Results from the Mars Express Active Ionospheric Sounder D. D. Morgan 1 , D. A. Gurnett 1 , D. L. Kirchner 1 , F. Duru 1 , R. L. Huff 1 , D. A. Brain 2 , W. V. Boynton 3 , M. H. Acuña 4 , E. Nielsen 5 , A. Safaeinili 6 , J. J. Plaut 6 , G. Picardi 7 1 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 2 Space Physics Research Group, Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 3 Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 4 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 5 Max-Planck-Inst. For Solar System Research, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany 6 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California 7 Infocom Department, “La Sapienza,” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Results from the Mars Express Active Ionospheric Sounder
Results from the Mars Express Active Ionospheric Sounder. D. D. Morgan 1 , D. A. Gurnett 1 , D. L. Kirchner 1 , F. Duru 1 , R. L. Huff 1 , D. A. Brain 2 , W. V. Boynton 3 , M. H. Acuña 4 , E. Nielsen 5 , A. Safaeinili 6 , J. J. Plaut 6 , G. Picardi 7 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Results from the Mars Express Active Ionospheric Sounder
D. D. Morgan1, D. A. Gurnett1, D. L. Kirchner1, F. Duru1, R. L. Huff1, D. A. Brain2, W. V. Boynton3, M. H. Acuña4, E. Nielsen5, A. Safaeinili6, J. J. Plaut6, G. Picardi7
1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa2Space Physics Research Group, Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California3Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 4NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland5Max-Planck-Inst. For Solar System Research, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany6Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California7Infocom Department, “La Sapienza,” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
P-03-14Mars Express Dec. 25, 2003
Dipole Antenna:2 x 20 m
Mars Express Orbit
Nominal Mars Express Orbital Parameters at Insertion
• Orbital Inclination: 86.3°
• Apocenter: 11,560 km (altitude)
• Pericenter: 258 km (altitude)
• Orbital period: 7.5 h
• Observing time about periapsis: ~1h
Mars Express Radar Transmitter
Mars Express Spacecraft
Summary of Active Ionospheric Sounder sequence
• 160 frequencies sampled between 0.1 and 5.4 MHz (receive frequencies can be varied).
• 1 pulse every 7.857 ms, bandwidth = 10 kHz
• 80 receive times per frequency , 91.4 μs/sample
• Complete cycle every 7.543 s (data rate limited).
Timing of AIS data
Radar Reflections from the Ionosphere
Ionogram inversion
• Time delay equation:
( )
20
2
1 ( )
pez f f
pe
dztc f z f
Example Ionogram
Topics of Interest
• Maximum electron density and total electron content
• Detection of magnetic fields• Double and complex traces and oblique echoes• Surface reflection and ionospheric absorption• Ionogram inversion• Spacecraft local electron density• Total electron content
Maximum electron density and total electron content
Maximum Electron Density Versus Solar Zenith Angle