Respiration. Sketch the diagram and name the three substances X, Y, Z. Can you identify the organelles shown in the cells?

Respiration.Sketch the

diagram and name the

three substances

X, Y, Z.

Can you identify the organelles

shown in the cells?

Respiration.

What factors might increase the rate at which X, Y & Z move?

True or false?

• Substances diffuse from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration.

• The rate of diffusion will increase if the difference between the concentrations is larger.

• The chemicals in respiration all move because of passive diffusion.

Anaerobic Respiration & Nutrition• Explain why during vigorous exercise, muscle cells

may not receive sufficient oxygen for their energy requirements

• Describe that glucose is changed to lactic acid and energy is released, during anaerobic respiration

• Explain why extra oxygen is needed to remove the lactic acid that causes cramp (oxygen debt)

• Demonstrate an understanding of how digital thermometers, and breathing rate and heart rate monitors, can provide more reliable data than traditional methods

• Discuss why official advice on diet and exercise change over time and consider the scientific basis of current fashionable diets and advice.

Anaerobic and aerobic exercise

• What is the difference?

• What is the equation for anaerobic respiration?

• Explain oxygen debt.

Which is better a thermometer or an electronic temperature sensor?

From P 14 & 15 • Read and take your own notes on anaerobic

exercise, the notes must cover the following areas.

• The word equation.

• Why is lactic acid formed?

• Where is lactic acid produced and where is it metabolised?

• What are the consequences of too much lactic acid?

Factor Aerobic Respiration Anaerobic Respiration

How to we maintain health?

Health

Diet and exercise

• Half a glass of wine a day can add almost five years to your life, say scientists. A study of almost 1,400 middle-aged men over a 40-year period found regularly drinking a little of any type of alcohol boosted longevity.

Diet and exercise

• Half a glass of wine a day can add almost five years to your life, say scientists. A study of almost 1,400 middle-aged men over a 40-year period found regularly drinking a little of any type of alcohol boosted longevity.

Use the text book to:

• Answer Qs 1.5 parts c & d and 1.6 on P10

• Answer parts c – f of Q 1.8 on P17

1.5

c) Physical paddles would damage the hyphae, bubbles produce a current.

d) As a source of O2 for respiration, CO2 will be released as a waste product and to prevent a pressure build up.

1.6

a) Penicillin.

b) Passing water around the outside to keep the fermenter cool, heat might slow the growth or kill the microbes.

c) Glucose (sugar), vitamins, minerals etc.

d) To ensure optimum growing conditions

e) Addition of a sterile buffer solution.

1.8c) To increase the flow of oxygen and glucose to the

muscles and remove CO2

d) Breathing rate would increase O2 intake, blood flow to the skin to cool the body, pores to open to allow sweat secretion, pancreas to produce glucagon to release glucose from glycogen in the liver.

e) Close so probably the first four mins appear to show no real change.

f) The liver will require additional oxygen to metabolise any lactic acid which has been produced and this process takes time as the acid needs to be transported to the liver in the blood.