Review for Cell Test This information will be on the test
Dec 25, 2015
2 Basic Types of Cells
• 1. Prokaryotes (bacteria)– Small cells (generally single celled organisms)– Simple cells
• No nucleus• Lacking internal membrane-bound structures
• 2. Eukaryotes (animal, plant, fungi, protists)– Bigger cells (either single celled or made up of many cells)– More complex cells
• Have a nucleus• Containing membrane-bound structures
Cell Theory
• 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells
• 2. The cell is the basic unit of organization of organisms
• 3. All cells come from preexisting cells
Cell Membrane (plasma membrane)Check drawing and outline from class
• Separates the inside from the outside of the cell and is selectively permeable – Only lets select materials in/out– Maintains homeostasis
• Made of:– Phospholipid Bilayer– Cholesterol
• Keeps fatty acids tails from sticking
– Carbohydrates• Stick out of cell and used as an identity marker
– Transport Proteins• Transports materials in/out of cell
Extracellular Face – Side that faces outward
Intracellular Face – Side that faces cytoplasm
Outside of cell
Inside of cell
Determine which cell is in a hyper-, hypo-, and isotonic solution. Check Hand – Outs and Notes
A B C
Side A and B have same volume
Side A is a 1.0 M glucose solution, Side B is pure water.
Solvent Permeable Membrane
(Only lets water through)
What would the equation be? Where would most of the water flow?
Parts of the microscope
Eye PieceObjective Lens
Stage
Diaphragm(regulates light intensity)Fine
Adjustment
Course Adjustment
Cell Parts • Cell Parts and Functions
– Nucleus – Holds DNA and is control center– Ribosomes – Make Protein– Golgi Apparatus – Packages / Sorts Protein– Mitochondria – Provides Energy for Cells– Vacuole – Stores material like water– Cell Membrane – Controls what enters / leaves cell– Cell Wall – Support / Protects Plant Cells– Chloroplast – Captures light to give plants energy– Lysosomes – Break down waste / Digest cell parts– Endoplasmic Reticulum – Transports Proteins– Cytoplasm – Jelly like fluid inside of cell
Anaphase• Centromeres split
apart and the sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell