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Resource Planning and
Scheduling
CSTM 462
“Resource Loading” Fall 2012
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Schedule
October 01/02- Resource Loading Lecture
October 03/04- ASiMI Lab
Week of October 08- No ClassDownload Software-Download instructionsgiven in October 03/04 Lab
October 15/16- Midterm- Lectures 1-7- OpenNotes during exam
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Float
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4
Schedule – Typical Critical Path Method
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Schedule – “RACS”
Resource Allocation Control System
5
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Resource Loading
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Resource Curve
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Importance of Resource Planning
and Scheduling
A network schedule that does not include
resource constraints assumes that an
unlimited quantity of resources is available
to the project. Schedules developedwithout resource constraints may not be
feasible or realistic when actual resources
are considered.
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The five categories of resource
planning techniques.
1. Resource Loading
2. Resource Aggregation
3. Resource Availability Analysis4. Resource-Constrained Scheduling
5. Resource Leveling
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Resource Loading
• Resource loading allows the planner to
assign resources such as labor,
equipment and materials to each activity in
the project schedule.
• These units might be craftsmen, pieces of
equipment or quantities of construction
materials.
• Craftsmen or equipment the norm.
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Loading the Schedule
Form Concrete
Six Carpenters
Fabricate Wall FormsEight Carpenters
Set Wall Forms
Five Carpenters
6 6 6 6 14 14 14 8 8 8 13 13 5 5 5 5 5 5
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Resource Aggregation
• Resource aggregation totals each type ofresource used in the schedule for each time unitbetween scheduled project start and finish.
• Look at the early and late start and finish dates.
• Remember your resource requirements for thecritical path doesn’t change only the floatactivities
• You like to see a bell curve on your resource
aggregation always keeping in mind the earlyand late dates on the items with float.
• EX-Average daily manpower per week graph
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Resource Availability Analysis
• Simply compares the amount of resources
required to the maximum amount of
resources that are available for use.
• In the real world can we get more
resources.
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Time-and-Resource-Constrained
Scheduling
• Time constrained or resource constrained.
• Time use an end date.
• Resources schedules the project onavailable resources.
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Resource Availability Analysis
• Simply compares the amount of resources
required to the maximum amount of resources
that are available for use
• In the real world can we get more resources.• When the assigned resources exceed those
available:
– Shift non-critical activities within the schedule
– Obtain more resources
– Extend the schedule to lower the demand during the
original schedule.
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Time and Resource
Constrained Scheduling• Schedules can be time constrained or
resource constrained but not both.
– Time use an end date
– Resource schedules the project on available
resources
• Time- get more resources
• Resource- a shortage extend the time
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Resource Leveling
• Attempts to keep the requirements for a construction resource asconstant as possible over the duration of the project.
• Non-critical activities are shifted within the schedule using theavailable total float in order to level resource usage and the plannedproject completion date is unchanged as a result of the levelingprocess.
• This techniques are used when the project duration is fixed.• Maximizing the effects of resource leveling requires performing both
a backward and forward pass again through the network.
• The primary objective is to reduce the peaks and valleys withoutincreasing the duration.
• Delaying those activities to the last available space.• Use of algorithms and the software program for this class.
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Leveling
Basically delaying the scheduled
performance of non-critical activities .
The daily total resource usage of the project
decreases at the beginning of the project
and increases at the end.
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Resource Curves
• The bell shape
• Leveling resources
• Planning tool• Tracking Tool
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Resource Leveling
– Some people in
the industry find it
too random
– Look at loading
and make
changes
– Getting
appropriate
information from
you
subcontractors.1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Before
After0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Equivalent Person
Time in Weeks
Resource Profile Before & After Leveling
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Resource Curve
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Float & Resource Leveling
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Float & Resource Leveling
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Advanced Scheduling andMeasuring Productivity Workshop 27
Schedule – “RACS” Resource Allocation Control System
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Advanced Scheduling andMeasuring Productivity Workshop 28
Schedule
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