Resources and development presentation

Resourcesand

development

Resources• Everything available in our environment which

can be used to satisfy our needs , provided it is technologically accessible , economically feasible and culturally acceptable can be termed as ‘Resource’.

Interdependent Relationship

Nature

HumanBeings

InstitutionsTechnology

Classification of Resources 1. On the basis of Origin: Biotic and Abiotic 2. On the basis of Exhaustibility: Renewable and Non-renewable. 3. On the basis of Ownership: Individual ,

community, national and international. 4. On the basis of status of development: potential, developed, stock and reserves.

On the basis of Origina) Biotic Resources: These are obtained

from biosphere and have life such as human beings, flora and fauna, fisheries, live stocks etc.

b) Abiotic Resources: All those things which are composed of non living things are called abiotic resources such as rocks and metals.

Biotic &AbioticResources

2) On the basis of Exhaustibility

a) Renewable resources: The resources which can be renewed or reproduced by physical, chemical or replenish able resources. Example: solar and wind energy, water, forest and wildlife etc.

2)b) Non – Renewable Resources : These

occur over a very long geographical time . Minerals and fossil fuels are examples of such resources . These resources take millions of years in their formation.

3) On the basis of Ownershipa) Individual Resources : These

resources are owned by individuals privately. People owns house, plots and other property.

3)b) Community owned Resources : These are

resources which are accessible to all the members of a community . Village commons such as grazing grounds , burial grounds , village ponds and public parks , picnic spots , playground are some of the examples.

3)c) National Resources : Technically ,all the

resources belong to the nation . The country has legal powers to acquire even private property for public good . All the minerals, forests, wildlife, land within the political boundaries and oceanic area up to 12 nautical miles from the coast belong to the nation.

3)d) International Resources: These are

international Institutions which regulates some resources. The oceanic resources beyond 200 nautical miles of Exclusive Economic Zone belong to open ocean and no individual country can utilize these resources without permissions.

4) 0n the basis of statues of Development

a) Potential Resources : Resources which are found in a region, but have not been utilized . For example, the western part of India particularly Gujarat and Rajasthan have enormous potential for development of wind and solar energy , but so far these have not been developed properly

4b)Developed Resources : Resources which

have been surveyed and their quality and quantity have been determined for utilization . The development of resources depends on technology and level of feasibility.

c) Stock : Material in our environment which has the potential to satisfy human needs but humans does not appropriate technology to access these are called Stocks . Example water is a compound of two inflammable gases : hydrogen and oxygen which can been used as a rich source of energy.

Developed &Stock Resources

4Reserves: These are the subset of stock which can be

put into use which is help of existing knowledge but their use has not been started yet. These can be used for meeting future requirements. Example River water can be used for generating hydro electric power but presently, It is being utilized only to a limited extent .

Development of Resources

.Resources are vital for human survivals well has for maintaining the quality of life .

.Human being use them indiscriminately and this has led to many problem such as :

i. Depletion of resources for satisfying the greed of few individuals

ii. Accumulation of resources in few hands, which ,in turn divided the into two segments that is rich and poor or house and have not’s.

Continued ….iii. Indiscriminate exploitation of resources has led

to global ecological crisis such as , global warming , ozone layer depletion , environmental pollution and land degradation.

. If the present trend of resource depletion , by a few individuals and countries continues, the future of our planet is in danger .

. Therefore , Resources planning is essential for sustainable existence of all life forms.

Resource Planning. Planning is widely accepted strategy for

judicious use of resources . It has important in a country like India, which has enormous diversity in the availability of resources.

. These are some regions which can be considered self sufficient in terms of the availability of resources and there are some regions which have acute shortage of some resources.

Land Resources. We live on land, we perform our economic activities

on land and we use it in different ways . Thus , land is a natural resources of utmost importance.

. India has land under a variety of relief features , namely , mountains , plateau , plains and islands.

. About 43% of the land area is plain , which provides facilities for agricultural and industry . Mountains accounts for 30 % and about 23 % of the area is plateau region.

Continued…….. Land Under Important Relief Features Plains 432 Mountains 302 Plateaus 272

t

Soil as a Resource

Sub soil

Substratum soil

Un whethered

Top soil

Classification of Soil1) Alluvial Soils : This is the most widely spread and

important soil. In fact the entire northern plains made of this soil . These soil have been deposited by the three important river system the Indus , the Ganga , and the Bhramaputra . Alluvial soil consists of sand , silts and clay . Alluvial as a whole is a very fertile soil.

Continued…….2) Black Soil : These soils are black in color and is

also known as regur soil or black cotton soil . It is very ideal for growing cotton . This soil is made up of lava flows. The black soil are made up of extremely fine i.e, clayey material . They are well known for their capacity to hold moisture and also rich in soil nutrients.

Continued……3) Red and Yellow Soils : Red soils develops on

crystalline igneous rocks in area of low rainfall in the eastern and southern part of Deccan plateau . These soils develops a reddish color due to diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks . It looks yellow when it occurs in hydrated form.

Continued…….4) Laterite Soils : The laterite soil develops in the

area with high temperature and heavy rainfall. The humus content of the soil is low because most

of the micro organisms get destroyed due to the temperature . Laterite soils are suitable for cultivation after adequate doses of manures and fertilizers.

Continued……5) Arid Soils : Arid soils range from red to brown in

color. They are generally Sandy in texture and saline in nature . Du to the dry climate, high temperature , evaporation is faster and the soil lacks humus and moisture . After proper irrigation these soils become cultivatable as has been in the case of Rajasthan.

Continued…..6) Forest Soils: These soils are found in the hilly and

mountainous areas where sufficient rain forests are available . The soils texture varies according to the mountain environment where they are formed . They are loamy and silty in valley sides and coarse grained in the upper slopes.

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MADE BY :•Anannya &•deepthi