Rice productivity improvement through broadening of genetic diversity and strategic seed systems Kayode Sanni, INGER-Africa Coordinator CORAF/WECARD Meeting.

Rice productivity improvement through Rice productivity improvement through broadening of genetic diversity and strategic broadening of genetic diversity and strategic

seed systemsseed systems

Kayode Sanni, Kayode Sanni,

INGER-Africa CoordinatorINGER-Africa Coordinator

CORAF/WECARD MeetingCORAF/WECARD Meeting24 May 2010, Marina Hotel, Cotonou24 May 2010, Marina Hotel, Cotonou

Outline of presentation

• Introduction

• Conservation of Rice Genetic Diversity

• Utilization and Broadening of Genetic Diversity

• Information Management to improve utilization of rice diversity

• Productivity Improvement through Seed systems

• Future Prospects

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

• Seed is a carrier of the genetic diversity that that is essential food and agriculture

• Seed is one of the primary factors for agricultural productivity

• important for food security and rural development

Paddy

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

The seed is very important because it is the hardware extension of our breeding programs.

Its production thus requires a special effort

Conservation of rice diversity at AfricaRiceConservation of rice diversity at AfricaRice

Focus on RiceOver 20,000 accessions(2,500 O. glaberrima)

Medium-term Conservation

Long-term Conservation

Accessible to partnersSafety back-up

Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA)

• Germplasm Intrust

• Exchange under the condition of SMTA of IT-PGRFA

• Multilateral access and benefit sharing

The MLS concept

The breeding process:many generations of “PGRFA under development” -

a “black box” for the Treaty

MLS germplasm: raw materials in the public domain

Final product:the improved commercialized variety that may trigger payments

INGER

Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA)

Outline of presentation

• Introduction

• Conservation of Rice Genetic Diversity

• Utilization and Broadening of Genetic Diversity

• Information Management to improve utilization of rice diversity

• Productivity Improvement through Seed systems

• Future Prospects

INGER-Africa participating countriesINGER-Africa participating countries

Increased genetic diversity at regional and national level

West Africa69.0%

ECS Africa 16.9%

Others14.1%

Share of distribution of about 60,000 germplasm between 1995 and 2010

Trends in INGER-promoted varieties vs. varieties released in West Africa

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Provide seeds of improved varieties to farmers under post conflict emergency programs (Cote D’Ivoire, Liberia, Sierra Leone).

Provide access to quality seeds by farmers for fast rehabilitation of production systems.

Agricultural rehabilitation (seed for life)

• Conflict can break out any time and anywhere in Africa

• Crisis prevention germplasm collection • D’Ivoire and Guinea in 2000• Burkina Faso, Niger and 2008 Sierra Leone 2008

• Comprehensive GIS data on collection sites guide restoration of germplasm

Preventive germplasm collection

Outline of presentation

• Introduction

• Conservation of Rice Genetic Diversity

• Utilization and Broadening of Genetic Diversity

• Information Management to improve utilization of rice diversity

• Productivity Improvement through Seed systems

• Future Prospects

Improved AfricaRice Genebank Information System Improved AfricaRice Genebank Information System ““Bar Code Technology”Bar Code Technology”

WAGISWAGISdatabasedatabase

Selection of Materials for label generation Label designing

Label Printing

LabellingScreenhouse Genebank

Decoding and transferring Information to server

Field

Outline of presentation

• Introduction

• Conservation of Rice Genetic Diversity

• Utilization and Broadening of Genetic Diversity

• Information Management to improve utilization of rice diversity

• Productivity Improvement by facilitating Seed systems

• Future Prospects

Project for Seed System Sustainability

• Multinational NERICA Dissemination Project (AfDB)

• Common Fund for Commodities

• Japan Emergency Seed Project

• USAID Famine Fund Project

Multinational NERICA Dissemination Project

• Contribute to poverty reduction and food security through the dissemination of high yielding upland rice NERICA varieties

• Seven Countries

Japan Emergency Seed Project

• Funded by Japan Govt towards

• Improving access to quality seed for poor resource farmers in Africa

• building a reliable rice data system• 20 countries

Common Fund for CommoditiesProject

• Improve on-farm rice productivity, quality and processing

• Improve the capacity of farmers in integrated production, processing and marketing operations;

• Strengthen the human and institutional capacity for promoting profitable rice production, processing and marketing.

• Project countries- Cameroon, Chad, Central African Republic

Emergency initiative to boost rice production”.

• Funded by USAID• Short-term (2years) intervention to:• Increase the use of high yielding rice varieties • Increase the use of improved farming methods through

training• Increase the use of fertilizers through use of

vouchers/coupons• Countries: Ghana, Mali, Nigeria and Senegal

Achievements up-to-date / SustainabilitySetting up fundaments for sustainable seed syst:

Equipment in basic threshing and seed processing machines

Breeder and Foundation seed Certified and Registered seed

Achievements up-to-date / Sustainability

Building partnership public – private sector

•Mauritania: Société Représentation et l’Industrie Agr. (SRIA)•Nigeria : Maslaha Seeds (Gusau), Seed Project (Kano) and Premier Seeds (Zaria)•Uganda: CIAL Uganda and NASECO Seed(registered seed)•Zambia : Zambia Seed company •Kenya: Western Seed company •Mozambique: GIVA Seed •Malawi : Seedco Malawi•Ethiopia: Ethiopian Seed Company (Parastatal)

•Tanzania: ASA- Agricultural seed agency

Capacity buildingCapacity building

Participants

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009Total

ARI PC ARI PC ARI PC ARI PC ARI PC ARI PC

Technicians 25 - 40 181 30 391 60 653 30 50 52 1 502

Farmers - - - 675 - 1587 80 4134 1296 7 772

Women - - - 260 - 823 30 1970 346 3 429

Processors - - - - - - 20 76 20 96

- Devlpt of appropriate seed strategies in each c-try:

Conv. and Alt. seed strateg. – QDS, CBSS (Promotion of Certified seed,

Controlled Seed, SAQ, integrating farmers’ endigenous knowledg,e etc)

Devlpt / Reinforct of Seed Boards (Regulations, Variety release, Catalogues of varieties, Advocacy role for access to credit, Installation of input shops, etc)

Future Prospects

- Capacity building:

Support to seed prod. (Breeder + Foundation)

Regional Training Center - Training of Inspectors +

Controllers- Training of Technicians + Seed

Producers

Future Prospects

Decentralization of seed certification- Training of AT and QCF- Support to the devlpt of decentralized

seed lab.

Devlpt of marketing and information delivery syst.

- Establishment of Cyber-Seed Centers- Promotion of quality labels- Collect and Dissem. of information on:

  .... Field dimensions, Productions, Quality, etc  .... Farmers’ needs (Inputs,….)

…. Prices, Traceability

Future Prospects

Thank you! Merci!

Center of Excellence for Rice Research