Revolutionary War Prior Knowledge- Think of something that is not a right/not legal that you wish was legal. Why do you feel that right is not guaranteed?

Revolutionary War• Prior Knowledge- Think of something that is not a right/not legal that you wish was

legal. Why do you feel that right is not guaranteed? Why do you feel it should be a right/legal?

• Objectives- Students will understand – the basis of American rights

• Explain the rights Guaranteed in the Declaration of Independence– How people have the power to influence and change government to their

demands• Identify 3 individuals who made an extraordinary impact on the founding

of this nation and explain their contribution– Strategies and reasons why the US was able to defeat a stronger enemy in war.

• How was a weaker country able to defeat a stronger opponent?• Explain 2 difficulties the US had in winning the Revolutionary War.

– Outcomes of the Revolutionary War• Identify the original borders of the United States and explain why England

surrendered

2nd Continental Congress (May 1775)• Called in regards to what the

colonies should do after Lexington and Concord– Olive Branch Petition- asked

king to return to Benign Neglect before 1763

– Continental Army- created to protect American rights

• DO the colonies want independence?

Declaration of Independence- begins the United States and states basis of American rights

• Thomas Jefferson- author (33 yrs old)– Opening- states basis on Am. rights

• Inalienable Rights- life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness

Where did the Jefferson get this idea?

– John Locke/Natural Rights? Do all Americans have these rights?

Identify groups who have been denied these rights?

• Equality- “All men are created equal”• ?What does equality mean?

– Equality of opportunity– Second Section- grievances against the

king• Government’s power comes from the

people– Third Section- Independence

• Declaration of War

Fighting the War?How does a weaker country defeat a stronger country?Two Armies• US/General Washington- respected, popular, Virginian

– Think- Why was Washington selected as general?

– US-Defensive War-Why does the US not have to attack?• Guerilla Warfare- hit and run tactics

– Avoid Major Battles– Drag the war on till England Quits

– England- strongest army and navy in world, hire mercenaries (Hessians)

• Who has the advantage fighting the war? US or Eng? Explain

• British/Conventional War- Major Battles, Control Cities, Divide Colonies

• ?Why is England’s strategy set up to fail?• Am. avoids battles (guerilla warfare, 4 cities in colonies,

97% is wilderness, colonies already divided

Major Events• Battle of Saratoga- 1st major battle US wins

(shows US could win the war with some help)– What country would like to “punk” England

and ally w. US?• French Alliance?Why did the French want to ally

themselves with the US?Get back at England for losing Fr/Ind. War

• Valley Forge- thousands of Americans die in their winter camp due to starvation, cold, and disease– Why are the English not dying and starving??Why is the worst event in the Revolutionary

War significant in helping the American cause?Shows that Americans not ready to quit

• Yorktown- ends Rev. War (Cornwallis surrenders to Washington)

Revolutionary War• Prior Knowledge- Cross check the following questions for the correct answer in

your Insights– Questions 2, 3, 7, 8

• Objectives- Students will understand – the basis of American rights

• Explain the rights Guaranteed in the Declaration of Independence– How people have the power to influence and change government to their

demands• Identify individuals who made an extraordinary impact on the founding of

this nation and explain their contribution– Strategies and reasons why the US was able to defeat a stronger enemy in war.

• How was a weaker country able to defeat a stronger opponent?• Explain the difficulties the US had in winning the Revolutionary War.

– Outcomes of the Revolutionary War• Identify the original borders of the United States and why England

surrendered

ID- Battle of Bunker Hill (p 142)Summary 1- Why was the Battle of Bunker Hill a moral victory for the

AmericansShowed that Americans were willing to fight against British Army

-OI Bunker Hill and Hessians Hirelings1) How did the Americans lose at Bunker Hill?

They ran out of ammunition (gun powder)Why is Bunker Hill an important moment in the Revolutionary War?

OBP- stated the colonies wanted a return to Benign Neglect (return to the way things were before 1763, did not want independence)

2) What was the purpose of the Olive Branch Petition?Avoid fighting, seek peace3) Why did the King of England ignore the Olive Branch Petition?Battle of Bunker Hill proved to king that the colonies wanted warAre the colonies ready to fight a war? Explain?

ID- In Common Sense, Thomas Paine (excerpt) P 143Summary 2- What is the problem with Monarchy? (Rule by a king)

Gov is corrupt and too much powerPaine is trying to convince Americans to seek independence-OI- Thomas Paine Preaches Common Sense

4) Who wrote Common Sense?Thomas Paine

5) How many copies did it sell?120,000

6) What was one of the author’s arguments?Monarchy is a bad form of governmentAmericans are not English, stop trying to beOld World vs. New World- it’s corrupt, America land of opportunity

What kind of effect do you think Paine’s ideas will have on American colonists? What kind of impact is he trying to create?

ID- American signers of the Declaration of Independence (p 146)Summary 3- Why should the signers of the Declaration of Independence be afraid?

Treason (could be hung/ executed)-OI- Jefferson’s “Explanation of Independence”

7) When was the Dec. of Ind. Approved?July 4, 1776

8) What was the basis of American rights in the Dec. of Ind?Natural RightsInalienable Rights (Life, Liberty, Pursuit of Happiness)Equality (All men created equal)

Are all people equal? What does equality mean?

9) Identify one of the misdeeds by the King and explain how that violates American rights?Imposing taxes without right to voteEnding trial by juryEstablishing military dictatorshipCutting off trade

Identify 1 act that correlates to each misdeed?

ID- N.Y. Patriots Pull Down the Statue of King George III (p 150)Summary- How did the Patriots put the statue of King George to good use?

Turned the statue into bullets-OI- Patriots and Loyalists10) Define Loyalist and Patriot

Loyalist- loyal to king/EnglandPatriot- USA, wanted independence

What is the major problem Americans need to sort out if they want to win this war?

Will Americans fight? 40% of Americans loyal to King, 20% don’t care

11) How did British troops manage to control areas of the colonies?With a massive military presence (large Army to control people)12) What groups were more likely to stay loyal to England?People who owed their wealth to connections w. EnglandWar begins in New England, moves to Middle Colonies, ends in Southern Colonies (Eng. Felt Southerners could not take guns away from slaves)

The Reconciliation (p 160)Summary 5- How is this painting similar and different from the painting on P124

Same characters, rather than fighting they are making upWhat are they saying to each other?

-OI- Peace at Paris13) Who were the three American negotiators at Paris?

John Adams, John Jay, Benjamin Franklin

14) Explain the borders in the N,S, and W of the US?N- CanadaS- Florida (goes to Spain)W- Miss River

15) Think- Why do you feel that England was so generous to the US with the Treaty of Paris?England was afraid the US would become friends with France, England wanted to keep good relations so trade would continue, and Eng. Figured the US would fail and come back to English Empire