Research Question(s) Sample Research Questions Does the use of e-Information responders to provide immediate feedback to graduate students in AEE classes.

Research Question(s) Sample Research Questions

Does the use of e-Information responders to provide immediate feedback to graduate students in AEE classes increase student learning?

Does the use of e-Information responders to provide immediate feedback to graduate students in AEE classes improve student evaluations of classes?

Research Question(s) One may have several research question For data analysis avoid research questions with

an “and” Does the use of e-Information responders to provide

immediate feedback to graduate students in AEE classes increase student learning and improve student evaluations of classes?

One part of the question may be yes and the other no. It is best to compartmentalize everything.

The Hypothesis

In proposing or reporting research, two types of hypotheses are normally stated: Directional

AEE graduate students will learn more in classes in which e-Instruction responders are used than in classes where they are not used.

Null There will be no difference in AEE graduate student

learning in classes in which e-Instruction responders are used and in classes in which they are not used.

The Hypothesis It is possible to have a nondirectional

hypothesis. This is stated the same as a null hypothesis.

When one performs a statistical test, they are actually testing the Null hypothesis

Literature Review5

It may be incorporated into introduction

Ensures that you are not reinventing the wheel

Gives credits to those who have laid the groundwork for your research

Demonstrates your understanding of the theoretical and research issues to your research question

6

Shows your ability to critically evaluate relevant literature information

Indicates your ability to integrate and combine the existing literature

Provides new theoretical insights or develops a new model as the conceptual framework for your research

Literature Review

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Convinces your reader that your proposed research will make a significant and extensive contribution to literature

Resolving an important theoretical issue

Literature Review

Literature Review (major mistakes)8

Lacking organization and structure Lacking focus, unity and coherence Being repetitive and verbose Failing to cite influential papers Failing to keep up with recent

developments Failing to critically evaluate cited

paper

Literature Review Organization9

Make use of subheadings to bring order and coherence to your review

Having established the importance of your research area and its current state of development

Theory models, measuring instrument, cross-cultural and gender differences,…

Introduction10

Set the delimitation or boundaries of your proposed research to provide a clear focus

Provide definition of key concepts

Introduction

FALL-2009 KAUCS-691 FCIT/ Dr. Ahmed Yahya

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It provides the necessary background or context for your research problem

It begins with a general statement of the problem area, with focus on a specific research problem

Then it followed by the rational or justification for proposed study

How to frame the research problem is the biggest problem in proposal writing!!!!!!!!!!

Introduction

FALL-2009 KAUCS-691 FCIT/ Dr. Ahmed Yahya

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State the research problem Provide the context and set the stage

for your research question Present the rational of your proposed

study and indicate clearly why it is worth doing

Describe the major issues and sub-problem to be addressed by your research

Introduction

FALL-2009 KAUCS-691 FCIT/ Dr. Ahmed Yahya

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Identify the key independent and dependent variables of your experiment

Specify the phenomenon you want to study

State your hypothesis or theory