Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-3208 (Paper) ISSN 2225-093X (Online) Vol.4, No.28, 2014 87 Risperidone and Haloperidol Comparative Effects of Positive Symptoms Patient Schizophrenic Ferdinan Leo Sianturi* Syamsir BS Vita Camellia Faculty of Medicine, University of Sumatera Utara, Jalan dr. Mansur No 5 Medan 20155, Sumatera Utara * E-mail of the corresponding author: [email protected]Abstract Several studies have made a sub category of the symptoms of schizophrenia into five parts: positive symptoms, negative symptoms, cognitive symptoms, symptoms of aggressive and depressive / anxious. Some studies also indicate that risperidone is a preparation that has high efficacy for positive symptoms of schizophrenia and negative symptoms of schizophrenia also improve better than conventional antipsychotics.mThis study was an experimental study in the form of two-group pretest-posttest design with consecutive sampling performed 40 schizophrenic patients who came for treatment to psychiatry inpatient and outpatient BLUD RSJ Propsu period March 1, 2010 - August 31, 2010. Patients with schizophrenia who met the inclusion criteria and underwent total PANSS positive symptoms before treatment therapy 20 samples will be treated with risperidone and 20 samples treated with haloperidol then were followed up every week until the fourth week of the inspection and the total PANSS positive symptoms. From a statistical test to test for independent samples in total PANSS score of zero to weeks and weeks to four PANSS total score differences were found on average to risperidone treatment group 50.2 (SD ± 9.7) and the difference in the PANSS total score average for haloperidol treatment group of 47.4 (SD ± 6.5), P = 0.281. No difference in total PANSS score based group intervention. From test to test for independent samples positive PANSS scores week to zero and week four PANSS positive score differences were found on average to risperidone therapy of 13.1 (SD ± 3.4) and the difference in PANSS positive scores on average for group therapy haloperidol was 10.5 (SD ± 1.9) P = 0.005. There are differences in symptom positive delta based group intervention. In this study risperidone group showed no significant differences in symptom score of the PANSS positive until the fourth week compared with the use of haloperidol group. Keywords: schizophrenic patients, risperidone, haloperidol, PANSS, positive symptoms. 1. Introduction Schizophrenia is a collection of clinical symptoms are characterized by damage psychopathology involving cognition, emotion, perception and behavioral aspects and manifests in patients and affect the course of the disease, usually severe and prolonged. 1 Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that trips include chronic illness, 2.3 is generally characterized by a distorted thoughts and perceptions basic, and by affective unnatural (inappropriate) or blunt (blunted). 3 Although not yet formally recognized as part of the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia, several studies made subcategories of symptoms of this disease into 5 parts: positive symptoms, negative symptoms, cognitive symptoms, aggressive symptoms and depressive/anxious symptoms. The positive symptoms include delusions positive, hallucinations, irregularities and exaggeration in language and communication, irregular behavior/speech, behavior catatonic and agitation. 4 Basic treatment of schizophrenia is antipsychotic medication to be divided into two major groups, namely the typical antipsychotics (dopamine receptor antagonists) and atypical antipsychotics (serotonin receptor antagonist dopamine). 5 Some research suggests that risperidone is the preparation that has high efficacy for positive symptoms schizofrenia and improve negative symptoms schizophrenia better than conventional antipsychotics. 6 John Davis recently analyzed data collected from 5-controlled study. The results of a meta-analysis showed that 53% of patients who received risperidone with dose above 6 mg daily meet criteria improvement than expected in 40% of patients who received conventional antipsychotic (p <0.001). Treatment with risperidone also provide 25% better improvement on the positive symptom and 60% better on negative symptoms compared with conventional antipsychotics. 7 2. Subject and Methods This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Medical Faculty University of Sumatera Utara. This study was performed in outpatient clinic and inpatient of Mental Hospital of Province of North Sumatera, on the regulation of Medical Faculty of University of North Sumatera, from 1 March 2010 to 31 August 2010. The criteria inclusion for subject were patient schizophrenic who meet the criteria PPDGJ III, ages 15-55 years and in acute phase. We excluded patients with schizophrenia and comorbid general medical illness or other psychiatric disorders, pregnant and nursing and hypersensitivity to risperidon and haloperidol. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants after giving a full explanation of the study protocol.
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Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare www.iiste.org
ISSN 2224-3208 (Paper) ISSN 2225-093X (Online)
Vol.4, No.28, 2014
87
Risperidone and Haloperidol Comparative Effects of Positive
Symptoms Patient Schizophrenic
Ferdinan Leo Sianturi* Syamsir BS Vita Camellia
Faculty of Medicine, University of Sumatera Utara, Jalan dr. Mansur No 5 Medan 20155, Sumatera Utara