RISE MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY HIGH-VOLTAGE GROUP

Research, Calibration, Testing and Knowledge transfer

RISE MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY

HIGH-VOLTAGE GROUP

From Quantum-Based Standards for DC and AC Voltage to High-Voltage Services

RISE: the InstituteRISE Research Institutes of Sweden is a leading international re-search institute wholly owned by the Swedish State. We operate from about 30 sites all over Sweden.

The Measurement Science & Technology department is a Natio-nal Metrology Institute and ranks as one of the world leaders in traceable measurement technology. Supported by the scientific expertise in other departments, we can solve measurement problems together with, and often at the premises of, our clients. The High voltage group offers calibration, research, develop-ment, test and certification of measuring equipment and testing of high voltage equipment. The activities include calibration of

electrical power and energy measuring systems as well as high and low frequency inductance, capacitance, resistance, network analyzers and flicker metering instruments.

Year founded

• Measurement Science & Technology 1928• High voltage group 1978• High voltage lab 1988• New High voltage lab 2013

The High-Voltage laboratory taken into operation in 2014 and extends our capabilities into the Megavolt range and allows parallel activities in several test bays.

• 18x24x17 m • Completely shielded • Very low background PD level (<5 pC)• Very low background sound level (<40 dB)• Indoor climate 23±0,5 C

Strong personnel group comprising both world-renowned researchers and experienced technicians guarantees competence, flexibility and capacity.

High voltage and current generation capabilities• AC voltage up to 350 kV• LI and SI impulse up to • 2100/1600 kV• AC current up to 10 kA • DC voltage up to 1200 kV• DC current up to 6 kA• Arbitrary AC waveforms

The High-Voltage Group

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Develop high-voltage and high-current measurement techniques. Partake in international standardisation in IEC and CENELEC. First-class high-voltage metrological research.

State-of-art calibrations of high-voltage and high-current mea-suring systems. The sheer size of many high-voltage and high-current measuring systems has made it imperative for us to provide our calibration services also on-site on the user’s premises all over the world

Provide testing services. High-voltage testing in-house, verification of energy measuring system in EHV electricity grids, electrical testing of trains on-board the rolling stock.

Develop test and measurement techniques and instruments Focal point is the needs of our Clients

High-Voltage Group Mission

We realize the basic electrical units from fundamental defini-tions, provide the link from DC to AC quantities and provide the essential traceability step to the highest voltages and currents.

We are unique in the way we make state-of-the-art technology available to the needs of industry and society through calibration and tests on-site in test laboratories, on-board verifications of railway rolling stock performance to on-site verifications in the national grid.

Training and consultation servicesThe high voltage group offers tailor-made training packages of training and consultation services in its competence areas.

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All our high voltage calibrations are traceable to our own realizations and to international references

Traceability is an important aspect of quality assured measurement and testing and relates to the unspoken assumption that results of measure-ment obtained by different organisations at different locations, are compatible, and is defined as “property of a measurement result whereby the result can be related to a reference through a documented unbroken chain of calibrations, each contributing to the measurement uncertainty”.

Realizations

The voltage unit is realized by means of a reference based on the quantum phenomenon called the Josephson Effect. The resis-tance unit is also realized from a quantum effect, the Quantized Hall Effect. From these two basic realizations, all DC quantities are derived.

AC quantities are realized from the DC quantities by methods such as AC/DC transfer, where the effective values of voltage and current are determined by determination of the AC value that re-sults in the same heating of a pure resistor as with DC. As part of modern development, AC voltage is also realized with Arbitrary AC voltage synthesis using a binary Josephson reference that has been developed by the Measurement Science & Technology Group in cooperation with other National Metrology labs; PTB, NPL and VSL in Germany, Great Britain and the Netherlands.

The realizations provide a basic level in the range of volts and kΩ, distinguished by very low uncertainty. An elaborate combi-nation of step-up schemes and scientific analyses is carried out from these levels up to the highest levels needed for high-voltage and high-current measurements and calibrations.

Calibration certificatesWe issue calibration certificates in Swedish or English, and we are a signatory to the Multilateral Recognition Arrangement (www.bipm.org), together with national metrology institutes all over the world.

Our measurement capabilities are published in an official database maintained by the BIPM and we participate in international compari-son measurements on a regular basis.

We operate under the quality standards ISO 17025 and 17020, supervised by the Swedish Board for Accreditation and conformity Assessment (SWEDAC). The latter is signatory to the multilateral agreements of the European cooperation for Accred-itation (EA) and of the International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation (ILAC).

Calibration services at basic level

Examples of primary references and meas- uring equipment that can be calibrated by our resources:

• DC Voltage Reference Fluke 732B• AC/DC Transfer Standard Fluke 792A• AC Measurement Standard Fluke 5790A • Resistance Primary Bridge MI 6010D• Multifunction Calibrator Fluke 5700 EP• Multifunction Calibrator Fluke 5520A• Reference Multimeter Fluke 8508A• Reference Multimeter Agilent 3458A• Reference power and energy meter

ZERA COM303

High voltage calibration services - examples

• measuring systems for AC voltage, peak/√2 and r.m.s. (IEC 60060-2)

• measuring systems for DC voltage (IEC 60060-2)• Measuring system lightning and switching impulse (IEC

60060-2)• High voltage capacitors (capacitance

and dissipation factor)• High voltage AC power loss measuring systems• Capacitance and dissipation factor standards and measuring

systems• Voltage and current transformers• Current clamps, Rogowski coils, • DC and AC current measuring

systems• PD calibrators & measuring systems• High voltage insulation testers• Voltage detectors

Other services are also available, see our web page: www.sp.se/en/units/measurement

Building Traceability from nV to MV

On-site 1000 kV calibration in Japan in the light of the moon 44

High-voltage and -current calibration services, ranges and un-certainties

Quantity Range Best uncertainty Frequency

Current

DC Magnitude (0 to 6) kA 0.0010 %

AC

Magnitude (0 to 4) kA 0.005 % Power frequency

CT ratio error (-2 to +2) % 0.003 % Power frequency

CT phase displace-ment

(-70 to 70) min 0.1 min Power frequency

Voltage

DCmagnitude (1 to 1000) kV 0.002 %

Ratio 1E-6 to 1 0.002 %

AC

Magnitude (0.7 to 400) kV 0.02 % 0.1 – 300 Hz

Linearity exten-sion

up to1100 kV 0.3 % Power frequency

VT Ratio error (-2 to +2) % 0.0015 % Power frequency

VT phase displace-ment

(-70 to 70) min 0.05 min Power frequency

LI 1.2/50µs

Amplitude (1 to 800) kV 1 %

Front time (0.84 to 10) µs 3 %

Time to half value (40 to 60) µs 3 %

Linearity exten-sion

Up to 2500 kV IEC 60060-2

SI 250/2500µs

Amplitude (10 to 240) kV 1%

Time to peak (20 to 500) µs 3%

Time to half value (1000 to 8000) µs 3 %

Linearity exten-sion

(240 to 1200) kV IEC 60060-2

Apparent charge q0.5 pC to 20 pC

(0.075+0.025q) pC

20 pC to 1E+5 pC 3 %

High voltage Capa-citance

<750V (0.01to 9000) nF 0.001 % Power frequency

<300kV (0.01to 1000) nF 0.001 % Power frequency

High voltage dis-sipation factor D

D at <750V (0.1 to 900) nF0.00001 + 0.005*D

Power frequency

D at <300kV (0.01 to 100) nF0.00001 + 0.005*D

Power frequency

Dissipation factor at VLF

D at <50kV (0.02 to 5) µF 0.00004 + 0.01* D 0.1 - 50Hz

High voltage capa-citance bridges

Capacitance ratio 0.1 to 1000 0.00001% Power frequency

Dissipation factor D -0.1 to +0.10.000005 + 0.0005*D

Power frequency

Winding ratio meters

Ratio 0.0001 to 1 0.000 001

µΩ -meters Resistance R 1 µΩ to 1 Ω 0.1 µΩ + 0.0005*R

The services are available both in-house and on-site in the Client’s laboratory. Slight modifications in achievable uncertainties and magnitudes of voltage and current may be applicable.

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R&D projects

• High frequency power transformer design and performance• Reference current transformer to 10 000A• Reference divider for 1000 kV switching impulse

• Metrology for HVDC 2010-2013 (coordinator)• Metrology for electric power industry 2015- (coordinator)• Non-conventional voltage and current sensors for future

power grids

Nationally funded EMRP / EMPIR funded

The EMRP and EMPIR programs are jointly funded by the parti-cipating countries in Euramet and the European Union

CERN measuring system during installation

• Applied research and development in the field of high voltage technology

• Design and development of high voltage measuring systems and calibration references

• Development of measurement and calibration software for automation of measuring systems

• Consultancy regarding establishment of high voltage labora-tories

• On-line service for evaluation of lightning and switching impulse wave shapes

We develop specialised measuring systems and services as needed by our Clients, such as:

• A measuring system for 110 kV trapezoidal impulse voltage for calibration of injection accelerators used in the Large Hadron Collider at CERN

• A measuring system we will use for verification of losses in the converters of the HVDC intertie South-West link in Sweden

• Measuring system for calibration of current transformers ba-sed on active current comparators and sampling instruments - DSTM

Research and development services

Wise Measurement for Smart Grids

Traceability of measurementsNational metrologyInternational scientific community

SensorsCharacterization inlab or on-siteLocal and widearea systems

AssetoptimizationProtection andcontrolDiagnostics andmaintenance

CalibrationmethodsIntra and inter laboratoryFactory on-siteGrid on-site

Measuring &testing techniquesHigh-voltagePower & EnergyPower Quality

ElectricitymarketLegal metrologyMetering and billing

Power qualitymanagementValidation of levelsSensor fusionApplied mathematics

OperationalefficiencyProcess optimizationLoss reduction

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Supplementary test facilities• SF6 handling equipment for gas insulated equipment• Mechanical and Seismic test facilities for high voltage equip-

ment • Cantilever and Snapback test up to 50 kN at a height of 10

meters• Seismic (Earthquake simulation)

Horizontal & Vertical motions. Height: of specimen 2.5m, Weight: 1500kg Acceleration levels up to 3 g.

• Environmental testing facilities include large climatic test chambers:

• - W3*H2.5*D3m, 1000kg, -60 to +85 C, humidity 10 to 98%

• - W6*H6*D20m, 40000kg, -50 to +95 C, humidity up to 95%

Based on our test facilities and our state–of-art measuring systems for:

• AC voltage and current• DC voltage and current• LI voltage• SI voltage

• PD magnitude• Temperature rise• Capacitance• Tan delta

We can perform dielectric withstand testing with

• AC• DC• Lightning Impulse, (LI)

• Switching Impulse (SI)• Measurement of partial

discharge magnitude

Temperature rise tests on

• Current transformers• Distribution power transfor-

mers

• Prefabricated substations• Power cables

Insulation quality assurance

• Measurement of capacitance • Measurement of dissipation factor

Mechanical endurance and environmental compatibility tests on all kinds of high voltage equipment. Acoustic noise level measu-rement on high voltage equipment.

High voltage Equipment testing

Measuring system services for high voltage purposes• Measurement and control automation• Data acquisition and communication• Advanced analysis• Visualization and control

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RISE Research Institutes of Sweden Measurement Science & TechnologyPostal adress: Box 857, SE-501 15 Borås, SwedenVisiting and delivery: Brinellgatan 4, SE-504 62, Borås, SwedenTelephone: +46 10 516 50 00 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.sp.se/highvoltage

ALSTOM Transport Deutschland GmbH • Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB • ALSTOM Grid • Messwandler Gmbh • Baur Prüf und Messtechnik GmbH • AB Sandvik Materials Technology • High Voltage Systems Ltd • Doble Lemke GmbH • Nexans Norway AS • Svenska Kraftnät • AstraZeneca AB • ONE Nordic AB • Trescal A/S • ABB

Customer reference list