PRACTICAL REVISION
PRACTICAL REVISION
Scheme for slides
With background Without background
Brown Blue Red
Organism Gram +ve cocci Organism Gram -ve
Schemes for slides
With background Without background
Gram positive cocci Gram positive bacilli Gram negative
AND MIXTURES
Staphylococci in culture
Staphylococci in culture
Staphylococci in pus
Staphylococci in Pus
Streptococci in culture
Streptococci in culture
Streptococci in Pus
Streptococci in pus
S. pyogenes
Streptococci in pus
Pneumococci in tissue
Pneumococci in tissue
Pneumococci in tissue
Quellung reaction (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
Neisseria in culture
Pathogenic Neisseria in pus
Pathogenic Neisseria in pus
Pathogenic Neisseria in pus
Corynebacterium diphtheriae (Gram stain)
Corynebacterium diphtheriae (M.B. stain)
Corynebacterium diphtheriae (M.B. stain)
Diphtheroids
Bacillus anthracis(Gram stain)
Bacillus anthracis(Gram stain)
B. anthracis(Spore stain)
B. anthracis(Spore stain)
B. anthracis McFadyean reaction(polychrome MB stain)
Clostridium tetani
Clostridium tetani
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Acid Fast bacilli Z-N stain)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Acid Fast bacilli Z-N stain)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Acid Fast bacilli Z-N stain)
Mycobacterium leprae (Acid Fast bacilli with modified Z-N stain)
Mycobacterium leprae (Acid Fast bacilli with modified Z-N
stain)
Gram negative bacilli
Klebsiella in Tissues
Vibrio
Vibrio
Vibrio
Gram negative bacilli & Staphylococci
Mixture
Gram negative bacilli & Staphylococci
Mixture
Spirochaetes (Dark-field microscopy)
Spirochaetes(Fontana stain)
Spirochaetes (fontana stain)
Vincent’s angina
Candida
Candida
Mixture: Candida & Gram –ve bacilli
Mixture: Candida & Gram –ve bacilli
C. albicans(Positive Germ Tube test)
C. albicans
(Positive Germ Tube test)
Nutrient agar
Staphylococcus aureus on nutrient agar( showing golden yellow endopigment )
Staphylococcus aureus on nutrient agar( showing golden yellow endopigment )
Pseudomonas aeruginosa on nutrient agar(showing greenish exopigment)
Proteus on nutrient agar(showing swarming growth)
Proteus on nutrient agar(showing swarming growth)
Mannitol salt agar
Mannitol salt agar
Blood agar
Types of haemolysis on Blood agar
Alpha-haemolysis on blood agar
Beta-haemolysis on blood agar
No-haemolysis on blood agar
Bacitracin test
Streptococi other than group A
Bacitracin test
Streptococci other than group A (Resistant)
group A streptococci (Sensitive)
Optochin test
Optochin test
Sensitive (Pneumococci)
Resistant (Viridans streptococci)
Optochin test (sensitive) Pneumococci
Optochin test (resistant) Viridans streptococci
Corynebacterium diphtheriae on Blood Tellurite
Corynebacterium diphtheriae on Blood Tellurite
Loffler’s serumfor C. diphtheriae
Chocolate agarfor Neisseria and Haemophilus
Haemophilus or Neisseria on chocolate agar
Haemophilus influenzae on blood agar showing satellatism
(growth around staphylococcus culture)
Haemophilus influenzae (growth only around both factors X & V)
xv
Lowenstein Jensen mediumfor M. tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis on Lowenstein Jensen medium
M. tuberculosis on L.J. medium
Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) (Positive tubes 1, 5 & 6)
1 2 3 4 5 6
Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT)
Positive fluorescenceNegative
fluorescence
MacConkey’s medium
Lactose & Non-lactose fermenter on MacConkey’s medium
Lactose fermenter on MacConkey’s medium
Lactose fermenters on MacConkey’s medium
Klebsiella (mucoid & LF) on MacConkey’s medium
Lactose non-fermenter on MacConkey’s medium
Lactose non-fermenter on MacConkey’s medium
Salmonella on Salmonella-Shigella (S-S) agar
T.C.B.S. medium
Vibrio cholerae on T.C.B.S.
Blood culture technique
1
2
35 – 10 ml blood
Added to 50 – 100 ml fluid medium
Subculture on Solid medium
Candle Jar ( 5 – 10% CO2)
Candle Jar ( 5 – 10% CO2)
Cooked meat medium for anaerobic cultivation
Anaerobic Jar
Anaerobic Jar
Triple sugar iron( TSI )
TSILactose Fermenter + gase.g. E. coli, Klebsiella
Glucose Fermentere.g.Shigella, Salmonella
Glucose Fermenter + H2Se.g.Salmonella
Non-fermentere.g. Pseudomonas
TSI
Lf +gase.g.E.coli,Kleb
NLe.g.Ps
TSI gg Gl fere.g.Sal,Shig
gl-ferm+H2Se.g.Salmonella
TSI
Non fermenter e.g. Pseudomonas
Lactose ferm + gase.g. E. coli, Klebsiella
Glucose fermentere.g.Shigella, Salmonella
Glucose fermenter + H2Se.g.Salmonella
Glucose Fermenter +H2S e.g.Salmonella
Urease test
-ve +vee.g. Proteus
Catalase Test
e.g Staphylococci
e.g.Streptococci
Catalase Test
e.g Staphylococci
e.g.Streptococci
Coagulase Test
Staphylococcus aureus
Coagulase negative staphylococci, e.g. S. epidermidis
Coagulase test
Staphylococcus aureus Coagulase negative staphylococci, e.g. S. epidermidis
Oxidase test
Oxidase positivee.g. Neisseria, Pseudomonas
Oxidase test
Oxidase positivee.g. Neisseria, Pseudomonas
Oxidase test
+ ve - ve
Oxidase positivee.g. Neisseria, Pseudomonas
Indole test
- vee.g. Klebsiella
+ vee.g. E.coli
MR & VP tests
MR test VP test
-ve +ve
Citrate test
B.R. of E. coli
I M V C + + - - TSI
MR VP Indole Citrate
B.R. of Klebsiella
I M V C - - + + TSI
VP
Nagler’s Reaction(Clostridium perfringens)
Antitoxin No antitoxin
Nagler’s Reaction (Clostridium perfringens)
Analytical Profile Index (API)Biochemical identification system
Analytical Profile Index (API) Biochemical identification system
Analytical Profile Index (API) Biochemical identification system
String Test (Positive in Vibrio cholerae)
String Test (Positive in Vibrio cholerae)
Tube agglutination test(Titre:1/320)
TITRE
1/20 1/40 1/80 1/160 1/320 1/640 1/1280 - ve control
Brucella tube agglutination test showing prozone phenomenon
(Titre:1/320)
TITRE
1/20 1/40 1/80 1/160 1/320 1/640 1/1280 - ve control
Widal Test (Recent infection with S. typhi) (Titre:1/320)
O
HCT
CPA
CPB
C
1/20 1/40 1/80 1/160 1/320 1/640 1/1280
H
H
Widal Test (Old infection with S. typhi)
O
HCT
CPA
CPB
C
1/20 1/40 1/80 1/160 1/320 1/640 1/1280
H
H
Widal Test (Post vaccination)
O
HCT
CPA
CPB
C
1/20 1/40 1/80 1/160 1/320 1/640 1/1280
H
H
Latex Agglutination Test (A: Positive)
Latex agglutination Test (2 & 4: Positive )
Single radial immunodiffusion
Single radial immunodiffusion
Elek’s Test
Toxigenic C. diphtheriae Non-toxigenic C. diphtheriae
Elek’s Test
Immunofluorescence
Immunofluorescence
ELISA plate
ELISA plate
Tuberculin Skin Test (TST)
Positive
Antibiotic sensitivity (Disc diffusion)
12
3
6
54
The organism is sensitive to 4, 5 & 6
Resistant to 1, 2 & 3
Antibiotic sensitivity (Disc diffusion)
Sensitive to………… Resistant to………..
E-Test (MIC determination)
E-Test (MIC determination)
Phage-typing
1 2
3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18
19 20
The organism is sensitive to phages 4, 5, 6,……..etc.
Gel Electrophoresis DNA Marker 1 2 3 4 5 6
Gel Electrophoresis
Gel Electrophoresis
Western Blot For diagnosis of HIV
Sterile Cotton Swab
Sterile cup
for collection of urine & sputum specimens
Sterile Gloves For surgery & invasive procedures
Non- Sterile Gloves
For skin protection against blood & body fluids
Heavy-Duty Gloves
For environmental cleaning
Standard mask
Used for protection against droplet infections
N95 mask
Used for protection against airborne infections e.g, M.tuberculosis
For protection against splashes of blood or body fluids
Aprons and Gowns
Eye Goggles
For protection against splashes of blood or body fluids
Rota virus (wheel-like appearance)
Rabies virus (bullet-shaped)
Coronavirus (crown-like surface projection)
Tissue culture bottlefor cultivation of viruses
Plaques in a cell-monolayer
Examples of data show Exams
Choose a test
Choose and name the test used to detect microbial antigen.
ab
c d
a: Slide agglutination test
Choose a medium
Choose & name the selective medium used for isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
D: Lowenstein-Jensen medium
Infection Control
Infection control The most important PPE when dealing with patients having diarrhoea is:
173
a.
c.
b.
d.
d: Non-sterile gloves
Final Practical
Examination
Final Practical Examination
NO Mobile Phones are allowed in the department (waiting rooms & exam. halls)
Practical exam. : Total 43 marks
Composed of 2 parts:
• Part 1: 13 marks• Part 2: 30 marks
Part 1: Demonstration: Data show (total 13 Marks)
Formed of: 3 different photos (3 marks/ 1 mark each) ANY photo included in the modified revision CD (version 2014) 2 Choose a test 2 Choose a medium 1 Infection control 5 Photos
Part 2: Demonstrations (total 30 Marks)Formed of 15 different stations (2 marks each) In case of a) microscopical slides: mention organism + stain b) plain culture media: mention name + use c) inoculated culture media: mention name + the organism/effect d) biochemical reactions: mention result + organism e) serological test: mention name + result/titer f) others: mention name + reading (e.g. phage-typing)
Name: Date: No: Microbiology Practical Exam
• 1)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..• 2)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..• 3)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..• 4)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..• 5)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..• 6)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..• 7)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..• 8)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..• 9)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..• 10)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………• 11)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………• 12)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………• 13)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………• 14)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………• 15)……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 30 Marks (2 marks each)