Respiratory System
Dec 16, 2015
Respiratory System
RespirationThe energyreleasing process
that is fueled byoxygen.
Function of the Respiratory
System
To get oxygen into the body & remove carbon dioxide and water from the body.
Diagram of Upper & Lower Respiratory Systems
UPPER RESPIRATORYSYSTEM
• nose• nasal cavity
• pharynx
The Nose • Air enters through 2 openings called nostrils
• Wall of cartilage separates the 2 nostrils
• Air is heated by warm blood flowing through blood vessels in the lining of the nasal cavities
• Mucus keeps air moist & keeps tissues from drying out
The Nose Continued• Mucus along with little hairs called
cilia trap tiny particles entering the nose
• These cilia also sweep old mucus towards the esophagus & down to the stomach where it is destroyed by hydrochloric acid
CILIA
LowerRespiratorySystem
• Larynx• Trachea • Bronchi• Bronchioles • Alveoli
The Anatomy of the Larynx
(voicebox)
Trachea(windpipe)
Bronchus Bronchus
bronchiolesbronchioles
alveoli alveoli
diaphragm
Diaphragm
Main muscle used in breathing
Diaphragm• Dome-shaped muscle at the bottom of the lungs.• When you breathe in, the diaphragm contracts
and flattens out while pulling downward. This movement enlarges the space that the lungs are in. This larger space pulls air into the lungs.
• When you breathe out, the diaphragm relaxes reducing the amount of space for the lungs and forcing air out.
• The diaphragm is the main muscle used in breathing.