respiration biology

8/14/2019 respiration biology

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? PROCESS


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Prepared by: K.Y.LOH


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What are the living processes that require

energy?

movement, excretion, growth, response to stimuli,

reproduction.

Main substrate for energy production is GLUCOSE

Glucose is obtain from:

- digestion (human/animals)

- photosynthesis (plants)


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RESPIR TION

EXTERNALRESPIRATIONBreathing)

INTERNALRESPIRATIONCellular Respiration)

AEROBICRESPIRATION

ANAEROBICRESPIRATION


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Gaseous exchange

Involves 2 mechanical processes:- inhalation (O2 cells)

- exhalation (CO2

atmosphere)

BREATHING


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Takes place in most organisms

Requires the presence of oxygen

Glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide

+ water + energy (2898kJ)

Catalysed by enzymes

Glucose partially broken down in

cytoplasm

Complete oxidation takes place in

mitocondria

ADP + phosphate + energy ATP


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Takes place in

e.g.

- human/animal muscles

- yeast

breaking downof glucose in the absence

of oxygen to produce

- lactic acid

- ethanol + CO2

OXIDATION incomplete, less energy per

molecules of glucose

+ energy


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Respiration Anaerobic in Human

Muscles

Vigorous exercises

O2

demand > supplyAnaerobic respiration takes place

Glucose lactic acid +energy

(150kJ)2ADP + 2P + energy 2ATP

O2DEBT in muscles (lactic acid)


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Lungs

- Deep & rapid breathing to REPAY OXYGEN

DEBT Liver (lactic acid is transported from muscle)

- 1/6 lactic acid oxidisedto produce energy

- energy convert 5/6 lactic acid back toglucose

Muscles

- Glucose returns

- excess glucose glycogen (liver)


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Oxygen consumption during exercise


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Respiration Anaerobic in Yeast

Yeast - Aerobic / Anaerobic Respiration

Anaerobic Respiration

FERMENTATIONGlucose ethanol + CO2 + energy

zymase (210kJ)

Ethanol- alcholic drinks

- CO2 - fluffy texture of bread


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Comparison between

Aerobic Respiration & AnaerobicRespiration

Similarities

Differences


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Both are cellular respiration

Glucose as source of energy

Energy store in ATP molecules

Occur in plants and animals

Catalysed by enzymes


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Carried out by

Use of oxygen

Oxidation of glucose

Product of respiration

Amount of energy

released

Number of ATP for each


produced

Location of reaction


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Almost all living things Carried out by Some plants, animals

cells, yeast & bacteria

Oxygen is used Use of oxygen Oxygen is not used

Complete Oxidation of glucose Incomplete

Carbon dioxide, water &energy

Product of respiration Ethanol, carbon dioxide& energy (yeast) or

lactic acid & energy

(muscles)

Large amount (2898kJ) Amount of energy

released

Small amount (muscle

150 kJ, yeast

210 kJ)38 molecules of ATP Number of ATP for each


produced

2 molecules of ATP

Cytoplasm &

mitochondria

Location of reaction Cytoplasm


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GROUP WORK1& 2: Make a flow chart from what you have

learnt

3: Explain the graph of oxygen

consumption during exercise

4,5,6: Plan an experiment based on the figure

below


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Group 4: The format of the report

Group 5: Aim

Problem statement

Hypothesis

VariablesMaterials

Apparatus

Group 6: Procedure

Results

Conclusion


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respiration biology

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