Revision

Revision1. What does the term “arid” mean?2. Draw the water cycle. Include:• Precipitation• Transpiration• Evaporation• Infiltration• Run off• Condensation3. What is groundwater?4. What is an aquifer?5. Where is the Great Artesian Basin?6. What is the Great Artesian Basin?7. What is the water from the GAB used for?8. What concerns farmers and environmentalists about the GAB?9. Define the following words:• Meander• Channel• Estuary• Watershed• Tributary• Billabong/Cut-off• Distributaries• Floodplain

Rivers out of Balance

System

• Living things: animals, plants.• Non living things: rocks, sediment (soil/dirt),

water• Landforms: all the parts of the river that we

learnt• Nutrients: tiny chemical things that give life to

animals and plants but can also harm animals and plants.

Input

Stuff going into the river• Living things – plants, animals.

• Non-living things – sediment (dirt), rocks, water• Human things – chemical pollution from farms,

households and factories, rubbish, things from recreational activities.• Oxygen

Outputs

• Stuff coming out of the river:• Living things – plants, animals.• Non-living things – animal and plant

waste products.• Carbon dioxide

Water quality

• The health of a water system, such as river.

Divert

• The special place where animals and plants can survive.

• To change the direction of the flow of the river.

Habitats

Salinity

• When salt rises from the ground and comes to the surface. This can happen in a river system or on the land.

Irrigation

• Supplying water to help plants to grow. • Diverting rivers to farms to grow crops.

River Red Gums

• Eucalypt species special to Australia and special to the Murray River region.

• Threatened by the inputs which are putting rivers out of balance.

Sediment

• Plant and animal waste. E.g. Animal poo, feathers, branches, leaves.

Debris

• Soil, dirt and rocks that comes off the land and is carried by the river.

Artificial

• Man made.

Algal Blooms• A simple aquatic (water) plant.• When algae blooms it means it grows quickly and thickly.

Dams, weirs, reservoirs

• Water systems that are built to allow irrigation to happen or to store water in.

Carp

• Introduced species (feral) from Europe.• Destroy the habitats of native fish.• Breed (spawn) at very fast rates.