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Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics
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Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

Apr 17, 2015

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Page 1: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

Review of Modern Physics

Quantum Mechanics

Page 2: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

Particle-wave duality

• Blackbody radiation

• The photo-electric effect

• The Bohr model

• Electrons diffraction

Page 3: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

Blackbody radiation

• Max Plank (1901) - emissão de múltiplos inteiros de energia

Spectral density:

Page 4: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

The photo-electric effect

Page 5: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

The photo-electric effect

• Lenard (1899) – emissão de partículas negativas

• (1902) – foi observado, que há emissão só quando a frequência é assima de um certo valor e Ec aumenta com a frequência

• Einstein (1905) – luz é uma partícula com energia

Page 6: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

The Bohr model (1913)

Page 7: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

Compton effect (1923)

Page 8: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

Electrons Diffraction

• De Broglie (1924) postulou, que corpos materiais podem assumir comportamento ondulatório.

• Davidson and Germer (1927) – difração de elétrons em cristal de níquel.

Page 9: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

• Ondas e partículas

• Princípo de incerteza de Heisenberg

• Postulados da Mecânica Quântica

• Operadores de energia e momento

• Equação de Schrödinger

Page 10: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

Aplicações simples da MQ

• Poço infinito

• Barreira de potencial

• Tunelamento

• Poço finito

Page 11: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

Poço infinito

B=0

Page 12: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

Poço infinito

Page 13: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

Barreira de potencial

Page 14: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

Tunelamento

Page 15: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

Poço finito

Page 16: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

Poço finito

Page 17: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

Elétrons em cristais

• Modelo de Kronig-Penney

• Bandas de energia em cristais

• Massa efetiva

• Distribuição de Fermi-Dirac

Page 18: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

Modelo de Kronig-Penney

Page 19: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.
Page 20: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.
Page 21: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.
Page 22: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.
Page 23: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.
Page 24: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.
Page 25: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.
Page 26: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.
Page 27: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.
Page 28: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

Massa efetiva

Page 29: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.

Distribuição de Fermi-Dirac

Page 30: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.
Page 31: Review of Modern Physics Quantum Mechanics. Particle-wave duality Blackbody radiation The photo-electric effect The Bohr model Electrons diffraction.