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In flight landing performance
Presented bySTLL
New tools to assess your landing performance
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AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
OBJECTIVES
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BACKGROUND
1
WHAT IS NEW?2
CONTENTS
WHERE AND WHEN?5
FLYSMART WITH AIRBUS 4
FACTORED LANDING DISTANCE 3
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AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
BACKGROUND
1
WHAT IS NEW?2
CONTENTS
WHERE AND WHEN?5
FLYSMART WITH AIRBUS 4
FACTORED LANDING DISTANCE 3
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BACKGROUND
A third of major accidents of large commercial transport aircraft arerunway excursions
Many involve difficulties for the flight crew to realistically assess thelanding performance
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BACKGROUND
Currently, Actual Landing Distance (ALD) is the reference todetermine in flight landing performance
ALD are defined by regulations and based on flight tests .
Thus, ALD are not representative of daily operations
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BACKGROUND
Following runway excursions, the FAA mandated the TALPA/ARC* to find a strong industry consensus.
The purpose was to elaborate common tools to better assess thein-flight landing performance
* Takeoff and Landing Performance Assessment / Aviation Rulemaking Committee
All users need to share a common performance reference
Dispatchers Airports Pilots
???
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BACKGROUND
Following runway excursions, the FAA mandated the TALPA/ARC* to find a strong industry consensus.
The purpose was to elaborate common tools to better assess thein-flight landing performance
The committee submitted:
- The Runway Condition Assessment Matrix (RCAM)
- Landing distances figures more representative of daily operations
The references to be used for dispatch are unchanged
* Takeoff and Landing Performance Assessment / Aviation Rulemaking Committee
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CONTENTS
The Runway Condition Assessment Matrix (RCAM) New landing performance without failure New landing performance with failure
BACKGROUND 1
WHAT IS NEW?2
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CONTENTS
The Runway Condition Assessment Matrix (RCAM) New landing performance without failure New landing performance with failure
BACKGROUND 1
WHAT IS NEW?2
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WHAT IS NEW? - R unway Condition Assessment Matrix
QUICK REFERENCE HAND BOOK
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WHAT IS NEW? - R unway Condition Assessment Matrix
O P S D A T A
O E B
Runway Condition Assessment Matrixfor LandingIN FLIGHT PERFORMANCE
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WHAT IS NEW? - R unway Condition Assessment Matrix
O P S D A T A
O E B
Runway Condition Assessment Matrixfor Landing
The purpose is to provide all users with an unique reference to share:
- The Runway Condition ,
- The recommended Max imum Crosswind ,- The Reported Braking Action (and associated Code),
- Additional information.
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WHAT IS NEW? - R unway Condition Assessment Matrix
How to use the Runway Condition Assessment Matrix - 1 st example
Use all existing information toassess the landing performance
Runway Condition:2 mm of Slush
With the Runway Condition only:
Use directly the correspondingBraking Action and MaximumCrosswind
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WHAT IS NEW? - R unway Condition Assessment Matrix
How to use the Runway Condition Assessment Matrix - 2 nd example
Use all existing information toassess the landing performance
Runway Condition:Dry
With both the Runway Condition
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WHAT IS NEW? - R unway Condition Assessment Matrix
How to use the Runway Condition Assessment Matrix - 2 nd example
Use all existing information toassess the landing performance
Runway Condition:Dry
Reported Braking Action:Good
With both the Runway Condition and the Braking Action :
Use the MOST CONSERVATIVE Braking Action and associatedMaximum Crosswind
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CONTENTS
The Runway Condition Assessment Matrix (RCAM) New landing performance without failure New landing performance with failure
BACKGROUND 1
WHAT IS NEW?2
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WHAT IS NEW? - L ANDING DISTANCE WITHOUT FAILURE
O P S D A T A
O E B
IN FLIGHT PERFORMANCE
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WHAT IS NEW? - L ANDING DISTANCE WITHOUT FAILURE
O P S D A T A
O E B
LANDING DISTANCE - DRY
LANDING DISTANCE - GOOD
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WHAT IS NEW? - L ANDING DISTANCE WITHOUT FAILURE
O P S D A T A
O E B
LANDING DISTANCE - MEDIUM TO POORLANDING DISTANCE GOOD TO MEDIUM
LANDING DISTANCE - MEDIUM LANDING DISTANCE - POOR
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WHAT IS NEW? - L ANDING DISTANCE WITHOUT FAILURE
Braking Action
Landing Configurations
Braking Modes(Manual or Auto brake)
The REF DIST(Provided at fixed landing weight)
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WHAT IS NEW? - L ANDING DISTANCE WITHOUT FAILURE
The REF DIST considers: Sea Level, ISA, no wind,no slope, no engine reverse thrust, manual landing,
VAPP = VLS
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WHAT IS NEW? - L ANDING DISTANCE WITHOUT FAILURE
Braking Action
Landing Configurations
Braking Modes(Manual or Auto brake)
Additional corrections(Overweight procedure, Autoland)
Corrections(Weight, SPD, ALT, WIND)
The REF DIST(Provided at fixed landing weight)
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WHAT IS NEW? VAPP WITHOUT FAILURE
O P S D A T A
O E B
IN FLIGHT PERFORMANCE
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WHAT IS NEW? VAPP WITHOUT FAILURE
O P S D A T A
O E B
+
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WHAT IS NEW? VAPP WITHOUT FAILURE
O P S D A T A
O E B
Ground Speed increase
No Ground Speed increase
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WHAT IS NEW? VAPP WITHOUT FAILURE
O P S D A T A
O E B
CAUTION
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EXAMPLE WITHOUT FAILURE
Landing data
Aircraft A330 Runway Condition 2 mm of Slush Reported Braking Action Good to Medium Runway Slope 1% UP Wind / OAT 12 kt headwind / - 5C
Airport pressure altitude Sea Level Estimated Landing Weight 170 t Landing configuration CONF FULL A/THR ON A/BRK MED Credit for all thrust reversers
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EXAMPLE WITHOUT FAILURE
Step 1Identify the
Braking Action
Step 3 Calculate the
Landing Distance
Step 2Determine the
VAPP
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EXAMPLE WITHOUT FAILURE
Step 1 - Identify the Braking Action
Runway Condition:2 mm of Slush
Runway Condition: 2 mm of Slush
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EXAMPLE WITHOUT FAILURE
Step 1 - Identify the Braking Action
Runway Condition:2 mm of Slush
Reported Braking Action:Good to Medium
Runway Condition: 2 mm of SlushReported Braking Action: Good to Medium
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EXAMPLE WITHOUT FAILURE
Step 2 - Determine the VAPP
5kt
4kt
VLS (FULL, 170T) = 132kt
APPR COR (A/THR) = 5kt
VAPP = 137kt
SPD = APPR COR = 5kt
Estimated Landing Weight : 170 tLanding configuration: CONF FULLA/THR: ON - Wind / OAT: 12 kt headwind / - 5C
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EXAMPLE WITHOUT FAILURE
REF DIST (190T) = 1980 m
Step 3 - Calculate the Landing Distance
REV correction = - 60 x 2 = - 120 m
WEIGHT correction (170T) = - 70 x 2 = - 140 mSPD correction (SPD = 5kt) = + 100 m
Landing Distance = 1820 mWIND correction (12kt headwind) : NO CORRECTION ALT correction (Sea Level) : NO CORRECTION
TEMP correction ( ISA = -20C) : NO CORRECTION SLOPE correction (1% UP) : NO CORRECTION
From step 1: Good to MediumFrom step 2: VAPP = 137kt and SPD = 5ktCONF FULL, LW = 170T and A/BRK: MED
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EXAMPLE WITHOUT FAILURE - WHAT IF MEL ITEM(S )?
MEL item(s) that impact(s) the landing performance must also betaken into account in-flight.
Landing Distance (with MEL 27-64-01A) = Landing Distance (without failure ) x 1.02
Landing performance computationMultiply the landing distances by 1.02
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CONTENTS
The Runway Condition Assessment Matrix (RCAM) New landing performance without failure New landing performance with failure
BACKGROUND 1
WHAT IS NEW?2
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WHAT IS NEW? - L ANDING DISTANCE WITH FAILURE
O P S D
A T A
O E B
IN FLIGHT PERFORMANCE
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WHAT IS NEW? - L ANDING DISTANCE WITH FAILURE
O P S D
A T A
O E B
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
DRY
GOOD
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WHAT IS NEW? - L ANDING DISTANCE WITH FAILURE
O P S D
A T A
O E B
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMELECTRICAL SYSTEM
MEDIUM TO POOR
POOR
GOOD TO MEDIUM
MEDIUM
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WHAT IS NEW? - L ANDING DISTANCE WITH FAILURE
O P S D
A T A
O E B
DRY
FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM
etc.
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WHAT IS NEW? L ANDING DISTANCE WITH FAILURE
Failure titles
Braking Actions
The REF DIST(Provided at fixed landing weight)
FLAPS lever positionsand VREF
Aircraft System
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WHAT IS NEW? L ANDING DISTANCE WITH FAILURE
The REF DIST considers: Sea Level, ISA, no wind,no slope, no engine reverse thrust, manual landing,VAPP = VREF + VREF
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WHAT IS NEW? L ANDING DISTANCE WITH FAILURE
Corrections(Weight, SPD, ALT, WIND)
Failure titles
Braking Actions
The REF DIST(Provided at fixed landing weight)
FLAPS lever positionsand VREF
Aircraft System
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WHAT IS NEW? VAPP WITH FAILURE
O P S D
A T A
O E B
IN FLIGHT PERFORMANCE
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WHAT IS NEW? VAPP WITH FAILURE
O P S D
A T A
O E B
APPRoach CORrection
++
+
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WHAT IS NEW? VAPP WITH FAILURE
O P S D
A T A
O E B
Ground Speed increase
No Ground Speed increase
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WHAT IS NEW? VAPP WITH FAILURE
O P S D
A T A
O E B
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WHAT IS NEW? VAPP WITH FAILURE
O P S D
A T A
O E B
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EXAMPLE WITH FAILURE
Landing data
Aircraft A330 Runway Condition Compacted snow Reported Braking Action Good Wind / OAT 12 kt headwind / - 15C Airport pressure altitude 1000ft
Estimated Landing Weight 190 t A/THR ON In-Flight failure ENG 1 SHUTDOWN (no damage) Credit for all available thrust reversers
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EXAMPLE WITH FAILURE
Step 1Identify the
Braking Action
Step 3 Calculate the
Landing Distance
Step 2Determine the
VAPP
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EXAMPLE WITH FAILURE
Step 1 - Identify the Braking Action
Runway Condition:Compacted Snow
Runway Condition: Compacted Snow
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EXAMPLE WITH FAILURE
Step 1 - Identify the Braking Action
Runway Condition:Compacted Snow
Reported Braking Action:Good
Runway Condition: Compacted SnowReported Braking Action: Good
Estimated Landing Weight : 190 t
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EXAMPLE WITH FAILURE
Step 2 - Determine the VAPP
g gA/THR: ONWind / OAT: 12 kt headwind / - 15C
VREF (190T) = 140kt
VREF = 5kt
Estimated Landing Weight : 190 t
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EXAMPLE WITH FAILURE
Step 2 - Determine the VAPP
APPR COR (A/THR) = 5kt
VAPP = 150kt
SPD = APPR COR = 5kt
5kt
4kt
VREF (190T) = 140kt
VREF = 5kt
g gA/THR: ONWind / OAT: 12 kt headwind / - 15C
From step 1: Good to Medium
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EXAMPLE WITH FAILURE
Step 3 - Calculate the Landing Distance
REF DIST (190T) = 2080 m
Weight correction (190T) : NO CORRECTION SPD correction (SPD = 5kt) = + 120 mALT correction (1000ft) = + 80 x 1 = + 80 mREV correction = - 70 x 1 = - 70 m
Landing Distance = 2210 m
pFrom step 2: VAPP = 150kt and SPD = 5ktEstimated Landing Weight : 190 t
FLAPS LEVER for LDG : CONF 3
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WHAT IS NEW? S TANDARD OPS P ROCEDURES
G E N E R A L
I N F L T P E R F
O P S D A T A
O E B
G E N E R A L
G E N E R A L
NORMAL PROCEDURES
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WHAT IS NEW? S TANDARD OPS P ROCEDURES
G E N E R A L
I N F L T P E R F
O P S D A T A
O E B
G
E N E R A L
G E N E R A L DESCENT PREPARATION
LDG ELEV CHECKLANDING PERFORMANCE .. CONFIRMFMGS PREPARE APPR BRIEFING ... PERFORM AUTO BRK .... AS RQRD
LANDING DATA PREPARE
FMGS PREPARE
DESCENT CLEARANCE . OBTAIN ANTI ICE .. AS RQRD
PF PNF
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BACKGROUND 1
WHAT IS NEW?2
CONTENTS
WHERE AND WHEN?5
FLYSMART WITH AIRBUS 4
FACTORED LANDING DISTANCE 3
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ADDITIONAL S AFETY MARGIN
In-flight landing distance considers fixed flight parameters, withoutmargin
To cover variability in flying techniques and unexpected conditions atlanding the flight crew should apply an appropriate margin to the in-flight landing distances
Airbus recommends to add a margin of 15% to the in-flight landingdistance (except in emergency)
Factored Landing Distance = In-flight Landing Distance x 1.15
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ADDITIONAL S AFETY MARGIN
In-flight landing distance considers fixed flight parameters, withoutmargin
To cover variability in flying techniques and unexpected conditions atlanding the flight crew should apply an appropriate margin to the in-flight landing distances
Airbus recommends to add a margin of 15% to the in-flight landingdistance (except in emergency)
Factored Landing Distance = In-flight Landing Distance x 1.15
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BACKGROUND 1
WHAT IS NEW?2
CONTENTS
WHERE AND WHEN?5
FLYSMART WITH AIRBUS 4
FACTORED LANDING DISTANCE 3
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EXAMPLE WITH FAILURE
Landing data
Aircraft A330 Runway Condition Compacted snow Reported Braking Action Good Wind / OAT 12 kt headwind / - 15C Airport pressure altitude 1000ft
Estimated Landing Weight 190 t A/THR ON In-Flight failure ENG 1 SHUTDOWN (no damage) Credit for all available thrust reversers
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FLYSMART WITH AIRBUS E XAMPLE WITH FAILURE
IN-FLIGHT
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FLYSMART WITH AIRBUS E XAMPLE WITH FAILURE
Most fields remain similar to previousFlysmart with Airbus version
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FLYSMART WITH AIRBUS E XAMPLE WITH FAILURE
Selection of the Braking Action
Most fields remain similar to previousFlysmart with Airbus version
Selection of the A/THR ON
F A E
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FLYSMART WITH AIRBUS E XAMPLE WITH FAILURE
C
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BACKGROUND 1
WHAT IS NEW?2
CONTENTS
WHERE AND WHEN?5
FLYSMART WITH AIRBUS 4
FACTORED LANDING DISTANCE 3
W ? S
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WHAT IS NEW? - S UMMARY
The aim of the TALPA/ARC* was to elaborate common tools tobetter assess the in-flight landing performance
* Takeoff and Landing Performance Assessment / Aviation Rulemaking Committee
The Runway Condition Assessment Matrix (RCAM)
The New landing performance without failure
The New landing performance with failure
FCOM I R M 2012
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FCOM I MPACTS - REVISION MAY 2012
GEN General
DSC Aircraft Systems
PRO Procedures
LIM Limitations
OEB Operations Engineering Bulletins
FCB Flight Crew Bulletins
NOR Normal Procedures
SUP Supplementary Procedures
PER Performance
ABN Abnormal and Emergency Procedures
SPO Special Operations
All references* to the landingdistance penalty factors are removed
* Reference to the tables of landing distance penalty factors and the tables are removed
LDG Landing
FCOM I R M 2012
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FCOM I MPACTS - REVISION MAY 2012
GEN General
DSC Aircraft Systems
PRO Procedures
LIM Limitations
OEB Operations Engineering Bulletins
FCB Flight Crew Bulletins
NOR Normal Procedures
SUP Supplementary Procedures
PER Performance
ABN Abnormal and Emergency Procedures
SPO Special Operations
Descent Preparation updated
LDG Landing
FCOM I MPACTS REVISION MAY 2012
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FCOM I MPACTS - REVISION MAY 2012
GEN General
DSC Aircraft Systems
PRO Procedures
LIM Limitations
OEB Operations Engineering Bulletins
FCB Flight Crew Bulletins
NOR Normal Procedures
SUP Supplementary Procedures
PER Performance
ABN Abnormal and Emergency Procedures
SPO Special Operations
Introduction of:Definitions,
Runway Condition Assessment Matrix
LDG Landing
QRH I MPACTS REVISION MAY 2012
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QRH I MPACTS - REVISION MAY 2012 GEN GeneralABN Abnormal and Emergency ProceduresNP Normal Procedures
FPE In-Flight PerformanceSPD Speeds
IFL In-Flight LandingFPF Fuel Penalty Factors
MAT Runway Condition Assessment Matrix
VAP VAPP Determination
LD Landing Distance Normal Operations
VAF VAPP Determination with Failure24 Landing Distance with Electric System Failure
27 Landing Distance with Flight Control System Failure
34 Landing Distance with Navigation System Failure
36 Landing Distance with Bleed System Failure
70 Landing Distance with Engine System Failure
OEI One Engine InoperativeAEO All Engines OperativeCAB Flight Without Cabin PressurizationOPD Operating Data
OPS Operational DataOEBPROC Operations Engineering Bulletins
XX .
All references to the landing distance
penalty factors are removedSummaries provide reference to theLanding Distance tables
QRH I MPACTS REVISION MAY 2012
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QRH I MPACTS - REVISION MAY 2012 GEN GeneralABN Abnormal and Emergency ProceduresNP Normal Procedures
FPE In-Flight PerformanceSPD Speeds
IFL In-Flight LandingFPF Fuel Penalty Factors
MAT Runway Condition Assessment Matrix
VAP VAPP Determination
LD Landing Distance Normal Operations
VAF VAPP Determination with Failure24 Landing Distance with Electric System Failure
27 Landing Distance with Flight Control System Failure
34 Landing Distance with Navigation System Failure
36 Landing Distance with Bleed System Failure
70 Landing Distance with Engine System Failure
OEI One Engine InoperativeAEO All Engines OperativeCAB Flight Without Cabin PressurizationOPD Operating Data
OPS Operational DataOEBPROC Operations Engineering Bulletins
XX .
Descent Preparation updated
QRH I MPACTS REVISION MAY 2012
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QRH I MPACTS - REVISION MAY 2012 GEN GeneralABN Abnormal and Emergency ProceduresNP Normal Procedures
FPE In-Flight PerformanceSPD Speeds
IFL In-Flight LandingFPF Fuel Penalty Factors
MAT Runway Condition Assessment Matrix
VAP VAPP Determination
LD Landing Distance Normal Operations
VAF VAPP Determination with Failure24 Landing Distance with Electric System Failure
27 Landing Distance with Flight Control System Failure
34 Landing Distance with Navigation System Failure
36 Landing Distance with Bleed System Failure
70 Landing Distance with Engine System Failure
OEI One Engine InoperativeAEO All Engines OperativeCAB Flight Without Cabin PressurizationOPD Operating Data
OPS Operational DataOEBPROC Operations Engineering Bulletins
XX .
Introduction of the new landingperformance assessment tools
Tables of Actual LandingDistances are removed
FCTM I MPACTS REVISION MAY 2012
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FCTM I MPACTS - REVISION MAY 2012
NO Normal OperationsCruise
Landing PerformanceApproach PreparationApproach Briefing
SI-080 Landing PerformanceUse of MatrixNormal Operations
VAPP Determination without FailureLanding Distance without Failure
ExampleAbnormal OperationsVAPP Determination with FailureLanding Distance with FailureExample
SI Supplementary Information
Descent Preparation
Descent
Guidelines on how to assess landingperformance
FCTM I MPACTS REVISION MAY 2012
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FCTM I MPACTS - REVISION MAY 2012
NO Normal OperationsCruise
Landing PerformanceApproach PreparationApproach Briefing
SI-080 Landing PerformanceUse of MatrixNormal Operations
VAPP Determination without FailureLanding Distance without Failure
ExampleAbnormal OperationsVAPP Determination with FailureLanding Distance with FailureExample
SI Supplementary Information
Descent Preparation
Descent
How to use and examples
AFM IMPACTS REVISION J UNE 2012
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AFM IMPACTS - REVISION J UNE 2012
Abnormal Procedures
Approval Data
GeneralLimitations
Emergency Procedures
Normal ProceduresPerformance
Appendices and Supplements
Master Configuration Deviation List
Supplementary Performance
Reference to relevant file that enableslanding distance computation is added
Landing distance with failure superseded
the landing distance penalty factors
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MMEL IMPACTS - REVISION J ULY 2012
How to Use
MMEL Entries
MMEL Items
MMEL Operational Procedures
Clarify that landing distance penaltyfactors apply on Required LandingDistance and on In-Flight LandingDistance
FLYSMART IMPACTS
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AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
FLYSMART IMPACTS
Class 1 - TBD
Class 2 - TBD
Class 3 - TBD
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