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The The Gospel Gospel
according to according to JOHNJOHN
Johns Gospel is the one, fine,true, and chief gospel, and isfar,
far to be preferred overthe other three and placed
high above them.Martin Luther
http://www.nga.gov/cgi-bin/pimage?41353+0+0
Gospels 1.205 - MGVHoffman
Resources for Studying the Resources for Studying the Gospel of
JohnGospel of John
by Felix Justby Felix Just
http://catholic-resources.org/John/
The Gospel according to JohnThe Gospel according to John
Who?
Beloved Disciple = author? Literary deviceLiterary device
(beloved disciple as reader)? LazarusLazarus? - 11.3,5,36: "Lord,
he whom you love is ill." John of ZebedeeJohn of Zebedee? - 13.23;
19.26; 20.2; 21.7,20:
One of his disciples -- the one whom Jesus loved --was reclining
next to him
No explicit reference in the Gospel to John son of Zebedee
(21.2)
Tradition of John and Mary (19.26) ThomasThomas (the Twin)?
Relation to (John) the Elder of Johannine Letters (2 John 1.1; 3
John 1.1)
Relation to John of Revelation (1.1, 4, 9; 22.8)
The Gospel according to JohnThe Gospel according to John
When?
Stages of compositionEarly: 40-70CE - Jewish
Xns within synagogue
Middle: 70-80CE - Xns and synagogue in tension
Late: 80-100CE - Xns over against synagogue
>> ~90CE
Oral, unorganized collection of Jesus words and deeds
Distinctive units shapedthrough decades ofpreaching/teaching
(Signs Gospel?)
Units organized consecutivelyRedactions
Final editing:Add chs 15-17, 21
The Gospel according to JohnThe Gospel according to John
Where? Traditional: Ephesus Galilee? Syria? Alexandria? John and
the John and the SynopticsSynoptics
http://catholic-resources.org/John/Synoptic-Differences.htm
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John and the John and the SynopticsSynopticsMaterial ONLY in
JohnMaterial ONLY in John
Prologue (1:1-18)
Wedding at Cana (2:1-12) Dialogue with Nicodemus (2:233:21)
Samaritan Woman at the Well (4:1-42) Healing of a Sick Man at Pool
of Bethesda (5:1-18) Bread of Life Discourse (6:22-65) [Woman
caught in Adultery (7:538:11)] Giving Sight to a Man Born Blind
(9:1-41) Raising of Lazarus (11:1-44)
http://catholic-resources.org/John/Synoptic-Differences.htm
Washing of the Disciples Feet (13:1-20) Last Supper Discourses,
including "Paraclete" & "Vine and
Branches" The "Disciple Whom Jesus Loved" Great Prayer of Jesus
(17:1-26) New Details at the Crucifixion (19:20-24, 26-28, 30-37,
39)
Resurrection Appearance to Mary Magdalene alone Resurrection
Appearance to Thomas (20:24-29) Resurrection Appearance at the Sea
of Galilee
John and the John and the SynopticsSynopticsMaterial ONLY in
JohnMaterial ONLY in John
http://catholic-resources.org/John/Synoptic-Differences.htm
John and the John and the SynopticsSynopticsMaterial different
in John compared to Material different in John compared to
SynopticsSynoptics
http://catholic-resources.org/John/Synoptic-Differences.htm
Anointing at Bethany by Lazarussister Mary,and objection by
Judas Iscariot
Anointing at Bethany by anonymous woman,and objection by
anonymous people
Jesus ministry overlaps with John (3:22-24)
Jesus ministry begins after John the Baptists arrest
Temple cleansing at the beginning of Jesus ministry (2:13ff)
Temple cleansing one week before Jesus death
First Disciples are Andrew, an anonymous second one, Simon
Peter, Philipp, Nathanael (1:35-51)
First Disciples Jesus calls directly are Simon & Andrew,
James & John
Multiple Journeys to JerusalemOnly One Journey to Jerusalem
Jesus ministry spans three Passovers (2:13; 6:4; 11:55)
Jesus ministry lasts about one year
JohnSynoptics
John and the John and the SynopticsSynopticsMaterial different
in John compared to Material different in John compared to
SynopticsSynoptics
http://catholic-resources.org/John/Synoptic-Differences.htm
Main focus: Eternal LifeMain focus: Kingdom of GodRealized
Eschatology (Present)Future Eschatology (Imminent)
Martha of Bethany, Mary Magdalene, and the "Beloved Disciple"
are more prominent as "disciples"
Peter is the first and most prominent of the "apostles"
Love one another (focus within the community)
Love your neighbors; Love you enemies
Jesus opponents are usually called "the Jews" or "the world"
Opponents of Jesus include Sadducees, Herodians, etc.
Only a few "signs" but several long monologues and dialogues
Many miracles but few longer speeches
Last Supper is before the Passover (13:1; 18:28), and Jesus dies
on the Preparation Day before Passover
Last Supper is the Passover Meal,and Jesus is crucified on the
Day of Passover
JohnSynoptics
Outline of JohnOutline of John
Introduction / Prologue: 1.1-18 Book of Signs: 1.19-12.50 Book
of Glory: 13.1-20.31 Conclusion: 20.30-31 Epilogue: 21.1-25
http://catholic-resources.org/John/Outlines-Gospel.htm
John 1.1John 1.1--1818
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John 1.1John 1.1--1818
Pre-existence of Christ Incarnation Two naturesdivine &
humanof Christ
To all who To all who received him, who received him, who
believed in his name, believed in his name, he gave power to he
gave power to become children of become children of God. God.
(1.12)(1.12)
http://www.artic.edu/aic/collections/eurptg/14pc_dipaolo.html
John 1.20John 1.20--5151Jesus and Jesus and
John the BaptistJohn the Baptist
.
Behold the Lamb of God who takes away
the sin of the world!
in Johnin John
http://catholic-resources.org/John/Themes-Jews.htm
The The JewsJews in Johnin John Specifically and only to the
"Jewish leaders
and authorities," rather than to the people as a whole
Only or mainly to the people living in the geographical
territory of Judea, that is, "the Judeans
To all members (or some or any in general) of the
ethnic/religious group of people still called "Jews" today
SignsSigns in Johnin John 2:11, 18, 23; 3:2; 4:48, 54; 6:2, 14,
26, 30; 7:31; 9:16;
10:41; 11:47; 12:18, 37; 20:30 Cana: Jesus did this, the first
of his signs Healing officials son: Now this was the second
sign
that Jesus did 4:48 Then Jesus said to him, "Unless you see
signs
and wonders you will not believe." (6.26) 20:30-31 Now Jesus did
many other signs in the
presence of his disciples, which are not written in this book.
But these are written so that you may come to believe that Jesus is
the Messiah, the Son of God, and that through believing you may
have life in his name.
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The Last Supper and Crucifixion in The Last Supper and
Crucifixion in JohnJohn
For both Synoptics and John: Passover is on 15 Nisan On Thursday
evening, Jesus had a last
supper with his disciples and later was arrested
On Friday, Jesus was tried and crucified and buried late that
afternoon
On Saturday: Sabbath rest On Sunday morning, women/disciples
go to the tomb
http://catholic-resources.org/Bible/Jesus_Death.htm
The Last Supper and Crucifixion in The Last Supper and
Crucifixion in JohnJohn
The difference between Synoptics and John
15 Nisan is on Friday
>>
Last Supper is a Passover meal
Jesus crucified on Passover
15 Nisan is on Saturday
>>
Last supper is not a Passover meal
Jesus crucified on the Day of Preparation when Passover lambs
were slaughtered
http://catholic-resources.org/Bible/Jesus_Death.htm
Grunewald
John 3:30 John 3:30 He must increase, He must increase,
but I must decrease.but I must decrease.
Woman, here is your sonWoman, here is your son
Here is your mother.Here is your mother.I am thirsty.I am
thirsty.
It is finished.It is finished. ResurrectionResurrection
Noli me tangere.
http://www.abcgallery.com/P/poussin/poussin88.JPG
John 20.24John 20.24--2929DoubtingDoubtingThomasThomas
http://www.c-vonaesch.ch/jean20site.jpg
"My Lord and my God!
"Have you believed because you have seen me? Blessed are
those
who have not seen and yet have come to believe."
John 20.30John 20.30--3131
http://www.c-vonaesch.ch/jean20site.jpg
Now Jesus did many other signs in the
presence of his disciples, which are not written in this book.
But these are written so that you may
come to believe that Jesus is the Messiah, the
Son of God, and that through believing you
may have life in his name.
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John as a TwoJohn as a Two--Level StoryLevel Story
1. Story located in time of Jesus2. Story located in Johannine
community
Jesus and John the Baptist
John 9 as an example of Johannine writing style
Jesus and John the BaptistJesus and John the BaptistJohn 1:19-21
This is the testimony given by John when the Jews sent priests and
Levites from Jerusalem to ask him, "Who are you?" 20 He confessed
and did not deny it, but confessed, "I am not the Messiah." 21And
they asked him, "What then? Are you Elijah?" He said, "I am not."
"Are you the prophet?" He answered, "No."
Mark 8:27-29Jesus asked his disciples,
"Who do people say that I am?" 28 And they answered him, "John
the Baptist; and others,Elijah; and still others, one of the
prophets." 29 He asked them, "But who do you say that I am?" Peter
answered him, "You are theMessiah."
Jesus and John the BaptistJesus and John the BaptistJohn 1:29-34
The next day he saw Jesus coming toward him and declared, "Here is
the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world! 30 This is he
of whom I said, 'After me comes a man who ranks ahead of me because
he was before me.' 31 I myself did not know him; but I came
baptizing with water for this reason, that he might be revealed to
Israel." 32 And John testified, "I saw the Spirit descending from
heaven like a dove, and it remained on him. 33 I myself did not
know him, but the one who sent me to baptize with water said to me,
'He on whom you see the Spirit descend and remain is the one who
baptizes with the Holy Spirit.' 34 And I myself have seen and have
testified that this is the Son of God."
Jesus and John the BaptistJesus and John the BaptistJohn 3:26-30
26 They came to John and said to him, "Rabbi, the one who was with
you across the Jordan, to whom you testified, here he is baptizing,
and all are going to him." 27John answered, "No one can receive
anything except what has been given from heaven. 28 You yourselves
are my witnesses that I said, 'I am not the Messiah, but I have
been sent ahead of him.' 29 He who has the bride is the bridegroom.
The friend of the bridegroom, who stands and hears him, rejoices
greatly at the bridegroom's voice. For this reason my joy has been
fulfilled. 30 He must increase, but I must decrease."
Jesus and John the BaptistJesus and John the BaptistJohn
10:41-42 Many came to [Jesus], and they were saying, "John
performed no sign, but everything that John said about this man was
true." And many believed in him there.
Jesus and John the BaptistJesus and John the BaptistActs
18:24-26 Now there came to Ephesus a Jew named Apollos, a native of
Alexandria. He was an eloquent man, well-versed in the scriptures.
25 He had been instructed in the Way of the Lord; and he spoke with
burning enthusiasm and taught accurately the things concerning
Jesus, though he knew only the baptism of John. 26 He began to
speak boldly in the synagogue; but when Priscilla and Aquila heard
him, they took him aside and explained the Way of God to him more
accurately.
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Jesus and John the BaptistJesus and John the BaptistActs 19:1-6
While Apollos was in Corinth, Paul passed through the interior
regions and came to Ephesus, where he found some disciples. 2 He
said to them, "Did you receive the Holy Spirit when you became
believers?" They replied, "No, we have not even heard that there is
a Holy Spirit." 3 Then he said, "Into what then were you baptized?"
They answered, "Into John's baptism." 4 Paul said, "John baptized
with the baptism of repentance, telling the people to believe in
the one who was to come after him, that is, in Jesus." 5 On hearing
this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. 6 When Paul
had laid his hands on them, the Holy Spirit came upon them, and
they spoke in tongues and prophesied.
John as a TwoJohn as a Two--Level StoryLevel Story
1. Story located in time of JesusThere was a relationship
between John and Jesus that may have been somewhat competitive
2. Story located in Johannine communityThere are disciples of
John the Baptist who are somewhat in competition to the disciples
of Jesus