Review EUROnu, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner1 Elena Wildner, CERN, For WP4 1 2010-06-04.

Review EUROnu, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner 1

Elena Wildner, CERN, For WP4

12010-06-04

2010-06-04 2Review EUROnu, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner 2

The EUROnu scenariiB = ~6 T, C = ~6900 m, Lss= ~2500 m

= 100

BASELINE

2010-06-04 3Review EUROnu, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

EUROnu “news”

3

We can now produce enough18Ne ! Low-Q option feasible now, if experimentally confirmed (planned)

Enough antineutrino emitters (6He and 8Li ) can be produced EUROnu proposal for production 8Li/8B very difficult

Indirect kinematics gas jet target not (yet) a possible option Modifications in 8Li/8B production scenario

Direct kinematics case with liquid 3He investigated Not same acceleration scheme as EURISOL FP6

Not fully stripped ions at ECR exit efficiencies lower & RFQs to redo SPS RF has to be investigated Decay Ring re-design (collective effects, optimization for higher nu-rates)

5-10 times more useful neutrinos needed for high-Q isotopes Important work on collective effects (redesign of decay ring…)

Impedances “scaled” from existing machines Stability at limit, remedies investigated

Radiation (may not scale, but certainly > 3 times) Cocktail approach (WP6) SPS may have difficulties (instabilities)

Milestones


4.1 Baseline Beta-Beam scenario 4 12 Documentation

reviewed

4.2 Design of collection device 4 15 Drawings qualified by external expert

4.3 Lattice frozen for production ring 4 18 Optics qualified by

external expert

4.4 New decay ring optics for 8Li and 8B 4 21 Optics qualified by

external expert

6He and 18Ne, new DR design, new RFQs, parameters have not changed significantly

Collection device is designed and assembled, test on collected yields ongoing

Basic lattice exists, 6D simulations tool in place, cooling simulations will tune the lattice

Deacy ring optics done also for B and Li. Needs adjustments to lower eta (collective effects)We have in addition a new decay ring design giving some extra 10% in neutrino flux.

WP Month

4.5 Interim report on reaction channels, collimation and magnet protection

4 24 Report reviewd

For 8Li reaction channels are studied, report on EUROnu site. Magnet protection partly studied (report on web) collimation still not studied.

Milestones (contd & Deliverables)


6.3 Scenarios for the B and Li Beta Beams 6,4 24 Report

reviewed

6.4 Physics performance of all facilities with update of fluxes

6,5,4 24 Report reviewed

Results from the barrier bucket study, (B and Li) with very high intensities in the decay ring that we (WP4) have not yet confirmed by calculations (ongoing). For He and Ne we stay with the original basic parameters. New: cocktail approach!

Scenarios developed with WP6: RF studies and and collective effects, need to check all machines

D8 Collection device construction 4 15 Prototype

D12 Report on the experimental validation of

the collection device for Li-8

4 15 Prototype

D13 Bunching performance evaluation 4 7 Report

Device constructed.

Reorganization of work, beam extraction only for 2011

Report imminent


New associated Partners

6

GSI, Darmstadt (O. Boine-Frankenheim, C. Dimopoulou) Cooling and Internal Gas Targets for production ring

STFC (S.Chattopadhyay, G. Burt) Decay ring RF considerations and hardware feasibility

Technical University of Aachen, Aachen (A.Stahl) Production Ring lattice. Target simulations for production

and cooling Weizmann Institue of Science, Revohot (M. Hass)

Isotope production (essentially 6He and 8Li )

Review EUROnu, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

Isotope production

2010-06-04 7

Type Accelerator Beam Ibeam

mA

Ebeam

MeV

Pbeam

kW

Target Isotope Flux

S-1

Ok?

ISOL & n-converter

SPL p 0.07 2 103 135 W/BeO 6He 5 1013

ISOL & n-converter

Saraf/GANIL d 17 40 680 C/BeO 6He 5 1013

ISOL Linac 4 p 6 160 960 23Na 19FMolten NaF loop

18Ne 1 1013

ISOL Cyclo/Linac p 15 60 900 23Na 19FMolten NaF loop

18Ne 1 1013

ISOL LinacX1 3He 85 21 1800 MgO80 cm disk

18Ne 1 1013

P-Ring LinacX2 d 0.160 25 4 7Li 8Li 3 1013

P-Ring LinacX2 3He 0.160 25 4 6Li 8B 8 1011

Experimentally OK

On paper, may be OK

Not OK yetT. Stora, P Valko, E. Benedetto, E. Wildner…

Planned experiments

Targets below MWatt is aimed !!!Aim: 2.0 1013 for low-Q

More is possible

2010-06-04 Review EUROnu, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner 8

We need Ion Cocktails(1)

Less collective effectsLess collective effects

Less collective effectsLess collective effects

Collective effects importantCollective effects important

8Li and 8B difficult to produce8Li and 8B difficult to produce

Courtesy WP6


The PR, Simulations and experiments

9

Basic lattice and 6D tracking ok, tuning for beta function at target Charge exchange injection to be designed Direct kinematics could give good production efficiencies RF feasable (10 MHz, 300 kV), ACOL cavities Experiment/simulations at ERIT, FFAG solution (larger aperture)

Case analysed: For the time being on ice (investments necessary) Using TSR as test bench, analysis ongoing

Gas Jet target proposed in FP7: too high density Vacuum problems NEW: Try Direct Production (D. Neuffer)

Aachen Univ., GSI, CERN Aachen Univ., GSI, CERN


8Li X-sections and distributions

Comparison between the experimental peak energy at different lab angles and the values (curves) expected from two-body kinematics and different excited states of 8Li.

INFN, LegnaroINFN, Legnaro


X-sections, Energies and Angles, Li and B

INFN, Legnaro


Challenge: collection device Device commissioned, measurement equipment on line Analysis of collected 8Li, restart of measurements in April Direct kinematics should be discussed Setup and measurements for 8B production and collection ongoing Experiments with 8B in Sept.

CRC, Louvain la Neuve


The collection device setup

13

7Li(d,p) 8Li and 6Li(3He,n) 8B 7Li(10-25 MeV) and 6Li(4-15 MeV)~ 1nA beams deuteron or 3He target.

7Li(d,p) 8Li and 6Li(3He,n) 8B 7Li(10-25 MeV) and 6Li(4-15 MeV)~ 1nA beams deuteron or 3He target.

2010-06-04 14Review EUROnu, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner 14

The collection device

Temperature optimization !Diffusion time:=0.75 (0.8)


Decay Ring Intensities

15

• A first study of the dynamic aperture has shown that it was large enough to accept the beam.

• Due to the blowing up in the longitudinal phase space, it was shown that a dedicated collimation section was needed in the DR.

• The peak beam intensities are unprecedented (several Amps in average, hundreds of Amps peak).

• The beam loading in the cavities are studied (Cockroft/Lancaster Universit)

• To gain 10% of neutrinos, we increased the field from 6 to 8 T in the arc magnets and shorten the arcs from 970 to 675 m


Phase slip factor changed

Recent Encouraging results, redesigned decay ring

CERN, CEA

Only Transverse Mode Coupling Instabilities

Collective Effects limits, Decay Ring


Phase slip factor changed

Recent Encouraging results, redesigned decay ring

CERN, CEA

Only Transverse Mode Coupling Instabilities

Collective Effects limits, Decay Ring


Decay Ring Redesign Lattices for low-Q and high-Q options (2009) Optimization (stronger magnets) to gain 10 % intensities done

However, as shown, collective effects are a problem New lattice with lower phase slip (2011)


Gamma 100 Gamma 100

Gamma 100

Gamma 350

Gamma 350

Gamma 350

Courtesy: M. Mezetto

EUROnu physics, WP6 wish-list


Decay ring the same size as the gamma 100 decay ring

Flux after straight section the same as for the gamma 100 ring

Duty factors can be reduced

We need an accelerator to give gamma 350 (SPS upgrade!?)

Superconducting magnets of 26 T not realistic for 20 years, means larger arcs

20 T magnets may be envisaged, short models in 20 years…

Price related to superconductor and iron volume (aperture) in addition to a necessary bulk cost for development and tooling

Collective effects improved

Detailed studies needed (septa, RF, Radiation…)

In theEUROnu proposal but for us necessarily low priorityL. Bottura, A. Chance, C. Hansen, M. Martini, G. de Rijk, E. Wildner

IAP: “Tension WP6-WP4” Gamma 350


Max ion intensities in DR, =350

1. Relaxed DF2. Intensity limit goes

down with energy3. Higher intensity needed

(slower decay)

C. HansenC. Hansen


Duty factor and RF Cavities

22

....

20 bunches, 5.2 ns long, distance 23*4 nanosseconds

filling 1/11 of the Decay Ring, repeated every 23

microseconds

1014 ions circulating ,

~0.5% duty (supression) factor for atmospheric neutrino background suppression !!!


• Magnets• Open midplane magnets ok• Magnet protection possible• Vacuum ?

• Safety• Work on collimation system to be continued

(crystals? )• SPS is still to be studied • Other machines ok for baseline using CERN rules (S.

Trovati)• Have to be checked for 8B and 8Li with high

intensities

Radiation issues

Production of 18Ne for Beta Beams

24Review EUROnu, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner2010-06-04

Measure production and release from a sodium target at ISOLDE

Proposal sent to INTC (ISOLDE and Neutron Time-of-flight Committee)

Accepted !!

Molten salt loop to produce 18Ne ! Experimental setup and measurements, from May 2011 2 years of project associate

Thee beam needs production of

2.0 1013 18Ne/s

Theoretically possible with 10 mA 70 MeV protons on NaF

We need measurements of the crossection 19F(p, 2n)18Ne !

25Review EUROnu, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner2010-06-04

Experiments in the TSR

Experiments for beam-cooling in beta beam production ring Ionization cooling, isotope production/collection with internal targets Radiation aspects• Physics issues might be covered by measurements of the neutrino magnetic moment, neutrino-nucleus coherent scattering, neutrino-nucleus cross sections (C. Volpe, J. Phys. G30 (2004), L1, hep-ph/0303222; J .Phys. G 34 (2007)

R1, hep-ph/0605033), constraints on sterile neutrinos, (Agarvalla et. al. arXiv:0907.3145v2)

Beta Beam experiments have been proposed at this facility: T. Stora, E. Wildner, C. Volpe,E. Fernandez-Martinez


60 GHz Source news

28 GHzwaveguide

High voltagering

Plasmachamber

Plasmaelectrode

Extractioninsulator

Pullerelectrode

Conceptual design of the internal parts of the ECRIS prototypeo Parts drawings soon performedo Then parts fabrication

Delivery of the GANIL 28 GHz gyrotron to LPSC o LPSC 28 GHz available (pulsed and cw) for installation @ LNCMI

LPSC-LNCMI discussions for the future experimentso Magnet time will be asked at EUROMAGNETII for

Ion beam studies at 28 GHz with SEISM prototype(fall 2011- beginning 2012)

Magnetic field measurements @ 30000 A for 60 GHz

Design of the High intensity beam lineo Vacuum components (turbo pumps, chambers, tubes...) orderedo Dipôle power supply under testso LNCMI installation in M3 room under evaluation

Concrete foundation slab resistance Layout

Follow-up the 60 GHz gyrotron buildingo Gyrotron tube environement

M5 magnetic fringing field measurements in the M3 room SEISM prototype magnetic fringing field calculations Layout

400 A Power supplyand magnet

LPSC Euronu contract statuso LPSC has spent about 54 % of the 4 years fundingo We plan to hire a one year post-doc to go on with ECR studies

T. LamyT. Lamy


Parameter list and new Data Base


Parameter list

As document in the EUROnu web (date of report)


Parameter list


Costing and Safety

30

WBS presented at Costing meeting at CERN Safety requirements for beta beam are listed Difficult to cost when development only half way. Baseline needs technical refinements

PS is going to be upgraded for example

Input for how to do costing and evaluate safety We need guidelines: workshops planned

Expertise for costing and safety needed How to proceed?


Implementation and Costing Synergy B/SB Place B on site * 2 Place SB (SPL ?) Try to use RCS (LHC upgrade)

Avoid multi-megawattt Radiation Integration (CLIC, other?) Necessary for Costing

Specification for layout ready, meeting with civil engineers plannedSpecification for layout ready, meeting with civil engineers planned


Modifications, additions Partners continue according to plans CERN:

Very work-intense study on collective effects, FP6 not working Results affect machines: we have already a new DR design Technical help with impedance estimations The old machines need to be equipped ECR source efficiencies Beta Beams are integrated in the LHC upgrade studies

PS ongoing, SC influenced tunes, injection energy compatibilities Production ring: direct kinematics and effects for collection device SC-Magnet shielding not complete/radiation for high-Q needs more work New RFQ


Future (2011- Experiments on 18Ne Direct kinematics for 8B and 8Li production: targets Cooling and production simulations/experiments for Production Ring Cross-section measurements of 8B 8B collection setup ECR fields for plasma -> 30 000A (structures supra…), Gyrotron tests,

beam extraction, low cost solutions, Proto -> ECR Source Finalizing collective effects studies, all ions, all machines CERN complex: RFQ and PS/SPS-upgrade interactions with bbeams Decay Ring updates for collective effects (phase slip factor/RF) Decay Ring RF, technical feasibility study Parameter lists update for all ions Costing (if peoplepower available gamma 350 will be costed) Safety

Review EUROnu, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner1 Elena Wildner, CERN, For WP4 1 2010-06-04.

Documents

li beta beams

elena wildner2010

report reviewdreview

euronu scenariib

baselinereview euronu

euronu site

elena wildnerresults

elena wildner6he