Rivalry between France and England—forts/Indians vs. population Albany Plan of Union—jealousy, taxing rights overcame sense of uniting colonies under “one general government” The Mosaic of Eighteenth Century America Fort Duquesne, on the confluence of three rivers at what became present-day Pittsburgh, was a thorn in British colonists’ sides. Franklin’s appeal to colonial unity (left) in face of French presence in the backcountry
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Rivalry between France and England —forts/Indians vs. population Albany Plan of Union —jealousy, taxing rights overcame sense of uniting colonies under.
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Rivalry between France and England—forts/Indians vs. population
Albany Plan of Union—jealousy, taxing
rights overcame sense of uniting colonies under “one general government”
The Mosaic of Eighteenth Century America Fort Duquesne, on the
confluence of three rivers at what became
present-day Pittsburgh, was a thorn in British
colonists’ sides.
Franklin’s appeal to colonial unity (left) in face of
French presence in the backcountry represented by
soldiers flying the Fleur de Lys
(right).
Forces of Division (ethnicity, religion, distance, seaboard/country)
• High Birthrate in the colonies—3x’s today’s—fueled diversity
• Isolation of the backcountry—shacks, continual movement, transportation woes
• Frontier women—did man’s and woman’s work
• The Paxton Boys—Pennsylvania east/west conflict over frontier protection—
took matters into own hands until Franklin mediates
• Regulation movements—Vigilantes in
Carolinas—Battle of Alamance/hostility endures
• Ethnic conflicts—English on the coast,
Germans and Scots/Irish interior
Colonial women were hard put keeping up with five to eight children and everything else they had to do. Men, like the
one on the left, had it tough, too.
• Green Mountain Boys—Vermont land dispute (common?)
with New York (Yorkers)—jurisdiction
important for property rights
• Commercial classes—seaport
merchants tapped wealth of
surrounding countryside—gained political
power; “Negro Election Day”
• Women in cities—rich and poor
• Urban diversions and hazards—life more interesting in cities: balls,
concerts, plays, social clubs, rough activities
Flag carried by Ethan Allen (pictured above right) and his Green Mountain Boys.
Some seaport cities, like New York, Boston, Philadelphia, and Charleston, began taking on
a more substantial, settled look.
Slave societies in the Eighteenth Century South
• The Chesapeake versus the Lower South— “task system” vs. “gang labor”; small vs. large plantations
• African slaves versus American-born slaves—competition
• Natchez revolt—Indians/slaves
combine: 200 French planters dead;
freedom for some blacks
• Greater freedom for blacks in Louisiana—price: help in defense;
Maroon communities
• The Stono Rebellion—largest of
colonial period
*The African Response toEnslavement—overt and
covert resistanceEnd of Reading
Constant concern of slaveholders and part of the psychological price for slavery were
revolts such as Stono (top) and the massive uprising in Haiti (right).
Enlightenment and Awakening in AmericaRational versus traditional Christianity—The Enlightenment; The
first Great Awakening; Jonathan Edwards (fire and brimstone), George Whitefield (emotional religious theatre)
Religious divisions—“Awakening” creates more dissension—why?
Evangelicalism on the frontier—less education, more emotional appeals
Colonial diversity: a summary—religion, education, ethnic and racial origins, interior vs. coast
—what’s good/
bad about this?
The oftentimes severe Jonathan Edwards who
preached “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” and the theatrical George