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Terrorism

What is terrorism?

Definitions

Encyclopedia Britannica

“The systematic use of terror (such as bombings, killings, and kidnappings) as a means of forcing some political objective. When

used by a government, it may signal efforts to stifle dissent; used by insurrectionists or guerrillas, it many be part of an overall effort to

effect desired political change.”

“Systematic use of violence, terror, and intimidation to achieve an end.”

Webster’s II New Riverside University Dictionary

“Terrorism is premeditated,

politically motivated violence perpetrated against

noncombatant targets by

subnational groups or clandestine

state agents, usually to

influence an audience.”

U.S. Department of State

Federal Bureau of Investigation“Terrorism is the

unlawful use of force or violence against

persons or property to intimidate or coerce a

government, the civilian population, or

any segment thereof, in furtherance of

political or social objectives.”

League of Nations Convention

(1937)“All criminal acts

directed against a State and calculated to create a

state of terror in the minds of particular persons or group of

persons or the general public.”

United Nations Resolutions Language

(1999)“1. Strongly condemns all acts, methods, and practices of terrorism as criminal and unjustifiable, wherever and by whomsoever committed;

2. Reiterates that criminal acts intended or calculated to provoke a state of terror in the general public, a group of persons or particular persons for political purposes are in any circumstance unjustifiable, whatever the considerations of a political, philosophical, ideological, racial, ethnic, religious or other nature that may be invoked to justify them.” (General Assembly Resolution 51/210, “measures to eliminate international terrorism”)

History or Terrorism

he term “terrorism” evolved during a phase of the French Revolution known as the “Reign of Terror”. From 1793 to 1794, one faction of the Revolution used violent methods to weed out “traitors” and to spread “terror” throughout the country. In just six weeks, more than 1,300 people were guillotined in Paris alone.

French Revolution

Terrorism is on the rise in recent years.

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1970's 1980s 1990s

South AmericaAsiaEuropeAfricaNorth America

Time Line

1996, Truck bomb,

Manchester England

1988, Pan Am

#103 bombed,

Lockerbie Scotland

1972 Israeli

athletes taken

hostage, Munich

Germany

1995 Nerve gas released,

Aum Shinrikyo

1984 Golden Temple seized,

Amritsar India

1979 Diplomats

held hostage, Tehran, Iran

1997 Shopping

mall bombed, Jerusalem

Isreal

1998

U. S. Embassies

bomed,

Kenya and Tanzania

1992

Two car bombs

explode, Lima, Peru

2001 Four airplanes hijacked

and crashed, Washington, DC & New York City

1995 Murrah

Building bombed,

Oklahoma City

Oklahoma

1972 Israeli athletes taken hostage, Munich Germany

1979 Diplomats held hostage, Tehran, Iran

Recent Terrorism

1970s

ovember, 1979. After the exiled Shah of Iran was admitted into the United States for medical treatment, angry Iranian students seized the U.S. embassy in Tehran and took scores of American diplomats hostage. Thirteen hostages were released shortly thereafter, but the others were held for over a year.

Tehran Iran

1984 Golden Temple seized, Amritsar, India

Recent Terrorism

1984

Amritsar India

une, 1984. In an effort to establish an independent state, Sikh terrorists seized the Golden Temple in Amritsar, India. Prime Minister Indoor Gandhi ordered a military campaign to drive out the terrorists. Hundreds were killed.

1988, Pan Am #103 bombed, Lockerbie, Scotland

1995 Nerve gas released, Aum Shinrikyo

1995 Murrah

Building bombed,

Oklahoma City, OK

1992 Two car bombs explode, Lima, Peru

Recent Terrorism1988-1995

arch, 1995 The terrorist group, Aum Shinrikyo, released nerve gas in a Tokyo subway station to head off a raid by the Japanese government. The terrorist killed eleven people and injured thousands.

Tokyo Japan

1996, Truck bomb, Manchester, England

1997 Shopping mall bombed, Jeruselem, Isreal

1998 U. S. Embassies bomed,

Kenya and Tanzania

2001 Four airplanes hijacked and crashed, Washington, DC and New York City

Recent Terrorism1995-2001

eptember 11, 2001 was the deadliest terrorist attack in history. Osama Bin Laden’s terrorist organization Al Qaeda hijacked 4 commercial jets. Two of the planes were flown into the World Trade Center, another into the Pentagon, and the last plane crashed in rural Pennsylvania. Thousands of lives were lost. Innocent citizens of over 80 different nations were attacked and killed without warning, shocking the civilized world.

New York City

USA

Who are terrorists?

Terrorists can be anyone who believes in a cause strongly enough to commit violence to make a point.They can even be

your neighbor next door.

What can we do about Terrorism?

PREPARINGFOR

TERRORISM

NATIONAL SECURITYENEMY :-

TERRORISM

Terrorist Targets

• Military Facilities

• Government Facilities

• Large Cities

• International Airports

• Public Gatherings

• High-Profile Landmarks

Creating Fear Through

• Explosives

• Chemical

• Biological

• Nuclear

Improvised explosive device

Federal Bureau of Investigation image Radioactive material

storage drum

Department of Energy image

Preparing For Terrorism

1. Be Aware of Your Surroundings

2. Report to the Police Unusual Behavior,

Suspicious Packages, and Strange Devices

3. Leave an Area if it Does Not Seem Right

Preparing For Terrorism

4. Be Aware of Exits - Plan to Get Out!

5. Learn First Aid & Get a First Aid Kit

6. Be Familiar With Fire Extinguishers

The Guardian, 2001

HOW TO CREATE PEACE

• Beat The Bushes For Peace • Drop Bush, Not Bombs • Real Patriots Drive Hybrids • Make Love Not War • Nonviolence, Not Nonexistence • Love Is The Answer • Thou Shalt Not Steal -- Iraqi Oil And

Water

CONCLUSION

When we think of the major threats to our national security, the first to come to mind are nuclear proliferation, rogue states and global terrorism. But another kind of threat lurks beyond our shores, one from nature, not humans - an avian flu pandemic.

Barack Obama

" I was once asked why I don't participate in anti-war demonstrations.

I said that I will never do that, but as soon as you have a pro-peace rally, I'll be there."

Mother Teresa

Conclusion• Terrorism is unlawful act• Terrorism has a long history of being used to achieve

political, religious and ideological objectives• Terrorism can be conducted through firearms, explosive

devices and biological, chemical, nuclear materials • Therefore peace is a step to be taken crush the

empty can of terrorism which works in shade

of people through brutal killing of people to

meet their needs.

The End