Argument
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Argument
The
Greeks
Rhetoric
Rhetoric
The ways we convince people to do, think, or say what we want
The Tree of Rhetoric
The Tree of Rhetoric
Logos
The Tree of Rhetoric
Logos
Pathos
The Tree of Rhetoric
Logos
Pathos
Ethos
Logical
Logos
Expert information: Finding expert opinions that are the same as ours
Dr. John Morgenstern, an expert on sleep and the brain at Brandeis University, notes that teenagers need 9.3 hours of sleep a day to function best.
Logos
Cause/Effect:
If we start school later, Students will learn more
Logos
Statistics:
45% of High school principals believe that school should start sooner
The Tree of RhetoricPathos
Emotional
EmotionalThe use of emotional argumentation to persuade and convince
EmotionalAppeals to Negative Emotions: Fear, Discrimination, Revenge
EmotionalAppeals to Negative Emotions: Fear, Discrimination, Revenge
Appeals to Positive Emotions: Love, Charity, Brotherhood
EmotionalAppeals to Negative Emotions: Fear, Discrimination, Revenge
Appeals to Positive Emotions: Love, Charity, Brotherhood
Use of Figurative Speech: metaphors, rhetorical questions, parallelism
Is Pathos more or lessEffective/Fair
than Logos in Argumenation?
The Tree of Rhetoric
Ethos
Credibility
Credibility
Persuading by convincing the audience that the speaker is worth listening to
Credibility
Trustworthiness
Credibility
Trustworthiness
Similarity
Credibility
Trustworthiness
Similarity
Special Knowledge
Credibility
Trustworthiness
Similarity
Special Knowledge
Expert Knowledge
Credibility
Trustworthiness
Similarity
Special Knowledge
Expert Knowledge:
Dr. Brainy von Braniac of Harvard University has recently written, “Schools that begin later have a much higher rate of college attendance and academic achievement.”
The Tree of Rhetoric
Emotional
Logical
Credibility
Classical GreekOratory
Classical Oration
Introduction (Exordium): beginning the web, draw interest
Narration (Narratio): factual info, define the problem
Confirmation (Confirmatio): detail about the arguments, the nuts and bolts of your case
Refutation (Refutatio): addresses counter-arguments, consider audience
Conclusion (Peroratio): satisfying close