
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 31
What will be covered
• RAC Vs RMAN – why and when.• RMAN overview.• Configure multiple channels. • Parallel recovery in RAC database.• Instance Vs Crash recovery in RAC.• Fast Recovery Area (FRA) for RAC database.• Snapshot Controlfile backup for RAC db in 11gR2.• Manage backup & recovery with Oracle Grid Control /EM.
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 32
A big thank you to all
for
listening ...
Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain Slide # 35
You can write me at [email protected]