Review for Test on Progressives HW: Study – Essay on Friday Multiple Choice on Monday
Dec 25, 2015
Review for Test on Progressives
HW: Study – Essay on Friday
Multiple Choice on Monday
Goal of the Progressives Strong government could correct abuses
and protect rights of the people.
Muckraker Journalists who exposed the problems in
society as a result of industrialization.
Muckrakers
Ida Tarbell“History of Standard Oil”
Ruthless business practices of Standard Oil
Lincoln Steffens“The Shame of the Cities”
Urban political corruption
Jacob Riis“How the Other Half Lives”
Life in New York’s tenements
Upton Sinclair“The Jungle”
Dangerous conditions in meatpacking industry
Identify: William “Boss” Tweed – corrupt political
boss – Tammany Hall – stole millions from NY
Thomas Nast – cartoonist – drew Tweed Wilson, Roosevelt, and Taft – Progressive
Presidents Carrie Nation – leader in Prohibition
Identify: Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony –
suffragists – fought for women’s right to vote. W.E.B. DuBois – fought for equality among
African Americans, NAACP – fight actively Booker T. Washington – fought for equality
among African Americans, Tuskegee University. Learn a trade work way up to gain economic equality.
Define: Initiative: People could suggest legislation Referendum: People would vote on legislation Recall: People could have leaders removed from
office Direct Primary - allows voters, rather than party
leaders, to select candidates to run for office. Suffragists – campaign for the right to vote
Identify: 17th Amendment – Direct election of
senators 19th Amendment – Women’s right to vote
Good vs. Bad Trusts Bad trusts hurt the consumer Bad trusts do not allow for competition
Describe: Pennsylvania Coal Strike:
Ask for better pay in PennsylvaniaSchools and hospitals run out of coal for heatOwners refuse to negotiate with the miners unionRoosevelt threatens to send troops to open the mines.
Northern Securities Company Suit brought against big business Roosevelt continued to fight businesses
that were hurting the consumers
Interstate Commerce Act Set up to stop railroad abuses such as
pools and rebates.
Hepburn Act Strengthened the ICC
Sherman Anti-Trust Act Prohibited monopolies by declaring illegal
any business combination or trust.
Pure Food and Drug Act Act required food and drug makers to list all
ingredients on their packages Tries to end false advertising and the use of
impure ingredients.
Meat Inspection Act Influenced by The Jungle It forces meat packers to open their doors
to federal inspectors.
Federal Reserve System To regulate banking.
Federal Trade Commission investigate companies to stop using unfair
business practices.
Essay Reasons for Reform
1) Monopolies restricted competition2) Labor unrest3) Unhealthy and unsafe living and working
conditions4) Large numbers of “new Immigrants” crowding
the cities5) Urban poverty, crime, congestion, and poor
sanitation6) Political corruption at all levels of government
Who were the Progressives? Americans who wanted to deal with the
problems. Many different movements Goals:
Abuses of power by government and business could be stopped.
Strong government could correct abuses and protect rights of the people.
Cities and Settlement Houses An attempt to end the poverty, crowding
and disease in American cities. Important info to include:
Jacob Riis Settlement house Hull House Jane Addams
Temperance and Prohibition Temperance -Opposed the use of alcoholic
beverages, began in 1820s Prohibition – outlawing the manufacture
and sale of alcoholic beverages. Important info to include:
Women’s Christian Temperance Union Carrie A. Nation 18th Amendment
Women’s Rights Suffrage for women was the main goal of the feminist movement in the Progressive Era.
They felt they could correct various social problems.
Important info to include: Elizabeth Cady Stanton Susan B. Anthony Seneca Falls Convention Declaration of Sentiments 19th Amendment
Rights of African Americans Decades after Civil War were difficult times for
African Americans. Laws prevented them from exercising their rights -
Jim Crow laws. Booker T. Washington – urged African Americans
to learn a vocation to establish themselves economically.
W.E.B. DuBois – rejected accommodation – African Americans should protest unfair treatment.
Progressivism at State levels State- progressives wanted to limit the
power of boss-controlled political machines. Secret ballot Initiative Referendum Recall Direct primary
Progressivism at National Level Roosevelt, Taft and Wilson – progressive
presidents Roosevelt –
Pure Food and Drug Act Meat Inspection Act Square Deal – business regulation, labor conditions, and
conservation Trustbuster – Northern Securities Case Strengthen ICC l- Hepburn Act – set railroad rates Labor – Coal Strike Conservation
Taft Standard Oil Company – the monopoly had to be
dissolved. Mann –Elkins Act – ICC power to regulate
telephone and telegraph 16th Amendment – graduated income tax Payne Aldrich Act – set higher tariff rates
Wilson New Freedom Lowered tariff Federal Reserve Board – regulate money supply Federal Trade Commission 19th amendment