Top Banner

of 106

Retail Financial Services

Apr 14, 2018

Download

Documents

philipkptr
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    1/106

    Retail Financial Services

    JMJ

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    2/106

    Contents

    Retail Financial Services

    o Credit Cards

    o Debit Cards

    o Smart Cards

    o Automated Teller Machines

    o Electronic Fund Transfero Electronic Clearing

    o Portfolio Management Services

    o Broking Services

    o Consumer Credit

    o Hire Purchase Finance

    o Housing Finance

    o Personal Tax Counseling

    o Internet Banking

    o Virtual Banking

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    3/106

    Retail Financial Services

    The retail financial services (RFS) sector covers

    all banking, insurance and wealth management

    services to individuals and small businesses.

    It helps to meet the financial needs of

    consumers and small businesses.

    The retail financial services market is having apotential $30 billion and it is regarded as the key

    driver to the Indian economy.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    4/106

    Retail Financial services are.

    oCredit cards

    oDebit cards

    o Smart cards

    oAutomated Teller

    Machines

    oElectronic Fund Transfer

    oElectronic Clearing

    oPortfolio Management

    Services

    oBroking Services

    oConsumer Credit

    oHire Purchase Finance

    oHousing Finance

    oPersonal Tax

    Counseling

    o Internet Banking

    oVirtual Banking

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    5/106

    JMJ

    Credit Cards

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    6/106

    What is Credit card?

    A credit card is a card or mechanism which enables

    cardholders to purchase goods, travel and dine in a

    hotel without making immediate payments.

    It is a part of a system of payments named after the

    small plastic card issued to users(Cardholders) of

    the system. The issuer of the card grants a line ofcredit to the user from which he/she can borrow

    money for payment to a merchant(Member

    establishment) or as a cash advance to the user.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    7/106

    Parties to a Credit Card

    Issuer: Bank or other card

    issuing organisations

    Cardholders: Individuals,

    corporate bodies, etc

    Member Establishments:

    Shops and service

    organisations enlisted byissuer who accept credit cardsMember

    Affiliate:

    Visa, Master

    Card, etc

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    8/106

    Procedure of credit card operation

    The card holder gives the card to the merchant afterthe purchase of something.

    She/he after proper verification swipe it with the

    card payment terminal.

    After electronic verification n account adjustments,

    a charge slip in triplicate is being generated, one

    copy to customer, one to merchant, one to bank. The one copy of charge slip will be signed by the

    user for further verification n kept with merchant.

    Happy User. Happy Seller Happy Banker..!

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    9/106

    How it works?

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    10/106

    Types of Credit Cards

    1. Credit Card

    Normal card, can purchase without cash n canwithdraw money.

    Revolving credit principle

    A limit in the amount that can be spend, up to 45 daysof credit, interest on outstanding ( 30 -36 % /annum)

    2. Charge Card

    Convenient means of payment for goods purchased. Makes purchase, consolidated bill for a specific period.

    Bills are payable in full on presentation.

    No interest charges, no limits on spending

    Andhra bank, BOB, Can, Diners club card etc

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    11/106

    3. In-Store Card Issued by retailers or companies, but purchase restricted to

    issuers outlets or products only.

    Payment on monthly or extended credit basis, but interest ischarged for extended period.

    Usually issued by hotels, resorts, petroleum Cos, etc

    4. Corporate Credit Cards Issued to public, private limited Cos and public sector units.

    Add-on cards can be issued to persons authorized by company. Name of the Co 'will be endorsed on add-on cards.

    Transactions on add-on cards are also billed to main card anddebits are made to companys account.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    12/106

    5. Business Cards Similar to corporate card.

    Meant for the use of proprietary concerns, firms, etc.

    Limit is fixed based on status of firms.

    6. Virtual card Main purpose is to provide security.

    Can be generated by anybody at any time if he has alreadyregistered his name in Banks website.

    Lapses after use and cant be revised.

    Completely prevents misuse and offered to existing card

    holders free of cost.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    13/106

    Benefits of Credit card

    To card holders:

    Simple to operate and easy to carry. No risk of carrying

    cash or cheque book . Purchase now- Payment later.

    Can also be used as ATM card.

    Overdraft facility is also available on past credit rating.

    Purchasing power increases and have extra money free

    of interest.

    Provides certain level of prestige.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    14/106

    Benefits of Credit card

    To issuers:

    Offers high profit- Commission of 2.5% on sales, 1.5%

    on outstanding, and sometimes may accumulates to60% per annum.

    May help to get new customers

    Helps to reduce cost

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    15/106

    Benefits of Credit card

    To Member Establishments:

    Has guarantee of payment and no bad debts.

    Speedy settlement of bills by banks and a good cashflow can be maintained.

    Reduces cash security risk.

    Can offer credit facility without setting up own credit

    arrangements.

    Helps to increase volume of business.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    16/106

    Demerits of Credit card

    To Card Holders:

    May have the burden of service charge, annual fee,membership fee, etc.

    A minimum of 5-10% have to paid for the late payment.

    Heavy interest rate for defaulters n some hiddencharges may occur.

    May tempt the holders to spend more than their

    income and repaying capacity.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    17/106

    Demerits of Credit card

    To issuers:

    Cost involved is high- Cost of card, cost of staff toprocess applications, cost of placing and marketing, etc

    The menace of frauds perpetuated by holders of fake

    cards.

    Disputes with member establishments.

    Underutilisation.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    18/106

    Demerits of Credit card

    To Member Establishment:

    The commission to be paid to the issuing banks/ creditcard organisation is heavy.

    Some banks may delay in payments.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    19/106

    Debit Cards

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    20/106

    What is Debit card?

    It is a plastic card which provides an alternativepayment method to cash when making purchases.

    The holder needs to have a bank account to getdebit card.

    Used widely for telephone and Internet purchases.

    It also allow for instant withdrawal of cash, acting as

    the ATM card for withdrawing cash

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    21/106

    After purchase the card holder can present the card

    to the merchant.

    Hell swipe card at terminal known as Point of SaleTerminal and the holder may be asked to enter the

    4 digit PIN.

    After further electronic processing, a sales slip will

    be generated in 3 copies as in credit card.

    The purchase amount will be automatically

    deducted from the bank account.

    Procedure of operation

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    22/106

    Benefits of Debit card

    No need to carry cash.

    Obtaining a debit card is easier than credit card.

    More security than Credit card. Avoids overdraft, permits to purchase only up to

    amount available in account.

    No service charge, fee, fine etc

    No worry of credit, monthly bills, payments etc.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    23/106

    Demerits of Debit card

    Record keeping is mandatory

    Convenience is not always guaranteed

    Hidden fees Internet scams

    Fear of loosing

    Some ATM machines charge a fee for use.

    No way to withhold payment.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    24/106

    Difference between Credit Card and Debit

    Card

    Credit Card

    1. Pay later Product

    2. Credit for 30 to 40 days

    3. No need of sophisticated

    telecommunication system

    4. No need of bank accountand balance in it.

    5. Possibility of risk of fraud is

    high.

    Debit Card

    1. Pay now Product

    2. No Credit, Amount

    debited immediately.3. Needs sophisticated

    communication network

    4. Needs bank account andsufficient balance in it.

    5. Risk is minimized through

    PIN.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    25/106

    Smart Cards

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    26/106

    Smart cards

    A smart card, chip card, or integrated circuit card(ICC), is any pocket-sized card with embedded

    integrated circuits which can process data.

    Two broad categories of ICCs.

    Memory cards: Contain only non-volatile

    memory storage components, and perhaps some

    specific security logic.Microprocessor: Contain volatile memory and

    microprocessor components.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    27/106

    It can receive input and can deliver output.

    The card is made of plastic, generally PVC.

    It has a hologram to avoid counterfeit ( imitation)

    Eg: SIM cards in mobile E.g HDFC

    Smart cards

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    28/106

    Applications of Smart cards

    Computer securitySmart cards are used to securely hold encryption

    keys, and also to add another layer of encryption tocritical parts of the secured disk.

    Financial ApplicationsATM cards, fuel cards, SIMs for mobile phones,

    authorization cards for pay television, high-securityidentification and access-control cards, and publictransport and public phone payment cards

    Identification

    Smart cards are used for authentication of identity.

    Entry cards, Licenses, etc

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    29/106

    Benefits of Smart cards

    It can be readily reconfigured Reusable

    Transactions can be done off and on-line

    Gives more security, thus reducing the risk oftransaction fraud

    High memory capabilities

    They are much more durable and reliable

    They allow multiple applications to be stored in onecard.

    It is more convenient, since people don't have to carry

    cash or multiple cards.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    30/106

    Demerits of Smart cards

    Fees applied with the use of a card

    It gives liability issues if stolen or lost

    Lack of technology to support users

    It is potential for too much data on one card if lost

    or stolen

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    31/106

    Automated Teller Machine

    Automated Teller Machine(ATM) is an

    electronic machine which is operated by the

    customer himself to make deposits withdrawals

    and other financial transactions

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    32/106

    Merits Round the clock quick service to the

    customers

    There is ease and privacy of operations Self operating and no need for bank

    staff

    Free from human errors

    Cost of maintenance of ATM is lesser

    Reduces rush in bank

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    33/106

    Demerits

    Initial set up cost is high

    This system demands a higher degree of

    sophistication and literacy on the part of users

    Cash dispensation is limited to a few

    denominations.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    34/106

    History

    Invented by Scot John Shepherd-Barron.

    The world's first ATM was installed in a branch ofBarclays in the northern London

    De La Rue developed the first electronic ATM First person to use-Reg Wamey

    The first ATMs accepted only a single-use token orvoucher

    The idea of a PIN stored on the card was developedby the British engineer John Rose in 1965

    Wide UK use in 1973

    IBM 2984 CIT (Cash Issuing Terminal) was the firsttrue Cashpoint, similar in function to today's

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    35/106

    Location

    Bank premises

    Public places

    Two typeso On premises-complement to an actual bank

    branchs capability.

    o Off premise-for straight need of cash.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    36/106

    Alternative uses

    Deposit currency recognition, acceptance, and recycling

    Paying routine bills, fees, and taxes (utilities, phone bills, social security,legal fees, taxes, etc.)

    Printing bank statements

    Updating passbooks

    Loading monetary value into stored value cards

    Purchasing

    Games and promotional feature

    Donating to charities

    Cheque Processing Module In Australia, Belgium, Cook Islands, Finland, Germany, Ireland, India, Italy,

    New Zealand, Portugal, South Africa, Spain and the United Kingdom, pre-paid cell phones can be recharged through some ATMs

    ATMs can also act as an advertising channel for companies to advertise

    their own products or third-party products and services.

    http://www.answers.com/topic/bank-statement-2http://www.answers.com/topic/passbookhttp://www.answers.com/topic/stored-value-cardhttp://www.answers.com/topic/australiahttp://www.answers.com/topic/belgiumhttp://www.answers.com/topic/cook-islandshttp://www.answers.com/topic/finlandhttp://www.answers.com/topic/germanyhttp://www.answers.com/topic/irelandhttp://www.answers.com/topic/la-indiahttp://www.answers.com/topic/italyhttp://www.answers.com/topic/portugalhttp://www.answers.com/topic/south-africahttp://www.answers.com/topic/spainhttp://www.answers.com/topic/united-kingdomhttp://www.answers.com/topic/mobile-phonehttp://www.answers.com/topic/mobile-phonehttp://www.answers.com/topic/united-kingdomhttp://www.answers.com/topic/spainhttp://www.answers.com/topic/south-africahttp://www.answers.com/topic/portugalhttp://www.answers.com/topic/italyhttp://www.answers.com/topic/la-indiahttp://www.answers.com/topic/irelandhttp://www.answers.com/topic/germanyhttp://www.answers.com/topic/finlandhttp://www.answers.com/topic/cook-islandshttp://www.answers.com/topic/belgiumhttp://www.answers.com/topic/australiahttp://www.answers.com/topic/stored-value-cardhttp://www.answers.com/topic/passbookhttp://www.answers.com/topic/bank-statement-2
  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    37/106

    Electronic funds transfer

    Electronic funds transfer or EFT refers tothe computer-based systems used to perform

    financial transactions electronically.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    38/106

    Features

    Customer can deposit, withdraw and deal with

    any branch.

    Transfer with the help of plastic cards

    cardholder-initiated transactions, where a

    cardholder makes use of a payment card

    electronic payments by businesses, including

    salary payments

    electronic check (or cheque) clearing

    http://www.answers.com/topic/payment-cardhttp://www.answers.com/topic/payment-card
  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    39/106

    Card-based EFT

    EFT may be initiated by a cardholder when a payment cardsuch as a credit card or debit card is used

    Transaction types

    Sale

    Withdrawal

    Deposit

    Cash back

    Inter account transfer

    Payment Inquiry

    http://www.answers.com/topic/charge-cardhttp://www.answers.com/topic/debit-cardhttp://www.answers.com/topic/payment-cardhttp://www.answers.com/topic/charge-cardhttp://www.answers.com/topic/debit-cardhttp://www.answers.com/topic/debit-cardhttp://www.answers.com/topic/charge-cardhttp://www.answers.com/topic/payment-card
  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    40/106

    Many banks are replacing traditional checks

    and deposit slips with electronic fund transfer

    (EFT) systems, which utilize sophisticated

    computer technology to facilitate banking and

    payment needs.

    Routine banking by means of EFT is

    considered safer, easier, and more convenientfor customers.

    Electronic Banking

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    41/106

    Electronic Clearing Service

    Electronic Clearing Service is a mode of

    electronic funds transfer from one bank

    account to another bank account using the

    services of a Clearing House set up by Reserve

    Bank of India

    http://www.answers.com/topic/reserve-bank-of-indiahttp://www.answers.com/topic/reserve-bank-of-indiahttp://www.answers.com/topic/reserve-bank-of-indiahttp://www.answers.com/topic/reserve-bank-of-indiahttp://www.answers.com/topic/reserve-bank-of-india
  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    42/106

    The advantages to the banks

    Banks handling ECS get freed of paper handling.

    Paper handling also creates lot of pressure on banksas they have to encode the instruments, present

    them in clearing, monitor their return and follow upwith the concerned bank and customers.

    In ECS banks simply get the payment particularsrelating to their customers. All they need to do is to

    match the account particulars like name, a/c numberand credit the proceeds

    Wherever the details do not match, they have toreturn it back, as per the procedure

    S h b fi h ECS lik

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    43/106

    Scheme benefit the ECS users -like

    corporate bodies/ institutions

    The ECS user saves on administrative machineryfor collecting the cheques, monitoring theirrealization and reconciliation

    Better cash management.

    Avoids chances of frauds due to fraudulent accessto the paper instruments and encashment.

    Realize the payments on a single date instead of

    fractured receipt of payments. Ability to make payment and ensure that the

    beneficiaries' account gets credited on adesignated date.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    44/106

    Participants in the ECS debit scheme

    Telephone companies

    Electricity supplying companies

    Electricity boards Credit card collections

    Collection of loan installments by banks and

    financial institutions

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    45/106

    PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT SERVICES

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    46/106

    PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT

    Portfolio management is essentially asystematic method of managing one'sinvestment efficiently.

    Rather than investing the entiresavings in a single security, they investin a group of securities. Such a group

    of securities is called a portfolio.

    SCOPE OF PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    47/106

    SCOPE OF PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT

    SERVICES

    Portfolio management services refers to those servicesprovided to the investors where in the agency takes theresponsibility of using the funds effectively for maximumresults.

    The agency converts the fund into compatible portfolioson the basis of the objectives and the constraints of theinvestor.

    It continuously evaluates and makes necessaryadjustments for better results.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    48/106

    Portfolio management begins with thediscussion of the investors objectives,constraints and preferences and their

    relationship with the available investmentopportunities.

    This leads to a well defined portfolio policyand strategy statements on the allocation of

    funds among various types of assets ,timing ofinvestments and disinvestments.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    49/106

    TYPES OF PMS

    The PMS being offered by the industry can beclassified into three types. The services differ

    on the basis of the discretion lying with thefirm in managing the portfolio.

    1.Non-discretionary PMS

    2.Delegated Investment management. 3. Optional .

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    50/106

    Non-discretionary PMS:

    This service is targeted towards investors who

    would like to make their own decisions

    regarding the use of their funds-these are

    generally large portfolio owners.

    The role of the firm is in the execution of the

    order of the investor.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    51/106

    Delegated Investment management:

    This discretionary service is for clients who

    would leave the management of their

    portfolios to the firm.

    This service is more attractive to the provider

    as this gives the firm a freedom to use its

    knowledge and judgment.

    The client is interested in better return/

    performance of the portfolio.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    52/106

    Optional

    In this kind of service the provider offers a non discretionary PMS in the beginning and it gainsexpertise and develops in infrastructure, it can

    offer any of the two types stated above to theclients depending on their choice.

    The firms also provides several additional services

    e.g tax counseling sessions, borrowing against

    securities, temporary overdraft facility, across thecounter facility and quarterly meetings of investors.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    53/106

    PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT

    Return on Investment: Although the RBI guidelines donot permit the provision of any guaranteed return onsecurity of the principal, the firms offer a return of 14-35% to the clients. The return from the clients portfolio

    depends on the tenure of association and the marketindex.

    Fee Charged: A variety of arrangements exist between

    the portfolio manages and their clients with regard othe fee charged. Some assure a minimum certain rateof return and no fee is charged unless this return isgenerated for the clients.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    54/106

    Lock-in period: This period varies from three months to two years.

    Some firms also provide the service without such restrictions .

    Investments: Portfolio managers favor the investment of the

    funds in a mix of money and capital market instruments. Thechoice of the instruments depends on the tax liability and the risk

    profile of the clients.

    Interface with Clients: The intensity of the interface isdetermined by the type of PMS acquired by the client. In the case

    of a non-discretionary PMS, the interaction is limited to the

    provision of regular information about the status of the clients

    portfolio

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    55/106

    Interface with Brokers and Stock Exchange: Portfolio managers

    take the services of brokers for a better investment of funds.

    Many firms have in house brokers. Others take help from a

    panel of approved brokers.

    Maintenance of Accounts: Under the RBI guidelines on Portfolio

    Management, the firms have to maintain separate accounts for

    each client. This is followed due to the implications of theprovisions of the Income Tax Act and the Companies Act. Public

    sector mutual funds have been exempted from income tax and

    the proceedings out of the funds can be distributed among the

    investors.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    56/106

    PMS- offered by entities with SEBI registration

    INDIA- offered by Asset Management companies & brokerage

    houses

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    57/106

    Reliance Portfolio Management

    Enam Asset Management,

    PruICICI Asset Management

    J M Morgan Stanley Retail

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    58/106

    STOCK BROKING SERVICES

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    59/106

    STOCK BROKING SERVICES

    Stock broker

    A stock broker is a regulated

    professional who buys and sells sharesand other securities through marketmakers on behalf ofinvestors.

    There are two types of Stock Brokers:

    Full Service Stock Brokers Discount Stock Brokers

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Share_(finance)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_(finance)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_makerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_makerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_makerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_(finance)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_makerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_makerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_makerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_makerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_makerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_(finance)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Share_(finance)
  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    60/106

    Full Service Stock Brokers

    Full service brokers will give you advice and investment

    recommendationsThese firms usually have full-time research departments

    and investment analysts who provide information the

    firm's brokers share with clients

    have very high commission fees and are usually onlysuitable for investors who have a great deal of money to

    invest and who do few trades

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    61/106

    Discount Stock Brokers

    Discount brokers can answer any investment questions

    you may have, but they offer fewer personalized

    services for their clients Making stock recommendations or giving you

    portfolio advice.

    These are the brokers that advices trade with very

    low trade commission feesWhen you buy or sell stock, you will be paying this

    lower commission rate, which results in the investor,

    making more money.

    S i

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    62/106

    Services

    There are three types of stock broking service.

    Execution-only, which means that the broker will onlycarry out the client's instructions to buy or sell.

    Advisory dealing, where the broker advises the clienton which shares to buy and sell, but leaves the finaldecision to the investor.

    Discretionary dealing, where the stockbrokerascertains the client's investment objectives and then

    makes all dealing decisions on the client's behalf.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    63/106

    Brokerage terms

    Front office : This is a description of the part

    of a brokerage firm that is "client facing".

    The sales staff, brokers and traders are part of

    the front office.

    Functions of the front office include

    acquisition and entry of orders, fulfillment of

    the orders, and all the regulatory reporting for

    the orders.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front_officehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front_office
  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    64/106

    Back office: The back office is where theclearance processing of the trade is done.

    Transfer of securities and money and the

    tracking of "failure to deliver" is handled. Securities lending for a brokerage firm,

    wherein shares of a security that is being sold

    short are located to ensure they can bedelivered, is usually included in the back officeas well.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back_officehttp://www.sec.gov/rules/final/34-50103.htmhttp://www.sec.gov/rules/final/34-50103.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back_office
  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    65/106

    Bulls: A bull is a term used in the stock

    exchange market to refer to a stock market

    optimist who believes that share prices are

    likely to go higher, and who acts according to

    his investment operations.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulls
  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    66/106

    CONSUMER CREDIT

    CONSUMER CREDIT

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    67/106

    CONSUMER CREDIT

    Consumer credit includes all assetbased financingplans offered to primarily individuals to acquiredurable consumer goods.

    In a consumer credit transaction, the individual-consumer-buyer pays a fraction of the cash purchaseat the time of the delivery of the asset and pays thebalance with interest over a specified period of time.The main suppliers of consumer credit are

    foreign/multinational banks, commercial banks andfinance companies.

    There is no specific legislation to regulate consumer

    credit in India.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    68/106

    SALIENT FEATURES

    The salient features of consumer credit are:

    1.Parties to the transaction

    2.Structure of the transaction

    3.Mode of payment

    4.Repayment period and rate of interest

    5.Security

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    69/106

    Parties to the transaction

    The parties to a consumer credit transaction

    depends upon the nature of the transaction.

    In a bipartite arrangement, there are two

    parties, namely, borrower-cum-customer and

    dealer-cum-financier.

    In a tripartite arrangement, the parties are

    dealer , financier and the customer. The dealer

    in this type of arrangement arranges the credit

    from the financier.

    Structure of the transaction

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    70/106

    Structure of the transaction

    A consumer credit arrangement can be structured in three

    ways.

    Hire-purchase:A method of buying goods through making

    instalment payments over time.

    The term hire purchase originated in the U.K

    similar to what are called "rent-to-own" arrangements in the

    United States.

    Under a hire purchase contract, the buyer is leasing the goods

    and does not obtain ownership until the full amount of the

    contract is paid.

    Can buy goods on full payment

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    71/106

    Conditional sale: The ownership is nottransferred to the customer until the total

    purchase price including the credit charge is

    priced. The consumer cannot terminate the agreement

    before the payment of the full price.

    Credit sale: The ownership is transferred to thecustomer on the payment of the first installment.

    He cannot cancel the agreement.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    72/106

    Mode of payment

    The consumer credit arrangements fall into

    two groups:

    Down payment schemes

    Deposit-linked schemes

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    73/106

    Repayment period and rate of interest: The

    repayment period ranges between 12-60 monthly

    installments. The rate of interest is normally

    expressed at a flat rate.

    Security:It is generally in the form of a first charge on

    the asset. The consumer cannot

    sell/pledge/hypothecate the asset.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    74/106

    HIRE PURCHASE

    FINANCE

    Introduction

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    75/106

    Hire purchase is a method of selling goods.

    Creditor and Hirer

    Singer Manufacturing Company started the hire

    purchase agreement.

    The organized sector and the unorganized

    sector are engaged in the hire purchase

    business

    Introduction

    FEATURES

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    76/106

    FEATURES

    Each installment is treated as hire charges

    The buyer takes possession of goods immediately and

    agrees to pay the total price in installments.

    Ownership of goods passes from the seller to thebuyer on the payment of the installment

    The buyer makes any default in the payment of anyinstallment the seller has the right to repossess thegoods the from the buyer and forfeit the amount

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    77/106

    The hirer has the right to terminate the agreementany time before the property passes

    He has the option to return the goods in which casehe need not pay installments falling due thereafter.

    DEFINITION

    The Hire Purchase Act, 1972 defines a hire purchaseagreement as, an agreement under which goods arelet on hire and under which the hirer has an optionto purchase them in accordance with the terms ofagreement under which:

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    78/106

    Specified period for payment

    Each installment is treated as hire charges

    Ownership of the goods transferred only after the

    payment of installment.

    Possession is delivered to the purchaser at the time

    of entering into a contract.

    Right to repossess the goods and forfeit amountalready received treating it as hire charges.

    Right to terminate the agreement.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    79/106

    HIRE PURCHASE AGREEMENT

    Creditor and hirer

    Sufficient description about the goods

    Price of goods

    Date of commencement of agreement

    No: of installment, amount, and due date

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    80/106

    HIRE PURCHASE AND CREDIT SALE

    In hire purchase until the last payment the

    ownership remains with the seller.

    In credit sale the title in the property is

    transferred to the purchase simultaneously.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    81/106

    Hire purchase and installment sale

    In case of hire purchase the ownership of goods is

    delivered only after the last payment and the right to

    repossess the goods.

    In case of installment system the ownership of the

    goods and the possession of the goods transferred

    immediately and the right of disposing of the goods.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    82/106

    BANKS CREDIT FOR HIRE PURCHASE BUSINESS

    The subsidiary of commercial banks lend to the

    dealer or to finance intermediary who has

    already financed articles sold by the dealer to

    the hirer under a hire-purchase contract.

    Procedures are:

    Customer

    Purpose

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    83/106

    Amount

    Period

    Repayment

    Security

    Monitoring and Control

    H i Fi S

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    84/106

    Housing Finance System

    The Central Government has set up Housing

    and Urban Development Corporation

    (HUDCO) to finance and undertake housingand urban development programmers,

    development of land for satellite towns,

    besides setting up of a building materialsindustries.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    85/106

    Objectives

    to provide long-term finance for construction

    of houses for residential purpose and urban

    development programmers

    To finance or undertake the setting-up of new

    satellite towns.

    To finance or undertake the setting-up of the

    building materials industries.

    C ti

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    86/106

    Conti

    The principle mandate of the HUDCO was to

    ameliorate the housing conditions of the low

    income group (LIG) and economically weaker

    sections (EWS).

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    87/106

    The HUDCO was established with an equity baseof Rs2 crores.

    They extends assistance, benefiting masses inurban and rural areas, under a broad spectrum of

    programmes.They are

    Housing :- Rural housing, cooperative housing,urban employment through housing and shelterup gradation

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    88/106

    Infrastructure

    Land acquisition, basic sanitation and

    environmental improvement of slums.

    Consultancy Services

    Building centers for technology transfer,

    building materials industries and building

    technology.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    89/106

    Training

    Training in human settlements and technical

    assistance to all borrowing agencies.

    The LIC and GIC support housing activity both

    directly or indirectly.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    90/106

    Commercial banksAccording to RBI guidelines, scheduled commercial banksare required to allocate 1.5% of their incremental depositsfor disbursing as housing finance every year.

    Cooperative Banks

    Consists of state cooperative banks, District CentralCooperative banks ,finance by individuals, cooperativegroup housing societies

    Specialized Housing Finance Institutions

    - Caters only to the need of housing sector- -e.g HDFC ltd

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    91/106

    Internet banking

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    92/106

    Internet banking(on line banking) allows

    customers to conduct financial transactions on

    a secure website operated by their retail or

    virtual bank, credit union or building society.

    Internet banking involves use of Internet for

    delivery of banking products & services

    Internet banking is increasingly becoming a"need to have" than a "nice to have" service.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    93/106

    Internet banking is one more channel, onemore access point like an automated tellermachine or a call centre from where a

    customer can transact business for whichearlier he used to go to a bank branch.

    Internet is the cheapest of all banking

    channels and helps bank to gain substantiallyin terms of transaction costs.

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    94/106

    A successful Internet banking solution offers Exceptional rates on savings,CDs

    Checking with no monthly fee, free bill

    payment and rebate on ATM surcharges

    Credit cards with low rates

    Easy online applications for all accounts,

    including personal loans and mortgages

    24 hour account access

    Quality customer services with personal

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    95/106

    The six primary drivers of Internet bankingincludes

    Improve customer access

    Facilitate the offering of more services

    Increase customer loyalty

    Attract new customers

    Provide services offered by competitors

    Reduce customer attrition

    M i i i t t b ki

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    96/106

    Main concerns in internet banking

    Security is the most important issue of onlinebanking.

    . There is a dual requirement to protect

    customers' privacy and protect against fraud A multi-layered security architecture

    comprising firewalls, filtering routers,encryption and digital certification ensures

    that your account information is protectedfrom unauthorized access:

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    97/106

    Firewalls and filtering routers ensure that only the

    legitimate Internet users are allowed to access the

    system.

    Encryption techniques used by the bank (including

    the sophisticated public key encryption) would

    ensure that privacy of data flowing between the

    browser and the Infinity system is protected.

    Digital certification procedures provide the

    assurance that the data you receive is from the

    Infinity system

    Virtual banking

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    98/106

    A virtual bank is a bank with a very small or

    nonexistent branch network

    . By eliminating the costs associated with retail

    banking, particularly bank branches, virtual

    banks may offer higher interest rates and

    lower service charges on their savings

    accounts than their competitors.

    It offers its financial services by:

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    99/106

    It offers its financial services by:

    Telephone banking

    Online banking

    Automated teller machines

    Mail banking

    Mobile banking

    List of virtual banks

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    100/106

    Bank of Internet (United States)

    Citi Direct, a division of Citibank (United

    States)

    Ebank (United States)

    HSBC Direct, a division of HSBC Bank USA

    (United States)

    ING Direct, part of ING Group (worldwide

    Telephone banking

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    101/106

    Telephone banking

    Telephone banking is a service provided by a

    financial institution which allows its customers

    to perform transactions over the telephone

    Automated teller machine (ATM

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    102/106

    An automated teller machine (ATM) is a

    computerized telecommunications device that

    provides the customers of a financial

    institution with access to financialtransactions in a public space without the

    need for a human clerk or bank teller

    Mail banking

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    103/106

    Mail banking

    Mail banking is a service provided by a financial

    institution which allows its customers to deposit

    cheques into their account by mail.

    It is primarily used by virtual banks (as they maynot offer branches or ATMs that accept deposits)

    and by customers who live too far from a branch.

    Typically, the institution that advertises such aservice will provide its own self-addressed

    stamped envelopes as a courtesy

    Mobile banking

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    104/106

    Mobile banking

    Mobile Banking refers to provision and

    availment of banking- and financial services

    with the help of mobile telecommunication

    devices.

    The scope of offered services may include

    facilities to conduct bank and stock market

    transactions, to administer accounts and toaccess customised information."

    Mobile Banking Services

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    105/106

    Mobile Banking Services

    Account Information

    Payments, Deposits, Withdrawals, and

    Transfers

    Investments

    Support

    Contented Services

  • 7/29/2019 Retail Financial Services

    106/106

    Thank you!