SUMMER TRAINING REPORT09.06.2014 to 09.07.2014 ON 765/400KV & 400/220KV SUBSTATION,LUCKNOWPOWER GRID CORPORATIONOFINDIA LIMITEDSUBMITTED BY MOHAMMAD AMIR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (6th SEM) ROLL NO 1100167023 INTEGRAL UNIVERSITY, LUCKNOW (U.P)UNDER GUIDANCE OF Mr.RAMESH KUMAR RAWAT(M.Tech. in Microelectronics, IT-BHU Varanasi)Sr. Engineer, 765/400KV & 400/220KV SUBSTATIONS, LUCKNOW(UP) POWERGRID CORPORATION OF INDIA LTD NORTHERN REGION-1
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The 765/400 kV new substation is full automatic Remote Operated substation which is being
operate from 400/220 kV Lucknow substation Control Room. This is the first substation in
NR -1 which started Remote Operation very first in the region.
In this substation total 9 Bays of 765 kV side. 765kV Lucknow-Balia Line-1(Connected bay
nos 701 & 702) is in commercial operation from 1st March 2012. Second is Lucknow-
Bareilly Line which is presently chrged through 400 kV level (Connected bay nos 408 &
409) and in the work completion which will be connect to bay nos 707 & 708. Last is future
line which yet to come.
In 765kV side one is single phase 3x80=240 MVAR line reactor connected to Balia Line,one is single phase 3x80 MVAR bus reactor which is connected to 765 kV Main Bus-II in
bay no 709. There are two ICT of (single phase) 1500 MW each capacity and one is spare
transformer single phase of 500 MVA capacity. In this substation 400 kV side total 12 bays
and provision of max four lines. Two lines are in commercial operation (Lko-Lko line-1 &
Lko-Lko Line -2) and two are future line which yet to come. In this side also a 125 MVAR
bus reactor which is connected to bay no 407.
About 400/220 kV old substation have 27 nos of bays and 14 lines of 400 kV and 2 lines of
220 kV. Also the bays are ready for 4 future lines of 220 kV leve. In this substation two
working Bus Reactors 125 & 80 MVAR, four working line reactors in which 2 are of 50
MVAR each and 2 are of 63 MVAR each. These four are connected to Roza line(50
―Establishment and operation of Regional and National Power Grids to facilitatetransfer of electric power within and across the regions with Reliability, Security
and Economy, on sound commercial
POWER GRID CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED (POWERGRID), The Central Transmission Utility
(CTU) of the country under Ministry of Power is one amongst the largest Power Transmission utilities in the
world. POWERGRID is playing a vital role in the growth of Indian power sector by developing a robust
Integrated National Grid and associating in the flagship programme of Govt. of India to provide Power for
all. An innovation in Technical & Managerial fields has resulted in coordinated development of power
transmission network and effective operation and management of Regional and National Grid.
VISION World Class, Integrated, Global Transmission Company with Dominant Leadership in
Emerging Power Markets Ensuring Reliability, Safety and Economy.
MISSION We will become a Global Transmission Company with Dominant Leadership in Emerging
Power Markets with World Class Capabilities by:
World Class: Setting superior standards in capital project management and operations for the
industry and ourselves
Global: Leveraging capabilities to consistently generate maximum value for all stakeholders in India
and in emerging and growing economies.
Inspiring, nurturing and empowering the next generation of professionals.
Achieving continuous improvements through innovation and state of the art technology.
Committing to highest standards in health, safety, security and environment
765/400kV Lucknow S/S is 23Km away from Lucknow City at Agasand Village, Post OfficeKursi, Tahsil-Fatehpur, Distt.-Barabanki 2Kms interconnecting road Lucknow-Kursi Road. POWERGRID, NR-1 has successfully commissioned the 765kV/400kV Lucknow S/S alongwith 765kV Balia-Lucknow S/C Line from Balia 765/400kV S/S and Extension of
400/220kV Lucknow S/S along with 400kV Lucknow (New)-Lucknow (Old) D/C Line
associated with DVC &Maithon Right Bank Project
This was the first 765kV Line energized on 28.02.2012in the Northern Region
Main SLD of 765/400 kV: Upper portion of SLD is 765 kV side. Total Bays are 9 from 701 to 709.701(Main) & 702(TIE) Bays are of Lucknow-Balia Line, 707(Main) & 708(TIE) Bays are of Lucknow-
Bareilly Line and 704(Main) & 705(TIE) Bays are for future line.Total TIE Bays are 702, 705 & 708
Lower portion of the SLD is of 400 kV side. Total Bays are 12 from 401 to 412. Bay no. 402(TIE) &
403(Main) of Lucknow-Lucknow line-2, Bay no. 405(TIE) & 406(Main) of Lucknow-Lucknow Line-1, Bay
nos 408(TIE), 409(Main) & 411(TIE), 412(Main) are for future lines.Total TIE Bays are 402, 405, 408 &411.
System Architecture of 765/400 kV provide the information of connected relays in the whole substation.Green Relays/BCU indicate healthy position of its. Red indication of its means Relay/BCU is notcommunicating with SCADA. Upper portion of this architecture is of 765kV and divided in three parts/kiosk
and lower portion of its is of 400kV and divided in four parts means four kiosk system. All kiosks are
connected to each other with Fibre Optical (FO) cable ring.
FO Cable start from 765kV Control Room to 765 kiosk -1 to 765kV kiosk -2 to 765kV kiosk -3 to 400kV
kiosk -1 to 400kV kiosk -2 to 400kV kiosk -3 to 400kV kiosk -4 to 765kV Control Room. In the kiosks FOcable is connected with the help of LIU (Line Interface Unit). LIU communicate with EFS (Ethernet Fibre
The power line carrier communication equipment required is to provide primarily efficient, secure and
reliable information link for carrier aided distance protection and direct tripping of remote-end breaker and
also for speech communication between 765/400/220 kV sub-stations. It includes carrier terminals of
multipurpose type for speech and protection. All carrier terminals including those for protection , suitable for
point to point speech communication also.
PLCC use Amplitude Modulation and has single side band transmission mode.
Mode of transmission Amplitude Modulation single side band with suppressed carrier or reduced
carrier frequency 40to 500kHz range.
Nominal carrier frequency 4.0 kHz band in either direction of transmission
Supply voltage48 V DC +15%, -10% Positive pole earthed
SPEECH COMMUNICATIONPLC equipment provide telephone communication between the
stations where the transmission lines are terminating. It is possible for subscriber at any of the
stations to contact the subscriber at all other stations connected in the system by dialing his call
number.
A) High Frequency Cable: High frequency cable connects to the PLC terminal installed indoor to the
coupling device which installed in the switchyard.
B) Line trap/ wave trap
Cconform to latest IEC 60353 fulfilling all the technical requirements.
The rated short time current for 1Second should be 31.5/40/50/63 kA as per requirement.
The mH. Rating should be 0.25/0.5/1.0 mH depending on frequency plan.
The Line Trap should be suitable for outdoor pedestal or suspension mounting andshould be
mechanically strong enough to withstand the stresses due to maximum wind pressure of 260
kg/square meter
For pedestal mounting, each line trap mounted on a tripod structure formed by three insulator
stacks arranged in a triangular form. All the accessories and hardware, mounting stoolincluding bolts for fixing the line trap on insulatorsshould be of non-magnetic material.
C) Lime Matching Unit(LMU)The modular coupling device MCD80, tchyard near it is mounted in swi
CVT together with the coupling capacitor and line trap basically fulfill the following functions:
Insertion and extraction of PLC signals on high voltage overhead lines and cables.
Through connection and distribution of PLC signals in intermediate stations.
Impedance matching between transmission path and PLC equipment.
Potential separation of high voltage equipment and PLC equipment.
Source-1 (33kv /415v) from Khurram Nagar substation Lucknow
Source -2 (33kv /415v) from ICT-1 as a T-3
Emergency Power Backup (Diesel-Generator Set)
In case of loss of auxiliary supply, the emergency power backup system, which is a diesel-generator set,
starts automatically. This generator can provide power continuously for 5 hours.
At 400/220 kV substation a DG set of 250 KVA(CUMMINS) is installed.
At 765/400 kV substation a DG set of 500 KVA (CUMMINS) is installed.
DC SOURCE:
There are two DC source of the auxiliary supply
220 Volt– Two number of set of 220 Volt
48 Volt – Two number of set of 48 Volt
Each DC Source charged by separate charger by 220V and 48 volt separate charger respectively.
In the Battery room Battery Banks are installed which provide D.C. supply for the sub-stationDC. Equipment operation D.C. Supply is required for the operation of the relay in the control
panel and for the operation of PLCC. There are four battery banks, two for 220 V supply (one
primary and other backup) and for 48 V supply. Each 220 V Lead - Acid battery bank comprises
110 cell of 2.2 V each. Capacity of the battery banks is 600AH. Float or trickle charging is used
for the batteries i.e. batteries are charged under no load at a ratio equal to their self-discharge
rate. Any battery or cell is allowed to discharge to value 80% of the full charge , i.e., the
cell is allowed to discharge only of 20% of its maximum voltage.
Lightning has been a source of wonder to mankind for thousands of years. Some of the accepted facts about
thunder cloud and lightning phenomenon:
1. The height of the cloud base above the surrounding ground level may vary from 500 to 30000 ft. the
charged centers which are responsible for lightning are in the range of 1000 to 5000 ft.
2. The maximum charge on a cloud is of the order of 10 coulombs which is built up exponentially over a
period of perhaps many second or even minutes.
3.
The maximum potential of a cloud lies approximately within the range of 10 MV to 100 MV.4. The energy in the lightning stroke may be of the order of 250 KWHR.
The current in the streamer is of the order of 100 ampere and the sped of the streamer is 0.5ft./microsecond.
This streamer is known as pilot streamer because this leads to the lightning phenomenon. Depending upon
the state of ionization of the air surrounding the streamer, it is branched up to several paths and this is
known as a stepped leader. The leader steps are of the order of 50 m in length and are accomplished in
about a microsecond. The charge is brought from the cloud through the already ionized paths to these
pauses. The air surrounding these pauses is again ionized and the leader in this way reaches the earth.