Respirators should only be used as a "last line of defense" when engineering control systems are not feasible. Engineering control systems, such as.

Respirators should only be used as a "last Respirators should only be used as a "last line of defense" when engineering control line of defense" when engineering control systems are not feasible. Engineering systems are not feasible. Engineering control systems, such as adequate control systems, such as adequate ventilation or scrubbing of contaminants ventilation or scrubbing of contaminants should be used to negate the need for should be used to negate the need for respirators. respirators.

GENERAL USE CONDITIONSGENERAL USE CONDITIONS

JOB TASK DESCRIPTION

DURATION AND FREQUENCY OF USE

LOCATION OF USE

PHYSICAL DEMANDS

MEDICAL CLEARANCE

NIOSH recommends that air sampling be NIOSH recommends that air sampling be conducted to determine exposure levels found in conducted to determine exposure levels found in the workplace. A combination of air sampling and the workplace. A combination of air sampling and

exposure modeling is often used to make exposure modeling is often used to make reasonable estimates of exposure. Ideally, this reasonable estimates of exposure. Ideally, this

determination should be made by a professional determination should be made by a professional

industrial hygienist.industrial hygienist.

PRIOR TO USING A RESPIRATOR YOU MUST

BE TRAINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH BE TRAINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH OSHA STANDARDOSHA STANDARD

BE MEDICALLY CLEARED TO USE A BE MEDICALLY CLEARED TO USE A RESPIRATORRESPIRATOR

SELECT THE PROPER MASKSELECT THE PROPER MASK BE FITTED FOR THAT MASKBE FITTED FOR THAT MASK

RESPIRATOR SELECTIONRESPIRATOR SELECTION

BASED ON BASED ON SPECIFIC THREATSPECIFIC THREAT

BASED ON BASED ON QUANTITY OR AIR QUANTITY OR AIR CONCENTRATION CONCENTRATION OF THREATOF THREAT

THREATSTHREATS

OXYGEN DEFICIENT ATMOSPHEREOXYGEN DEFICIENT ATMOSPHERE IDLH ATMOSPHERESIDLH ATMOSPHERES UNKNOWN LEVEL OF CONTAMINANTUNKNOWN LEVEL OF CONTAMINANT HARMFUL PARTICULATESHARMFUL PARTICULATES HARMFUL GASSES OR VAPORSHARMFUL GASSES OR VAPORS

OXYGEN DEFICIENT OXYGEN DEFICIENT ATMOSPHERESATMOSPHERES

BREATHING AIR IS COMPOSED OF A BREATHING AIR IS COMPOSED OF A MIXTURE OF SEVERAL GASSESMIXTURE OF SEVERAL GASSES

OXYGEN COMPRISES 19%OXYGEN COMPRISES 19% BODY FUNCTION DETERIORATES AT BODY FUNCTION DETERIORATES AT

LESS THAN 19% OXYGENLESS THAN 19% OXYGEN

CAUSES OF OXYGEN CAUSES OF OXYGEN DEFICIENCYDEFICIENCY

OXYGEN CONSUMPTIONOXYGEN CONSUMPTION OXYGEN DILUTIONOXYGEN DILUTION OXYGEN SUBSTITUTIONOXYGEN SUBSTITUTION

OXYGEN CONSUMPTIONOXYGEN CONSUMPTION

AVAILABLE O2 IS USED UP THROUGH AVAILABLE O2 IS USED UP THROUGH BREATHING, WORK PROCESS OR BREATHING, WORK PROCESS OR ACCIDENT/EMERGENCYACCIDENT/EMERGENCY

OXYGEN DILUTIONOXYGEN DILUTION

INCREASING THE PERCENTAGE OF INCREASING THE PERCENTAGE OF ONE OR MORE GASSES BRINGS ONE OR MORE GASSES BRINGS DOWN THE PERCENTAGE OF OXYGENDOWN THE PERCENTAGE OF OXYGEN

OXYGEN SUBSTITUTIONOXYGEN SUBSTITUTION

CERTAIN GASSES SUCH AS CARBON CERTAIN GASSES SUCH AS CARBON MONOXIDE OR CYANIDE CAN MONOXIDE OR CYANIDE CAN INTERFERE WITH THE DELIVERY OF INTERFERE WITH THE DELIVERY OF OXYGEN TO THE CELLS IN OUR BODYOXYGEN TO THE CELLS IN OUR BODY

PARTICULATESPARTICULATES SOLIDS IN THE AIRSOLIDS IN THE AIR MAY BE LIQUIDS (MISTS & MAY BE LIQUIDS (MISTS &

SPRAYS)SPRAYS) MAY BE FUMES (METAL MAY BE FUMES (METAL

PARTICLES RELEASED BY PARTICLES RELEASED BY HEATING)HEATING)

SOME BE VERY HARMFUL SOME BE VERY HARMFUL (LEAD & ASBESTOS)(LEAD & ASBESTOS)

OTHERS MAY BE OTHERS MAY BE NUISANCE DUSTSNUISANCE DUSTS

GASSES AND VAPORSGASSES AND VAPORS

EASILY DIFFUSE EASILY DIFFUSE THROUGHOUT A THROUGHOUT A ROOMROOM

MAY HAVE COLORMAY HAVE COLOR MAY HAVE ODORMAY HAVE ODOR MAY BE IRRITATINGMAY BE IRRITATING MAY HAVE NO MAY HAVE NO

IDENTIFYING IDENTIFYING PROPERTIESPROPERTIES

TYPES OF RESPIRATORSTYPES OF RESPIRATORS

POSITIVE PRESSUREPOSITIVE PRESSURE

POWERED BY YOUR LUNGSPOWERED BY YOUR LUNGS DRAWS CONTAMINANT TOWARDS DRAWS CONTAMINANT TOWARDS

THE MASKTHE MASK LOWER END OF PROTECTION SCALELOWER END OF PROTECTION SCALE

DUST MASKS

½ MASKS

FULL FACE MASKS

POSITIVE PRESSUREPOSITIVE PRESSURE SUPPLIES AIR TO THE USERSUPPLIES AIR TO THE USER COMPRESSED AIR TANKSCOMPRESSED AIR TANKS COMPRESSORCOMPRESSOR POWERED AIR-PURIFYING POWERED AIR-PURIFYING

RESPIRATOR (PAPR)RESPIRATOR (PAPR) PUSHES CONTAMINANT AWAY PUSHES CONTAMINANT AWAY

FROM THE MASKFROM THE MASK HIGH END OF PROTECTION SCALEHIGH END OF PROTECTION SCALE

COMPRESSED AIRCOMPRESSED AIR

GRADE D QUALITYGRADE D QUALITY 19% OXYGEN & REMAINING GASSES 19% OXYGEN & REMAINING GASSES

EQUAL TO ROOM AIREQUAL TO ROOM AIR WATER VAPORWATER VAPOR HYDROCARBONSHYDROCARBONS DELIVERED BY TANKS OR DELIVERED BY TANKS OR

COMPRESSORSCOMPRESSORS

GRADE D AIRGRADE D AIR

COMPRESSORSCOMPRESSORS SPECIFIC FOR RESPIRATOR USESPECIFIC FOR RESPIRATOR USE SUBJECT TO FAILURESUBJECT TO FAILURE LOCATION OF INLET CRITICALLOCATION OF INLET CRITICAL SYNTHETIC AND OIL LUBRICATED MODELSSYNTHETIC AND OIL LUBRICATED MODELS OIL LUBRICATED MUST HAVE CARBON OIL LUBRICATED MUST HAVE CARBON

MONOXIDE MONITOR AND ALARMMONOXIDE MONITOR AND ALARM FILTERS REMOVEFILTERS REMOVE

CONTAMINANTSCONTAMINANTS

NOT ALL COMPRESSORS ARE CREATED EQUAL!

EMERGENCY ESCAPE BAEMERGENCY ESCAPE BA

FOR IMMEDIATE ESCAPE FOR IMMEDIATE ESCAPE FROM IDLH ATMOSPHERESFROM IDLH ATMOSPHERES

5, 10 OR 15 MINUTE AIR 5, 10 OR 15 MINUTE AIR SUPPLY DEPENDENT ON SUPPLY DEPENDENT ON THE UNIT AND/OR USERTHE UNIT AND/OR USER

MANDATORY FOR MANDATORY FOR CONFINED SPACE AND CONFINED SPACE AND IDLHIDLH

RESPIRATOR SELECTIONRESPIRATOR SELECTION

OXYGEN DEFICIENT ATMOSPHRESOXYGEN DEFICIENT ATMOSPHRES IMMEDIATELY DANGEROUS TO LIFE IMMEDIATELY DANGEROUS TO LIFE

AND HEALTH ATMOSPHERES (IDLH)AND HEALTH ATMOSPHERES (IDLH)

RESPIRATOR CHOICESSELF CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS

TYPE C SYSTEM WITH AN ESCAPE SCBA

SCBA APPLICATIONSSCBA APPLICATIONS

FIRE FIGHTINGFIRE FIGHTING CBRN RESPONSECBRN RESPONSE GENERAL INDUSTRYGENERAL INDUSTRY

SCBA LIMITSSCBA LIMITS

PRIMARILY LIMITED BY TIME OF TASKPRIMARILY LIMITED BY TIME OF TASK TANKS RATED FOR 15, 30, 45 OR 60 TANKS RATED FOR 15, 30, 45 OR 60

MINUTESMINUTES PHYSICAL CONDITION OF USERPHYSICAL CONDITION OF USER PHYSICAL EXERTIONPHYSICAL EXERTION STRESSSTRESS WEIGHT OF UNITWEIGHT OF UNIT

PROTECTION FACTORPROTECTION FACTOR

EACH RESPIRATOR TYPE HAS AN ASSIGNED EACH RESPIRATOR TYPE HAS AN ASSIGNED PROTECTION FACTOR (APF)PROTECTION FACTOR (APF)

APF IS USED IN RESPIRATOR SELECTIONAPF IS USED IN RESPIRATOR SELECTION

½ MASK½ MASK 1010

FULL FACEPIECEFULL FACEPIECE 5050

APFsAPFs

OSHA PEL IS THE MAXIMUM OSHA PEL IS THE MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE LEVEL OF CONTAMINANT ALLOWABLE LEVEL OF CONTAMINANT EXPOSURE IN THE RESPIRATOREXPOSURE IN THE RESPIRATOR

APF MULTIPLIED BY THE PEL IS THE APF MULTIPLIED BY THE PEL IS THE MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE LEVEL OF MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE LEVEL OF CONTAMINANT OUTSIDE THE MASKCONTAMINANT OUTSIDE THE MASK

EXAMPLEEXAMPLE

½ MASK APF = 10½ MASK APF = 10

ASBESTOS PEL = 0.1 f/ccASBESTOS PEL = 0.1 f/cc

HIGHEST TOLERABLE LEVEL INSIDE HIGHEST TOLERABLE LEVEL INSIDE THE MASK = 0.1 f/ccTHE MASK = 0.1 f/cc

HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OUTSIDE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OUTSIDE THE MASK = 1 f/ccTHE MASK = 1 f/cc

10 (APF) x 0.1 f/cc (PEL) = 1 f/cc10 (APF) x 0.1 f/cc (PEL) = 1 f/cc

RESPIRATOR SELECTIONRESPIRATOR SELECTION

PARTICULATESPARTICULATESFILTERS

FILTER EFFICIENCY VARIES

N-100 P-100 R-100 99.97%N-99 P-99 R-99 99%N-95 P-95 P-95 95%

EFFECTIVE AT 0.3 MICRONS

N R P N R P

N = NON RESISTANT TO OILN = NON RESISTANT TO OILOK FOR SOLID & WATER BASED OK FOR SOLID & WATER BASED AEROSOLSAEROSOLS

R = RESISTANT TO OILR = RESISTANT TO OILOK FOR SOLID & WATER BASED OK FOR SOLID & WATER BASED AEROSOLSAEROSOLS

P = RESISTANT TO OILP = RESISTANT TO OILOK FOR SOLID & WATER BASED OK FOR SOLID & WATER BASED AEROSOLSAEROSOLS

FILTER CHANGESFILTER CHANGES

IN GENERAL, REPLACE IF DAMAGED, SOILED, IN GENERAL, REPLACE IF DAMAGED, SOILED, NOTICEABLE BREATHING RESISTANCENOTICEABLE BREATHING RESISTANCE

NN FILTERS EVERY 8 HOURS IF HEAVY DUST LOAD FILTERS EVERY 8 HOURS IF HEAVY DUST LOAD UNLESS DETERMINED TO BE EFFECTIVE BEYOND 8 UNLESS DETERMINED TO BE EFFECTIVE BEYOND 8 HOURS (NIOSH)HOURS (NIOSH)

PP FILTERS EVERY 8 HOURS IF OIL AEROSOL IS FILTERS EVERY 8 HOURS IF OIL AEROSOL IS PRESENT UNLESS DETERMINED TO BE EFFECTIVE PRESENT UNLESS DETERMINED TO BE EFFECTIVE BEYOND 8 HOURS (NIOSH) BEYOND 8 HOURS (NIOSH)

RR FILTERS CHANGES BASED ON MANUFACTURER’S FILTERS CHANGES BASED ON MANUFACTURER’S RECOMMENDATIONS WHEN OIL IS PRESENTRECOMMENDATIONS WHEN OIL IS PRESENT

Although odor should not be relied on for Although odor should not be relied on for cartridge/canister change out, workers should be cartridge/canister change out, workers should be trained to exit the contaminated area whenever trained to exit the contaminated area whenever they detect the odor or experience any irritation they detect the odor or experience any irritation symptoms of the contaminant. symptoms of the contaminant.

If workers are detecting the odor before the end If workers are detecting the odor before the end of the change schedule, the respirator program of the change schedule, the respirator program administrator should reevaluate this respirator administrator should reevaluate this respirator use; i.e., the change schedule, the workplace use; i.e., the change schedule, the workplace concentrations or the other use conditions concentrations or the other use conditions (relative humidity (RH), work rate, etc.).(relative humidity (RH), work rate, etc.).

FILTER/CARTRIDGE CODESFILTER/CARTRIDGE CODES

COLOR CODED BY COLOR CODED BY CONTENTS AND CONTENTS AND CONTAMINANTSCONTAMINANTS

INDUSTRY WIDE INDUSTRY WIDE STANDARDSTANDARD

OLIVEOLIVE COMBINATIONCOMBINATION

WHITEWHITE ACID GASACID GAS

BLACKBLACK ORGANICSORGANICS

GREENGREEN AMMONIA GASAMMONIA GAS

YELLOWYELLOW AG/OVAG/OV

PURPLEPURPLE N-100N-100

ORANGEORANGE R-100, 99, R-100, 99,

P-99, 95P-99, 95

TEAL (NO OIL)TEAL (NO OIL) N-100, 99, 95N-100, 99, 95

How to inspect, put on and remove, use, How to inspect, put on and remove, use, and check the seals of the respiratorand check the seals of the respirator

Prior to the selection process, the test Prior to the selection process, the test subject shall be shown how to put on a subject shall be shown how to put on a respirator, how it should be positioned on respirator, how it should be positioned on the face, how to set strap tension and how the face, how to set strap tension and how to determine an acceptable fit. to determine an acceptable fit.

Negative pressure checkNegative pressure check

CLOSE OFF THE INLET OPENING OF THE CLOSE OFF THE INLET OPENING OF THE FILTER, CANISTER OR CARTRIDGEFILTER, CANISTER OR CARTRIDGE

USE HANDS, LATEX GLOVE CAN BE USED IF USE HANDS, LATEX GLOVE CAN BE USED IF HANDS CAN NOT BLOCK THE INLETHANDS CAN NOT BLOCK THE INLET

INHALE LIGHTLY AND HOLD FOR 10 INHALE LIGHTLY AND HOLD FOR 10 SECONDSSECONDS

FACEPIECE SHOULD COLLAPSE SLIGHLTYFACEPIECE SHOULD COLLAPSE SLIGHLTY

NO INWARD LEAKAGE SHOULD BE NOTEDNO INWARD LEAKAGE SHOULD BE NOTED

Positive pressure checkPositive pressure check

CLOSE OFF THE EXHALATION VALVECLOSE OFF THE EXHALATION VALVE GENTLY EXHALE INTO THE MASKGENTLY EXHALE INTO THE MASK PRESSURE IN THE MASK SHOULD PRESSURE IN THE MASK SHOULD

INCREASEINCREASE NO OUTWARD LEAKAGE SHOULD BE NO OUTWARD LEAKAGE SHOULD BE

DETECTABLEDETECTABLE

USER SEAL CHECKUSER SEAL CHECK

USED FOR TIGHT FITTING MASKSUSED FOR TIGHT FITTING MASKS NOT A SUBSTITUTE FOR QUALITATIVE OR NOT A SUBSTITUTE FOR QUALITATIVE OR

QUANTITATIVE FIT TESTINGQUANTITATIVE FIT TESTING USED EACH TIME A RESPIRATOR IS PUT ONUSED EACH TIME A RESPIRATOR IS PUT ON USE POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE PRESSURE USE POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE PRESSURE

CHECKCHECK MAY SUBSTITUTE MANUFACTURER’S USER MAY SUBSTITUTE MANUFACTURER’S USER

SEAL CHECK METHODSEAL CHECK METHOD

FACIAL HAIRFACIAL HAIR

The employer shall not permit The employer shall not permit respirators with tight-fitting respirators with tight-fitting facepieces to be worn by facepieces to be worn by employees who have facial hair that employees who have facial hair that comes between the sealing surface comes between the sealing surface of the facepiece and the face or that of the facepiece and the face or that interferes with valve function or any interferes with valve function or any condition that interferes with the condition that interferes with the face-to-facepiece seal or valve face-to-facepiece seal or valve function. function.

Facial hairFacial hair

The test shall not be conducted if there is The test shall not be conducted if there is any hair growth between the skin and the any hair growth between the skin and the facepiece sealing surface, such as stubble facepiece sealing surface, such as stubble beard growth, beard, mustache or beard growth, beard, mustache or sideburns which cross the respirator sideburns which cross the respirator sealing surface. Any type of apparel which sealing surface. Any type of apparel which interferes with a satisfactory fit shall be interferes with a satisfactory fit shall be altered or removed. altered or removed.

QUANTITATIVE FIT TESTINGQUANTITATIVE FIT TESTING

OBJECTIVE TEST OBJECTIVE TEST MEASURES LEVELS OF AMBIENT DUST MEASURES LEVELS OF AMBIENT DUST

OUTSIDE AND INSIDE FACE PIECEOUTSIDE AND INSIDE FACE PIECE COMPARES OUTSIDE TO INSIDE DUST COMPARES OUTSIDE TO INSIDE DUST

LEVELSLEVELS ESTABLISHED TOLERANCESESTABLISHED TOLERANCES MUST BE USED IF FIT FACTOR IS OVER 100MUST BE USED IF FIT FACTOR IS OVER 100

FIT FACTORSFIT FACTORS

TIGHT FITTING MASKTIGHT FITTING MASK FIT FACTORFIT FACTOR

½ MASK½ MASK 100100

FULL FACEPIECEFULL FACEPIECE 500500

WHAT IS THE FIT FACTOR?WHAT IS THE FIT FACTOR?

FIT FACTOR OF 100 MEANS

NO MORE THAN ONE PARTICLE OF DUST IN THE MASK

EVERY 100 PARTICLES OF DUST OUTSIDE THE MASK

FOR

QUALITATIVE FIT TESTQUALITATIVE FIT TEST

SUBJECTIVESUBJECTIVE CHALLENGE AGENTCHALLENGE AGENT

IRRITANT SMOKE (STANNIC CHLORIDE)IRRITANT SMOKE (STANNIC CHLORIDE)

ODOR (BANANA OIL)ODOR (BANANA OIL)TASTE (SACCHARINE, BITREX)TASTE (SACCHARINE, BITREX)

MAY BE USED IF FIT FACTOR TO BE ACHIEVED MAY BE USED IF FIT FACTOR TO BE ACHIEVED IS 100 OR LESSIS 100 OR LESS

RESPIRATOR CLEANINGRESPIRATOR CLEANING

General procedures for cleaning respiratorsGeneral procedures for cleaning respirators May use alternative cleaning recommendations May use alternative cleaning recommendations

provided by the manufacturer of the respirators provided by the manufacturer of the respirators provided such procedures are as effective provided such procedures are as effective

Must ensure that the respirator is properly Must ensure that the respirator is properly cleaned and disinfected in a manner that cleaned and disinfected in a manner that prevents damage to the respirator and does not prevents damage to the respirator and does not cause harm to the user.cause harm to the user.

RESPIRATOR CLEANINGRESPIRATOR CLEANING

Respirators issued to more than one Respirators issued to more than one employee shall be cleaned and disinfected employee shall be cleaned and disinfected before being worn by different individualsbefore being worn by different individuals

Respirators maintained for emergency use Respirators maintained for emergency use shall be cleaned and disinfected after each shall be cleaned and disinfected after each useuse

Respirators used in fit testing and training Respirators used in fit testing and training shall be cleaned and disinfected after each shall be cleaned and disinfected after each useuse