1 Riverside: A Master Planning Community Session #22470 Monday, September 21, 12:00PM - 1:30PM Understand the history of Riverside and it’s design vision and how the community took shape over time. Understand Frederick Law Olmsted’s principles and how they were applied in creating the Riverside General Plan Learn how Riverside developed into an established community Understand the challenges Riverside faced with contemporary influences on both the redevelopment and vision of Riverside Learn how the Village of Riverside was able to build upon historic precedent to determine modern standards for new development Learn why Riverside demonstrates how a Village can preserve their historic character, as well as facilitate change. Learn how current development trends have adopted Olmsted’s principles, fully realizing them or not Learning Objectives
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Riverside: A Master Planning CommunitySession #22470Monday, September 21, 12:00PM - 1:30PM
Understand the history of Riverside and it’s design vision and how the community took shape over time.
Understand Frederick Law Olmsted’s principles and how they were applied in creating the Riverside General Plan
Learn how Riverside developed into an established community
Understand the challenges Riverside faced with contemporary influences on both the redevelopment and vision of Riverside
Learn how the Village of Riverside was able to build upon historic precedent to determine modern standards for new development
Learn why Riverside demonstrates how a Village can preserve their historic character, as well as facilitate change.
Learn how current development trends have adopted Olmsted’s principles, fully realizing them or not
Learning Objectives
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In 1869, the Riverside Improvement Company had acquired a 1600-acre tract of land along the Des Plaines River, 9 miles west of Chicago.
The Riverside Improvement Company commissioned Olmsted & Calvert Vaux to develop a General Plan of Riverside.
Riverside, Illinois
Riverside Improvement Company
Riverside Map (1836)
Cen
tral
Par
k Im
ages
Aerial view of Central Park (1938)
Olmsted & Vaux's original Greensward Plan (1858)
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Pros
pect
Par
k Im
ages
Prospect Park in the Fall (2003)
Design of Prospect Park (1868)
Urban cities needed to embrace a broader metropolitan dynamic
Configured curvilinear roads/lots
Continuous park system with 40 smaller triangular parks at the intersections of roads
Variety of lot dimensions to avoid “sameness”
Nine mile connection from Riverside to the City of Chicago
Developing the Principles of Riverside
Calvert Vaux
Frederick Law Olmsted
The vision that guided Olmsted in designing Riverside:
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Olmsted wrote that suburbs should combine
“ruralistic beauty of a loosely built New England village with a certain degree of the material and social advantages of a town.”
Developing the Principles of Riverside
Historic Riverside Street
Believed urban cities needed to embrace a broader metropolitan dynamic.
A successful “metropolitan condition” was the blending of both the cities and the suburb
Developing the Principles of Riverside
Typical mid-west rural farm-house of the time.The “Loop” - 1897
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Configured the roads/lots in a curvilinear design to respond to the natural features of the land.
Developing the Principles of Riverside
Curvilinear roads of Riverside Early cobblestone gutters in Riverside
Advocated for a continuous park system featuring several large parks with over 40 smaller triangular parks also formed at the intersections of the roads.
The 1920’s zoning ordinance included one business district category that addressed the Village’s commercial sector
Riverside becomes an established suburb of Chicago
The Riverside WPA maps provided a residential context model for future regulation
Riverside becomes an established suburb of Chicago
Lot Dimension/Setback Study - Figure Set A
Lot Dimension/Setback Study - Figure Set BWPA Map
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Public Open Space & Parks of Riverside
In 1970 the U.S. Department of Interior designated the RiversideLandscape Architectural District as a National Historic Landmark
Riverside becomes an established suburb of Chicago
&
Streets of Riverside
National and cultural trends left a poorly regulated Riverside ill-equipped to handle new demands
Riverside becomes an established suburb of Chicago
Historic Riverside Improvement Co. Building
Conflicting development trends
Conflicting development trends
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Why Riverside updated their Zoning Code?Recognized that the 1920’s ordinance had never been comprehensively evaluated.Eliminated inconsistencies among zoning and other parts of Village Code.Needed to create zoning for Central Business District. Made it easier for property owners to add on to existing homes and improve existing properties, keeping with the historic character.Ensure that “build-backs” are consistent in scale and character with existing neighborhoods
Preserving Riverside, returning to Olmsted’s Principles
The Five Steps of Form-Based Zoning1. Target the Area
Where will the regulations apply?
2. Set PolicyWhat are the overall goals & guiding policies?
3. Describe FormWhich specific elements constitute the desired character?
4. Balance Regulations How strict will the regulations be?
5. Administer OrdinanceWho will administer the regulations?
Preserving Riverside, returning to Olmsted’s Principles
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Step 1: Target the Area
Central Business District Boundary
Residential District Boundary
Step 2: Set Overall Policy & Goals
Central Business District
Commercial areas zoned B-1 District:Different physical character to Central Business District
• Historic characterCreate new district: B-2 Central Business District
Maintain existing character:Consistent with Olmsted’s visionPedestrian-orientationPreservation of historic character & development patterns
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Step 2: Set Overall Policy & Goals
Central Business DistrictIllustrative Concept Plan
Step 2: Set Overall Policy & Goals
Residential Districts
Teardown phenomena:Lack of comprehensive development controls – ex: no max. heightPotential for new developmentout of character/scale
Maintain traditional residential character:Consistent with Olmsted’s visionScale Historical orientation on lot
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Step 3: Describe Desired “Form”
Open House & Public Workshops
Image Preference Survey
Establish Architectural Hierarchy
Building Height Requirements
Step 3: Describe Desired “Form”
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Step 4: Balance Regulations
Central Business District
Key “Form-Based” Regulations:Sub-district structureSetbacksDesign requirements & guidelinesOn-site development standards
Step 4: Balance Regulations
Sub-Districts
Retail CodeMixed-Use PeripheryPublic Use
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Setbacks
Based on Historical development patterns
Step 4: Balance Regulations
Step 2: Set Overall Policy & Goals
LandscapingParking lot interior & perimeterScreeningBuffering abutting residential