Review of small ruminants value chain impact pathways developed for Ethiopia

Review of small ruminants value chain impact pathways

developed for Ethiopia

Barbara Rischkowsky (ICARDA)

Livestock and Fish Small Ruminant Change Pathway Validation WorkshopAddis Ababa, Ethiopia,

3-4 March 2015

THE CORE PROBLEM

THE

CAUSES

Insufficient feed resources (climate

and land availability)

Poorly developed

markets

Lack of effective policies and institutions

Feed shortage and/or utilization

Lack of research and technology

transfer

WHOLE VALUE CHAIN

INPUTS & SERVICES PRODUCTION MARKETINGPROCESSING CONSUMPTION

High morbidity and mortality

High market pricesLow income of VC actors Food insecurity

Malnutrition Hidden hungerPovertyTHE IMPACT

Degradation of resource

base

Lack of knowledge and skills in SR management

Poor performance of sheep and goat value chains

ASF quality and safety

Inadequate input supplies

Weak linkages between producers and markets

Disease pressure

Problem statement

Objective: to improve the performance of sheep and goat meat value chains in Ethiopia and in doing so to improve livelihoods, incomes and assets, particularly of women,

through increased productivity, reduced risk and improved market access along the value chain.

Vision: By 2023, people in Ethiopia benefit from equitable, sustainable and efficient sheep and goat value chains: their

animals are more productive, livestock markets work for producers, consumers and business, there are more, more affordable and healthier small ruminant products, and the livelihoods and capacities of people involved in the whole

chain are improved.”

Objective and vision

Intermediate outcomes• Priority VC constraints lessened or resolved• Partnerships with major stakeholders established and

additional investments aligned• Herd productivity increased by 25% (measured as increase

in offtake (proportion of animals (kg) sold or consumed in a year of total animals (kg) kept)

Ultimate outcomes (after scaling phase)• 7000 SR producing households at seven sites participate in

the program • Farmers and other value chain actors have increased

access to livestock inputs and outputs services • Increase in annual sheep and goat meat production of 250

tonnes for urban and export markets

VC Outcomes

The suggested key interventions areas

Need based capacity building of extension agents and producers on SR management (input supply and production)

Animal Health (input supply and production): Diagnostic and epidemiological studies for key diseases, assessment of

economics, capacity building of producers

Delivery services: delivery of quality vaccines, and drugs, organizing delivery of sustainable services

Feeding (input supply and production) – plus other production issues Site specific interventions based on available feed resources (adapted forages or

shrubs, efficient utilization of crop residues, improved fattening)

Organization/Institutional Interventions related to marketing: Strengthening/Establishing producer marketing cooperatives

Multi stakeholders platform to identify the major bottlenecks, find common solutions and create market linkages between producers and other actors including awareness of market demands

Providing market actors, in particular producers, with up-to-date market price information

Processing Capacity building on transport, slaughtering, safe preparation and handling of ASF

The proposed four main impact pathways

• Innovative approaches to increase the capacity of small ruminants value chain actors,

• Innovative models for developing small ruminants value chains markets and institutions,

• Efficient and sustainable strategies for improving small ruminants health,

• Efficient and sustainable strategies for boosting small ruminant production and supply.

Innovative

models for

facilitating

local farmer

groups access

to credit PR

OG

RA

M O

UT

PU

TIM

MED

IATE

OU

TC

OM

ES

INTERMEDIATE OUTCOMES

Efficient

models for

delivering

informatio

n and

training

Models for

linking extension

systems with

Agricultural and

Market

Information

systems (AMIS)

Increased household income

CH

AN

GE

IN K

NO

WLE

DG

E, A

TTIT

UD

E A

ND

PR

AC

TIC

ES

Innovative and

sustainable

multi-

stakeholder

organizations

for sharing

knowledge,

experience and

evidence

Improved market

participation of

actors

Enhanced value

chain actors’ access

to financial

resources

Strategies for

linking

universities and

research

institutions to

private, public

and non-

governmental

extension

systems

Innovative

strategies

for

fostering

farmers

group

formation

Embeddi

ng

extension

delivery

in

business

planning

modules

Improved

animal

productivity

Improved capacity of

extension providers

Enhanced value

chain actors’

access market

orientation

Efficient

and

sustainab

le

farmer-

hub

models

Strengthened linkages

between value chain

actors

Impact pathway 1: Innovative approaches for increasing the capacity of value chain actors

Value chain actors’

knowledge base

increased

Innovative and

efficient input

delivery

enterprisesPR

OG

RA

M O

UT

PU

T

IMM

EDIA

TEO

UTC

OM

ES

INTERMEDIATE OUTCOMES

Methodology to develop

innovative institutional

arrangements

Increased household

income

CH

AN

GE

IN K

NO

WLE

DG

E, A

TTIT

UD

E A

ND

PR

AC

TIC

ES

Evidence generated on

market integration and

price volatility

Improved delivery of and

access to livestock inputs

and services

Innovative institutional

arrangements that

increase market

participation

Improved animal

productivity

Enhanced bargaining

power

Better profit margins

Improved household nutrition

Increased market

participation

Increased access to small

ruminants meat/increased

supply of small ruminants

meat

Impact pathway 2: Innovative models for developing the value chains markets and institutions

Innovative

models for

delivering

veterinary

inputs and

services

PR

OG

RA

M O

UT

PU

TIM

ME

DIA

TE

OU

TC

OM

ES

INTERMEDIATE OUTCOMES

Research on

vaccines for

major

diseases

Increased household income

CH

AN

GE

IN

KN

OW

LE

DG

E,

AT

TIT

UD

E A

ND

PR

AC

TIC

ES

Evidence of the

Epidemiology and

diagnosis of major

diseases using

recognized

epidemiology

approaches

Improved access to

new/improved

technologies/innovations

Innovative

strategies for

building the

capacity of public

and private

Community Animal

Health Workers

(CAHWs)

Improved animal

productivity

Profitable production of

sheep and goats

Efficient and

sustainable strategies

to support the

regulation and

monitoring of

veterinary inputs and

service delivery

Adoption of effective

and sustainable

vaccines and disease

control programs

Access to high

quality

veterinary inputs

and services

Improved access

to veterinary

inputs and

services

Increased adoption of

new/improved

technologies/innovations

Reduced disease prevalence

and mortality

Impact Pathway 3: Efficient and sustainable strategies for improving small ruminants’ animal health

Appropriate and

localized breeding

programmes PR

OG

RA

M O

UTP

UT

IMM

EDIA

TE

OU

TCO

MES

INTERMEDIATE OUTCOMES

Tested animal husbandry practices including

feed development and feeding practices

Increased household income

CH

AN

GE

IN K

NO

WLE

DG

E, A

TTIT

UD

E

AN

DP

RA

CTI

CES

Improved capacity of farmers

to select animals with high

productivity potential

Farmers own genetically

superior and locally

adapted animal

Adoption of improved feeding

practices and other animal husbandry

Better feed

efficiency

Enhanced farmers focus on

producing quality animals and

products

Increased supply of quality

sheep and goat meat

Improved animal

productivity

Better household

nutrition

Impact pathway 4: Efficient and sustainable strategies for boosting small production and supply of small ruminants meat

Underlying Assumptions

• Addressing whole value chains will improve uptake of innovations

• Work on localized solution will generate regional and global public goods

• Significant numbers of poor smallholders can become market oriented through intensifying small ruminants production

• Pro-poor development of small ruminants value chains can generate sufficient incentives to promote investment

• The poor will consume more goat and sheep meat if availability of these products improves

• Higher household incomes will lead to improved nutrition for all household members

• The program will generate significant interest to stimulate investment and buy-in of partners

• Identifying and working with right partners will ensure impact at scale

• The program will generate convincing evidence to influence positive policy towards the sector

CGIAR is a global partnership that unites organizations engaged in research for a food secure future. The CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish aims to increase the productivity of small-scale livestock and fish systems in sustainable ways, making meat, milk and fish more available and affordable across the developing world.

CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish

livestockfish.cgiar.org