What is Cyclodextrin(CD)?Consists of glucose monomer
Formed into a ring of glucose monomer called the oligosaccharide ring
There are three common cyclodextrins 6, 7 or 8 glucose monomers (α-, β-, and γ-
cyclodextrin) -“Parent CD”
Production of CDFirst described by A. Viliers and discovered
by Schrödinger by the use of the anaerobic bacteria Bacillus macerans
It requires blood temperature to live
Spreads around quickly
The bacteria is used to produce an enzyme called CGTase, cyclodextrin glucosyltransferase
The starch is degraded by the CGTase to form cyclodextrin by the enzymatic
conversion
(Conversion of
corn)
Structure of CDbottomless bowl-shaped molecule hydrogen bonding forces between two
glucose monomers – truncated cone (donut shaped)
The hydroxyl groups are orientated to the cone exterior
allows the CD to be soluble in water
water-soluble (less hydrophilic) interior cavity support the transport of less water soluble hydrophobic molecules
due to the skeletal carbons and ethereal oxygen inclusion complexes
Inclusion complex increases the solubility of the guest molecule
Uses of CDused in a variety of areas including: -
pharmaceutical, cosmetics, food industry
In Pharmaceutical: increase the solubility increases the drugs abilitymasks the taste - given to children easily
In Food Industries: increase the stability of guest molecules shields the molecule from external environmental factors i.e. decomposition
In Cosmetics:CD is used in perfumes-long lasting slow
release masks odder from the body-entrapping the
odder molecules in the cavity
Recent and future DevelopmentsNaringenin- the bitter taste, molecule in
grapefruit
treat diabetes and hyper-metabolismreduce generation of bad cholesterol
Due to CDs ability to remove cholesterolcyclodextrin to be used as a drug carrier to treat Niemann-Pick C
Judgement widely used-they do not reach their full
potential research expensive and slowside effects known to the human bodymany research is being done to develop the
CD to the required effectIt is an all-round molecule-used to benefit the
human society