Retrofit or Rebuild: Decisions Design Finance

The Legacy of 1960’s UniversityThe Legacy of 1960 s University Buildings in the 21st Century

k dBackground

• HEI’s have been handling unsatisfactory building stock since the 1960’s.

• Over 40% of university estate in the UK was built• Over 40% of university estate in the UK was built between 1960 and 1979.

• The overarching issue of sustainability is at the forefront of construction.

University of Bristol Students Union

REFURBISH ORREFURBISH OR REBUILD?

Approaching the Problems

• Wide range of problems associated with 1960’s buildings.

• For example:• For example:– Location– widespread asbestos

l i i i– planning restrictions– expenditure/capital lay out– changes in legislation

l k– cost planning risk– possible inflexibility of the original construction

k d lDecision Making Models

AUDE (Association for University Directors of Estates) have proposed two means of option assessment

1 – FILTER TOOL2 – OPTION APPRIASAL MATRIX

Used in conjunction with each other both models canUsed in conjunction with each other both models can be used to facilitate an informed decision.

However their effectiveness may be lost if used inHowever, their effectiveness may be lost if used in isolation.

k d lDecision Making Models

FILTER TOOL • series of flow diagrams under Vision, Social, Economic

and Environmental headings.• Used by University Estates Team as a pre feasibility• Used by University Estates Team as a pre - feasibility

work shop facilitator.

OPTIONS MATRIX TOOL • Offers users a best practice framework for assessing

optionsoptions.• Offers a balanced approach under the headings Vision,

Social, Economic and Environmental . • Allows for the weighting of each category.

f l l kUseful links

• http://www aude ac uk/info-http://www.aude.ac.uk/infocentre/1960s_project

http // hefce ac k/• http://www.hefce.ac.uk/

h d dWhat we did...

h d dWhat we did...

h d dWhat we did...

bere:architects

Constructing Excellence Reading

9th November 2011

Mayville Community Centre Passivhaus retrofit

Justin Bere, bere:architects

www.bere.co.uk

twitter @jbere

bere:architects

(1) Design, funding, tendering & construction

(2) Building performance evaluation

(3) Social impact

bere:architects

(1) Design, funding, tendering & construction

bere:architects

Graph courtesy of Dr Rudolph Plagge, Dresden; the need for retrofit in Germany

Retrofit

ExistingBuildings

NewBuildings

bere:architects Mayville Community Centre; Passivhaus Certified Retrofit, 2010 - 2011

Originally built in the early 1900’s

to house generators for the tram

network, the massively constructed

building became derelict in the late

1960s. It became a community centre

after local residents lobbied Islington

Council for possession of the building

in the 1970s.

1900


The community centre is transferred

to Mildmay Community Partnership.

MCP objectives: “...to develop the

capacity and skills of beneficiaries

in such a way that they are better

able to identify, and help meet their

needs and to participate more fully in

society”.

Energy bills of £10,000 per year

Uncomfortably cold and draughty

Poor internal layout and facilities

2006


Mayville Community Centre

bere:architects aims to put Mayville ‘on the map’ with the first community

based ecological, ultra low energy, Passivhaus conversion in the UK.

But as well as energy saving and ecological features, we are proposing a

distinctive new look for the a truly multi-purpose community centre that will

attract even more people to become involved in the Mayville community

and the MCP and be an exemplar to future community building projects.

We are proposing a community centre that local residents can be proud

of and a building that will serve their needs without wasting financial

resources on large energy bills. Mayville Community Centre will mostly heat

and cool itself, hence “passive”.

Cosy, warm, light and airy. Natural wood creates a healthy and inviting interior.

A good café creates a warm heart to any community centre. Opening out into the south gardens creates opportunities for al-fresco dining

A ventilation unit with heat recovery in the basement provides fresh filtered and pre-warmed air into the centre and extracts stale air from the kitchen and bathrooms. Not only people who suffer from pollen and dust allergies benefit from the system; everyone will enjoy the supply of ample clean fresh air supplied, with heat recovery, day and night.

Native bird species like sparrows and finches will be encouraged by planting and nestboxes

4 evacuated glass tube solar panels provide at least 65% of the centre’s hot water requirements though the year. A ground source heat pump also contributes to the domestic hot water heating when necessary. 76 photovoltaic

panels contribute to the electrical energy demands of the centre.

Meadow and wildflower planting in the southern garden area improves biodiversity. Mown areas provide areas for picnics and outdoor activities

High levels of recycled paper and wood fibre insulation in the roof and walls, combined with improved air-tightness eliminate the need for major heat sources while a comfortable temperature is maintained all year round.

Roof gardens of native planting in lightweight soils help to moderate the microclimate and encourage bio-diversity

High performance triple glazed windows have insulated frames which minimise heat losses. The window’s double seals maintain the high levels of air-tightness.

A basement lightwell with gently stepped planted ‘ampitheatre’ seating lets light into the basement rooms while creating a space for outside performances and education.

bere:architects

2009Planning approval

granted for a plan to

transform the Mayville

Community Centre into

a contemporary facility

which will increase service

provision for one of

London’s most deprived

neighbourhoods and

provide warm and

comfortable interiors with

minimum energy costs for

many years to come.


2009The Passivhaus Planning

Package (PHPP) was

used as an early stage

design tool to evaluate and

communicate the benefits

of opening the building up

to a new south garden.

The low carbon design was

one of the most important

factors in winning funding

support

Passive House Verification

Photo or Drawing

Building: Mildmay Community CentreLocation and Climate: London GB - Manchester

Street: Woodville RoadPostcode/City: N16 8NA

Country: England

Building Type: Community Centre

Home Owner(s) / Client(s): Mildmay Community TrustStreet:

Postcode/City:

Architect: bere:architectsStreet: 73 Poets Road

Postcode/City: N5 2SH

Mechanical System: Alan ClarkeStreet: The Woodlands, Woodland Close, Whitecroft

Postcode/City: GL15 4PL Lydney

Year of Construction: 1880's

Number of Dwelling Units: 1 Interior Temperature: 20.0 °C

Enclosed Volume Ve: 4093.7 m3 Internal Heat Gains: 3.7 W/m2

Number of Occupants: 19.0

Specific Demands with Reference to the Treated Floor Area

Treated Floor Area: 665.0 m2

Applied: Monthly Method PH Certificate: Fulfilled?Applied: Monthly Method PH Certificate: Fulfilled?

Specific Space Heat Demand: 13 kWh/(m2a) 15 kWh/(m2a) Yes

Pressurization Test Result: 0.5 h-1 0.6 h-1 Yes

Specific Primary Energy Demand(DHW, Heating, Cooling, Auxiliary and Household Electricity): 120 kWh/(m2a) 120 kWh/(m2a) Yes

Specific Primary Energy Demand(DHW, Heating and Auxiliary Electricity): 24 kWh/(m2a)

Specific Primary Energy DemandEnergy Conservation by Solar Electricity: 43 kWh/(m2a)

Heating Load: 11 W/m2

Frequency of Overheating: 2 % over 25 °C

Specific Useful Cooling Energy Demand: kWh/(m2a) 15 kWh/(m2a)

Cooling Load: 8 W/m2

We confirm that the values given herein have been Issued on:determined following the PHPP methodology and basedon the characteristic values of the building. The calculations signed: with PHPP are attached to this application.

PHPP 2007, Verification 300mc ph s111021jb Mayville PHPP revised hours of use.xls


35%Increase in usable space

92%Reduction in energy use


2010Fundraising complete

for a pioneering, ultra

low-energy passivhaus

certified retrofit, costing

£2 million including fees.

Funders:

Big Lottery; London

Borough of Islington;

Community Builders

Fund; City Bridge Trust;

Dept. of Energy and

Climate Change via EST

and Carbon Trust.


2010

Occupancy / Internal heat gains:

• Every room accounted for..

• Standing? Sitting? etc

• % of room used?

• by how many people?

• occupancy per m2?

• heat per person?

• hours of occupancy?

Passive House PlanningI N T E R N A L H E A T G A I N S Non-domestic Use

Building: Mildmay Community Centre

Utilisation Pattern: 3.70 W/m² 4.16 W/m² Carefully complete the Electricity Non-Dom worksheet!

Type of Values Used: User Determined: 3.7 W/m² False input

Calculation Persons: 19 P Room Temperature: 20 °C

Internal Heat TF Area: 665 m² Heating Period: 204.5165 d/a Internal Heat Gains Aux. Electricity: 19.6 WColumn Nr.

Persons

Sel

ect

Util

isat

ion

Pat

tern

Sel

ect

Act

ivity

of P

erso

ns Planning with the number of persons or via floor area of utilisation zone

(planning via area only if the occupancy is available for this utilisation pattern).

Pers./Area (1 / 0)

Num

ber o

f Occ

upan

ts

Floo

r Are

a of

Util

isat

ion

Zone

(m²)

Ave

rage

Occ

upan

cy

(Per

sons

/ m

²)

Hea

t Em

itted

per

Per

son

(W)

Util

isat

ion

Hou

rs p

er Y

ear

[h/a

]

Rel

ativ

e P

rese

nce

Use

d in

Tim

e S

pan

(h/a

)

Ave

rage

Hea

t Em

itted

by

Per

sons

(W)

27 9 18

Persons A 1 Meeting rooms BF 2 > 10 yr., sitting 1 planning with # of persons { 2 }* or { * no standard

value } * 80 * 3120 * 0.40 / 8760 = 23Persons B 2 Music studio BF 3 >10 yr., standing or

light work 1 planning with # of persons { 2 }* or { * no standard

value } * 100 * 2080 * 0.20 / 8760 = 9Persons C 3 Reception GF 2 > 10 yr., sitting 1 planning with # of

persons { 1 }* or { * no standard value } * 80 * 2975 * 0.50 / 8760 = 14

Persons D 4 Kitchen GF 3 >10 yr., standing or light work 1 planning with # of


Persons E 5 Dining area GF 3 >10 yr., standing or light work 1 planning with # of


Persons F 6 Workshop GF 2 > 10 yr., sitting 1 planning with # of persons 2 no standard

value80 3500 0.50 8760 32

Persons G 7 Main hall GF 3 >10 yr., standing or light work 1 planning with # of

persons 1 no standard value

100 2800 0.20 8760 6Persons H 8 Workshop/IT 1F 2 > 10 yr., sitting 1 planning with # of


80 1560 0.70 8760 20Persons I 9 MCP Office 1F 2 > 10 yr., sitting 1 planning with # of


80 2496 0.70 8760 48Persons J 11 Circulation Area 3 >10 yr., standing or

light work 1 planning with # of persons 1 no standard

value100 4200 0.10 8760 5

Persons K 12 WC and sanitary 3 >10 yr., standing or light work 1 planning with # of


Persons L 13 Storage 3 >10 yr., standing or light work 1 planning with # of


Evaporation (person specific) 179 * -15 * 5250 * 0.02 / 8760 = -32

Lighting / Equipment / Aux. Electricity

Use

ful E

nerg

y [k

Wh/

a]

Ava

ilabi

lity

Use

d in

Tim

e P

erio

d (k

h/a)

Ave

rage

Hea

t R

elea

se

Lighting 11827 * 1.00 / 8.76 = 1350Office Applications (Within Therm. Envelope) 8259 * 1.00 / 8.76 = 943Cooking (Within Therm. Envelope) 2625 * 0.50 / 8.76 = 150Dishwashing (Within Therm. Envelope) 1050 * 0.30 / 8.76 = 36Cooling (Within Therm. Envelope) 0 * 1.00 / 8.76 = 0Other (Within Therm. Envelope) 1218 * 1.00 / 8.76 = 139Auxiliary Appliances (See Aux Electricity Worksheet) = 20

Heat Loss Due to Cold Water (calculation from column AJ)

on/o

ff (1

/ 0) Predominant

Utilisation Pattern of Building

(Data transfered from Electricity Non-Dom

worksheet; input kitchen)

Num

ber o

f WC

s (u

ser d

ata)

Num

ber o

f WC

s: U

se

stan

dard

val

ue fo

r sc

hool

s (X

)

Num

ber o

f WC

s (c

alcu

latio

n va

lue)

T:

Col

d W

ater

Te

mp.

- R

oom

Te

mp.

[K]

Occ

upie

d D

ays

per Y

ear [

d/a]

Loss

Day

time

[W]

Loss

Nig

httim

e [W

]

Ava

ilabi

lity

Use

d in

Per

iod

(d/a

)

Ave

rage

Pow

er

Col

d W

ater

2 8

Cold Water Due to Flushing WC 1 4 Kitchen GF 10 10 -8 350 * ( -21 + -32 ) * 1.00 / 365 = -51

Total W 2768Specific Demand W/m² 4.2Heat Available From Internal Sources 205 d/a kWh/(m²a) 20

HPP 2007, IHG Non-Dom 300mc ph s101020rw Mayville PHPP revised.xls


2010

Designing for occupancy

Passive House PlanningBuilding: Mildmay Community Centre U T I L I S A T I O N Non-domestic Use

Latitude [°]: 54

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 15 16 17 18 20 27

Util

isat

ion

Pat

tern

Per

iods

of U

tilis

atio

n an

d O

pera

tion

Beg

in U

tilis

atio

n [h

]

End

Util

isat

ion

[h]

Dai

ly U

tilis

atio

n H

ours

[h/d

]

Ann

ual U

tilis

atio

n D

ays

[d/a

]

Ann

ual U

tilis

atio

n H

ours

[h/a

]

Ann

ual U

tilis

atio

n H

ours

Dur

ing

Day

time

[h/a

]

Ann

ual U

tilis

atio

n H

ours

Dur

ing

Nig

httim

e [h

/a]

Illum

inat

ion

Leve

l [lu

x]

Hei

ght o

f Util

isat

ion

Leve

l (0.

8 or

0.0

m)

Hei

ght o

f Util

isat

ion

Leve

l (0.

8 or

0.0

m)

Rel

ativ

e A

bsen

teei

sm

Par

t Use

Fac

tor o

f Bui

ldin

g O

pera

ting

Per

iod

for

Ligh

ting

Ave

rage

Occ

upan

cy [m

²/Per

s.]

1 Meeting rooms BF 10 20 10 312 3120 2492 628 500 0.8 0.80 0.60 1.02 Music studio BF 14 24 10 208 2080 840 1240 300 0.8 0.80 0.80 1.03 Reception GF 10 18 9 350 2975 2728 247 500 0.8 0.80 0.5 1.04 Kitchen GF 10 14 4 350 1400 1400 0 500 0.8 0.80 0.3 1.05 Dining area GF 11 21 10 350 3500 2464 1036 200 0.8 0.80 0.5 0.76 Workshop GF 10 20 10 350 3500 2795 705 500 0.8 0.80 0.5 1.07 Main hall GF 13 21 8 350 2800 1764 1036 300 0.8 0.80 0.8 0.78 Workshop/IT 1F 10 16 6 260 1560 1550 10 500 0.8 0.80 0.3 1.09 MCP Office 1F 10 18 8 312 2496 2276 220 500 0.8 0.80 0.3 1.0

10 0 0 0 0 0.8011 Circulation Area 9.0 21 12 350 4200 3164 1036 100 0.8 0.80 0.9 1.012 WC and sanitary 9.0 21 12 350 4200 3164 1036 100 0.8 0.80 0.9 1.013 Storage 6.0 21 15 350 5250 3970 1280 100 0.8 0.80 1.0 1.014 0 0 0 0 0.8015 0 0 0 0 0.8016 0 0 0 0 0.8017 0 0 0 0 0.8018 0 0 0 0 0.80

19 0 0 0 0 0.80

20 0 0 0 0 0.80

21 Single Office 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 500 0.80 0.80 0.30 0.70 10.00

22 Group Office 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 500 0.80 0.80 0.30 0.70

23 Open-Plan Office 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 500 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00 15.0024 Meeting 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 500 0.80 0.80 0.50 1.00 2.0025 Counter Area 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 200 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00

26 Retail 8 20 12 300 3600 2999 601 300 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00 7.00

27 Classroom 8 15 7 200 1400 1398 2 300 0.80 0.80 0.25 0.90 2.00

28 University Auditorium 8 18 10 150 1500 1409 91 500 0.80 0.80 0.25 0.70 0.75

29 Bedroom 0 24 24 365 8760 4407 4353 300 0.80 0.80 0.00 0.50

30 Hotel Room 21 8 11 365 4015 755 3260 200 0.80 0.80 0.25 0.30

31 Canteen 8 15 7 250 1750 1748 2 200 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00

32 Restaurant 10 0 14 300 4200 2404 1796 200 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00 1.50

33 Kitchen Non-Residential 10 23 13 300 3900 2404 1496 500 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00

34 Kitchen, Storage, Preparation 7 23 16 300 3900 2404 1496 300 0.80 0.80 0.50 1.00

35 WC, Sanitary 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 200 0.80 0.80 0.90 1.00

36 Other Habitable Rooms 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 300 0.80 0.80 0.50 1.00

37 Secondary Areas 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 100 0.80 0.80 0.90 1.00

38 Circulation Area 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 100 0.00 0.00 0.80 1.00

39 Storage, Services 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 100 0.80 0.80 0.98 1.00

40 Server Room 0 24 24 365 8760 4407 4353 500 0.80 0.80 0.50 0.50

41 Workshop 7 16 9 250 2250 2192 58 500 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00

42 Theater Auditorium 19 23 4 250 1001 55 946 200 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00

43 Theater Foyer 19 23 4 250 1001 55 946 300 0.80 0.80 0.50 1.00

44 Theater Stage 13 23 10 250 2500 1253 1247 1000 0.80 0.80 0.00 0.60

45 Fair, Congress 13 18 5 150 1350 1260 90 300 0.80 0.80 0.50 1.00

46 Exhibition 10 18 8 250 2001 1850 151 200 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00

47 Library Reading Room 8 20 12 300 3600 2999 601 500 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00

48 Open Access Library 8 20 12 300 3600 2999 601 200 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00

49 Library Repository 8 20 12 300 3600 2999 601 100 0.80 0.80 0.90 1.00

50 Gymnasium 8 23 15 300 4500 3002 1498 300 0.80 0.80 0.30 1.00

51 Parking Garage 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 75 0.00 0.00 0.95 1.00

52 Public Parking Garage 9 0 15 365 5475 3290 2185 75 0.00 0.00 0.80 1.00

PHPP 2007, Use Non-Dom 300mc ph s101020rw Mayville PHPP revised.xls


2010

Daylight hours

Electric lighting hours

Passive House PlanningBuilding: Mildmay Community Centre E L E C T R I C I T Y D E M A N D Non-Domestic Use

Treated Floor Area ATFA: 665.0 m² Window Properties (from Windows worksheet):

Auxiliary Electricity Demand: 2128.0 kWh/a Shading Dirt FactorNon-

Perpendicular Radiation

Glazing Fraction

Primary Energy Factors: North 0.54 0.95 0.85 0.66Electricity: 2.7 kWh/kWh East 0.47 0.65

Gas: 1.1 kWh/kWh South 0.65 0.70

Energy Carrier for DHW: 2.7 kWh/kWh West 0.28 0.60

Solar Fraction of DHW 30%

Marginal Performance Ratio DHW:

Room Geometry: Input of a Typical Room or Room by Room

Lighting / Non-Domestic

Frac

tion

of T

reat

ed

Floo

r Are

a

Roo

m C

ateg

ory

Roo

m C

ateg

ory

Nom

inal

Illu

min

ance

Le

vel

Dev

iatio

n fro

m

Nor

th

Orie

ntat

ion

Ligh

t Tra

nsm

issi

on

Gla

zing

Roo

m D

epth

Roo

m W

idth

Roo

m H

eigh

t

Lint

el H

eigh

t

Win

dow

Wid

th

Day

light

Util

isat

ion

Use

r D

ata:

Inst

alle

d Li

ghtin

g P

ower

Inst

alle

d Li

ghtin

g P

ower

(S

tand

ard)

Ligh

ting

Con

trol

Mot

ion

Det

ecto

r w

ith/w

ithou

t (1/

0)

Util

isat

ion

Hou

rs p

er

Yea

r [h/

a]

Use

r D

eter

min

ed:

Ligh

ting

Full

Load

Hou

rs

Full

Load

Hou

rs o

f Li

ghtin

g

Ele

ctri

city

Dem

and

(kW

h/a)

Spe

c. E

lect

rici

ty

Dem

and

(kW

h/(m

²a))

Pri

mar

y E

nerg

y D

eman

d (k

Wh/

a)

Room / Zone Lux Degrees - m m m m m W/m² W/m² h/a kWh/a

2 15 9

Basement technics 3% 13 Storage 100 6.6 6.6 2.2 Contradiction: Check width and height inputs none 12 12.3 3 1 autarkic, with off-

modeWithMotion 5250 1523.5 372.3 18.7 1005.3

Basement circulation 6% 11 Circulation Area 100 22 North 69% 8.5 4.0 2.2 2.1 3.6 none 27 27.4 3 1 autarkic, with off-mode

WithMotion 4200 1398.2 1528.3 38.3 4126.4

Basement WC 4% 12 WC and sanitary 100 2.0 1.5 2.2 Contradiction: Check width and height inputs none 9 9.4 3 1 autarkic, with off-

modeWithMotion 4200 1410.0 350.9 13.2 947.3

Basement main Hall 12% 1 Meeting rooms BF 500 202 South 69% 6.5 4.2 2.5 2.5 3.6 low 11 10.5 3 1 autarkic, with off-mode

WithMotion 3120 1312.9 1100.5 13.8 2971.4

Basement Music 7% 2 Music studio BF 300 4.5 3.7 2.1 Contradiction: Check width and height inputs none 11 11.2 3 1 autarkic, with off-

modeWithMotion 2080 1408.9 737.3 15.8 1990.8

GF entrance 3% 11 Circulation Area 100 22 North 69% 5.0 4.6 2.4 2.4 4.4 Contradiction: Check width and height inputs low 16 15.8 3 1 autarkic, with off-

modeWithMotion 4200 1315.0 414.4 20.8 1118.8

GF dining 6% 5 Dining area GF 200 202 South 69% 7.6 6.2 2.5 2.4 6.7 Contradiction: Check width and height inputs low 10 9.8 3 1 autarkic, with off-

modeWithMotion 3500 1350.5 525.8 13.2 1419.6

GF reception 2% 3 Reception GF 500 22 North 69% 3.2 2.9 2.4 Contradiction: Check width and height inputs none 11 10.8 3 1 autarkic, with off-

modeWithMotion 2975 1580.0 227.7 17.1 614.7

GF hall 14% 7 Main hall GF 300 22 North 69% 7.9 15.0 3.0 7.5 12.5 Contradiction: Check width and height inputs none 25 24.6 3 1 autarkic, with off-

modeWithMotion 2800 953.8 2186.0 23.5 5902.1

GF kitchen 3% 4 Kitchen GF 500 202 South 69% 3.4 4.0 2.8 2.5 2.4 low 28 27.6 3 1 autarkic, with off-mode

WithMotion 1400 450.0 247.9 12.4 669.3

GF office 8% 6 Workshop GF 500 202 South 69% 3.8 4.2 2.8 2.5 3.6 medium 12 12.3 3 1 autarkic, with off-mode

WithMotion 3500 1320.0 862.0 16.2 2327.5

GF storage 3% 13 Storage 100 2.5 6.1 3.4 Contradiction: Check width and height inputs none 6 6.3 3 1 autarkic, with off-

modeWithMotion 5250 1500.0 189.3 9.5 511.1

GF circulation 5% 11 Circulation Area 100 202 South 69% 2.3 3.3 2.5 2.5 1.3 Contradiction: Check width and height inputs low 25 24.8 3 1 autarkic, with off-

modeWithMotion 4200 1210.0 997.8 30.0 2694.0

GF WC north 1% 12 WC and sanitary 100 22 North 69% 1.5 2.1 2.7 2.4 1.3 good 11 10.9 3 1 autarkic, with off-mode

WithMotion 4200 1160.0 84.4 12.7 227.8

GF WC west 2% 12 WC and sanitary 100 292 West 69% 2.2 2.6 2.9 2.5 1.2 none 5 5.0 3 1 autarkic, with off-mode

WithMotion 4200 1330.0 88.4 6.7 238.8

1F storage 2% 13 Storage 100 2.4 1.3 2.2 Contradiction: Check width and height inputs none 7 6.6 3 1 autarkic, with off-

modeWithMotion 5250 1500.0 130.9 9.8 353.5

1F offices north 3% 9 MCP Office 1F 500 22 North 69% 4.4 3.2 2.5 2.2 2.7 low 14 13.8 3 1 autarkic, with off-mode

WithMotion 2496 1317.0 361.7 18.1 976.5

1F circulation 5% 11 Circulation Area 100 22 North 69% 2.4 4.2 5.0 3.0 2.5 medium 21 21.1 3 1 autarkic, with off-mode

WithMotion 4200 1180.0 827.5 24.9 2234.3

1F WC 1% 12 WC and sanitary 100 202 South 69% 1.9 1.7 2.7 2.3 1.2 good 8 8.5 3 1 autarkic, with off-mode

WithMotion 4200 1170.0 66.0 9.9 178.2

1F IT/meeting rooms 10% 8 Workshop/IT 1F 500 202 South 69% 3.5 4.0 2.7 2.4 2.5 low 16 15.6 3 1 autarkic, with off-mode

WithMotion 1560 510.0 527.5 7.9 1424.3

0.0 3 1 autarkic, with off-mode

WithMotion 0.0

0.0 3 1 autarkic, with off-mode

WithMotion 0.0

Facade with Windows

Inpu

t War

ning

Ligh

ting

Con

trol

HPP 2007, Electricity Non-Dom 300mc ph s101020rw Mayville PHPP revised.xls


2010

Electrical usage

Heat generated

e.g. computers

e.g. kitchen appliances

Office Equipment

Roo

m C

ateg

ory

Roo

m C

ateg

ory

In th

e th

erm

al

enve

lope

? (1

/0)

Exi

stin

g/P

lann

ed?

(1/0

)

Qua

ntity

Pow

er R

atin

g (W

)

Util

isat

ion

Hou

rs

per

Yea

r (h

/a)

rela

tive

abse

ntee

ism

Dur

atio

n of

U

tilis

atio

n in

Ene

rgy

Sav

ing

Mod

e (h

/a)

Use

ful E

nerg

y(k

Wh/

a)

Ele

ctri

city

D

eman

d (k

Wh/

a)

Pri

mar

y E

nerg

y D

eman

d (k

Wh/

a)

2 9 20 18

PC 1 8 Workshop/IT 1F 1 1 * 14 * 80 * ( 1560 * (1- 0.3 ) = 1223 = 1223.0 3302PC in Energy Saving Mode 1 14 * 2.0 * 1560 * 0.3 = 13 = 13.1 35

Monitor 1 8 Workshop/IT 1F 1 1 * 14 * 28 * ( 1560 * (1- 0.3 ) = 428 = 428.1 1156Monitor in Energy Saving Mode 1 14 * 2.0 * 1560 * 0.3 = 13 = 13.1 35

PC 2 3 Reception GF 1 1 * 4 * 80 * ( 2975 * (1- 0.5 ) = 476 = 476.0 1285PC in Energy Saving Mode 1 4 * 2.0 * 2975 * 0.5 = 12 = 11.9 32

Monitor 2 3 Reception GF 1 1 * 4 * 28 * ( 2975 * (1- 0.5 ) = 167 = 166.6 450Monitor in Energy Saving Mode 1 4 * 2.0 * 2975 * 0.5 = 12 = 11.9 32

Copier 3 Reception GF 1 1 * 1 * 400 * ( 2975 - 2678 ) = 119 = 118.8 321Copier in Energy Saving Mode 1 1 * 30 * 2678 = 80 = 80.3 217

Printer 3 Reception GF 1 1 * 1 * 300 * ( 2975 - 2678 ) = 89 = 89.1 241Printer in Energy Saving Mode 1 1 * 2 * 2678 = 5 = 5.4 14

Server 3 Reception GF 1 1 * 1 * 100 * ( 2975 = 298 = 297.5 803Server in Energy Saving Mode 1 1 * 2.0 * ( 8760 - 2975 ) = 12 = 11.6 31

Telephone System 1 1 * 1 * 94 * 8760 = 823 = 823.4 2223Lift 1 1 * 1 * 9000 * 44 = 394 = 394.2 1064

Lift in stand-bye 1 1 * 1 * 90 * 8716 = 784 = 784.4 21180 0.0 0

Music equipment 1 1 1 3000 1060 3180 20h/week 3180.0 8586Dyson on 1 1 1 1600 70 112 0.2h/day 112.0 302

Dyson stand-bye 1 1 1 1 8330 8 23.8h/day 8.3 22Projector 1 1 * 1 * 200 * 50 = 10 = 10.0 27

outside lighting 0 1 * 1 * 1035 * 730 = 755 = 755.5 2040

Kitchen / Aux. Electricity

Roo

m C

ateg

ory

Predominant Utilisation Pattern of

Building

In th

e th

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/0)

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Dem

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(kW

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D

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Pri

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nerg

y

Dem

and

(kW

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8

kWh / Meal

Cooking 4 Kitchen GF 1 1 * 350 * 30 * 0.25 = 2625 * 100% = 2625.0 70881 kWh / Cover * 0% = 0 0

Dishwashing 1 1 * 350 * 30 * 0.10 = 1050 * 55% = 577.5 15592 kWh/d * 45% * (1+ 0.30 ) * 1.20 *(1- 0.30 ) = 518 1400

Refrigerating 1 1 365 = 0 * 100% = 0.0 0Coffee machine 1 1 200 0.25 50 * 100% = 50.0 135Gram 210 fridge 1 2 365 0.50 365 * 100% = 365.0 986Gram 210 freezer 1 2 365 1.10 803 * 100% = 803.0 2168

0 * 100% = 0.0 00 * 100% = 0.0 00 * 100% = 0.0 00 * 100% = 0.0 00 * 100% = 0.0 0

Total Auxiliary Electricity 2128.0 5746

Total kWh 614 518 27389 kWh/a 75351 kWh/a

Specific Demand 0.6 0.8 41 kWh/(m²a) 113 kWh/(m²a)

Hot

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27862

2128

HPP 2007, Electricity Non-Dom 300mc ph s101020rw Mayville PHPP revised.xls


2010

Quality Assured Verification

40 different factors

contribute to the

energy in use

and comfort

calculations

Passive House Verification

Photo or Drawing

Building: Mildmay Community CentreLocation and Climate: London GB - Manchester

Street: Woodville RoadPostcode/City: N16 8NA

Country: England

Building Type: Community Centre

Home Owner(s) / Client(s): Mildmay Community TrustStreet:

Postcode/City:

Architect: bere:architectsStreet: 73 Poets Road

Postcode/City: N5 2SH

Mechanical System: Alan ClarkeStreet: The Woodlands, Woodland Close, Whitecroft

Postcode/City: GL15 4PL Lydney

Year of Construction: 1880's

Number of Dwelling Units: 1 Interior Temperature: 20.0 °C

Enclosed Volume Ve: 4093.7 m3 Internal Heat Gains: 3.7 W/m2

Number of Occupants: 19.0

Specific Demands with Reference to the Treated Floor Area

Treated Floor Area: 665.0 m2

Applied: Monthly Method PH Certificate: Fulfilled?Applied: Monthly Method PH Certificate: Fulfilled?

Specific Space Heat Demand: 13 kWh/(m2a) 15 kWh/(m2a) Yes

Pressurization Test Result: 0.5 h-1 0.6 h-1 Yes

Specific Primary Energy Demand(DHW, Heating, Cooling, Auxiliary and Household Electricity): 120 kWh/(m2a) 120 kWh/(m2a) Yes

Specific Primary Energy Demand(DHW, Heating and Auxiliary Electricity): 24 kWh/(m2a)

Specific Primary Energy DemandEnergy Conservation by Solar Electricity: 43 kWh/(m2a)

Heating Load: 11 W/m2

Frequency of Overheating: 2 % over 25 °C

Specific Useful Cooling Energy Demand: kWh/(m2a) 15 kWh/(m2a)

Cooling Load: 8 W/m2

We confirm that the values given herein have been Issued on:determined following the PHPP methodology and basedon the characteristic values of the building. The calculations signed: with PHPP are attached to this application.

PHPP 2007, Verification 300mc ph s111021jb Mayville PHPP revised hours of use.xls


2010Final preparations of tender package.

Architects’ drawings show the line of

airtightness clearly in all drawings.

From stage E, it’s important to have

a sensible construction sequencing

plan so the contractor can access the

air barrier at 1st air test.


2010The contractor demonstrates, in their

proposed programme of works, that

they understand sequencing the

work to facilitate two mid-construction

air tests; (1) after window installation

(2) after M&E installation.

Buxtons were contractually required

to achieve the first air test target of

0.6h-1 at 50pa before continuing. A

visible air barrier at this stage ensures

they can address any problems which

the air tester finds.

Air test result: 0.42 h-1 @50pa

ID Task Name

1 Pre-construction Phase2 Letter of intent (Agreed)3 Contractor lead in/ mobilisation period4 WAC test info issued5 Develop Construction phase Health & Safety Plan6 Develop Construction phase Site waste Management Plan7 Develop Construction phase contract programme8 Site/ services surveys9 Develop information required schedule10 Submit (H,S & E) plans for approval11 Approval issued1213 Construction Phase14 Enabling/ Site Set Up15 Trim/ Tree protection measures16 Temporary compound17 Site Accommodation18 Erect temporary hoarding to neighbouring property19 Substructure20 Setting Out21 Remove existing fencing (inc walls and fence to north garden)22 Remove all kerbs/ trees/ vegatation23 Basement insulation/ land drain24 Topsoil/ footpath strip to perimeter of building25 Reduced level excavation to perimeter (maintain access to building interior)26 Prepare substructure perimeter brickwork27 Apply insulation/ inc working platforms28 Strike working platforms29 Form landrain/ foamed glass insulation30 Backfill with as dug material from lightwell excavation31 Lay/ compact hardcore32 Amphitheatre33 Complete reduce Level Excavation34 Excavate for rain water harvesting tanks (inc earthwork support)35 Install rain water harvesting tanks/ ducts and backfill36 Form outline to batters/ access to basement construction37 Demolition/ Asbestos38 Type 3 asbestos survey39 Strip out all asbestos40 Additional asbestos as per type 3 survey (AI2)41 Remove additional loose furniture/ cooking equipment42 Soft strip43 Demolition - form/ seal up openings (Inc lintels/ steels)/ remove windows/walls/floors etc44 Steelwork - basement thresholds inc concrete45 Steelwork - internal and external balcononies46 Erect birdcage scaffold47 Remove roof (ASBESTOS) coverings/ roof members back to trusses48 Form new internal/ external strip/ pad foundations/ holding down bolts49 Superstructure50 Erect perimeter scaffold/ temporary roof over51 Clean off external walls (vegetation/ M&E equipment etc)52 Erect single storey steelwork53 Prepare walls/ wrap steelbeams etc for insulation54 Brick up upstand walls etc55 Fit windows/ doors/ louvres56 Install external membrane 57 Install insulation system58 Strengthen roof trusses59 Roof carcassing (single storey roof)60 Roof Caracassing (pitched)61 Roof fall arrest sytsem62 Lightning Protection63 Ashphalt (inc insulation)64 Roof Insulation & metal sheet Coverings (inc copings etc)65 Air pressure test - NO166 Weather tight67 Remove temporary roof covering68 Velux roof lights69 Kitchen extract70 Water tight71 Paving72 Solar panel (inc pipe connections)73 Photovoltaic panels (Inc cabling)74 Rain Water Goods75 External venetian blind louvre system76 Install green roof77 Strike Scaffold (progressive to suit works)78 Entrance canopy/ vertical (Cedar) timber lining79 Fit Out & Finishes80 Excavate/ install pump station81 Builders work/ chases etc82 Flexible tanking83 Install glazed screen tracks84 Install floor insulation - basement85 Make good screeds/ Screed floors (50mm, 70mm and unbonded screeds)86 Mechanical First Fix (inc plantroom)87 Electrical First Fix88 Carpenter First Fix89 Fire Stopping/ air tight sealing penetrations (Passivhaus spec)90 Air pressure test no 291 Dry lining to walls92 Ceiling Boarding93 Ceiling & Wall Plastering94 Mist coat95 IPS System - Sanitaryware96 Install glazed screens97 Kitchen Base Units & Cupboards98 Ceramic Tiling99 Mechanical Second Fix

100 Electrical Second Fix101 Electric/ Gas/ Water on102 Carpentry Second Fix (inc doors/ ironmongery etc)103 Decorations104 Vinyl Flooring105 Sanitaryware106 Kitchen fit out & fire curtain107 M&E finals108 Testing & Commissioning109 Junkers timber flooring (or equivalent)110 Acoustic paneling (Hall/ recording studio)111 Fixtures & Fittings112 Carpets113 Inspections & Handover114 Snag/ de-snag115 Air pressure test No 3116 HAND OVER117 EXTERNAL WORKS118 Form crib lock wall and batters (for terracing by others)119 Storm water connections to existing120 Foul Water Drainage to existing121 Grading & Sub-base122 Kerb/ timber edging123 Paving124 External timber decking & handrailing125 Lighting Ducts & Cables126 External Lights & Bollards127 Prep Sub-base/ Tarmac128 Form bin store129 Tarmac 130 Bonded gravel coating131 Reinstate boundary walls/ fencing inc foundations as required132 Place top soil to levels133 Inspections134 HAND OVER135 Clear Site

91%19/04

91%100%

100%50%

100%100%

100%100%100%

5%100%

100%100%100%

100%21%

0%100%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%45%

100%100%

100%100%

100%40%

0%0%

100%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%22/10

26/100%

0%0%

09/110%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%07/12

0%0%

0%0%0%

0%0%

0%0%0%

02/020%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

14/0330/03

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%

0%0%0%0%

0%30/03

0%

W-4 W-3 W-2 W-1 W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8 W9 W10 W11 W12 W13 W14 W15 W16 W17 W18 W19 W20 W21 W22 W23 W24 W25 W26 W27 W28 W29 W30 W31 W32 W33 W34 W35 W36 W37 W38 W39 W40 W41 W42 W43 W44 W45 W46 W4719 A 26 A 03 M 10 M 17 M 24 M 31 M 07 J 14 J 21 J 28 J 05 J 12 J 19 J 26 J 02 A 09 A 16 A 23 A 30 A 06 S 13 S 20 S 27 S 04 O 11 O 18 O 25 O 01 N 08 N 15 N 22 N 29 N 06 D 13 D 20 D 27 D 03 J 10 J 17 J 24 J 31 J 07 F 14 F 21 F 28 F 07 M 14 M 21 M 28 M 04 A

MAYVILLE COMMUNITY CENTRECONTRACT PROGRAMME

PERCENTAGES CHART AS OF 11/6/10

REVISION: Tender (B)REVISED:

Page 1 DRAWN : A FLETCHERTracked:11/8/10

! !


2010Work commences with external

excavations & basement tanking


2010External basement insulation:

200mm extruded polystyrene insulation


2011External wall insulation:

300mm expanded polystyrene insulation

glued and mechanically fixed over airtight

parge coat


2011Preparing the existing roof trusses

for new roof covering - Buxtons site

manager attending to air tightness

details before fixing purlins


2011Roof insulation installer workmanship issue!

Thermal imaging lessons from another project

After insulation was refitted correctly, zinc roof covering is installed:


2011Installing rooflights without cold

bridging:

(1) Velux windows with insulation kits.

(2) Fixed rooflights on Foamglas


2011Rooflights without cold bridging:

Thermal isolation detail using Foamglas


2011Installing windows in the zone of

insulation, avoiding cold bridging

Retractable blinds for summer shading


2011Training the site carpenters in the

passivhaus method of fitting of

windows

Making ‘rabbit ears’


2011Inflatable window bags

German headless screws

Screws do not require plugs

Suspend the window without distortion


2011Line of airtightness maintained by

correctly folded tapes to form a good

quality connection between windows and

parge coat on walls. Cill tapes are fixed

separately. EPS insulation will follow, with

deep window cills and insulation part-

covering the window frames. Non-opening

windows are fixed by means of metal tabs.


2011Foamglas for parapet walls without cold bridging:


2011Schock thermal isolators against

cold bridging, located in line of floor

insulation.

Avoiding cold bridging

Avoiding condensation

Avoiding mould growth

Protecting healthy air quality


2011Insulating outside foundations

Insulating inside existing slab


Oct 2011The Mayville Community Centre is the first non-domestic certified Passivhaus retrofit in the UK


2011Approaching completion....


2010

bere:architects

(2) Building performance evaluation (Funded by the Technology Strategy Board)

bere:architects

Four projects included within BPE Programme

Larch House code 6 zero carbon passivhaus

Ranulf Road passivhaus

Lime House code 5 passivhaus

Mayville passivhaus retrofit

bere:architects

Objectives

• To find out if this low energy, all-electric Passivhaus can

achieve its 90% target energy reductions in practice.

• Detailed in-use monitoring to understand any differences

between the design performance and in-use performance.

• To investigate the impact of unregulated emissions.

• Fabric performance testing

• Performance of renewable energy technologies

• Air quality testing

• Investigate occupant comfort

• Develop a methodology for fine-tuning a building

In the UK there is often a three-fold difference between

calculated and actual energy consumption.

bere:architects

Method

Funding

Technology Strategy Board Building Performance Evaluation (BPE)

Non-domestic Project - Mayville

Working with Rod Bunn of BSRIA; a TSB Technical Evaluator.

Method

Installing just 10 data loggers to establish the big picture and then

focus on any issues as they are revealed; only installing equipment

as necessary to find answers to problems.

1st of September 2011

The monitoring started


bere:architects

Energy Calculations - Mayville

Existing building total energy demand - 581 kWh/m2 per annum

As designed total energy demand - 42.5 kWh/m2 per annum

= 92% reduction (figures based on net energy usage)

PV generation - 21.7 kWh/m2 per annum

Existing building emissions rate - 110 kgCO2/m2 per annum

As designed building emissions rate - 13.7 kgCO2/m2 per annum

= 87.5 % improvement

Target emissions rate - 18 kgCO2/m2 per annum (using SBEM)

Total energy bills existing £10,000Total as designed energy bills £800

Picture taking your lunch break in the Olympic Park – using the Aquatics Centre or the Velodrome, nipping to the shops of Westfield Stratford City or enjoying your sandwich by the river.

The Park will be an exciting place that works in every sense, delivering new homes, local jobs and long-term opportunities, all linked to the rest of this global city.

– 11 schools and nurseries – 3 health centres

The neighbourhoods of the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park will provide residents with a range of homes in an exceptional location that will become one of London’s most celebrated places over the next ten years.

Importantly, these neighbourhoods will include vital community facilities such as schools, shops, places to relax, play and exercise as well as faith, health and community centres – all within easy walking distance.

The stated need from local residents is for real jobs and opportunities to build careers across a range of business sectors.

The Park and its key employment hubs will start to address this need by creating 8-10,000 jobs located in inspiring modern workspaces within an inviting parkland setting.

Imagine being able to walk or cycle for a few minutes to reach your new office, in the shadow of some of London’s best-known buildings, including the 115m ArcelorMittal Orbit.

COMMUNITIES THAT wORK AND GROw

Three key employment hubs

bere:architects

Performance evaluation

Flow meters were installed on to pipework as part of the main

contract to make setting up monitoring easier.

Sub-metering is extensive but not over-complicated. There are

submeters serving the ground floor and basement lighting, and

the first floor lighting. The photovoltaics, air handling unit, heat

pump compressor, top-up immersion heater for the heat pump,

rainwater and sewage pumps also have sub-meters.

There is no on-site premises management, so the user controls

have been deigned to be intuitive to use and need to be clearly

labelled.

User GuideMayville Community Centre

Alan Clarke (Energy Consultant and Building Services Engineer) Tel: 01594 563356 E-mail: [email protected]

bere:architects (Passivhaus Specialists)Tel: 020 7359 4503 E-mail: [email protected]

or For further information about these features:

Larch & Lime Houses

Larch & Lime Houses

Larch & Lime Houses

Larch & Lime Houses

1 Heat recovery ventilation unit

4 Heat recovery ventilation control panel

5 External blinds control (for summer cooling)

12 Fire alarm control

7 Timer for ventilation

10 Hot water storage

11 Hot water from the sun

6 Night cooling

8 CO2 Sensor for main hall ventilation

9 Radiators and thermostatic valves

2 Fresh air vents

3 Extract air vents

13 Lighting control

14 Heat pump

15 Rain water (grey water)

16 Electrical sub metering

The term passivhaus refers to an advanced low energy construction standard for buildings, which have excellent comfort conditions in both winter and summer. They typically achieve a heating saving of 90% compared to existing housing. Passivhaus buildings are easy to live in and require little maintenance, but they do have some important

features, which are explained in this guide. The features are simple to operate, but a full understanding will help you get the lowest energy consumption and best comfort. This guide has been design by Alan Clarke and bere:architects for you (the user) to understand how a passivhaus works and how to operate the controls in this house.

Each feature is labelled on the drawings below, highlighting their locations and briefly explaining how to operate them in the corresponding text. Please take the time to read this guide and familiarise yourself with the controls.

This building is a Retro-fit Passivhaus.

1

716

1514

1210

46 6

6

5 5

5Multi-purpose

Meetingplace Hall

Store

Office space

Office spaceKitchen

Dining area

Foyer

Reception

Void

IT Suite

Green Roof

Terrace Garden

Existing Building

Solar Panels

Roof light

Hall

StudioMulti-purpose

MPC Office

Walkway

Therapy Room

Therapy Room

Lift

Lobb

y

Garden

Studio

Lift

Stu

dio

Lobb

y

WCStore

Dis WC

Delivered with ‘Details form passive Houses’ by IBO Book

The heat recovery ventilation unit keeps the air fresh and pre-warmed in winter, using these fresh air vents.

Ground floor plan First floor plan Section B-B Lower Ground floor plan

Provides continuous fresh air to the community centre, and saves heat from WCs and kitchens to warm fresh air for the office, main hall, dining room IT suite etc. The system saves about 10 times more energy than it uses! It is located in the plant room. The filter needs changing every 3 months in london air.

33

3

3

3

2 2 2

2

32

8

These vents remove possible stale and damp air from the kitchen, main hall and WC’s. The ventilation runs 7am - 7pm. The extract air vent filter in the kitchen needs to be vacuumed about every 3 months depending on how much cooking is done.

To control air flow. this should not be altered under any circumstance

Currently set to run ventilation from 7am - 7pm, 7 days a week

To provide heat for domestic hot water tank and heating tank.

These dimmer switches provide a choice of light levels in some rooms. However dimmable lighting was removed from some spaces to save capital costs.

Pump to recycle rainwater for WCs. 6500 litres of water is saved under the south garden for WCs. An additional 5000 litres of water is saved for the garden.

These submeters can be illuminated by pressing a button on the face. We are measuring data every monday for research purposes.

For bathroom + kitchen use

A smaller Tank for radiator use

Due to the large air volume in the main hall, it is only necessary to add fresh air when larger groups of people raise the CO2 level to around 1000ppm

This is the central fire alarm control, located in the entrance hall.

To keep cool in the summer take advantage of colder night time temperatures outside by leaving the windows open in the “tilt” position overnight (subject to site security). If it’s hotter outside in the day you can shut the windows and external blinds.

Simple, easily understood thermostatic radiator valves give individuals control of their space temperatures

A solar themal vacuum tube panel supplies 60-80% of the annual hot water usage. In winter the panel can heat the bottom half of the tank and the boiler is used to top up the temperature. This means there is always hot water available in the tank even on a cloudy day.

In summer the outside blinds minimise solar gains from the sun. These are manually controlled by the centre manager from reception.

Hot water is always ready in the tank this is due to the tank being very well insulated so that the water will not cool down overnight.





Larch & Lime Houses

Larch & Lime Houses

Larch & Lime Houses

Larch & Lime Houses








6 Night cooling



2 Fresh air vents

3 Extract air vents

13 Lighting control

14 Heat pump







1

716

1514

1210

46 6

6

5 5

5Multi-purpose

Meetingplace Hall

Store

Office space

Office spaceKitchen

Dining area

Foyer

Reception

Void

IT Suite

Green Roof

Terrace Garden

Existing Building

Solar Panels

Roof light

Hall

StudioMulti-purpose

MPC Office

Walkway

Therapy Room

Therapy Room

Lift

Lobb

y

Garden

Studio

Lift

Stu

dio

Lobb

y

WCStore

Dis WC





33

3

3

3

2 2 2

2

32

8

















bere:architects





Larch & Lime Houses

Larch & Lime Houses

Larch & Lime Houses

Larch & Lime Houses








6 Night cooling



2 Fresh air vents

3 Extract air vents

13 Lighting control

14 Heat pump







1

716

1514

1210

46 6

6

5 5

5Multi-purpose

Meetingplace Hall

Store

Office space

Office spaceKitchen

Dining area

Foyer

Reception

Void

IT Suite

Green Roof

Terrace Garden

Existing Building

Solar Panels

Roof light

Hall

StudioMulti-purpose

MPC Office

Walkway

Therapy Room

Therapy Room

Lift

Lobb

y

Garden

Studio

Lift

Stu

dio

Lobb

y

WCStore

Dis WC





33

3

3

3

2 2 2

2

32

8

















bere:architects

1st Stage Design Review

Site walk through

Review of drawings

SAP/PHPP review

Interviews

• Client representatives

• Architects

• Energy Consultants

• Contractors

bere:architects


Interventions and Investigations to date - Lighting

Lux levels will initially be set to a low threshold before lighting

comes on.

Through discussion with occupants the control will provide

the minimum amount required rather than flooding the building

with light when it is not required (controls were set up with

switch on/ switch off plus off with light and motion sensors)

bere:architects

Passive House PlanningBuilding: Mildmay Community Centre U T I L I S A T I O N Non-domestic Use

Latitude [°]: 54

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 15 16 17 18 20 27

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1 Meeting rooms BF 10 20 10 312 3120 2492 628 500 0.8 0.80 0.60 1.02 Music studio BF 14 24 10 208 2080 840 1240 300 0.8 0.80 0.80 1.03 Reception GF 10 18 9 350 2975 2728 247 500 0.8 0.80 0.5 1.04 Kitchen GF 10 14 4 350 1400 1400 0 500 0.8 0.80 0.3 1.05 Dining area GF 11 21 10 350 3500 2464 1036 200 0.8 0.80 0.5 0.76 Workshop GF 10 20 10 350 3500 2795 705 500 0.8 0.80 0.5 1.07 Main hall GF 13 21 8 350 2800 1764 1036 300 0.8 0.80 0.8 0.78 Workshop/IT 1F 10 16 6 260 1560 1550 10 500 0.8 0.80 0.3 1.09 MCP Office 1F 10 18 8 312 2496 2276 220 500 0.8 0.80 0.3 1.0

10 0 0 0 0 0.8011 Circulation Area 9.0 21 12 350 4200 3164 1036 100 0.8 0.80 0.9 1.012 WC and sanitary 9.0 21 12 350 4200 3164 1036 100 0.8 0.80 0.9 1.013 Storage 6.0 21 15 350 5250 3970 1280 100 0.8 0.80 1.0 1.014 0 0 0 0 0.8015 0 0 0 0 0.8016 0 0 0 0 0.8017 0 0 0 0 0.8018 0 0 0 0 0.80

19 0 0 0 0 0.80

20 0 0 0 0 0.80

21 Single Office 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 500 0.80 0.80 0.30 0.70 10.00

22 Group Office 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 500 0.80 0.80 0.30 0.70

23 Open-Plan Office 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 500 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00 15.0024 Meeting 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 500 0.80 0.80 0.50 1.00 2.0025 Counter Area 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 200 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00

26 Retail 8 20 12 300 3600 2999 601 300 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00 7.00

27 Classroom 8 15 7 200 1400 1398 2 300 0.80 0.80 0.25 0.90 2.00

28 University Auditorium 8 18 10 150 1500 1409 91 500 0.80 0.80 0.25 0.70 0.75

29 Bedroom 0 24 24 365 8760 4407 4353 300 0.80 0.80 0.00 0.50

30 Hotel Room 21 8 11 365 4015 755 3260 200 0.80 0.80 0.25 0.30

31 Canteen 8 15 7 250 1750 1748 2 200 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00

32 Restaurant 10 0 14 300 4200 2404 1796 200 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00 1.50

33 Kitchen Non-Residential 10 23 13 300 3900 2404 1496 500 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00

34 Kitchen, Storage, Preparation 7 23 16 300 3900 2404 1496 300 0.80 0.80 0.50 1.00

35 WC, Sanitary 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 200 0.80 0.80 0.90 1.00

36 Other Habitable Rooms 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 300 0.80 0.80 0.50 1.00

37 Secondary Areas 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 100 0.80 0.80 0.90 1.00

38 Circulation Area 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 100 0.00 0.00 0.80 1.00

39 Storage, Services 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 100 0.80 0.80 0.98 1.00

40 Server Room 0 24 24 365 8760 4407 4353 500 0.80 0.80 0.50 0.50

41 Workshop 7 16 9 250 2250 2192 58 500 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00

42 Theater Auditorium 19 23 4 250 1001 55 946 200 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00

43 Theater Foyer 19 23 4 250 1001 55 946 300 0.80 0.80 0.50 1.00

44 Theater Stage 13 23 10 250 2500 1253 1247 1000 0.80 0.80 0.00 0.60

45 Fair, Congress 13 18 5 150 1350 1260 90 300 0.80 0.80 0.50 1.00

46 Exhibition 10 18 8 250 2001 1850 151 200 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00

47 Library Reading Room 8 20 12 300 3600 2999 601 500 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00

48 Open Access Library 8 20 12 300 3600 2999 601 200 0.80 0.80 0.00 1.00

49 Library Repository 8 20 12 300 3600 2999 601 100 0.80 0.80 0.90 1.00

50 Gymnasium 8 23 15 300 4500 3002 1498 300 0.80 0.80 0.30 1.00

51 Parking Garage 7 18 11 250 2750 2543 207 75 0.00 0.00 0.95 1.00

52 Public Parking Garage 9 0 15 365 5475 3290 2185 75 0.00 0.00 0.80 1.00

PHPP 2007, Use Non-Dom 300mc ph s101020rw Mayville PHPP revised.xls


Interventions and Investigations to date - HRV

The heat recovery ventilation is set to run from 7am to 7pm.

It does not run through the night in order to save electricity.

Separating the heat from the air allows the ventilation to be

switched off at night.

The intention is to monitor occupancy hours through the early

occupancy stage and adjust hours of operation of ventilation as

required.

Occupancy data will also be fed into the PHPP and reviewed.

bere:architects

2nd Stage Fabric tests

In Situ U-Values

Thermography

Thermal Bridge Analysis

Air Pressure testing

Tracer gas (optional)

7

2.2.2 Air Infiltration A CO2 decay test was carried out to measure the air infiltration rate during the co-heating test. The method involves monitoring the decay of the internal CO2 concentration following an injection of the tracer gas. A CO2 canister, acting as the source, was located by one of the ground floor mixing fans and set for a daily, 15 min timed release of CO2 . This is achieved through the canisters governor and a mains plug-in timer. The tracer gas is placed in front of a fan to encourage mixing and allowed internal concentrations of CO2 reached levels of 1000-1200ppm. CO2 sensors located on the ground and first floors can then track the decay in internal levels of CO2 and hence calculate the air infiltration rate.

Figure 6: (Right) CO2 canister and mixing fan

2.2.3 Heat Flux Measurements Heat flux sensors were placed on the interior wall and floor to measure the heat flux through the fabric and therefore measure the respective u-values. The sensors, attached with thermal paste, leave lasting marks and therefore could only be located in a cupboard beneath the stairs. This meant that u-value measurements from the heat flux sensors could only be taken for the floor slab and for the ground floor wall.

Figure 7: Heat flux sensors on ground floor wall and slab

Heat Flux Sensors

19

3.3 Heat Flux Results The flux measured on the ground floor slab and ground floor exterior wall is shown in the table below. The ground floor slab is adjoining to the earth beneath itself, not the external air. The ΔT here is therefore derived from a predicted ground temperature for April-‐March (10oC), not the measured external air as in the case of the wall.

PHPP [W/m2K]

Measured [W/m2K]

Lower Wall 0.122 0.102 ± 0.017 Ground Floor Slab 0.103 0.099 ± 0.013 Table 3: Designed and measured u-‐values

Figure 15: Thermal image of location of heat flux sensors, showing uniform wall and floor

bere:architects

Air infiltration loss testsCamden Passivhaus

Air test 0.44 CO2 Decay 0.38

CO2 calculations suggest Passivhaus is performing at least to airtest

Larch House


CO2 calculations suggest Passivhaus is performing at least to airtest

Lime House


CO2 calculations suggest Passivhaus is performing considerably better than airtest

Mayville

Air test 0.42 CO2 Decay tbc

bere:architects

3rd Stage Performance Monitoring

Review commissioning records, and identify need for fine-tuning and seasonal re-commissioning

Nov’11 to Feb’12 - manual meter monitoring Stage A TM22

Installation of additional energy monitoring kit, as required

Monitor initial energy consumption to April’12, to Stage B TM22

Installation of monitoring sensors and loggers if necessary

Continuation of energy monitoring to October 2012 to Stage C TM22

Continuation of energy monitoring to October 2013 (second full year) to Stage C TM22

TM 22 main results page

bere:architects

Building user survey

bere:architects

• Energy savings in existing buildings are easily achieved using PHPP

• Refurbishment is the perfect opportunity to reduce energy consumption

• We can get the biggest energy reductions by concentrating on fabric first to

hold on to the winter warmth inside the building

• We should make use of triple glazing to benefit from solar gains whenever

available in winter - and for comfort

• We should minimise draughts to save heat and improving comfort

• We should minimise cold bridging to avoid unhealthy condensation

• In summer ventilate by simply opening windows, preferably at night,

benefitting from a little thermal mass to help cooling

• Ideally use some retractable shading on large south areas of glazing

• We should ventilate in winter in a controlled fashion with heat recovery so that

heat isn’t thrown away

Interim conclusions

bere:architects

Knowledge transfer

The results of the BPE study will be uploaded to the EST repository,

where it will be available for research purposes.

BSRIA will publish conclusions in DELTA T, using the project to produce

reporting templates applicable to all TSB funded BPE projects.

The lessons learnt are expected to be relevant to a wide range of solid

wall buildings across the UK in need of retrofit.

bere:architects

(3) The social impact

bere:architects

Social Impact

The Passivhaus approach, of a building looking after

its occupants; a community centre looking after its

community.

bere:architects

Social Impact

bere:architects

Thank you

Justin Bere, bere:architects

www.bere.co.uk

twitter @jbere

The Green Deal A Good Deal for Construction?

Constructing Excellence, Berkshire9 November 20119 November 2011

Richard WadePartner, Head of Construction

Attitudes (1)C t ti I d t CIOB S “Th GConstruction Industry – CIOB Survey; “The Green Perspective”

Sample of 847 construction industry professionals (company directors and management)98% id i d t h l t l i l ti t 98% consider industry has role to play in solution to climate change; 54% consider industry participation in reducing CO2 levels as “vital”educ g CO e e s as a

Current UK building regulations do not go far enough to create energy efficient buildings (66.6%)

Demand for energy efficient buildings on increase (73%) Green building is the future for construction (94.6%) Lack of financial incentives and client demand holding

back zero carbon construction (44.9%)

Attitudes (2) Government/EU Targets

Rio Kyoto and the IPCCRio, Kyoto and the IPCC

“20-20-20 Agreement”

Reduction in CO2 emissions from 1990 levels by 80% by 2050

Greater use of renewable power, energy efficiency and capping carbon emissions by use of budgets every 5 yearsy g y y

Climate Change Act 2008 (1)Climate Change Act 2008 (1)

Royal assent/commencement 26 November 2008

Requires: Requires:-– a 34% cut in 1990 greenhouse gas emissions by 2020, and– at least an 80% cut in emissions by 2050y

“enhances the UK's ability to adapt to the impact of climate h ” (DEFRA)change” (DEFRA)

Climate Change Act 2008 (2)Climate Change Act 2008 (2)

Establishes – UK wide climate change risk assessment every five years; – national adaptation programme;

Government power to require ’bodies with functions of a– Government power to require bodies with functions of a public nature’ and ‘statutory undertakers’ (companies like water and energy utilities) to report on:- h th h d th i k f li t h t how they have assessed the risks of climate change to

their work; and what they are doing to address these risks;

Primarily aimed at meeting emissions target and tackling domestic waste

UK G t Obj tiUK Government Objectives

to “drive down demand [for energy across the economy] to drive down demand [for energy across the economy], increase efficiency and reduce wasted energy”

to “reduce energy use by households, businesses and the public sector and to help protect the fuel poor”

to reform the electricity market to encourage low carbon investment

to build renewable energy systems across the UK to ensure that at least 15% of energy comes from renewable sources by 2020

DECC B i Pl 2011 2015DECC Business Plan 2011-2015

to establish low carbon technologies including renewable power

a new generation of nuclear power

clean fossil fuels using carbon capture and storage clean fossil fuels using carbon capture and storage

The Green DealThe Green Deal

– Energy Act – introduced 8 December 2010; became law gy ;(royal assent) 18 October 2011

– Coalition’s flagship initiative for improving energy efficiency of buildings removing upfront costof buildings, removing upfront cost

– Intended to “revolutionise … energy efficiency of British properties”p p

– 25% of UK’s carbon emissions comes from the energy used to heat homes

– Around 50% more energy is used to heat and power homes than is used to power UK industry “C ll f E id ” l h d i M h l d– “Call for Evidence” – launched in March; now closed

– Focus on small scale projects

The Energy Act – key elements

– Remove the upfront cost of energy efficiency measures making expensive home improvement affordable

– Work to be repaid over time through a charge on the home’s energy bill (information on bill to be clearer)

– Repayments must obey “golden rule”, namely that charge is p y y g y gno more than the expected savings

– Consumer protection “at the heart of the Green Deal”; all Green Deal participants (installers) to carry “quality mark” p p ( ) y q y

– Extra financial help to be provided for most vulnerable/ hardest to treat homesImprove at least 682 000 privately rented homes; from April– Improve at least 682,000 privately rented homes; from April 2018 it will be unlawful to rent out a house or business premise which has less than an “E” energy efficiency ratingfacilitates the roll out of smart meters– facilitates the roll-out of smart meters

Implementation – proposed timetablep p p

N f l lt ti d l i l ti– Now : formal consultation on secondary legislation

Early 2012: secondary legislation laid before– Early 2012: secondary legislation laid before Parliament

– Spring 2012: detailed industry guidance prepared

– Autumn 2012: first Green Deals appear

The Green Deal

– “When it’s introduced, the Green Deal will be as easy as ABC by making work affordable, providing bespoke independent advice and choice in the market from well-known and trusted high street names”known and trusted high street names

(Chris Huhne, Climate Change Secretary)

“ h G D l ill b i b i– “the Green Deal will be a massive business opportunity. It’s expected to attract capital investment of up to £15 billion in the residential sector alone by theof up to £15 billion in the residential sector alone by the end of this decade and at its peak, the Green Deal could support around 250,000 jobs”

(G C C )(Greg Barker, Climate Change Minister)

G D l FiGreen Deal Finance

“Pay as you save” principlePay as you save principle

The Golden Rule:-

– for accessing the Green Deal Finance - the cost of the improvement works should not exceed the expect savings; and

– the length of time to pay back the cost of the measure should not exceed the lifetime of the measure itself

Typically owners should be able to be more energy efficient at no additional cost; in addition the consumer will be offered ;advice to further reduce their energy consumption

G D l Fi li ibilit it iGreen Deal Finance – eligibility criteria

Step 1: proposed measure must be ‘eligible’ for finance under Green Deal

Step 2; measure must be ‘suitable for the property’ as determined by Green Deal Assessor

Step 3; measure must meet the Golden Rule

(See DECC publication “What measures does the Green Deal cover?”, June 2011)

G D l Fi th i d d lGreen Deal Finance – the envisaged model

Assessment undertaken by a qualified Green Deal Assessor Assessment undertaken by a qualified Green Deal Assessor which makes recommendations as to potential areas of improvement

Approved Green Deal Provider to evaluate package of measures recommended and make an offer (the “charge”) which is based on estimated energy savings to result from measures/likely cost of installation (including finance)

Charge to be attached to energy meters at property and shows the length of the repayment period

G D l Fi dditi l ttGreen Deal Finance – additional matters

Owners and tenants eligible for Green Deal Finance withOwners and tenants eligible for Green Deal Finance with consent from all parties that have an interest in the property (including energy bill payer!)

Not a traditional loan or finance but likely to count as a fixed term credit arrangement (regulated by the Consumer Credit Act 1974)

Therefore Green Deal Providers will need Consumer Credit Licence before they can operate

The presence of a Green Deal Finance scheme must be disclosed to any future occupier of the property, such as a tenant or ownertenant or owner

F d I T iff (FIT )Feed-In Tariffs (FITs)

Currently Under ReviewCurrently Under Review

Government-backed measure encouraging production of renewable electricityelectricity

3 ways that the Tariffs helps generation of revenue your energy production:-– Generation Tariff: fixed income for every kilowatt hour of electricity

you generated and used– Export Tariff: additional fixed income for every kilowatt hour of

electricity generated and sold back to the grid.– Purchase of reduced quantity of electricity from supplierPurchase of reduced quantity of electricity from supplier

http://www.fitariffs.co.uk

The Green Deal A Good Deal for Construction?

Constructing Excellence, Berkshire9 November 20119 November 2011

Richard WadePartner, Head of Construction

Retrofit or Rebuild: Decisions Design Finance

Real Estate

multipurpose community

s university

s buildings

project http http

mayville communitystale

high levels of air

passivhaus conversion

electrical energy