RESEARCH IN SVALBARD 2004 · Population monitoring of Svalbard Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus mutus hyperboreus): point count survey of territorial males in spring. (Biology and Ecology)

Svalbard Science ForumLongyearbyen 2004

RESEARCH IN SVALBARD 2004

A yearly information bulletin based on contributionsfrom scientists working in Svalbard

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© The Research Council of Norway

Title: Research in Svalbard 2004Editor: Kjell Tore Hansen, Svalbard Science Forum, Longyearbyen

Are Bjørdal, Norwegian Polar Institute, TromsøISBN: 82-12-01972-1

Order additional copies from:Svalbard Science ForumP.O.Box 506N-9171 LongyearbyenNorway

Tlf: (+47) 79 02 26 16Fax: (+47) 79 02 26 04E-mail: [email protected]

You will be able to view and print the bulletin from: http://www.npolar.no/ris

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Table of contents

Introduction 6

Some Statistics 7

Project Reports for Biology 11"Digestibility of ice algae and phytoplankton: The potential impacts of changing food supply tothe arctic benthos" (Marine Ecology) 11"On Thin Ice? Climatic Influence on Energy Flow and Trophic Structure in Arctic MarineEcosystems" (Marine Ecology) 13Environmental effects of offshore oil activities: Experimental tests of petroleum-associatedcomponents on benthos at community, individual, and cellular levels (EXPAC) (MarineEcology) 15Description of parameters of the population dynamics of polar bivalve communities, first year:growth and reproductive cycle of the dominant Greenland cockles (Serripes groenlandicus)(Benthology) 17Food in the Arctic pelagic system, its role in the diet of filter feeders, and fertilisation by exu-dates: an experiment in situ (Benthology) 19Succession of benthic communities in polar environments: Benthic resilience in polarenvironments: a comparison (Benthology) 21

UV effects on marine macroalgae (Marine Botany) 23

Adoption in Geese - an adaptive strategy? (Biology) 25

Goose breeding ecology: overcoming successive hurdles to raise goslings (Biology) 27Combined effects of goose grazing and climatic warming on vulnerable tundra ecosystems(Biology) 29

Metabolic and hormonal correlates of reproductive effort in the kittiwake (Ecology) 32Incubation behaviour and energetic strategy during reproduction in long-lived birds : Ecologicaland physiological aspects (Ecophysiology) 34

Snow Algae in Svalbard (KOL 07) (Biology and Ecology) 36

Arctic and Alpine Stream Ecosystem Research (AASER) (Freshwater Ecology) 38Biology and ecology of aphid populations in arctic environment: relationships between endemicand introduced species, adaptive strategies and population genetic structure (Population Biology) 40

Physiological accclimation of Arctic macroalgae along vertical stress gradients (Marine Botany) 42

Inventory of the Horsund fjord marine fauna and flora (Marine Ecology) 43The effect of solar UV on lipids in the planktonic food chain of polar freshwater ponds.(Biology) 44CABANERA-Carbon flux and ecosystem feedback in the northern Barents Sea in an era ofclimate change (Marine Ecology) 45The role of climatic variation in the dynamics and persistence of an Arctic predator-prey/host-parasite system (Ecology) 47Bioavailability and effects of organochlorine contaminants in relation to seasonal lipid cycles inarctic fox. (Ecotoxicology) 49

Arctic fox den monitoring on svalbard (Biology and Ecology) 51

Svalbard reindeer monitoring, Brøggerhalvøya (Ecology) 53Hydoacoustic (EK-60) survey of pelagic fish and invertebrates in Kongsfjorden (MarineEcology) 54Population monitoring of Svalbard Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus mutus hyperboreus): point countsurvey of territorial males in spring. (Biology and Ecology) 55Effects of organohalogen contaminants on the metabolic systems and thyroid functions ofglaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus) from Bjørnøya (Ecotoxicology) 56Effects of climate change on ecosystems in Svalbard: past and future immigration ofthermophilous key species (Botany) 58Monitoring rabies, parasites and diseases in the arctic fox population on Svalbard (Biology andEcology) 60Spatial population/ metapopulation structure of the arctic fox within the Svalbard archipelago.(Biology and Ecology) 62

Reproductive biology of the snow bunting, Plectrophenax nivalis (Zoology) 63

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Plant-herbivore interactions in an Arctic pre-breeding area for geese: effects of timing andforaging intensity (Ecology) 65Germinable seed bank diversity at high altitudes on Svalbard and implications to vegetationpopulation dynamics with climate change (Botany) 66Some aspects of life strategies of marine ostracods and copepods from northern fjords andNottinghambukta (SW Spitsbergen). (Biology) 68

Density dependent regulation of barnacle goose numbers (Ecology) 70Investigation of the physiological anad cellular adaptation of higher plants and snow algae to thearctic enviroment. (Botany) 72Effects of UV radiation on lipids, fatty acids and nutritional quality of Arctic marine algae andzooplankton (Marine Biology) 74

Project Reports for Geology 76"Bioatratigraphy and ecological succsession of permian-carbonferous Rugosa corals fromSpitsbergen" (Paleontology) 76

3D geometry of karst and fractures in carbonate buildups (Geology) 78

ECLOCAL Prog IPEV 398 (Geology) 80

Paraglacial geomorphology (Geomorphology and Glaciology) 82Geotectonic and paleogeographic evolution of the Southern Spitsbergen based on the

palaeomagnetic investigations of Paleozoic and Triassic rocks from the Hornsund region.(Paleomagnetism) 84

Genesis of hydrothermal mineral deposits in Svalbard (Geology) 86

Lower Palaeozoic sedimentology and stratigraphy of NE Svalbard (Geology) 87

Polar Karst (Geology) 88

Project Reports for Geophysics 89Spectrograph Imaging Facility (SIF) (Physics) 89

Seismological Station at Ny Ålesund (Seismology) 91

Heat and mass transfer in permafrost affected soils (Hydrology) 92

KOL 02c, Trace gas measurements by Fourier Transform Spectrosocopy (NDSC) (Geophysics) 94

KOP 74, Observation of greenhouse gases by FTIR spectrometry (SOGE) (Geophysics) 96KOP 67, Validation of the SCIAMACHY satellite instrument by ground-based FTIRspectrometry (Geophysics) 97

Polarstern Cruise ARK XX/2 (Oceanography) 99

The meteorological conditions and climatic modifications study in Spitsbergen (Meteorology) 101

EPIS (Atmospheric Physics) 103

Water, sediment and solute fluxes from the Midre Lovenbreen basin (Glaciology) 104

Allsky cameras in Longyearbyen and Ny Alesund (Geophysics) 106Chemistry of size-fractionated atmospheric aerosols at the Zeppelin mountain station, Ny-Ålesund (Atmospheric Chemistry) 107

Chemistry of mercury in polar areas (CHIMERPOL) (Chemistry) 109

Climate affecting substances in the Arctic (Atmospheric Science) 111ISPOG - Internal Structure and Bedrock of the Polythermal Glaciers in SW Spitsbergen(Glaciology) 113

ITACA² - twin 76-ilat auroral monitors (Space Physics) 114

AREX 2004 (Oceanography) 116

Investigations of perennial springs on Spitsbergen (Hydrology) 117Mass balance of glaciers between Aavatsmarkbreen and Dahlbreen with detailed investigationsof Waldemarbreen and Irenebreen (Glaciology) 118

Svalbardtokt 2004 (Hydrographic Survey) 120

Monitoring Heavy Metals and Organic Pollutants in Air at Svalbard (Atmospheric Chemistry) 121

Automatic Weather Stations (Meteorology) 122Parameterisation of snow and ice albedo in the ECHAM5 General Circulation Model (GCM).(Glaciology) 123

Massbalance of glaciers in Svalbard (Glaciology) 125

Solar Radiation Monitoring at Sverdrup Station, Ny-Ålesund (Atmospheric Physics) 127Permanent observations of changes of terrestrial geophysical fields and anviromental monitoring(Geophysics) 128

Tenth Czech Glaciological Polar Expedition , Spitsbergen 2004 (Glaciology) 130

Ice ridges ion the Barents Sea (Ice thermomechanics and ice morphology) 131

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Sea ice formation and growth in the Van Mijen fjord (Ice thermomechanics and ice morphology) 132

Ice physics and crystal structure (Ice physics) 133

KOP 60, Tropospheric aerosol observations by FTIR spectrometry (Geophysics) 134

Lomonosovfonna Ice Dynamics (Glaciology) 135

Project Reports for Other Disciplines 137Climate gas monitoring at the Zeppelin Station (Climate gases) 137

Appendix 1: Address List 138

Appendix 2: RiS’ Map With Geographic Zones 145

6

RESEARCH IN SVALBARD 2004

- information about ongoing scientific projects -

This year’s “Research in Svalbard” is the 23 in a row. The intention of the bulletin is to provideinformation about ongoing scientific work in the Svalbard region, and to assist the scientistsinvolved in exchanging information about their projects, in order to obtain additional informationor to co-ordinate field activities. In 1998, the Research Council of Norway established SvalbardScience Forum (SSF) in Longyearbyen. The aim is to give information about Svalbard as ascience platform and to assist scientists and organisations in Svalbard with practical matters. SSFis the publisher of this year’s bulletin. Please be aware that the registration of field projects is on avoluntary basis. This means that some projects may not be registered. We also would like to drawthe reader’s attention to the fact that the registration deadline is prior to the start of the majority ofthe field projects, and therefore planned projects have been registered. In spite of theselimitations, it is our impression that the contents are fairly accurate in terms of distributionbetween nations, disciplines, and geographic areas. Registration forms for this publication havebeen registered into our database as they have been received. Svalbard Science Forum holds noresponsibility for the information given. The database is also available via our Internet pagehttp://www.npolar.no/ris/ where updated information will be presented. We are grateful to allwho have contributed to making this year’s “Research in Svalbard” as complete as possible.Please contact Svalbard Science Forum should you require further information. For entries to the2005 edition, please look at our web page at the end of this year.

Longyearbyen, June 2004

Kjell Tore HansenResearch Coordinator SSF

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Some statistics

Based on the information stored in our database we have compiled the following statistics. Sinceregistration is volunteer and since we have no way of knowing if the projects have been carriedout, the information here is only an approximate description of the research activity in Svalbardtoday.

Total Number of registered Research Projects in Svalbard in 2004This year we have received descriptions for a total 78 projects from 15 nations, includingmultinational projects.

Table 1. The number of registered research projects in Svalbard pr. discipline and nation.COUNTRY Biology Geology Geophysics Other Grand Total

Belgium 0 0 1 0 1

Canada 1 0 1 0 2

Czech Republic 0 0 1 0 1

Finland 0 0 1 0 1

France 4 2 2 0 8

Germany 8 0 8 0 16

Holland 1 0 0 0 1

International 1 0 0 0 1

Italy 0 0 2 0 2

Norway 15 4 9 1 29

Poland 2 3 2 0 7

Russia 0 0 2 0 2

Sweden 0 0 2 0 2

UK 1 0 2 0 3

USA 0 0 2 0 2

Grand Total 33 9 35 1 781) Biology includes projects in Ecology, Ecotoxicology, Botany, Ornithology, and Zoology.2) Geology includes projects in Geography, Geomorphology, and Soil science.3) Geophysics includes projects in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Geomagnetism, Hydrology, Glaciology,Hydrography, Meteorology, Oceanography, and Radioactivity.4) Other includes projects in Archaeology, History, Arctic Technology, Topography, and Geodesy.

8

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Other

Geophysics

Geology

Biology

Figure 1. The number of registered research projects in Svalbard in 2004 pr. nation.

The number of registered research projects in Svalbard 1992-2004The total number of projects varies from year to year. Since the registration is voluntary we dounfortunately not receive information about all projects in the region. The following tables,therefore, only show a summary of the projects listed in each year's RiS bulletin.

Table 2. The number of registered projects in Svalbard for each main discipline.

Year Total Biology Geology Geophysics Others

1992 155 48 (31%) 23 (15%) 73 (47%) 11 (7%)

1993 115 51 (44%) 12 (10%) 48 (42%) 4 (4%)

1994 126 43 (34%) 18 (14%) 59 (47%) 6 (5%)

1995 148 46 (32%) 23 (16%) 71 (47%) 8 (5%)

1996 146 46 (32%) 22 (15%) 72 (49%) 6 (4%)

1997 132 41 (32%) 41 (32%) 46 (35%) 2 (1%)

1998 137 44 (32%) 16 (12%) 75 (55%) 2 (1%)

1999 142 58 (41%) 15 (10%) 68 (48%) 1 (1%)

2000 105 44 (42%) 10 (9%) 50 (48%) 1 (1%)

2001 107 34 (32%) 14 (13%) 59 (55%) 0 (0%)

2002 106 36 (34%) 16 (15%) 52 (49%) 2 (2%)

2003 110 44 (40%) 14 (13%) 49 (45%) 3 (2%)

2004 78 33 (42%) 9 (12%) 35 (45%) 1 (1%)

9

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Other

Geophysics

Geology

Biology

Figure 2: The distribution of registered projects in Svalbard in 2004 in the geographiczones. The map in Appendix 2 indicates the zone division.

Table 3. The number of registered projects in Ny-Ålesund for each main discipline.

Year Total Biology Geology Geophysics Others

1992 59 24 (41%) 4 (15%) 28 (47%) 11 (7%)

1993 38 20 (53%) 0 (0%) 18 (47%) 4 (4%)

1994 64 24 (38%) 1 (2%) 39 (61%) 6 (5%)

1995 58 19 (32%) 8 (13%) 31 (53%) 0 (0%)

1996 62 21 (34%) 5 (8%) 36 (58%) 0 (0%)

1997 60 24 (40%) 7 (12%) 29 (48%) 0 (0%)

1998 48 18 (38%) 1 (2%) 29 (60%) 0 (0%)

1999 58 23 (40%) 2 (5%) 32 (55%) 0 (0%)

2000 57 24 (42%) 3 (5%) 30 (53%) 0 (0%)

2001 39 12 (31%) 2 (5%) 25 (64%) 0 (0%)

2002 46 14 (30%) 3 (7%) 28 (61%) 1 (2%)

2003 56 21 (38%) 3 (5%) 30 (54%) 2 (3%)

2004 40 21 (53%) 1 (2%) 17 (43%) 1 (2%)

10

0

10

20

30

40

50

Barentsburg Hornsund Longyearbyen Ny-Ålesund Pyramiden Sveagruva

Other

Geophysics

Geology

Biology

Figure 3: The number of registered projects in each Svalbard settlement in 2004 for eachmain discipline.

Listing of project reports starts on next page

11

121042

Hopen

Longyearbyen

Ny-Ålesund

Barents Sea

Bates College, East Carolina University, University of Georgia, and State University ofNew York Stoneybrook USA.

Norwegian Research Council, US-Norway Cooperation programme

In Arctic marine ecosystems, primary production is partitioned between ice algae andphytoplankton. Reduced thickness and extent of sea ice associated with climatic shiftswill likely lead to changes in the relative proportions of these two components to totalprimary productivity. There are potentially significant implications of such changes tobenthic communities, which are totally dependent upon sedimenting organic matter fromthe overlying water column for their energetic requirements. To date it has been assumedthat because both ice algae and phytoplankton are dominated by taxonomically similarspecies (e.g. diatoms and flagellates), both sources of food are identical in quality.Several indirect observations challenge this assumption. However, the comparative rolesof ice algal- and phytoplankton-derived organic matter to the energetics of benthicspecies and communities has never been quantitatively addressed. We propose toinvestigate whether there are differences in the digestability of ice algae andphytoplankton-derived organic matter to Arctic benthos. We have designed a series ofship-board and land-based experiments to identify patterns of differential selection,absorption, and assimilation of ice algae and phytoplankton on whole benthiccommunities and selected dominant taxa, and we will carry out simultaneous, identicalexperiments in Svalbard and Alaska in order to assess whether results are region-specificor pan-Arctic in nature. This proposed project compliments and will derive synergisticbenefits from two funded projects: ARKTØK, funded by the Norwegian Research Councilin Norway, and a recently-funded NSF project in Kotzebue, Alaska.The principal objective of this project is to experimentally determine whether there aredifferences in the digestibility and nutritional quality of ice algae and phytoplankton-derived organic matter to Arctic benthic communities.

Previous fieldwork/cruises:12-26 May, RV Jan Mayen - Norskebanken, Fram Strait, Kongsfjorden10 Aug-6 Sept., RV Lance - Kongsfjorden, Norskebanken, Sofia Deep, Hinlopen Strait,Erik Eriskens Strait, Kvitøya, Polar Basin

Results under analysis

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Akvaplan-niva, Polar Environmental Center, Tromsø×²¬·¬«¬·±²

Norway, U.S.Ò¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

"Digestibility of ice algae and phytoplankton: The potential impactsof changing food supply to the arctic benthos"

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2002 to 2005Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Marine EcologyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

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12

121042

Project Leader

Participating Scientist


Field Leader

12480

12578

12579

12577

Akvaplan-niva,

State University of New York,

State of New York University,

Bates College,

Biology

Dr. Michael Carroll

Kelton McMahon

Glenn Lopez

Dr. William G. Ambrose

Tromsø, Norway

Stonybrook, USA

Stonybrook, USA

Maine, USA

13

121041

Olav V Land

Haakon VII Land

Ny-Friesland

Norwegian Polar Institute; Norwegian College of Fisheries SciencesBates College and East Carolina University, USA, Univ. Saskatchewan, Canada, StirlingUniv., UK, and Univ. of Tasmania, Australia

Norwegian Research Council, ARKTØK programme (now under NORDKLIMA)

The principal objective of this project is to determine the sensitivity of the Arctic marineecosystem of northeast Spitsbergen to changing climate via sea ice cover in this region.This will be accomplished through the following subgoals:

· Quantify the timing and magnitude of primary production and its dominant sources forthe northern Svalbard shelf· Trace the trophic fate of the primary production in areas of different zooplanktonpopulation distributions· Measure benthic biomass and community characteristics in the areas· Relate the changes of carbon available both in quantity and origin to variations in iceconditions· Determine food web trophic structure and response to climate variability using stableisotope and fatty acid profilesWe aim to test the hypothesis that changing ice conditions associated with differentclimatic regimes drives primary production on the northern Svalbard shelf throughdifferent carbon sources (ice algae vs. phytoplankton). We propose that such variation inthe dominant source pathways of primary production has concomitant effects to both thepelagic and benthic systems, as well as the trophic pathways by which they are coupled.We will carry out an extensive field campaign, combined with laboratory analyses to test aseries of working hypotheses related to the primary producers, zooplankton, and benthiccomponents. Our test region is the northern Barents Sea near northeast Spitsbergenwhere sea ice varies on small spatial and temporal scales. We will compare systemsinfluenced predominantly by different water masses, i.e. Atlantic water (warm scenario)vs. Arctic water (cold scenario) and we will assess temporal aspects by sampling indifferent seasons (i.e. spring vs. autumn) and in different years.Ultimately, this study aims to provide insight into the energetic pathways and trophicstructure of this ecosystem and its stability versus sensitivity in the face of predictedfuture climate changes.

Previous fieldwork/cruises:12-26 May, RV Jan Mayen - Norskebanken, Fram Strait, Kongsfjorden10 Aug-6 Sept., RV Lance - Kongsfjorden, Norskebanken, Sofia Deep, Hinlopen Strait,Erik Eriskens Strait, Kvitøya, Polar Basin

Results under analysis.

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Norway, U.S., Canada, Scotland, AustraliaÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

"On Thin Ice? Climatic Influence on Energy Flow and TrophicStructure in Arctic Marine Ecosystems"

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

14

121041

Project Leader

Field Leader

12480

12511

Akvaplan-niva,

University of Tromsø (UiT), Norges Fiskerihøgskole (NFH)

Austfonna

Hopen

Longyearbyen

Barents Sea

Biology

Dr. Michael Carroll

Dr. Else Nøst Hegseth

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

15

121049

Hopen

Longyearbyen

Ny-Ålesund

Barents Sea

University of Oslo, Norwegian Institute of Water Research, University of Tromsø, BatesCollege, East Carolina University, University of Georgia, and State University of New YorkStoneybrook USA, University of Tasmania, Australia

Norwegian Research Council, PROOF programme

This project will examine benthic processes in arctic and mid-latitude regions in order toderive specific conclusions on the sensitivity of benthic organisms and communities toacute spills of petroleum-related chemicals and routine releases of drill cuttings. We willcarry out a series of controlled experiments on whole sediment communities andindividual benthic organisms with additions of drill cuttings and petroleum-associatedcontaminants, arriving at a set of hypotheses on the likely impacts on the benthos ofpetroleum production activities at higher latitudes. A series of testable hypotheses will beformulated based on an examination of real-world monitoring data sets collected underNorway's Petroleum Regional Monitoring Programme and results of mesocosmexperiments performed previously at the Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA)Station at Solbergstrand. These data sets will be examined in order to identify thegeographic scope of responses to petroleum industrial activities. Through this work, weintend to propose procedures to improve the interpretation of benthic monitoring data fordiverse environmental regions in Norway. The project is linked to several on-going NFRprojects within the Polarklima programme. By involving a Ph.D. student the project willadvance the education and training of young scientists in the field of biological effectsstudies related to petroleum development and exploration activities.

Identify effects to benthos from routine releases of drill cuttings and acute spills ofpetroleum-associated chemicals in diverse regions of Norway.1. To develop hypotheses on impacts to the benthos from petroleum operations in higherlatitudes.2 To identify benthic community responses to routine discharges of drill cuttings and toevaluate effects on benthic organisms (organism- and cellular-level) from acute spills ofpetroleum-associated chemicals.3. To propose improvements to the interpretation of benthic monitoring data from dive

New project.

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Ü»½®·°¬·±²

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Norway, U.S.Ò¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Environmental effects of offshore oil activities: Experimental tests ofpetroleum-associated components on benthos at community,individual, and cellular levels (EXPAC)

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Biology

2004 to 2006Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

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16

121049

Project Leader

Field Leader

12586

12577

Akvaplan-niva,

Bates College,

Biology

Dr JoLynn Caroll

Dr. William G. Ambrose

Tromsø, Norway

Maine, USA

17

120952

Project Leader 12214

Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI),

Ny-Ålesund

University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina

Greenland cockles (Serripes groenlandicus) inhabit arctic soft bottoms. This cockle waschosen for detailed studies of one organism having presumably a dominant effect on softsediment succession. About 10 individuals will be sampled monthly over a year`s period.Since there is no scientific diving team available throughout the year bivalves will besampled, marked with the help of two parallel sanding discs fixed to a handhold electricdriller and released in stainless steel cages. In 2003 these cages were already installedunder the sediment surface in northern direction of the sheet piling of the harbour, at app.10-meter depth that they will not interfere with the docking ships. Cages were fixed to arope, which has been installed on the ground, turned around on a ground weight at thelower end of the sheet piling and fixed at the surface. Each month one cage will be liftedand cockles be frozen (-80°C) for further investigations (growth, reproductive cycle). Atthe laboratory in Bremerhaven, cockles will be measured to the lower mm and growthincrements calculated (e.g. Laudien et al 2003). These parameters will be used toestablish a von Bertalanffy growth function. Additionally acetate peels will be produced.The results will be needed for further investigations and age estimates from free livingcockles for future campaigns. The repro-ductive cycle of Serripes groenlandicus will beanalysed using histological methods.

During the campaign 2003 it was observed that Greenland cockles (Serripesgroenlandicus) were not as abundant in the study area (Kongsfjord) as in 2002. However,an area of higher abundances was found at an area between Forlandsundet andKvadehuken, where animals are planned to be collected for this project, if they did notrecover abundances found in 2002. The working group is experienced in the analysis ofpopulation dynamics of bivalves including age estimates and histologi-cal analyses(Laudien et al. 2001, Laudien 2002, Laudien et al. 2003).

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research,Bremerhaven

×²¬·¬«¬·±²

GermanyÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Description of parameters of the population dynamics of polarbivalve communities, first year: growth and reproductive cycle of thedominant Greenland cockles (Serripes groenlandicus)

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2003 to 2005Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Prof. Dr. Wolf Arntz

Bremerhaven, Germany

BenthologyÜ·½·°´·²»

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18

120952






Field Leader

12103

12279

12549

12550

12548

12206

Universidad de Córdoba,

Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Bremerhaven





Biology

Dr. Ricardo Sahade

Saskia Brandt

Nikolaus Probst

Neus Fernandez

Phillip Shubert

Juergen Laudien

Córdoba, Argentina






19

121016

Ny-Ålesund

University of Córdoba, Córdoba, ArgentinaInstituto de Ciencias del Mar-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain

The role of different food items of the arctic pelagic system in the diet of selectedsuspension feeders will be evaluated from in situ feeding experiments. Six transparentincubation chambers made from hemispherical pieces of acrylic glass and approximately1 litre in volume will be used. Selected suspension feeders like the cockle Serripesgroenlandicus or the octocoral Gersemia rubiformis will be collected about one week priorto the experiments and acclimated. At the beginning of each experiment individual testanimals will be fixed on the base of each experimental chamber. The be-haviour of theincubated specimens will be monitored with an underwater video device before andduring the experi-ment, confirming that the animals are actively filtering. During theacclimatisation period the outlet pipe of the incuba-tion chambers will not be connected tothe pump (open flow conditions). Thereafter three replicated initial water sam-ples will betaken from the outlet of each chamber. Then the outlet pipe will be connected to the inletof the pump pro-viding a recirculation of experimental water until the final water sampleswill be taken.

The time required to detect changes in the concentration of food sources will bedetermined by examining the Chloro-phyll a concentration within chambers with andwithout test animals over a period of 3 hours at 30 minutes intervals. Capture rates of thetested animals will be calculated using the variation in the concentration levels of bacteria,nan-oflagellates, ciliates, dinoflafellates, diatoms, Chorophyll a and total particulateorganic carbon/nitrogen as well as nutrients in the water samples in Bremerhaven.The role of zooplankton as prey of passive suspension feeders has been demonstrated inmany temperate and tropical regions (Sebens et al. 1996), but the value of trophically richprey as is the zooplankton to cover the food demand of benthic suspension feeders is asubject not yet well studied.

The working group is experienced in carrying out this kind of in situ experiments ascomparable studies with clams and corrals were conducted in co-operation in 2003 inSpain. The techniques to analyze the quantity of food items are well established at theAWI (chlorophyll a, Phytoplankton counts, PON and POC analyses) and the ICM(analyses for chlo-rophyll a, nutrients, flowcytometrie). Furthermore the working grouphas published several studies on the feeding biol-ogy of filer-feeders in co-operation (e.g.,Gili et al. 1998, Orejas et al. 2001, 2003, Laudien et al. in prep., Laudien and Gili in prep.).Additionally, several ecological studies were recently carried out in Kongsfjord andpublications are sub-mitted (Laudien et al. submitted., Herrmann in prep., Sahade et al.submitted). During the campaign 2003 it was ob-served that Greenland cockles (Serripesgroenlandicus) can be found within Kongsfjord. The octocorals Gersemia rubi-formis canbe found in satisfactory abundances near Hansneset.

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Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI)×²¬·¬«¬·±²

GermanÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Food in the Arctic pelagic system, its role in the diet of filter feeders,and fertilisation by exu-dates: an experiment in situ

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

20

121016

Project Leader






Field Leader

12214

12103

12279

12549

12550

12548

12206








Biology


Dr. Ricardo Sahade

Saskia Brandt

Nikolaus Probst

Neus Fernandez

Phillip Shubert

Juergen Laudien


Córdoba, Argentina






Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

21

121017

University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina

Hard bottom succession panels (HBSP) at Kongsfordneset and soft bottom successioncontainers (SBSC) at Brandal installed in 2002 and recovered 2003 will again be sampledduring 2004. Photos of all 40 HBSP will be taken with a macro-lens in order to documentthe recolonisation over time. As already in 2003 five original panels will be removed fromthe installed adapters and replaced by new panels. Furthermore five of the 2003 replacedpanels will also be re-placed again in order to study annual differences in primarysuccession. Settled organisms will be removed in the labora-tory and fixed for lateridentification. Biomass will be estimated from a subsample in Bremerhaven, thereafterash free dry mass will be estimated.After the development and establishment of this new and improved method for theanalysis of succession and coloniza-tion patterns, focus will also be laid to obtaincomparable results. Thus a parallel set-up using traditional plates (15 x 15 cm) andfixations will be installed at Kongsfjordneset, In turn this will allow valid comparisonsbetween results obtained using the new method and the traditional one and thereforeopen the way for the extensive use of the new set up in other areas.

The ten natural areas of hard bottom cleaned and marked in 2003 will again bephotographed and the succession be monitored by image analyses in Bremerhaven. Thehard bottom succession will be followed during the next years. This year we will mark 10additional natural (uncleaned) surfaces in the same way with anchor screws. For thislong-term observation 10 additional small holes in the bedrock will be needed.Macrophotos of the surfaces of the 27 installed SBSC will be taken by SCUBA divers.Like in 2003 five SBSCs will be sampled by an underwater airlift system and speciescomposition analysed in the laboratory thereafter. Again individuals will be counted,measured, weighted and thereafter ashed in order to calculate ash free dry mass. TheBenthonit/sand mixture

In 2002 41 succession panels were installed at Kongsfjordneset at a depth of 20 metres.During the campaign 2003 the panels were successfully recovered and sampled.Although a huge effort has been undertaken over the last 15 years this project (KOP 51)was the first successful attempt to recover succession panels in the arctic environment!Five panels were sampled and replaced by new ones. At the moment the identification ofthe fauna is being carried out showing that hydrozoans, bryozoans and barnacles are thefirst colonizing taxa. Furthermore during 2001 and 2002 photo transects were undertakento describe the natural fauna, two publications are submitted and oral presentations at theCongreso Argentino de Ciencias del Mar in Mar del Plata were given.Additionally 27 Terracotta containers filled with a Benthonit/sand mixture were installed insoft sediments at Brandal (18 metres depth) in 2002. Again this project was successful asall the containers could be recovered in 2003 and five of them sampled as planned.Animals were fixed and the majority has been identified. Additionally we sampled thenatural fauna inhabiting the research area with the same method. This comparison iscurrently undertaken as a diploma thesis.

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Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI)×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Succession of benthic communities in polar environments: Benthicresilience in polar environments: a comparison

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼


22

121017

Project Leader






Field Leader

12214

12103

12279

12548

12550

12459

12206






University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Biological Sciences


Ny-Ålesund

Biology


Dr. Ricardo Sahade

Saskia Brandt

Phillip Shubert

Neus Fernandez

BSc Marek Stibal

Juergen Laudien


Córdoba, Argentina




, Czech Republic


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

23

121003

Ny-Ålesund

Institute for Polar Ecology, University of Kiel, GermanyGSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, GermanyMonash University, Melbourne, AustraliaDalhousie University, Halifax, Canada

Our studies are divided in four parts:1. We will measure the UV raqdiation regime both at the surface and underwater.2. The study will conducted to describe the UVR susceptibility of zoospores of brownalgae in relation to their depth distribution. Arctic species might be particularly affecteddue to the ozone losses over the Arctic and the related increase in UVBR levels. We willdescribe the protective potential of these propagules by the formation of phlorotannincontaining physodes during and after an exposure to artificial UVR in the laboratory.Additionally, we will conduct studies on the performance of spores in the field3. The effect of enhanced ultraviolet radiation on gene expression is studied in differentmacroalgal species, the two brown algae Laminaria saccharina and Laminaria digitataand the green algae Monostroma arcticum and Acrosiphonia arcta. The algal material willbe colleceted by divers from different depths and will then be exposed to UV-radiation ofvarious intensities and spectral properties in the laboratory and in the field. The mainemphasis is to assess effects of naturally occuring UV-levels on gene expression ofvarious macroalgae and to correlate these results to growth rate measurements.Additional experiments with artificial UV-radiation in the lab are also planned to supportthe field-data with measuremnts at well defined conditions.4. The succession of benthic primary producers in the upper sublittoral will beinvestigated under four different light regimes (PAR, PAR+UVA, PAR+UVA+UVB, fullsunlight) along the shoreline of Kongsfjorden. The aim of the project is the estimation ofearly, mid- and long-term effects of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the succession ofbenthic macroalgae communities. Moreover, the physiological and molecularbiologicalproperties of characteristic species of the succession process will be analysed under theaspect of UV-resistance/UV-sensitivity. The study comprises in situ measurements ofphotosyn

So far we have focussed mainly on the physiological effects of UV radiation on marinemacroalgae from Kongsfjorden. But little is known on UV effects on the molecular effects,especially on gene expression, on the effects on reproduction and on the effects oncommunities. This gap will be filled by our studies described above.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI),Bremerhaven, Germany

×²¬·¬«¬·±²


UV effects on marine macroalgaeÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

1995 to 2010Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Marine BotanyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

24

121003

Project Leader

Field Leader

10102

10102



Biology

Prof. Christian Wiencke

Prof. Christian Wiencke



25

121053

Project Leader



12439

12440

12588

University of Gröningen, Animal Ecology CEES


University of Groningen, Animal Ecology CEES

Ny-Ålesund

Arctic Centre, University of Groningen; Unis, Norway; CNRS - CEPE, France

Adoption in geese - does caring for non-genetic offspring make sense? In geese adoptionis a common phenomenon. Upto 25% of the goslings is not raised by their geneticparents. Earlier studies indicate that increasing their family size might benefit the parentsas well as their genetic kids. On the other hand , adoption might be a strategy by theadopted gosling to obtain better parental care and thus better chances for survival. Bymarking goslings with tape flags and webtags at hatch, adoption can be studied in thefield. Around hatching time, daily nest checks will be carried out and goslings marked,while at the same time 24 hour observations of family composition will be carried out fromfixed hides in the breeding colony and on the grazing areas.

Adoption in barnacle geese was studied in the Kongsfjorden area in 2003 byobservational as well as experimental approach. Due to time limitations and highpredation pressure by arctic foxes, the observational data contains very few resightings ofgoose families with goslings. However, the few adoptions we did observe indicateinteresting patterns about the identity of goose pairs which loose goslings to otherfamilies. The study in 2004 is aiming to increase this data set and make a thoroughstatistical analysis possible.The results from the experimental part of the 2003 study on adoption also yielded someinteresting data, which indicates that goslings might in fact choose families they approachfor adoption. This data is currently being prepared for submission for puplication. Further,two master projects at the University of Groningen are being finished at the moment onthe experimental and observational parts of the study in 2003.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Animal Ecology Group, University of Groningen, P.O.Box 14, 9750 AAHaren, The Netherlands (field work)

×²¬·¬«¬·±²

NetherlandÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Adoption in Geese - an adaptive strategy?Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2003 to 2005Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Ellen Kalmbach

Student Maaike Versteegh

Student Marjan Bos

Haren, The Netherlands


Haren, Netherland

BiologyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

26

121053




Field Leader

12590

12591

12589

12439

UNIS,

UNIS,

University of Groningen, Animal Ecology CEES


Biology

Student Thea Bechsøft

Student Irina Andrea Muller

Student Reinout Havinga

Dr. Ellen Kalmbach

Longyearbyen, Norway


Haren, Netherland


27

120947

Norwegian Polar Institute, Norway, Wildfowl and wetlands Trust, Slimbridge, University ofBirmingham, UKNERC-Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Banchory, UK, University of Tromsø, Norway

Netherlands Arctic Program

The population of Barnacle Geese in Kongsfjorden has been followed in detail, withringing, measuring and observing individual geese since 1990. The populationdevelopment is largely affected by the fluctuating presence of Arctic Foxes. Individualstrategies of geese are examined and experimentally manipulated to determine their pay-offs in fitness. Population census are made in close cooperation with G. Gabrielsen ofNPI.Digestive constraints during growth in barnacle goose goslings. Geese have a relativelysimple digestive tract. They utilize almost none of the cell walls in their food leaving mostof the energy in their faeces (which are eaten by reindeer). In 6 weeks time, goslings growfrom 70 grammes at hatch to nearly 1500 grammes at fledging and their intestines aregoing through a similar size development. Consequently their digestion must improve.Families are usually feeding on the tundra while non-breeders feed on moss. Tis dietdifference is related to the digestive efficiency of goslings. By collecting faeces ofindividual goslings at different ages, we study diet selection and gosling size in moredetail. This study is in cooperation with I. Jonnsdottir of UNIS.Has goose grazing led to changes in the environment? We plan to collect data onvegetation change, goose utilization and goose diet and breeding birds over the lastdecade. Preliminary comparison of photo's from 10 years ago, show a large difference invegetation structure. Much of these changes have been attributed to reindeer grazing. Wehope to show the effect of goose grazing and want to do experiments on the reversibilityof these changes using exclosures. This study is in close cooperation with F. Mehlum.Adoption in geese is studied through intensified observations of visually marked wildgoslings in cooperation with E. Kalmbach.

The barnacle goose population in Kongsfjorden is studied in detail, with annual catching,ringing and measuring and observation of individual geese since 1990. The localpopulation established in 1982 and went through a rapid period of growth until 1993.Since then, the population stabilizes on a total number of adults between 700 to 1200individuals. Polar fox predation varies between years. In years with foxes, survival ofgoslings is low, but also the surviving goslings are driven in heavily grazed safe areas,grow slowly and starve. With foxes, the population would stabilize around 700 adults. Inyears without foxes, more area of tundra is available and carrying capacity would bereached with 1200 adults. Individual geese are under severe intraspecific competition.Only few individuals are able to raise goslings which become breeding birds in later years.These dominant geese rely on subordinate flock members for finding the best foodpatches. The vegetation is changing under the heavy grazing pressure. This process isstudied with exclosures and small scale vegetation manipulations.Stahl, J., P. Tolsma, M.J.J.E. Loonen & R.H. Drent (2000) Subordinates explore but

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Arctic Centre, University of Groningen, P.O.Box 716, 9700 ASGroningen, The Netherlands (field work)

×²¬·¬«¬·±²

The NetherlandsÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Goose breeding ecology: overcoming successive hurdles to raisegoslings

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2003 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼


28

120947

Project Leader





Field Leader

1154

12439

12626

12628

12627

1154

University of Gröningen, Department of Biology, Zoological Laboratory


University of Gröningen, Arctic Centre




Ny-Ålesund

Biology

Prof. Maarten Loonen

Dr. Ellen Kalmbach

Mr Daan Vreugdenhil

Dr. Dries Kuijper

Mr Annen Arjen


AA Haren, The Netherlands


Gröningen, The Netherlands




Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

29

120946

Nordenskiöld Land

The University Centre on Svalbard, Longyearbyen, Norway; University of Tromsø,Tromsø, NorwayUniversity of Aberdeen, Plant and Soil Science, Aberdeen, UKNERC-Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Banchory, UK

FRAGILE: Fragility of arctic goose habitat: impacts of land use, conservation andelevated temperatures

Both large numbers of arctic breeding geese and climate change have the potential ofchanging and even destroying the arctic ecosystem. The program FRAGILE, funded bythge European Union, will explore the potential for these devastating effects in theEuropean arctic, especially Spitsbergen. In an experimental way, we hope to identify thetundra ecosystem processes which are most vulnerable to the combined drivers of highgoose grazing pressure and climatic warming. Plots of arctic tundra vegetation (laid out inAdventdalen) will be grazed by captive geese in various intensity. In a full factorial designalso global warming is simulated using open top chambers. The effects of thesetreatments will be studied in detail, focussing on ecosystem carbon balance, nutrientcycling, community structure (plants and microbes) en ecosystem stability. An experimentlocated in Ny-Ålesund will focus on the effect of increased amount of goose droppings onthe biomass of primary producers and the knock-on effects throughout the aquatic foodweb. A field survey at Nordenskioldkysten hopes to correlate aquatic parameters withgoose presence. With our experiments, we determine thresholds for arctic tundraecosystem degradation. The entire project FRAGILE also involves the modelling of goosenumbers based on habitat availability over the entire flyway and goose energetics forperforming the whole annual cycle. In combination with the tundra and lake experiments amodel will be constructed to predict carrying capacity of Svalbard tundra for geese andpotential effects of likely future goose populations. 2004 is the second out of three fieldseasons.

In the summer of 2002, we have selected a study site in Adventdalen. Experimental plotswere staked out in both a wet and a dry vegetation type. In 2003, we used four geesecaught in Ny-Ålesund for grazing the vegetation plots. Treatments differed in grazingpressure and temperature enhancement. Responses were measured in terms of carbonbalance, nitrogen balance and phenology of plants. Most changes were observed in thewet habitat. Preferred food plants are depleted. Goose grazing decreases the capacity ofthe tundra to act as a carbon sink. Temperature enhancement causes a small positiveeffect on the amount of carbon incorporated in the tundra.Extra studies are initiated on the following items: a. the effect of moisture on elementcycles, b. the effect of grubbing by geese in early spring on vegetation recovery, c. theeffect of various forms of phosphate on the vegetation d. a comparison of goslingperformance with adult goose performance e. trampling effects on vegetation.For up-to-date information we refer to our website: http://www.fragile-eu.net

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Arctic Centre, University of Groningen, P.O.Box 716, 9700 ASGroningen, The Netherlands (field work)

×²¬·¬«¬·±²

European (Dutch, British, Norwegian)Ò¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Combined effects of goose grazing and climatic warming onvulnerable tundra ecosystems

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2003 to 2005Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼


30

120946

Project Leader










1154

1154

1258

10135

12385

12434

12436

12628

12437

12435



University of Tromsø (UiT), Department of Biology

Aberdeen University, Department of Plant and Soil Science

University Centre on Svalbard (UNIS), Department of Biology


NIOO-CL,


NIOO-CL,

NIOO-CEMO,

Ny-Ålesund

Biology



Førsteam. Bjørn Solheim

Dr. Sarah Woodin

Prof. Ingibjörg S Jónsdóttir

Dr. Richard Ubels

Prof. Dr. Ellen Van Donk

Dr. Dries Kuijper

Dr. Gerben Van Geest

Dr. Ad Huiskes



Tromsø, Norway

Aberdeen, United Kingdom



Nieuwersluis, The Netherlands


Nieuwersluis, The Netherlands

Yerseke, The Netherlands

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

31

120946




Field Leader

12433

11941

11500

11596

University of Aberdeen, Plant and Soil Science

Centre for Ecology and Hydrology,

University of Oslo (UiO), Institute of Biology

UNIS,

Biology

Dr. Sofie Sjögersten Turner

Dr. René van der Wal

Prof. Dag Hessen

Dr. Elisabeth Cooper

Aberdeen, United Kingdom

Banchory, United Kingdom

Oslo, Norway


32

121026

Norwegian Polar Institut, Tromsø, Norway (Dr. Geir . W. Gabrielsen).

A co-operative project between France and Norway is proposed to study the physiologicalmechanisms (hormones and metabolic rate) involved in the regulation of parental effort(brood size) in an Arctic-breeding seabird, the kittiwake Rissa tridactyla. This project willbe carried out at Kongsfjorden (Ny Ålesund, Svalbard) which constitutes one thenorthernmost (79° N) breeding site of the species. The main goal of this project is tounderstand the reasons of the very poor productivity of the species in this high-arctic area(only one chick/pair/year compared to 2-3 chicks/ pair/year in more temperate areas). Todo so, we will concurrently study the metabolic cost of chick rearing and the metaboliccost of foraging. To test whether parent kittiwakes are apparently unable to rear morethan one chick, we will manipulate brood size and will measure its consequences onbasal metabolic rate (BMR) and foraging activity. We will experimentally manipulate thebrood size by swapping chicks between nests shortly after hatching. Parent birds of thedifferent experimental groups will be captured, weighted and a small blood sample (500µL) will be taken for thyroid hormones. BMR will be estimated through thyroïd hormones(Chastel et al. 2003, J. Avian Biol. 34: 298-306), a method that reduces handling timeimposed by the use of a respirometer, whereas activity at sea will be estimated usingminiature activity recorders (Daunt et al., 2002 Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.245 : 239-247,Tremblay et al. 2003, J. Exp. Biol. 206: 1929-1940). Nests of the different groups (12nests with 2 chicks and 12 nest with 1 chick) will be observed during 2 weeks after whatparent birds will be recaptured, and bled again for T3 assay. On an other group of birds(N=10), we will calibrate these miniature activity recorders (N=10, weight:5 g) byobserving the activities (rest, brooding, flying, etc..) of the instrumented birds in thecolony. Food samples (N=12) will be collected from parent birds during capture

We have previously shown that in kittiwakes rearing chicks, they was a significantdecrease in basal metabolic rate. This decrease in basal metabolic rate might be adaptiveand may allow the adults to diminish their maintenance costs and increase workload(FMR) to provision the chicks. Our hypothesis is that the ability of kittiwakes to increaseits FMR during foraging is constrained by the need for the BMR to decrease. Feeding anextra chick would lead to an increase of the level of activity at sea. Accordingly, this mayimpose a further reduction in BMR which may set the physiological limit regulating broodsize in this arctic-breeding kittiwake population. Because an increase in workloadimposed by the rearing of an extra-chick has to be balanced by food intake, we will alsostudy the energy content of the food brought back to the chicks by collecting mealsthroughout the chick-rearing period. Studies conducted on the energetic of breedingkittiwakes have shown that there was a strong repeatability of basal metabolic rate (BMR)within individuals (Bech et al, 1999 Proceeding Royal Society 266: 2161-2167). Thissuggests that some individuals have consistently higher levels of energy expenditure thanothers and raises the question of the fitness consequences of having a low or high BMR.We have shown in house sparrow Passer domesticus that individuals with a high BMR,laid their eggs early in the season and, as a consequence, achieved a greater annualreproductive success (Chastel et al. 2003, J. Avian Biol. 34: 298-306). Th is programm onarctic-breeding kittiwakes would allow measurement of the influence of individual variation

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

CEBC / CNRS×²¬·¬«¬·±²

FrenchÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Metabolic and hormonal correlates of reproductive effort in thekittiwake

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

EcologyÜ·½·°´·²»

33

121026

Project Leader



Field Leader

11962

12192

12562

11962

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre D'Etude Biologiques deChizé (CEBC)


CEBC/CNRS,


Ny-Ålesund

Biology

Dr. Olivier Chastel

Frederic Angelier

Celine Clement

Dr. Olivier Chastel

Villiers en Bois, France

Villier en Bois, France



Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

34

121029

Norwegian Polar Institute

Ecological and physiological adaptations of incubating birds during long-term fasting

The aim of this programme was to study the physiological and behavioural adaptations tothe incubation fast in the female eider. This leads to study fundamental questions aboutthree complementary field researches described below.General programme:1. Evolutionary and ecological approaches: energetic costs of reproduction duringincubationIn long-lived birds as Eider, there must be trade-offs between the energy allocated ingrowth and in reproduction. Therefore, individuals develop different reproductivestrategies in relation with biotic and non biotic factors to maximize their fitness. Amongfactors tested, we will first measure the effects of animal density on female reproductivesuccess. Additionally, we will measure, thanks to genetic tests, the frequency of intra-specific nest parasitism and extra-pair copulations to link these events with femalebehavioural decisions. To link reproductive effort with female immunocompetence, we willthen perform PHA (phytohaemagglutinine) skin tests at different stages of the incubationperiod. Finally, we will perform clutch reductions at different stages of the incubationperiod in order to highlight decision rules controlling nest desertion in females.2. Physiological and ecological approaches: parental investment in reproductionIn a first experiment, we will focus on the implication of prolactin and corticosterone in thecontrol of parental decision at the hatching stage. Implantation of exogenous hormoneswill be done on nesting birds to evaluate the respective role of these two hormones in thecontrol of parental decisions in eiders.Parental investment in incubation can be regulated by the reproductive value of the clutchsize. To further understand the mechanism underlying nest desertion, we will measurethe induced-changes in prolactin and corticosterone concentrations after clutch sizemanipulation overall the incubating period.3. Physiological approach: regulation of body fuel utilization during fastingThe

During the first five campaigns of this project carried out in Ny-Ålesund, we determinedsome important characteristics of the biology of incubating female eiders (sleep timeevolution, recess behaviour, nest attendance, stress response, plasmatic concentrationsof hormones and metabolites, reaction following human disturbance). After this generaldescription of the ecophysiology of eiders, we described the prolactin changes related toan artificial prolongation of incubation and characterized a refeeding behaviour.Common Eider females seemed to adopt new incubation behaviour when facing anexperimentally extended incubation period. Relating to the sequential mobilisation of itsbody reserves, this shift in behaviour can be associated to the achieved low threshold ofthe amount of body lipids.During the last year, our principal aim was to determine (i) the behaviour of the femalewhen taking a recess at sea (is it eating?), (ii) the evolution of plasma prolactin levelduring extended incubation, (iii) the effect of corticosterone and prolactin chronic injectionon bird behaviour, (iiii) which factor(s) induce(s) the final nest desertion.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Centre d'Ecologie et Physiologie Energetiques / CNRS / France (YvonLe Maho)

×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Incubation behaviour and energetic strategy during reproduction inlong-lived birds : Ecological and physiological aspects

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

EcophysiologyÜ·½·°´·²»

35

121029

Project Leader



Field Leader

12224

12503

12566

12224

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Ecologie et dePhysiologie Energetiques (CEPE)

CNRS, Centre d'Ecologie et Physiologie Energetiques

CEPE/CNRS,

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Ecologie et dePhysiologie Energetiques (CEPE)

Ny-Ålesund

Biology

Dr. Thierry Raclot

PhD Stud. Sophie Bourgeon

Master Student Luc Guillaume

Dr. Thierry Raclot

Strasbourg Cedex 2, France




Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

36

120703

Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar andd Marine Research, Bremerhaven, GermanyHumboldt University Berlin, Berlin, GermanyProf. Dr. C. Lütz, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Austria

KOL 07, long time programme of the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and MarineResearch (AWI), Bremerhaven (Germany) within the German DFG programme "AntarcticResearch with Comparative Studies in A

This project is a part of a long-time study of the taxonomy, physiology and ecology ofArctic snow algae in Spitzbergen. The main topics are:(i) mapping and characterization of snow algae fields and sampling of snow algae for theestablishment of clonal laboratory cultures for further in vitro studies (the use of snowalgae as a bioressource for biotechnological applications such as cold-active enzymesetc.)(ii) taxonomic and physiological characterization of snow algal strains/species(iii) extension of our algal culture collection CCCryo (Culture Collection of CryophilicAlgae)(iv) genetic sequencing of different strains, comparison with strains held in other culturecollections (CCAP, UTEX, SAG) and other private snow algal collections (Dr. H.U. Ling,Australia; Dr. R. Hoham, U.S.A.).

In our recent work we have been conducting:(i) cryomicroscopic studies to access the possible production of natural antifreezeproteins / substances in selected snow algal strains(ii) differential transcriptome studies on proteome and RNA level (cDNA fingerprinting)

Literature:

Müller, T., Bleiß, W., Martin, C.-D., Rogaschewski, S. & Fuhr, G. (1998): Snow algae fromnorthwest Svalbard: their identification, distribution, pigment and nutrient content. - PolarBiology 20, 14-32.Müller, T., Schnelle, T. & Fuhr, G. (1998): Dielectric single cell spectra in snow algae. -Polar Biology 20, 303-310.Reichle, C., Schnelle, T., Müller, T., Leya, T. & Fuhr, G. (2000): A new microsystem forautomated electrorotation measurements using laser tweezers. - Biochimica etBiophysica Acta 1459, 218-229.Leya, T. (2001): Eiskalt durch roten Schnee - Auf historischen Spuren durch den SchneeSpitzbergens. - In: Mikroskopie - Olympus Magazin für Mikroskopie, Mikrofotografie undSysteme, Hamburg. 27-32.Leya, T., Müller, T., Ling, H.U. & Fuhr, G. (2001): Psychrophilic microalgae from north-west Spitsbergen, Svalbard: their taxonomy, ecology and preliminary studies of their coldadaptation using single cell electrorotation. - Nova Hedwigia, Beiheft 123, 551-570.Müller, T., Leya, T. & Fuhr, G. (2001): Persistent snow algal fields in Spitsbergen: field

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering (IBMT), BranchMedical Biotechnology, Extremo-

×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Snow Algae in Svalbard (KOL 07)Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2004 to 2005Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Biology and EcologyÜ·½·°´·²»

37

120703

Project Leader




Field Leader

10070

10073

11580

12301

10070

Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering (IBMT), Branch Medical Biotechnology,Extremophil, Institute of Biology and Membranephysiology

Humboldt University of Berlin, Institute of Biology

Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering (IBMT), Branch Medical Biotechnology,Extremo-phil,

Imperial College, Dept. of chemistry

Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering (IBMT), Branch Medical Biotechnology,Extremophil, Institute of Biology and Membranephysiology

Prins Karls Forland

Haakon VII Land

Andrée Land

Ny-Friesland

Gustav V Land

Ny-Ålesund

Biology

Prof.Dr Günter Fuhr

Dr. Torsten Müller

Dipl. Biol. Thomas Leya

Prof. Andreas Manz

Prof.Dr Günter Fuhr

Berlin, Germany

Berlin, Germany

Berlin, Germany

London, United Kingdom

Berlin, Germany

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

38

121018

Project Leader


10621

12551

University of Oslo (UiO), Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries Laboratory (LFI),Natural history Museum & Botanical Garden

University of Innsbruck,, Institute of Zoology & Limnology

Ny-Ålesund

Museum of Natural Sciences, Trento, Italy; University of Innsbruck, Austria; University ofBirmingham, UK, University of Iceland; University of Geneva, Switzerland; NorwegianWater Resources & Energy Directorate(NVE)

Undertake studies of benthos in Bayelva and Ny LondonCollect material for studies of stable isotopes in Svalbard freshwater systems in thevicinity of Ny Ålesund

Freshwater invertebrate drift samples collected during 2003 have been sorted and are atpresent being analysed. Publication is planned at the Limnology Congress in Finlandduring August 2004. Earlier publications include:Brittain, J.E. & Milner, A.M. 2001. Ecology of glacier-fed rivers: current status andconcepts. Freshwater Biology 46: 1571-1578.Castella, E., Adalstinsson, H., Brittain, J.E., Gislason, G.M., Lehmann, A., Lencioni, V.,Lods-Crozet, B., Maiolini, B., Milner, A.M., Olafsson, J.S., Saltveit, S.J. & Snook, D.L.2001. Macobenthic invertebrate richness and composition along a latitudinal gradient ofEuropean glacier-fed streams. Freshwater Biology 46: 1811-1831.Lods-Crozet, B., Lencioni, V., Olafsson, J., Snook, D., Velle, G., Brittain, J.E., Castella, E.& Rossaro, B. 2001. Chironomid (Diptera: Chironomidae) communities in six Europeanglacier-fed streams. Freshwater Biology 46: 1791-1809.Milner, A.M., Brittain, J.E., Castella, E. & Petts, G.E. 2001. Trends of macroinvertebratecommunity structure in glacier-fed rivers in relation to environmental conditions: asynthesis. Freshwater Biology 46: 1833-1847.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Freshwater Ecology & Inland Fisheries Laboratory (LFI), NaturalHistory Museums & Botanical Garden, University of Oslo, P.O. Box1172 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway.

×²¬·¬«¬·±²

MultinationalÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Arctic and Alpine Stream Ecosystem Research (AASER)Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Prof. John Brittain

Dr. Leopold Fureder

Oslo, Norway

Innsbruck, Austria

Freshwater EcologyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

39

121018

Field Leader 10621

University of Oslo (UiO), Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries Laboratory (LFI),Natural history Museum & Botanical Garden

Biology

Prof. John Brittain

Oslo, Norway

40

121047


UMR INRA/Agrocampus Rennes,

Nordenskiöld Land

Oscar II Land

Longyearbyen

Ny-Ålesund

Barentsburg

In a context of global change, arctic ecosystems are exposed to deep modifications notonly of the biology and ecology of endemic species but also of the interactions they mayhave with an increasing number of introduced species. This project attempts to assess inSvalbard, the impacts of global changes on aphids. These phytophagous insects areparticularly relevant organisms for studies on the effects of global warming and biologicalinvasion because 1) of their extreme sensitivity to micro- and macro- changes due to theirspectacular rate of increase and phenotypic plasticity and 2) of their colonizing capacityconferred by their parthenogenetic mode of reproduction and their dispersal potential. Theobjectives for the annual programme are three folds: 1) to have a first assessment of theenvironmental factors that influence the most aphid population biology in Svalbard, 2) toprecise on site with our French and Norwegian colleagues specialized on plant ecology inSvalbard a joint programme on plant-aphid interactions and 3) to initiate in the field the 3years work programme.The field work includes:1) Composition of aphid species in Svalbard : prospecting and identification2) Habitat characterization of aphid species and colonization rate3) Assessment of the relative importance of endemic and introduced species : elaborationof a sampling design for a temporal survey of aphid population dynamics over the wholegrowing season during the next two years4) First approach of population genetic structure of the endemic species Acyrthosiphonsvalbardicum : several populations will be collected in geographically distant sites andgenotyped in the lab. Between population differentiation and inbreeding coefficient will beassessed based on population structure analyses.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique et Institut Polaire PaulEmile Victor

×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Biology and ecology of aphid populations in arctic environment:relationships between endemic and introduced species, adaptivestrategies and population genetic structure

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2004 to 2006Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Hullè Maurice

Cedex, France

Population BiologyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

41

121047



Field Leader

12582

12583

12581


IPEV (Institut Paul Emile Victor), Technopôle Brest-Iroise


Biology

Dr. Simon Jean-Christophe

Dr Mellet Martin

Dr. Hullè Maurice

Cedex, France

Plouzané, rance

Cedex, France

42

121021

Project Leader



Field Leader

10346

12553

12554

10346

Institute for Polar Ecology, University of Kiel,

Institute for Polar Ecology,

Institute for Polar Ecology,

Institute for Polar Ecology, University of Kiel,

Ny-Ålesund

Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany

The project focus is on photosynthetic responses of Arctic macroalgae to changing abioticconditions. Key species along the shoreline of Kongsfjorden will be studied for thecombined effects of increased ultraviolet radiation and seawater temperature, accordingto scenarios of climate change. The addressed changes in physico-chemical conditionswill exert hitherto unknown effects on macroalgal physiology. We will compare responsesof specimens collected along depth gradients, by exposing them in temperature controlledmesocosm systems, shielded with filter foils or additionally equipped with UV-fluorescenttubes. We will conduct in situ-measurements of photosynthetic performance andconserve algae for later physiological analysis in the laboratory. These surveys willinclude changes in pigment composition including the regulatory xanthophyll cycle, as animportant protection system in the response to high light stress, induction of stress (heatshock) proteins, DNA damage and the generation of reactive oxygen species. Results willallow new insights in the reaction of species physiology upon environmental changes. Incombination with datasets from physical oceanography it will be possible to drawconclusions on the development of macroalgal communities in response to climatechange.

New project. Starting 2004.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Institute for Polar Ecology, University of Kiel, Germany×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Physiological accclimation of Arctic macroalgae along verticalstress gradients

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Prof. Dr. Kai Bischof

Jana Fredersdorf

Bettina Walter

Prof. Dr. Kai Bischof

Kiel, Germany

Kiel, Germany

Kiel, Germany

Kiel, Germany

Marine BotanyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

43

121014

Project Leader



Field Leader

10233

10452

12547

12546

Institute of Oceanology,, PAS,, Department of Polar and Marine Research, Institute ofOceanology, Arctic Ecology Group

Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS), Institute of Oceanology, Arctic Ecology Group

Institute of Oceanology, PAS,

Institute of Oceanology, PAS

Polish Polar Station in Horsund, Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences,Poland

MARBENA , MARBEF

FIRST OF ALL THE PROJECT WILL TRY TO DESCRIBE ALL THE BIODIVERSITY INTHE HORSUND FJORDIC SYSTEM. THE PROJECT IS BASED ON THE HISTORICALDATA AND DATA COLLECTED DURING THE SUMMER EXPEDITION IN 2003. 2004.THE FIELD WORK IN 2003 WILL TRY TO COVER THE BIG GAPS IN OURBIDIVERSITY KNOWLEDGE ABOUT CONCERNED FJORD.

Part of the information is already available at www.iopan.gda.pl/projects/biodaff

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sopot, Poland×²¬·¬«¬·±²

PolishÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Inventory of the Horsund fjord marine fauna and floraÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2002 to 2006Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Prof. Dr. Jan Marcin Weslawski

PhD Marek Zajaczkowski

PhD Piotr Kuklinski

PhD. Maria Wlodarska - Kowalczuk

Sopot, Poland

Sopot, Poland

Sopot, Poland

Sopot, Poland


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

44

121013

Project Leader

Field Leader

12544

12544

Martin-Luther-University, Halle,, Institute of Plantphysiology,

Martin-Luther-University, Halle,, Institute of Plantphysiology,

Oscar II Land

Ny-Ålesund

AWI-Bremerhaven, Environment Canada, Burlington, Ontario

Plankton of shallow polar freshwater water bodies is exposed to increasing levels ofultraviolet radiation (UVR) due to the limited water depth. Daphnia (Crustacea, waterflea)and algae are common representatives of the food chain in these water bodies. Daphniaalmost exclusively use lipids for energy storage, which they obtain from their food (mainlyalgae). Therefore, Daphnia and algae are closely linked to each other. Preliminaryexperiments on the UV-induced damage in phyto- and zooplankton point to lipids as oneof the key players. With this application we want to identify how algae specific lipids andfatty acids (FA) are modified by UVR. The factors modifying UV-doses to the animals andtheir food are depth of the waterbody and DOC (absorbs UV). A pondsurvey shall providea wide spectrum on ponds which vary in DOC and depth. Lipid analysis of Daphnia andtheir food of these ponds as well as physical parameters of the pond waters shall identifycorrelations between UV-exposure and specific fatty acids. This shall enable us toestimate the effect of solar UVR on the freshwater plankton community in polar ponds.

The project will start in June 2004. No results on high arctic habitats are yet available. Asimilar survey has started in subarctic Kilpisjärvi (Finland) area last summer. Results willbe published in:Zellmer I.D., M.T. Arts, D. Abele and K. Humbeck. 2004. Evidence ofsub-lethal damage in Daphnia (Cladocera) due to solar UV radiation insub-Arctic ponds. Journal of Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine Research.Special issue. 36(2):0000-0000 (in press).

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Institute of Plantphysiology,Weinbergweg 10, D-06120 Halle/Saale

×²¬·¬«¬·±²


The effect of solar UV on lipids in the planktonic food chain of polarfreshwater ponds.

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Iris D. Zellmer

Dr. Iris D. Zellmer

Halle/Saale, Germany

Halle/Saale, Germany


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

45

120975

Project Leader


12479

1276

University of Tromsø, Norwegian College of Fishery Science

University of Bergen (UiB), Department of Geophysics

Barents Sea

Norwegian Polar Institute, Akvaplan-niva AS, Norwegian University of Science andTechnology (NTNU), Geophysical Institute /University of Bergen, Bjerknes Centre forClimate Research, Institute of Marine Research, UNIS, SINTEF

Nordklima.

Principle objective:Determine the climatic sensitivity of the dominant energetic and carbon pathways in theMIZ of the northern Barents Sea and Svalbard shelf.

Sub-goals:-Sensitivity test an existing physically-biologically coupled 3D model-Conduct fully integrated, seasonal process studies across the MIZ-Use field investigations and data to improve model algorithms-Improve the model by adding CO2 and benthos module-Validate simulation with field results-Investigate the impact of climate variability on C flux and ecosystem feed back-Forcast consequences of climate change for MIZ ecosystem2003 is the first year of the project and the main activities planned is project kick-off,sensitivity testing and validation of the excisting physical-biological coupled 3D model andthe first of three cruises. During two weeks in July material will be sampled and processstudies carried out to achive increased understanding of the functional responses in thenorthern Barents Sea ecosystem including sea ice, the pelagic and benthos, physics,chemistry and biology.

Last years cruise was successfully carried out, and presentation of results from theinvolved partners and associates is scheduled for the annual meeting in June 2004.Publications from the project are still in progress.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Norwegian College of Fishery Science, University of Tromsø×²¬·¬«¬·±²

NorwegianÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

CABANERA-Carbon flux and ecosystem feedback in the northernBarents Sea in an era of climate change

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2003 to 2006Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Prof. Paul Wassmann

Prof. Harald Svendsen

Tromsø, Norway

Bergen, Norway


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

46

120975






Field Leader

10418

12481

12483

12482

12480

12479

Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI),

Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Geophysical Institute

NTNU/UNIS, Trondhjem Biological Station

Institute of Marine Research,

Akvaplan-niva,

University of Tromsø, Norwegian College of Fishery Science

Biology

Dr. Haakon Hop

Dr. Bellerby Richard

Dr. Geir Johnsen

Dr. Padmini Dalpadado

Dr. Michael Carroll

Prof. Paul Wassmann

Tromsø, Norway

Bergen, Norway

Trondheim, Norway

Bergen, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

47

120872

Nordenskiöld Land

Longyearbyen

Norwegian Polar InstituteInstitute of Biology, University of Tromsø

ARKTØK/KLIMAEFFEKTER/NORKLIM(NFR)

The project aims at elucidating the interactions between climatic variability and thedynamics of a predator-prey/host parasite system. The population dynamics of the siblingvole Microtus epiroticus in the Grumantbyen area are strongly influenced by the qualityand quantity of snow, and in particular icing events which result in extensive populationcrashes. The parasite Echinococcus multilocularis has the sibling vole as intermediatehost, and the arctic fox as final host. We will make field measurements of snowcharacteristics as well as intensive studies of the vole and fox populations. Prevalences ofEchinococcus will be estimated based on blood and feces samples taken in the field.

· In mid-April 2002, 2003 and 2004, we sampled snow depth along three transects at 50,100 and 150 meters a.s.l., and recorded snow properties in snow pits located along the 4ridges used as sampling locations for voles.· In early August and September 2002, the temperature loggers and thermistor chainswere installed according to the application send to the Governor of Svalbard.· In early July, early August and early September 2002 and 2003, we live-trapped the fourridges, Grumantbyen area, as well as a new area between ridge 2 and ridge 3 which wastrapped in 1990-96. Densities were very low in 2002, but high in 2003 as a consequenceof vole reproduction in late spring 2003. Blood samples were taken in July, August andSeptember 2003, and the samples will be processed later this spring.· In early August 2002 and 2003, most of the area along Fuglefjella, E and W ofGrumantbyen, was surveyed for vole signs, and patches with vole signs were snap-trapped to get EM prevalence data.· In early August 2002 and 2003, the area below and above the main seabirds colonieswere surveyed for arctic fox dens. Three active dens with pups were identifiedin 2002.Other dens, probably used only as rest dens, were mapped.· In early July, early August and early September 2002 and 2003, feces densities wereestimated using line transect methods in the 6 live-trapping areas. Approximately 50transects, each ca. 20 m. long, have been established and permanently marked. Fecescollected (ca. 200) will be further analysed for presence of EM.Ims, R.A., Fuglei E., Mørk T., Stien, A. and Yoccoz N.G. 2003 Forekomst avøstmarkmus, polarrev og parasitten Echinococcus multilocularis i Grumantområdetsommeren 2003. Report to the Governor of Svalbard.Yoccoz, N.G., Fuglei E., Ims, R.A., Stien A., Winther J.-G. 2004. The role of climaticvariation in the dynamics and persistence of an Arctic predator - prey / host -parasitesystem. Poster, NFR Lillehammer conference, January 2004.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Tromsø, Norway×²¬·¬«¬·±²


The role of climatic variation in the dynamics and persistence of anArctic predator-prey/host-parasite system

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2002 to 2006Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

48

120872

Project Leader





Field Leader

1301

1111

1296

11458

10066

1301

Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA),

University of Tromsø (UiT), Department of Ecology, Institute of Biology


University of Tromsø (UiT), Institute of Biology


Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA),

Biology

Prof. Nigel G. Yoccoz

Prof. Rolf A. Ims

Dr. Jan-Gunnar Winther

Dr. Audun Stien

Dr. Eva Fuglei

Prof. Nigel G. Yoccoz

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

49

120931

Project Leader


10270

10066

Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Norwegian College of Fishery Scienceand and University of Tromsø


Nordenskiöld Land

Ny-Ålesund

Norwegian Polar Institute, Tromsø,Agricultural University of Norway, Ås,University of Science and Technology, Trondheim,National Water Research Institute, Environment Canada, Burlington, ON, Canada

NFR-ProFo

The project aims to study the influence of natural winter emaciation in an arctic top-predator on organochlorine contaminant tissue distribution, bioavailability and biologicalimpact. Arctic animals utilize periods with high food availability for feeding and lipiddeposition, whereas they rely on stored lipids during unfavourable periods. Hence, manyarctic inhabitants exhibit profound seasonal cycles of fattening and emaciation. In theArctic, feeding is associated with fat deposition and contaminant accumulation. Whenlipids are mobilized, accumulated contaminants are released into the circulation.Consequently, blood contaminant concentrations may increase markedly and result in aredistribution of the contaminant(s) from "insensitive", adipose tissues to sensitive organs,and increased contaminant bioavailability. Such variations complicate interpretations ofpollutant toxicity, both in effect studies and in monitoring programs, and remains animportant future research area. In the present study, we will use the arctic fox (Alopexlagopus) as a model species for investigating tissue distribution and bioavailability oforganochlorine contaminants in relation to natural variations in lipid status (fieldstudy).One old, male arctic fox, with low levels of body fat, was trapped in July in 2003,and we plan to trap up to 6 summer-adapted foxes between July and August 2004. Wecollected winter-adapted foxes, with high levels of body fat, from the annual fur-trappingseason on Svalbard in 2003-2004.

The project started in 2003

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Tromsø×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Bioavailability and effects of organochlorine contaminants in relationto seasonal lipid cycles in arctic fox.

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2003 to 2005Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Even Hjalmar Jørgensen

Dr. Eva Fuglei

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

EcotoxicologyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

50

120931





Field Leader

10633

12082

12145

11794

10066

Agricultural University of Norway (NLH), Department of Animal Science


National Water Research Institute, Environment Canada

Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Department of Zoology


Biology

Dr. Scient. Øystein Ahlstrøm

Dr. Hans Wolkers

Dr. Derek Muir

Prof. Bjørn Munro Jensen

Dr. Eva Fuglei

Ås, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

Burlington ON, Canada

Trondheim, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

51

121011

Project Leader


10066

12412



Nordenskiöld Land

Oscar II Land

Haakon VII Land

Biodiversity, NP

The objectives of the project is to resume the long term data series on known arctic foxden sites and arctic fox reproduction in Adventdalen/Sassendalen and in Kongsfjorden.The den survey in Sassen/Adventdalen will be conducted in two weeks in July, and inKongsfjorden it will be conducted in 7 days in July. Arctic fox scats will also be collectedfrom as many locations on Svalbard as possible through other research projects and fieldparties, in order to do genetic analysis on arctic fox population structure.

The den survey in Sassen/Adventdalen has been conducted in two periods: 1982-1989and 1997-ongoing.In Kongsfjorden the den survey data are from 1990-ongoing.

Prestrud, P. 1992. Arctic foxes in Svalbard: Population ecology and rabies. PhD thesis,The Norwegian Polar Institute/The University of Oslo, Norway.Frafjord, K., Rofstad, G. og Fuglei, E. 1997. Døde fjellrev-valper på Svalbard av sykdom?(Did arctic fox pups die due to some kind of sickness?) Fauna 50(3): 108-113. (InNorwegian).Fuglei, E., Prestrud, P and Vongraven, D. 1998. A status report of arctic foxes Alopexlagopus at Svalbard. Norsk Polarinstitutts rapportserie 44, pp 24Eide, N. E. 2002. Spatial ecology of arctic foxes. Relations to resource distribution, andspatiotemporal dynamics in prey abundance. PhD thesis, Agricultural University ofNorway, Norway.Fuglei, E., Øritsland, N. A. & Prestrud, P. 2003. Local variation in arctic fox abundance onSvalbard, Norway. Polar Biology 26: 93-98.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Norwegian Polar Instittute×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Arctic fox den monitoring on svalbardÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

1990 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Eva Fuglei

Bjørn Anders Nymoen

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

52

121011



Field Leader

12542

12543

10066

The Norwegian Polar Institutte.,

The Norwegian Polar Instittute,


Biology

Pål Martin Eid

Dr. Jane Uhd Jepsen

Dr. Eva Fuglei

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

53

120990

Project Leader


Field Leader

11558

12094

11558




Oscar II Land

Ny-Ålesund

MOSJ

Continue the annimal monitoring of Svalbard reindeer population size that has beenconducted since 1978 (winter). Estimate of dens population variance (summer).

Aanes et. al. (2000); Ecography 23; 437-443Aanes et. al. (2002); Ecology methods 5; 445-454Aanes et. al. (2003); Can. J. Zool. 81; 103-110

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Norwegian Polar Institute×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Svalbard reindeer monitoring, BrøggerhalvøyaÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

1978 to 2050Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Ronny Aanes

Snorre Henriksen

Ronny Aanes

Tromsø, Norway

Trondheim, Norway

Tromsø, Norway


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

54

121051

Project Leader


Field Leader

10418

10451

10418




Ny-Ålesund

SIMRAD

1) Calibrate and test EK-60 echosounder on R/V 'Lance'.2) Conduct standard zooplankton transect Kongsfjorden - Kongsfjordshelf/slope.Sampling at stations with Multi Plankton Sampler (MPS), WP-3 plankton net,CTD, fluorometer, water bottles for phytoplankton.3) Locate patches of zooplankton and pelagic fishes and sample them with nets andtrawls (tucker trawl and pelagic trawl). Zooplankton will be preserved for preyabundance/biomass and fish will be frozen for stomach content determination forpredator-prey relationship. Samples will be taken for stable isotopes and lipids.4) Estimate biomass of predator/prey (polar cod/zooplankton) in dense patches.5) Survey the fjord for biomass concentrations of zooplankton and fish.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬



Hydoacoustic (EK-60) survey of pelagic fish and invertebrates inKongsfjorden

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Haakon Hop

Dr. Stig Falk-Petersen

Dr. Haakon Hop

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

55

121039

Project Leader



Field Leader

10066

12323

12413

12029


University Centre on Svalbard (UNIS),

,

University of Tromsø, Institute for Biology

Nordenskiöld Land

Govenor of Svalbard, Longyearbyen

Monitoring and assessment programme for Svalbard and Jan Mayen

The objective of the study is to determine the relative density of territorial Svalbard RockPtarmigan (Lagopus mutus hyperboreus) males in order to monitor long-term trends ofthe populations. The survey will be conducted in Adventdalen and Sassendalen in April2004. Point counts for 20 minutes from approximately 100 set geographical positions witha distance of 1-2 kilometers in between will be conducted 2-3 times during the studyperiod. Relative densities of males are calculated by using the program DistanceSampling. Use of indexes to describe trend lines will developed.

The previous surveys are described in unpublished annual reports (in Norwegian) to theNorwegian Polar Institute and the Governor of Svalbard. The results will be publishedinternationally after five years of monitoring data are obtained.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI), Tromsø×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Population monitoring of Svalbard Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus mutushyperboreus): point count survey of territorial males in spring.

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2000 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Eva Fuglei

Cand. Scient. Marie Lier

Heli Routti

Stip. Åshild Pedersen

Tromsø, Norway


,

Tromsø, Norway


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

56

121034

Bjørnøya

Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research (Windsor, Canada), Norwegian Schoolof Veterinary Science (Oslo, Norway), and National Water Research Institute (Burlington,Canada)

Norwegian Polar Institute's Ecotoxicology Programme

The main objectives of the current proposal are to investigate the effects of a suite oforganohalogen contaminants on the metabolic systems of glaucous gulls, and to examinethe implication of circulating thyroid hormone levels in the model. For this purpose, a totalof 20 adult glaucous gulls will be captured on their nests during the incubation period atBjørnøya. Various metabolic system measurements will be carried out, i.e. basalmetabolic rate (BMR) and field metabolic rate (FMR), and each bird will be sampled forblood, and finally released in the colony. The present project is part of a three-year (2004-2006) doctoral fellowship (NFR; project no. 160919/V10-Jonathan Verreault) assessingthe effects of organohalogen contaminants and metabolites of organohalogens on theendocrine, enzymatic, and metabolic systems of glaucous gulls from Bjørnøya.Briefly, the adult glaucous gulls will be captured during the incubation period, i.e. fromMay 20th to June 20th 2004. The trap consists of a snare placed on the edge of the nestbowl and attached to a mechanism triggered by a radio transmitter. Measurements ofFMR will be performed by the use of doubly labelled water (DLW), according to publishedmethods by Nagy (1980). Immediately following capture, the birds will be injected 3 mL ofDLW (H218O) into the pectoral muscle. A blood sample (1 mL) will be taken from eachindividual 1 hour after injection of DLW, and released in the colony. The birds will be re-captured within 2 days of DLW injection and a second blood sample will be taken. Thissecond blood sample (12 mL for 1500g of body weight), collected from the brachial veinof the wing, will also be used for measurements of organohalogen contaminant andthyroid hormone levels. The field procedures for measurement of FMR are described byGabrielsen et al. (1991) and Ellis and Gabrielsen (2001). Measurements of BMR will beperformed by the use of indirect calorimetry on the same glaucous gulls captured for FMRmeasur

This NFR doctoral project has just started and has generated to date 1 publication fromsamples of glaucous gulls collected in 2001 on Bjørnøya. One publication is currently inpreparation for samples of glaucous gulls collected in 2002 from the same study area,and 2 additional publications are also anticipated from this work.Publications:Verreault J, Skaare JU, Jenssen BM, Gabrielsen GW. 2004. Effects of organochlorinecontaminants on thyroid hormone levels in Arctic breeding glaucous gulls Larushyperboreus. Environ Health Perspect 112:532-537.Verreault J, Letcher RJ, Muir DCG, Gebbink W, Shu S, Gabrielsen GW. Emerginghalogenated contaminants and metabolites in glaucous gulls Larus hyperboreus; inpreparation.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Norwegian Polarinnstitute×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Effects of organohalogen contaminants on the metabolic systemsand thyroid functions of glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus) fromBjørnøya

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

EcotoxicologyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

57

121034

Project Leader





Field Leader

1064

10526

12145

12573

12572

1064


Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Department of Reproduction and ForensicMedicine

National Water Research Institute, Environment Canada

University of Windsor, Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research

Nrwegian polarintitute.,


Biology

Dr. Geir Wing Gabrielsen

Prof. Erik Ropstad

Dr. Derek Muir

Dr. Robert J. Letcher

Mr Jonathan Verreault

Dr. Geir Wing Gabrielsen

Tromsø, Norway

Oslo, Norway

Burlington ON, Canada

Winsdor, Canada

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

58

121046

Sørkapp Land

Wedel Jarlsberg Land

Nathorst Land

Prins Karls Forland

Olav V Land

Albert I Land

Haakon VII Land

Andrée Land

Ny-Friesland

Barentsøya

Edgeøya

Dept. of Soil and Water Sciences, Agricultural Univ. of Norway, Ås, Norwayand Lab. de Biologie des Populations d'Altitude, Univ. J. Fourier, Grenoble, France

ARKTØK

The archipelago of Svalbard was almost completely ice-covered during the lastglaciation. The most thermophilous plants occurring there today must therefore havearrived postglacially by long-distance dispersal. Such species (e.g. dwarf birch, arcticblueberry) are probably relics from the hypsithermal, which was 1-2 °C warmer thantoday. Climate models predict an increase of the average temperature by 3-3.5 °C from1990 to 2070 in Svalbard. Thus, even more thermophilous species may establish, giventhat they are able to cross the oceans. Species such as mountain birch, grey willows, andblueberry dominate more southern ecosystems and will cause ecological cascade effectsif they succeed to establish in Svalbard. We will use molecular markers (AFLPs, DArTs,transposon displays, cpDNA markers), genotype assignment tests, and phylogeneticanalyses to identify source areas and frequency of previous immigrations of plant speciesto Svalbard, to estimate dispersal abilities of putative immigrant species that have not yetarrived, and to compare the likelihood for successful immigrations of species that arebird-dispersed, wind-dispersed, and without particular adaptations. The research teamcombines molecular, phylogeographic, and paleoclimatological expertise and will train twopost-doc, one PhD, and several MAs.Plant samples have been collected in the Kongsfjorden/Krossfjorden area and aroundIsfjorden during previous seasons. In 2004, we hope to have samples also from moreremote areas. A master student may go on fieldwork in Hornsund area and volunteercontacts might sample during boat trips around Spitsbergen.

A large amount of plant samples have been analysed for molecular variation andpreliminary results were presented on a conference in Leeds August 2003. One Masterstudent, Inger Skrede, has finished her thesis, and one more, Kristine Westergaard willfinish in June 2004.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

The Natural History Museums and Botanical Garden, University ofOslo, Norway

×²¬·¬«¬·±²

Norwegian/FrenchÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Effects of climate change on ecosystems in Svalbard: past andfuture immigration of thermophilous key species

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2002 to 2006Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

BotanyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

59

121046

Project Leader

Field Leader

12524

11016

University of Oslo (UiO), The Natural History Museum and Botanical Garden

NCB - National Centre for BiosystematicsNatural History Museums and Botanical GardenUniversity of,

Biology

Prof. Chrsitian Brochmann

Dr. Inger Greve Alsos

Oslo, Norway

Oslo, Norway

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

60

120930

Project Leader



10066

10529

10835


University of Tomsø., Department of Arctic Veterinary Medicine

National Veterinary and Food Research Institute, Oulu Regional Unit,

Nordenskiöld Land

Oscar II Land

James I Land

Dickson Land

Ny-Friesland

Hopen

National Veterinary Institute, Tromsø, and Norwegian School of Veterinary Medicine,Tromsø, and National Veterinary and Food Research Institute in Oulo, Finland and theGovernor of Svalbard

Biodiversity NP

The goal of the study is to monitor the occurrence of rabies, parasites and other zoonoticdiseases in the arctic fox population on Svalbard. Arctic fox carcasses are collected fromthe annual arctic fox trappers on Svalbard through cooperation with the Governor ofSvalbard. All carcasses are transported frozen to NP in Tromsø for storing. Thecarcasses are autopsied and samples taken at the National Veterinary Institute,Tromsø/The Norwegian Polar Institute.

Arctic fox carcasses are annually collected from trappers on Svalbard and shipped to NPTromsø for storing until sample collection.Mørk, T. & Fuglei, E. 2003. Polarrev fra Svalbard - rabiesdiagnostikk, kartlegging avaktuelle infeksiøse agens, miljøgifter, populasjonsstudier og genetiske undersøkelser.Report to Justisdepartementet, Landbruksdepartementet, Miljøverndepartementet ogSysselmannen på Svalbard. Pp. 12.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

The Norwegian Polar Institute×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Monitoring rabies, parasites and diseases in the arctic foxpopulation on Svalbard

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2001 to 2005Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Eva Fuglei

Dr. Morten Tryland

Dr. Antti Oksanen

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

Oulo, Finland


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

61

120930




Field Leader

12415

12416

12414

10066

University of Tromsø., Norwegian School of Veterinary Medicine

National Veterinary Institute,

National Veterinary Institute,


Biology

Dr. Kjetil Aasbakk

Dr. Terje Josefson

Cand. Med.vet Torill Mørk

Dr. Eva Fuglei

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

62

121012

Project Leader

Field Leader

10066

10066



The goal of the project is to study the structure of the arctic fox population within sub-populations, and migrations between and within sub-populations on the Svalbardarchipelago. This is of importance for the management of the arctic fox trapping onSvalbard, but also in general for this species dispersal ecology on the archipelago.Samples to be analysed are collected through two sources:1. More than 600 arctic fox carcasses trapped from 9 different locations on Svalbard havebeen collected from the annual arctic fox trappers on Svalbard since 1996. All carcassesare transported to the Norwegian Polar Institute in Tromsø for storing, and samples ofmuscles have been taken out and are stored frozen.2. Arctic fox faeces are collected from as many locations as possible on Svalbard fromdifferent field parties.

Dalèn, L., Fuglei E., Hersteinsson, P., Kapel, C., Roth, J., Samelius, G., Tannerfeldt, M.,Angerbjørn, A. 2004. Population history and genetic structure of the arctic fox (Alopexlagopus) a circumpolar species. Accepted April Linnean Society.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

The Norwegian Polar Institute×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Spatial population/ metapopulation structure of the arctic fox withinthe Svalbard archipelago.

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2002 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Eva Fuglei

Dr. Eva Fuglei

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

63

121035

Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)

The project aims at investigating the reproductive biology of the snow bunting, and howthe species, which is the only regularly breeding passerine species in Svalbard, hasadapted to the special environment, and how its behaviour is related to the reproductivesuccess. Behavioural features (e.g. song, mate guarding, extra-pair copulations (EPC),incubation feeding, parental care, diurnal activity) and structural features (e.g. variation inplumage, biometric features) are analysed in relation to environmental variables, matechoice, timing of breeding and breeding success. General reproduction data and survivaldata are collected over years and analysed in relation to population dynamics andenvironmental adaptations. Blood samples are taken from family groups for DNA-fingerprinting. Adult and juvenile site fidelity, dispersal and philopatry is studied on the basis ofrecoveries and resightings of individually ringed birds. Special attention will be paid to thesignificance of hatching asynchrony and variation in egg size, and the termoregulaturydevelopment in the young.

In the past 6 years more than 500 breeding pairs have been monitored with respect toe.g. onset and length of breeding season (considerable annual variations), polyterritoriality(three recorded instances), double clutches (none in 1998, 2000 and 2001, nine, four andone in 1999, 2002 and 2003, respectively), mate guarding (males guard their matesintensively 3-4 days prior to egglying), extent of EPC (approx. 10 % of DNA-finger printedyoung are EPO), song quality and song rate vs male quality (only song rate seems to beassociated with male quality), parental care (both parents normally participate in feedingthe chicks), clutch size (approx. 6 eggs and 5.5 chicks per clutch), breeding success (3-4fledged young/cluch; variation mainly caused by varying predation pressure). More than1500 snow buntings (ad. and pull.) have been ringed with metal and colour rings, mainlyfor monitoring population dynamics and recording of site fidelity and returningrate/philoparty. Preliminary results indicate a high rate of returning to previous breedingsites.Publications:Espmark, Y. 1999. Song of the Snow Bunting Plectrophenax nivalis in areas with andwithout sympatric passerines. - Can.J.Zool. 77, 1385-1392.Hofstad, E., Espmark,Y., Moksnes, A., Haugan, T. & Ingebrigtsen, M. 2002. Therelationship between song performance and male quality in snow buntings (Plectrophenaxnivalis). - Can.J.Zool. 80, 524-531.Hoset, K.S., Espmark, Y., Moksnes, A., Haugan, T., Ingebrigtsen, M. & Lier, M. (In print).Effect of ambient temperature on food provisioning and reproductive success in snowbuntings Plectrophenax nivalis in the high arctic. - Ardea.

Manuscripts:Lier, M., Hoset, K., Haugan, T., Espmark, Y., Moksnes, A. & Ingebrigtsen, M. Therelationship between mate guarding, song activity and parental effort in male snowbuntings Plectrophenax nivalis in Svalbard.

Espmark, Y., Ingebrigtsen, M., Moksnes, A. & Lier, M. Diurnal pattern of parental care inthe snow bunting Plectrophena

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

The Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters (DKNVS)×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Reproductive biology of the snow bunting, Plectrophenax nivalisÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

1998 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

ZoologyÜ·½·°´·²»

64

121035

Project Leader


Field Leader

11113

11114

11113

Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Department of bilogy


Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Department of bilogy

Longyearbyen

Biology

Prof. Yngve Espmark

Prof. Arne Moksnes

Prof. Yngve Espmark

Trondheim, Norway

Trondheim, Norway

Trondheim, Norway

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

65

121080

Project Leader


Field Leader

12385

12630

12629




Nordenskiöld Land

Norwegian Institute of Nature research (NINA)Dept. for Arctic Ecology, University in Tromsø

In spring, thousands of geese migrate from temperate wintering areas to Svalbard. Beforearriving at their breeding grounds they stage in pre-breeding areas in Southern Svalbardto supplement their body reserves. For geese, feeding conditions in spring are suggestedto be crucial for their breeding success and, hence, influence population dynamics. Forplants, however, the outcome of grazing depends on intensity and timing of the event.Global change may alter the phenology for both, goose migration and plant growth, andthus, alter their relationship. Accordingly, only by examining the phenology of geese andplants, mechanisms controlling this relationship can be fully understood. Consequently,this three-years-study will involve (1) an examination of goose feeding habits in a pre-breeding area for geese in Svalbard, (2) an assessment of forage impact on thevegetation, by experimental altering the timing and intensity of the grazing, and (3) anevaluation of the consequences of feeding conditions for the reproductive performance ofthe geese. Very little is known about the pre-breeding areas for Arctic-nesting geese andthis study will contribute to close the gap of knowledge of the present state and possiblefuture development in such areas.

Arrival and departure date as well as body condition of all 3 Svalbard goose species inVårsolbukta could be registered in spring 2003. For the barnacle geese staging in thatarea also staging time, diet, time budget of individual geese were assessed. In addition,general conditions in the area, eg. time of snowmelt, temperature, plant growth weremonitored.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

University Centre on Svalbard (UNIS), Longyearbyen, Norway×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Plant-herbivore interactions in an Arctic pre-breeding area for geese:effects of timing and foraging intensity

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2004 to 2005Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼


Eirin Bjørkvoll

Christiane Hübner





Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

66

121055

Project Leader



12596

11379

11596

UNIS,

University of Tromsø (UiT), Department of Biology

UNIS,

Longyearbyen

University Centre in Svalbard

N/A

The purpose of this project is to compare spatial distribution and species composition ofhigh altitude plant species in existing vegetation, seedling emergence, seed rain and thegerminable seed bank in order to determine the potential for change in vegetationcommunity structure with climate change.All data collection for this project will be completed in 2004, with fieldwork on Svalbardfrom May - September, and germination of seeds in Tromsø from September - December2004. Based on site accessibility and minimal influence from mining activities, sixtransects have been chosen in furrows or valleys ascending north-facing slopes ofmountains bordering the South side of Adventdalen, Svalbard. Transects are from 100mto 500m in altitude. At each 100m elevation interval, for a total of 5 intervals per transect,a 5 x 5 m sampling area will be marked out. In each sampling area, 10 snow core and 25soil cores will be taken, 5 seed mats and one temperature logger laid out (May-September) and 4 vegetation analysis and 4 seedling analysis will be conducted. Seedmat and snow core debris and soil cores will be used in germination trials in Tromsø fromSeptember - December to identify species present in the germinable seed rain and seedbank.

This is the first year of this study.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

University in Tromsø×²¬·¬«¬·±²

CanadianÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Germinable seed bank diversity at high altitudes on Svalbard andimplications to vegetation population dynamics with climate change

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

M.Sc candidate Rebecca Rose Barlak

Dr. Lennart Nilsen

Dr. Elisabeth Cooper


Tromsø, Norway



Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

67

121055


Field Leader

12385

12596


UNIS,

Biology


M.Sc candidate Rebecca Rose Barlak



68

121054


Albert I Land

Haakon VII Land

The aim of research in 2004 is to continue analysis and describe life cycles anddistribution of marine meiobenthic organisms, specially crustaceans: ostracods andcopepods (Harpacticoida) from Spitsbergen.

Investigations in 1995-2002 concerned:1. Faunistic characteristics of selected groups of crustaceans living in Nottinghambuktaand in neighbouring freshwater ponds,2. Nottinghambukta:- characteristics of salinity and temperature,- characteristics of winter and early-spring microenvironmental conditions upon and inbottom sediments,- overwintering life strategies of selected species of copepods,- characteristics of changes of ice seasons,3. Genetic polymorphism of populations of selected species of ostracods,4. Description of life strategies of freshwater ostracods: Candona rectangulata andTonnacypris glacialis,5. Genetic polymorphism of populations of Lepidurus arcticus,6. Faunistic characteristics of selected groups of meiobenthic organisms living inPetuniabukta.

Wisniewska B. 1996. Life cycles of selected species of freshwater ostracods from SouthSpitsbergen (near Polish Polar Station). Polish Polar Stud. XXIII Polar Symp., Sosnowiec,Poland, 27-29.09.1996.Wisniewska B., Laszczuk J. 1997. Life cycles of selected species of meiobenthiccrustaceans in Nottinghambukta, South Spitsbergen. Internat. Conf. of PhD StudentsProc., Univ. of Miscolc, Hungary, p. 204.Wisniewska B. 1997. A new method of segregation of Copepoda (Crustacea) frombottom sediments. Polish Polar Stud. 24th Polar Symp., Warsaw, Poland.Wisniewska B. 1999. Ice conditions in Nottinghambukta during 1993-1998 seasons.Polish Polar Stud.26th Intern. Polar Symp.: 323-328.Wisniewska B. 2000. Biologia malzoraczka Tonnacypris glacialis z rejonu poludniowegoSpitsbergenu. Proc. XVIII Zjazdu Hydrobiol. Polskich, 4-8.09. Bialystok, Poland: 284.Wisniewska B. 2000. Nottinghambukta - changes of salinity and temperature betweenspring and summer of 2000. Mat. XXVII Miedzyn. Symp. Polarnego, Polish Polar Stud.Wisniewska B. 2001.Wisniewska B. 2001. Perennial fluctuation of Harpacticoida inhabiting Nottinghambukta(South Spitsbergen) with careful consideration for their wintering strategies. In

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

University of Gdansk, Department of Genetics×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Some aspects of life strategies of marine ostracods and copepodsfrom northern fjords and Nottinghambukta (SW Spitsbergen).

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2004 to 2005Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

69

121054

Project Leader



Field Leader

12592

12594

12595

12593

University of Gdansk, Department of Genetics

,



Andrée Land

Arctic Ocean

Biology

prof. dr hab Tadeusz Sywula

MSc. Jerzy Rozanski

MSc. Agnieszka Mackiewicz

Dr. Barbara Wisniewska-Wojtasik

Gdansk 50, Poland

,

Gdansk 50, Poland

Gdansk 50, Poland

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

70

121048


Zoological Laboratory,

Wetlands and Wildfowl Trust (Slimbridge, UK)The University Centre on Svalbard (Longyearbyen, Norway)

Although density dependent reduction in reproductive success is a well-studiedphenomenon in animal ecology, the exact mechanism is often largely understood. Theincreasing size of several populations of arctic-breeding goose populations calls forfurther study in order to make predictions on population developments in the future. Thisstudy focuses on a local population of barnacle geese on the west coast of Svalbard, thathas been intensively studied during the past 25 years. In line with growth of the totalpopulation (7000 in 1977, and approximately 25000 today), the population in the studyarea has more than tripled. The research of this year will involve a wide array ofassessments on geese throughout the incubation period and early brood-rearing (bodycondition, food intake, demographic parameters) and on the tundra vegetations that areused by the geese (biomass availability, production, and grazing intensity by herbivores).

Twenty years ago the study area produced a substantial proportion of all juveniles in thebarnacle goose population. Since 1986 the numbers of goslings raised droppeddrastically, although the total number of adults still increases. The main reason for thisdrop is hypothesised to be the limited amount of food resources. This limitation may occurduring pre-breeding, during the egg-stage or during the brood-rearing period.Drent RH, Black JM, Loonen MJJE, Prop J (1998) Barnacle geese Branta leucopsis onNordenskiöldkysten, western Spitsbergen -in thirty years from colonisation to saturation.Norsk Polarinst Skrifter 200: 105-114Prop J, De Vries J (1993) Impact of snow and food conditions on the reproductiveperformance of barnacle geese Branta leucopsis. Ornis Scandinavica 24: 110-121Prop J, Black JM, Shimmings P (2003) Travel schedules to the high arctic: barnaclegeese trade-off the timing of migration with accumulation of fat deposits. Oikos 103: 403-414Prop J, Drent RH (2003) Goose census of Nordenskiöldkysten, West-Spitsbergen,Svalbard, summer 2003. Report Zoological Laboratory, GroningenProp J (2004) Food finding: on the trail to successful reproduction in migratory geese.PhD Thesis, University of Groningen

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

University of Groningen, The Netherlands×²¬·¬«¬·±²

NetherlandsÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Density dependent regulation of barnacle goose numbersÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2003 to 2005Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Jouke Prop

Haren, Netherland


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

71

121048


Field Leader

12585

12584



Biology

Ing. Jim De Fouw

Dr. Jouke Prop

Haren, Netherland

Haren, Netherland

72

121006

Longyearbyen

Alfred wegner institute of polar sciense.

The objective of the proposed research with arctic higher plants and snow algae is tostudy the range of adaptation of photosynthetic metabolism, of antioxidative and sunscreen compounds in a cold and reduced UV-B climate in comparison with data alreadyobtained from the high Alps, with plants living partially under colder and different lightregimes, especially higher UV-B. Further, the ultrastructure of leaf cells will be studied toascertain, whether adaptations found in some high alpine plants occur similarly in arcticplants, and to connect cytological results with metabolic functions..It is the advantage ofthe planned work, that a number of investigations ranging from ultrastructural studies overdifferent aspects of photosynthesis to assays of UV-B sensitive compounds andantioxidants will be conducted mostly with measurements and sample collection in thefield during the same experimental day at one place. Therefore we expect a goodconnection of the data raised, back to the plant system and expect a much broaderdescription of vitality and adaptation under the cold and light conditions. This is acontinuation of the project from 2002 at Ny-Alesund

Previous work with high mountain plants was mainly done with selected members from arange of plant families growing in the alpine and nivale zones. Several of those plants arealso found in the arctic as the same species, but other ecotypes, or as close relatives tothese alpine species. The main interest of our work is to understand whether the range ofadaptation of plants from alpine and arctic ecosystems differ under natural influences(mainly climate stress), but also how the evolutionary selected stress resistance will beinfluenced by anthropogenic impacts like UV-B or ozone.Our work covers ultrastructural studies (Lütz and Moser 1977, Lütz 1987, Lütz 1996,Larcher et al. 1997), extended field measurements (up to 3200 m) of photosynthesis andmicroclimate followed by plastid and membrane physiology studies (Bergweiler and Lütz1986, Lütz 1996). Other work included description of the metabolic status, especially ofantioxidants and pigments (Wildi and Lütz 1996).Concerning algae, the UV-B resistance of Desmidiaceae, which can be found as high as2700 m in alpine peat bogs, has been described for photosynthesis, pigments, organelles,cytosceleton (Meindl and Lütz 1996, Lütz et al. 1997) and experiments will continue. TheDesmidiaceae are a well introduced biological system to study cytoskeleton function,recently to understand adaptive and regulatory processes (Holzinger 2000, Holzinger andLütz-Meindl 2001). The cold stability of the cytoskeleton is not well understood; ourplanned studies including Desmidiaceae found in ponds in Svalbard, and including snowalgae, take up this cellular question with new organisms.References:Bergweiler, P., Lütz, C., 1986: Determination of leaf pigments by HPLC after extractionwith N,N-Dimethylformamide: Ecophysiological Applications. Env. Exper. Bot. 26, 207-210Holzinger, A. 2000: Aspects of cell development in Micrasterias muricata (Desmidiaceae)revealed by cryofixation and freeze substitution. Nowa Hedwigia 70, 2

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria×²¬·¬«¬·±²

Germany/austriaÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Investigation of the physiological anad cellular adaptation of higherplants and snow algae to the arctic enviroment.

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼


73

121006


Field Leader

12536

12535

University of Innsbruck, Institute of Botany

University of Innsbruck, Institute of Botany

Ny-Ålesund

Biology

Mag Daniel Remias

Univ. Prof. Dr Cornelius Lutz

Innsbruck, Austria

Innsbruck, Austria

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

74

120924

Project Leader



11500

1044

10799

University of Oslo (UiO), Institute of Biology

Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU),

Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS), Institute of Oceanology

Ny-Ålesund

NILU and Akvaplan NIVA

ARKTØK

In this project we will investigate the impact of increased UV radiation on planktonic foodwebs in the Arctic. The experiments will focus on changes in lipid composition, fatty acidsand the nutritional quality of microalgae and zooplankton. UV radiation is a keydeterminant of oxidation of poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in phytoplankton. ThesePUFAs cannot be synthesized de novo in zooplankton, but are key molecules for themarine pelagic food web via zooplankton to fish, particularly in the Arctic. Enhanced UVradiation could thus strongly affect structure and energy transfer in these food webs.During our stay in Ny Ålesund we will take samples (phytoplsnkton and zooplankton) fromdifferents depths, under different radiation conditions and during different stages of thespring bloon. Furthermore, we plan feeding experiments in the laboratory with irradiatedalgae fed to Calanus. The material will be analysed with respect to the fatty acidcomposition, CHN and P, content of MAA's (mycosporine alike amino acids) and growthparameters.

The data from the field sampling campaign have been analysed and are waiting forstatistical analysis now , a publication is in preparation. The experimental part didn't showthe expected effects, probably due to low UV doses applied.

Laboratory experiments in Oslo with a number of different diatom cultures revealed clearspecies-specific differences in their response to UV-radiation.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

University of Oslo, Biological Institute, Norwegian Polar Institute×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Effects of UV radiation on lipids, fatty acids and nutritional quality ofArctic marine algae and zooplankton

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Biology

2002 to 2005Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Prof. Dag Hessen

Kåre Edvardsen

Dr. Slawomir Kwasniewski

Oslo, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

Sopot, Poland

Marine BiologyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

75

120924



Field Leader

12405

12404

12403



University of Oslo (UiO), Biological Institute

Biology

Anette Wold

Wojtek Moskal

Eva Leu

Tromsø, Norway

Sopot, Poland

Oslo, Norway

76

121007

Project Leader


12394

12537

Adam Mickiewicz University, Department of Geographical and Geological Sciences,Institute of Geology

Institute of geology.,

Sørkapp Land


Hornsund

The project deals with a thorough study of Rugosa corals from Carboniferous andPermian on Spitsbergen. Using the results of my area investigation of the area carried outduring my stay on Spitsbergen in 1999 as well as data included in world-wide professionalliterature I have noticed that it seems very promising that abundant coral fauna maychange the existing multi-variant interpretation of the complicated geological structure ofSpitsbergen, and in many cases, it can make it more precise. I believe thatcomplementing those studies with new research carried out not only in the WestSpitsbergen, along fiord coasts explored the most often, but also inland in, among otherplaces, Polakkfjellet (in this year) and on the adjacent islands of Edgeoya, Barents andNordaustlandet in the future, will allow for determining the impact of, among other things,abiotic environment on the succession series and ecologic variability of corals. I hope thaton the basis of a detailed research of the coral fauna from the entire archipelago, it will bepossible to present a systematic development process of the ecosystem taking place notonly in time but in space too. Rugosa corals as the most abundant and most preciousgroup of Spitsbergen fossils contain information enabling to determine ecological issuesconcerning the analysed areas and provide significant data for the local and globalstratigraphy of places poor in conodont elements and foraminifers. Due to a small numberof studies concerning Rugosa corals on Spitsbergen, the above subject matter maybecome an important contribution to gap-bridging in stratigraphy, tectonics and broadpalaeoecology. I assume that the research results will turn out useful in developingmodels of geological structure and tectonic evolution of Spitsbergen in Carboniferous andPermian periods.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Adam Mickiewicz University, Department of Geographical andGeological Sciences, Poznan, Poland

×²¬·¬«¬·±²


"Bioatratigraphy and ecological succsession of permian-carbonferous Rugosa corals from Spitsbergen"

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geology

2003 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Edward Chwieduk

Bomugil Nowak

Poznan, Poland

Posnan, Poland

PaleontologyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

77

121007




Field Leader

12538

12540

12539

12394

Institute of geology,



Adam Mickiewicz University, Department of Geographical and Geological Sciences,Institute of Geology

Geology

Remigiusz Palyga

Bogumila Kecik

Ewa Tarnawska

Dr. Edward Chwieduk

Poznan, Poland

Poznan, Poland

Poznan, Poland

Poznan, Poland

78

121060


University of Bergen, Center for Integrated Petroleum Research

Dickson Land

Bünsow Land

Norges Geologisk Undersøkelse, Trondheim, Norway

The overall goal of the project is to map the 3D geometry of karst-solution and fracturesystems in carbonate sedimentary rock. The motivation is that very little is known aboutthe meter-scale, 3-D architecture of carbonate buildups. Ancient carbonate buildups areof interest for understanding processes of modern reef creation and destruction, for waterresources and waste disposal in areas typified by carbonate bedrock, for the geologicalhazards of building on carbonate bedrock, for resources such as cement and dimensionstone, and as an analog for oil-bearing reservoirs in many areas of the world. Althoughthese important geological features are well described in 2D, both on Svalbard andelsewhere, their meter-scale 3D geometry is not well determined. Furthermore, the inter-relationships between the carbonate stratigraphy, the fractures, and the solution featuresis not well understood. The northern end of Billefjorden, Dickson Land, has world-classexposures of carbonate strata well suited to such study.This is a short pilot study to determine the feasibility of future work. We integrate classicsurface-based geologic mapping with ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and resistivitytechniques. Thus we expect to image the subsurface continuation of features we can seeon the cliff sides and mountaintops. For this reason we plan to focus on the sides andtops of "Gisafjellet" and "Wordiakammen", on the east side of Petuniabukta. The steepsides and gently-sloping tops of these features are well suited to our geophysical imaging.Furthermore, both the structure and stratigraphy of these carbonate rock exposures havebeen studied previously, although the relationship of the structure (faults, joints) to thestratigraphy (especially karst dissolution features) was not a focus.

No previous years. This is a pilot study do determine feasibility of future work. However,the following articles are relevant:Braathen, Alvar, Bergh, S., Karlsen, F., Maher Jr., H., Andresen, A., Hansen, A.-I.,Bergvik, A., 1999. Kinematics of the Isfjorden-Ymerbukta Fault Zone: a dextral oblique-thrust ramp in the Tertiary fold-thrust belt of Spitsbergen. Norsk geologisk tidsskrift, v. 79,p. 227-240.Eliassen, A. and Talbot, M.R., 2003. Sedimentary facies and depositional history of themid-Carboniferous Minkinfjellet Formation, central Spitsbergen, Svalbard, NorwegianJournal of Geology, v. 83, p. 299-318.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Center for Integrated Petroleum Research, University of Bergen,Bergen, Norway

×²¬·¬«¬·±²


3D geometry of karst and fractures in carbonate buildupsÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geology

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Walter Wheeler

Bergen, Norway

GeologyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

79

121060




Field Leader

12608

12609

12610

12605


Norges geologisk undersøkelse,

Norges geologisk undersøkelse,


Geology

Dr. Alvar Braathen

Jan Rønning

Einar Dalsegg

Dr. Walter Wheeler

Bergen, Norway

Trondheim, Norway

Trondheim, Norway

Bergen, Norway

80

120936

Project Leader





12326

11381

12327

12557

12329

Université Pierre & Marie Curie, Laboratoire de Tectonique


Laboratoire de Tectonique,

Laboratoire de Géologie Ecole Normals Supérieure,

Laboratoire de Tectonique Université Pierre & Marie Curie,

Oscar II Land


The main purpose of the project is to outline a structural model for the exhumation ofCaledonian high-pressure rocks in NW Spitsbergen.In addition to the more specific structural studies, the area will be remapped for the1:100,000 geological map A4G Vasahalvøya, which is part of the larger geologicalmapping program under the Norwegian Polar Institute's direction.Three weeks of field work will be devoted to the central part of Biscayarhalvøya duringJuly 2003.The main purpose of the project is to outline a structural model for the exhumation ofCaledonian high-pressure rocks in Central Spitsbergen. A two week field study isproposed to further constrain the retrograde history of the newl discovered carpholite-bearing schists in Motalafjella.

Fieldwork for the present project in Motalafjella started in 2002 and this years activity willcomplete the structural mapping and petrological sampling.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

IPEV French Research Polar Institute×²¬·¬«¬·±²

French / NorwegianÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

ECLOCAL Prog IPEV 398Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geology

2003 to 2003Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Prof. Laurent Jolivet

Dr. Synnøve Elvevold

Dr. Claude Lepvrier

Pr Bruno Goffe

Dr. Philippe Agard

PARIS Cedex 05, France

Tromsø, Norway


Paris, France



Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

81

120936

Field Leader 12328

Laboratoire de Tectonique,

Geology

Dr. Loic Labrousse


82

121052

Ny-Ålesund

GEOLAB - UMR 6042 CNRS Maison de la recherche 4, rue Ledru 63 057 Clermont-Ferrand France

Progr. 400 "Geomorphoclim" IPEV

The aim is a better understanding of the impact of contemporary climatic change(posterior to Little Ice Age) on plant dynamics and the morphodynamic processes activeat the glacial margins in polar environments. The selected research field is constituted ofthe Brøgger Peninsula, where erosion assessments will be evaluated for variousprocesses (frost weathering, runoff, biological weathering, …).In 2004, we continue, withmore precisions, and comparisons, our field research started in 2002. First, we want toproduce cartography of plant colonisation and field erosion with very precise scale usingGPS and aerial photography. We selected field areas, like Engelsbukta, because thissection gives us till deposits and Holocene marine shorelines. So we have a chronologicalsequence to compare rates of plant colonisation and erosion. We have good results forthe last century and we hope to compare with oldest deposits. On the other hand, wecontinue our investigation about the third goal, rates of erosion of cold processes andweathering. We use Grant Squirell 1022 to have very precise thermic datas like in 2002for erratic limestone. We use also a Schmidt hammer to know rates of weathering onslope that know paraglacial evolution since the end of glacial period.

ANDRÉ M.-F., 2003 - Do periglacial areas evolve under periglacial conditions ?Geomorphology, 52, 149-164.ANDRÉ M.-F. & MERCIER D. (ed), 2003 - La recherche française actuelle dans lesmilieux polaires et subpolaires, Bulletin de l'Association de Géographes Français, 4, 343-416.ÉTIENNE S. & ANDRÉ M.-F., 2003 - Variabilité de la hiérarchie des processus demétéorisation dans divers milieux nord-atlantiques (Islande, Labrador, Laponie,Spitsberg). Géomorphologie, n°3, 177-190.LAFFLY D. & MERCIER D., 2002 - Global change and paraglacial morphodynamicmodification in Svalbard, International Journal of Remote Sensing, vol. 43, n°21, 4743-4760.MERCIER D., 2000 - Du glaciaire au paraglaciaire : la métamorphose des paysagespolaires au Svalbard, Annales de Géographie, 616, 580-596.MERCIER D., 2002 - La dynamique paraglaciaire des versants du Svalbard, Zeitschrift fürGeomorphologie, vol. 46, n°2, 203-222.MERCIER D. & LAFFLY D. - 2004 - Actual paraglacial progradation of the coastal zone inthe kongsfjorden area, West Spitsbergen (Svalbard), in Cryospheric Systems: Glaciersand Permafrost, Ch. Harris & J. Murton (eds), Special publication, Geological Society,Londres, (in press)MOREAU M., MERCIER D. & LAFFLY D., 2004 - Un siècle de dynamiques paraglaciaireset végétales sur les marges du Midre Lovénbreen (Spitsberg nord-occidental),Géomorphologie, n°2, (in press).

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Institut polaire français Paul-Émile Victor (IPEV)×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Paraglacial geomorphologyÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geology

2002 to 2005Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Geomorphology and GlaciologyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

83

121052

Project Leader






Field Leader

10288

10290

10291

12312

12313

12311

10288

University of Paris-Sorbonne, UFR of Geography

University of PAU, Department of Geography

UMR 6042 CNRS Maison de la recherche 4,

UMR 6042 CNRS,

UMR 6042 CNRS,

University of Nantes, Institute of Geography

University of Paris-Sorbonne, UFR of Geography

Geology

Dr. Denis Mercier

Dr. Dominique Laffly

Prof. Marie-Francoise Andre

Dr. Samuel Etienne

Student Myrtille Moreau

Prof. Dominique Sellier

Dr. Denis Mercier

Paris, France

Pau, France

Clermont-Ferrand, France



Nantes Cedex 03, France

Paris, France

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

84

121023

University of Greenwich, England - geotectonic interpretation of revealed palaeomagneticdata.

The aim of the project is to provide new palaeomagnetic data that would help to elucidatea Palaeozoic and an early Mesozoic geotectonic evolution of the southern Svalbard. Thequestions concerning the spatial relations among terranes of Svalbard during the earlyPalaeozoic, relative movements of the archipelago formations with respect to the mainneighbouring continents, as well as contribution of different tectonic events on present-day geometry of fold structures may be resolved by palaeomagnetic method. A basis ofthe method is analysis of the natural remanent magnetization (NRM), which is presentand detectable in almost all rock types. Acquired in the ambient geomagnetic field, NRMconserves its orientation within the rock and testifies later movements of the hostformation with respect to the geomagnetic axis. A significant advantage of thepalaeomagnetic method stems from the fact that it offers a quantitative resolution forrelative movements of crustal blocks. Also, it enables us to put an independent timeconstraints on age of fold structures, brittle tectonics, fluid migration and orientation of theprincipal stress axes, conclusions that can hardly be made by other methods in absenceof superposition evidence.

The main problems to be addressed and resolved by this project can be specifiedas follows:A. Early Palaeozoic palaeogeography of the Hornsund Terrane will be resolved.B. Hypothesis on the independent drift of Svalbard composite terrane with respect toBaltica will be tested and verified.C. Age of selected fold structures will be determined palaeomagnetically andsubsequently confronted with current tectonic models.D. Fissure fills of unknown age will be palaeomagnetically dated and the upper age limitfor the related fracturing process will be resolved.E. Palaeo-stress pattern will be identified and its evolution described.This year activity:- continuation of laboratory investigation of the Palaeozoic rocks collected in the Horn

In order to test the viability of this project reconnaissance palaeomagnetic studies werecarried out over Hornsund area in1999/2000 (during XXII Institute of Geophysics Polish Academy of Sciences yearexpedition to Hornsund). Using modern superconducting magnetometer (SQUID) andcleaning devices of the palaeomagnetic lab at our host Institute of Geophysics, we wereable to determine NRM components in Cambrian to Triassic rocks with a resolutionmeeting advanced requirements. Notably, we have demonstrated, for example, that theCambrian and Ordovician successions possess identifiable NRM components, recordedin magnetite. This promising finding triggered a new expedition in the year 2002 (duringXXIV Institute of Geophysics Polish Academy of Sciences year expedition to Hornsund)during which ca. 200 samples from the Palaeozoic formations were collected. Theprimary results of demagnetisation of the part of collected samples - Carboniferous

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Institute of Geophysics Polish Academy of Sciences - Laboratory ofPalaeomagnetism

×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Geotectonic and paleogeographic evolution of the SouthernSpitsbergen based on the palaeomagnetic investigations ofPaleozoic and Triassic rocks from the Hornsund region.

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geology

2003 to 2005Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

PaleomagnetismÜ·½·°´·²»

85

121023

Project Leader



Field Leader

12343

10093

12556

11667

Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS), Institute of Geophysics

Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS), Institute of Geophysics, Department of Polar andMarine Research

Institute of Paleobiology Polish Academy of Sciences,

Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS), Institute of Geophysics

Sørkapp Land


Torell Land

Geology

Dr. Marek Lewandowski

Dr. Jacek Bednarek

Msc. Aleksandra Holda - Michalska

MSc Krzysztof Michalski

Warszawa, Poland

Warszawa, Poland

Warsaw, Poland

Warszawa, Poland

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

86

120714

Project Leader


Field Leader

1240

12198

1240

University of Oslo (UiO), Mineralogical-Geological Museum

Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Institute of Geology

University of Oslo (UiO), Mineralogical-Geological Museum

Nordenskiöld Land

Oscar II Land

Haakon VII Land

Bjørnøya

Bergmesteren på Svalbard, Longyearbyen, Norway.Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway

Genesis of hydrothermally formed mineral deposits in Svalbard. Field mapping of detailedgeology in mineral deposits, establishment of mineral paragenesis, minor sampling ofminerals for fluid inclusion microthermometry and light stable isotope analysis, in order toestablish mineralization sequence, temperature, pressure, fluid salinity, concentration ofchemical species in the hydrothermal solution, as input data for thermodynamic modellingof fluid evolution and mineral deposition, as well as finding sources of fluids and theircomponents.

This year's field work activity is unknown at the time of writing.

Field radio communication calls LH2UB (MF/HF); LH2VB and LH2WB (VHF).

The Kapp Mineral (near Isfjord Radio) zinc-lead sulfide mineral deposit was investigatedduring the summer of 1994.See "Research in Svalbard" 1997 page 98 (Norsk Polarinstitutt, Oslo, 1997).Mineral deposits along the western part of Spitsbergen and Bjørnøya were investigatedduring the summer of 2000, 2001 & 2002.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Mineralogical-Geological Museum, University of Oslo (UiO), Norway×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Genesis of hydrothermal mineral deposits in SvalbardÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geology

2000 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Tom Victor Segalstad

Dr. Krister Sundblad

Tom Victor Segalstad

Oslo, Norway

Trondheim, Norway

Oslo, Norway


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

87

121001

Project Leader



Field Leader

11382

12533

12534

11382


University of Bremen, Department of Geology

University of Bremen, Department of Geology


Ny-Friesland

University of BremenUNIS

Geo Kart-Geological mapping of Svalbard

The project is carried out in the frame of the geological mapping program for Svalbard(GEOKART), and results will be crucial for the compilation of geological maps. Theproject comprises sedimentological and stratigraphical studies on theCarboniferous/Permian rock formations exposed in NE Spitsbergen (Ny Friesland, Olav VLand) and SW Nordaustlandet (Gustav Adolf Land).Investigations will focus on different lithostratigraphical units of the Billefjorden ,Gipsdalen and Tempelfjorden groups. Based on the interpretation of sedimentarystructures, lithology, microfacies, geochemical analyses and relative age determinations,depositional processes and paleoenvironments will be reconstructed.During field season 2004 detailed geological mapping will be carried out in NESpitsbergen (Lomfjorden peninsula and southern areas encircled by Lomfjorden,Veteranen, Kvitbreen and Hinlopenbreen). Within the investigation area, a number oflithological sections will be logged and sampled for laboratory investigations in differenttype localities.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬



Lower Palaeozoic sedimentology and stratigraphy of NE SvalbardÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geology

2004 to 2006Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Dierk Blomeier

Dr. Christian Scheibner

Dr. Holger Forke

Dr. Dierk Blomeier

Tromsø, Norway

Bremen, Germany

Bremen, Germany

Tromsø, Norway


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

88

121024

Project Leader

Field Leader

12558

12559

,

,

Sørkapp Land

Speleoklu Dabrowna GorniczaPolskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne Klub Krasu I SpeleologiiSilesian University

Our expedition project include exploring and pf ounderground karst`s streams in areas ofsouth Svalbard Carst.We plan knowing streams boosting the Trollosen source in Hilmarfjellet in year 2004.

This year is the first of our research in Svalbard.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Stowarzyszenie Klub Speleologiczny AVEN×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Polar KarstÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geology

2004 to 2008Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Mariusz Polok

Wlodzinierz Porebski

Wyry, Poland

Katowice, Poland


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

89

120910

Longyearbyen

University College London

HiTIES measures emissions from oxygen and nitrogen simultaneously with the hydrogenH-beta line. A study of the O+ multiplet at 4639-4696 Å in proton and electron aurora hasbeen carried out. This multiplet is blended with the N2+ 1N(1,3) band, which is animportant auroral diagnostic emission. A statistical study showed that the brightness ofthe O+ multiplet in electron aurora is on average 10% of N2+ 1N(0,2) band. The emissioncross-section of the multiplet has been estimated. Case studies using the ESR datareveal the dependence of the relative brightness of the oxygen lines on the energies ofprecipitating electrons. In the studied case it was found that rayed aurora has a significantlow energy population, resulting in a flat E-layer ionisation profile and enhanced O+ lines.In a separate case study it has been found that in proton aurora the oxygen multiplet isstrongly enhanced.

Measurements of the Doppler shifted Hbeta line, combined with modelling of the auroralionosphere have resulted ina much better understanding of the role of proton precipitation over Svalbard. Data fromthe IMAGE satellite, which measures theeffects of proton precipitation from space in the UV Lyman alpha emission have beencombined with particle data from FAST as input to modelling. Other instruments on thefacility are an imaging camera and two photometers. These optical data are used inconjunction with EISCAT Svalbard Radar data.1. Lanchester, B. S., M. Galand, S. C. Robertson, M. H. Rees, D. Lummerzheim, I.Furniss, L. M Peticolas, H. U. Frey, M. Mendillo, and J. Baumgardner High resolutionmeasurements and modeling of auroral hydrogen emission line profiles, AnnalesGeophys. 21, 1629-1643, 2003.2. Lockwood, M., B.S. Lanchester, H.U. Frey, K. Throp, S.K. Morley, S.E. Milan, and M.Lester IMF Control of Cusp Proton Emission Intensity and Dayside Convection:Implications for component and anti-parallel reconnection. Annales Geophys. 21, 955-982, 2003.3. Lockwood, M., B. S. Lanchester, H. Frey, K. Throp, S.Morley, S. E. Milan and M.Lester, IMF control of cusp proton emission intensity and dayside convection: implicationsfor component and anti-parallel reconnection, Annales Geophysicae, 21, 955 - 982, 2003.4. Lanchester, B. S., M. H. Rees, S. C. Robertson, D. Lummerzheim, M. Galand, M.Mendillo, J. Baumgardner, I. Furniss and A. D. Aylward Proton and electronprecipitation over Svalbard - first results from a new Imaging Spectrograph (HiTIES)Proc. of Atmospheric Studies by Optical Methods, SGO Pubs 92, 33-36, 2003.5. McWhirter, I., I. Furniss, B. S. Lanchester, S. C. Robertson, J. Baumgardner, M.Mendillo A new spectrograph platform for auroral studies in Svalbard. Proc. ofAtmospheric Studies by Optical Methods, SGO Pubs 92, 73-37, 2003.6. Ivchenko, N., B. S. Lanchester, M. H. Rees, D Lummerzheim, M. Galand, K. Throp andI. Furniss Observat

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

University of Southampton×²¬·¬«¬·±²

BritishÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Spectrograph Imaging Facility (SIF)Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2000 to 2050Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

PhysicsÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

90

120910


University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy

Geophysics

Dr. Betty Lanchester

Hamshire, United Kingdom

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

91

121043



Ny-Ålesund

Institute for Solid Earth Physics, University Bergen, NorwayNorwegian Polar Institute, Tromsø,Albuquerque Seismological Observatory, USAGeoforschungszentrum Potsdam, Germany

KOL 10

The seismological vbb-station KBS (very broad band station) at Ny Ålesund is operatingsince November 1994 and replaces the former WWSSN station operated by the Instituteof Solid Earth Physics, University Bergen. With ist modern data acquisition system(Quanterra system, 6-channels) and two sets oh high perfomance broad band and longperiod seismometers (Streckeisen STS-1 and STS-2 seismometers) the station KBSmeets all requirements of a modern seismological station. KBS is intgrated into theinternational Global Seismological Network (GSN) and is also part of the NorwegianSeismological Network. Because of Svalbards isolated location this station is an importantcontribution to the GSN network by filling a rather large gap in the arctic region. Themain task of this station is monitoring the seismic activity on a global scale. Specialresearch interests focus on regional seismicity at and around Svalbard and along theridges in the artic ocean. KBS is an open station, e.g., any interested scientist andinternational organization is allowed to retrieve data of special interest. Data are routinelyprocessed and stored at the IRIS Data Management Center in Seattle and copies areavailable at the Geoforschungszentrum Potsdam (GFZ). The National EarthquakeInformation Center (NEIC), USA, frequently refers to KBS recordings for thedetermination of hypocenter parameters of global earthquakes. Data for processing areretrieved automatically via telephone line by this organization. KBS data are also includedinto the seismological processing routines of the Norwegion Seismological Network,operated by the University Bergen. Therefore these data contribute also to the monitoringof the seismic activity in Scandinavia and the adjacent arctic regions.

Onset and phase redings and other parameters of KBS recordings are listed in theo bulletins of the IRIS Data Mangement Center, Seattleo bulletins of the Norwegian Seismological Network, University BergenNo special publications using only KBS data are known until now

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research×²¬·¬«¬·±²

Germany, Norway, USAÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Seismological Station at Ny ÅlesundÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

1994 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Alfons Eckstaller


SeismologyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

92

121020

Ny-Ålesund

Institute for Environmental Physics, University of Heidelberg

The active layer, the annually freezing and thawing upper ground in permafrost areas, isof pivotal importance. The moisture and heat transfer characteristics of this layer alsodetermine the boundary layer interactions of the underlying permafrost and theatmosphere and are therefore important parameters input for geothermal or climatemodeling. Finally, changes in the characteristics of the permafrost and permafrost relatedprocesses may be used as indicators of global ecological change provided the systempermafrost-active layer-atmosphere is understood sufficiently well.The dynamics of permafrost soils is measured with high accuracy and high temporalresolution at our two sites close to Ny-Ålesund. Using these continuous data we quantifyenergy balance components and deduce heat transfer processes such as conductiveheat flux, generation of heat from phase transitions, and migration of water vapor.During the summer/fall 2004, the station will be maintained and sensors will beadded/replaced.

Continuous high resolution data on soil temperature and liquid water content from a areused to quantify thermal processes in a non sorted circle site close to Ny-Ålesund (Rothand Boike, 2001). It was found that a thicker layer of snow greatly reduced the heatexchange of the permafrost soil with the atmosphere. Soil cooling was about twice aspronounced during the winter of 2000where the snow cover was about half as thick (about 0.4 m). The melting of the snowcover and possible infiltration of snow meltwater and/or temperature induced vapor fluxtowards colder layers warmed the permafrost soil at this site down to depths of 0.9 m.An energy balance model was applied to estimate atmospheric, ground heat and snowheat fluxes for snow-covered periods from autumn 1998 to winter 2000. Sensible heatand rain is primarily responsible for winter ablation of snow, while net radiation wasprimarily responsible for ablation during the spring. The ground heat flux is an importantenergy sink during spring melt, using between 30 to 50 % of total available energy.

Roth, K. and J. Boike, 2001. Quantifying the thermal dynamics of a permafrost site nearNy-Alesund, Svalbard. Water Resources Research, 37(12), 2901-2914.Boike, J., K. Roth and O. Ippisch 2003. Seasonal snow cover on frozen ground: Energybalance calculations of a permafrost site near Ny-Alesund, Spitsbergen. Journal ofGeophysical Research, Vol.108, D2, 8163.Boike, J., L. D. Hinzman, P. P. Overduin, V. Romanovsky, O. Ippisch and K. Roth, 2003.A comparison of snow melt at three circumpolar sites: Spitsbergen, Siberia, Alaska. 8thInternational Conference on Permafrost, Zürich, Switzerland, 79-84.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Heat and mass transfer in permafrost affected soilsÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

HydrologyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

93

121020

Project Leader

Field Leader

10659

12270

Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Research DepartmentPotsdam


Geophysics

Dr. Julia Boike

Dipl. Ing. Christian Wille

Potsdam, Germany

Potsdam, Germany

94

120905

Ny-Ålesund

University of Bremen, GermanyJPL Pasadena, USA;NASA Langley, USA;NIWA Lauder, New Zeeland

Network for detection of stratospheric change

Ground-based FTIR-observations are performed as part of the long-term observationswithin the NDSC. The measurements are performed half automatically by the NDSC-engineer at the station. Spectra are recorded typically once or twice per week. Theanalysis of the spectra is performed at the University of Bremen and at AWI. In 2003 it isplanned to study the long-term trend of a few tropospheric trace gases, like CO, HCN orC2H6.

The observations are performed regularly since 1992. The analysis of the total columnshas been performed up to now at AWI. In 2002 our main focus was to study the long-termtrend of chlorine species in the stratosphere, HCl and ClONO2. Furthermore, we studiedthe trend of the main sulphur containing species COS.T. Albrecht, J. Notholt, R. Wolke, S. Solberg, C. Dye. H. Malberg,Variations of CH2O andC2H2 determined from groundbased FTIR measurements and comparison with modelresults, Adv. Space Res., 29, 1713-1718, 2002.J. Mellqvist, B. Galle, T. Blumenstock, F. Hase, D. Yashov, J. Notholt, B. Sen, G.C. Toon,M.P. Chipperfield, Ground-based FTIR observations of chlorine activation and ozonedepletion inside the Arctic vortex during the winter of 1999/2000, J. Geophys. Res., inpress.Notholt, J., Lehmann, R.(2003). The moon as light source for atmospheric trace gasobservations: Measurement technique and analysis method, Journal of QuantitativeSpectroscopy & Radiative Transfer, 76, 435-445.C.P. Rinsland, E. Mahieu, R. Zander, N.B. Jones, M.P. Chipperfield, A. Goldman, J.Anderson, J. M. Russell III, P. Demoulin, J. Notholt, G. C. Toon, J.-F. Blavier, B. Sen, R.Sussmann, S.W. Wood, A. Meier, D.W.T. Griffith, L.S. Chiou, F.J. Murcray, T.M.Stephen, F. Hase, S. Mikuteit, A. Schulz, T. Blumenstock, Long-Term Trends ofInorganic Chlorine from Ground-Based Infrared Solar Spectra: Past Increases andEvidence for StabilizationJ. Geophys. Res., in press.C.P. Rinsland, A. Goldman, E. Mahieu, R. Zander, J. Notholt, N.B. Jones, D.W.T. Griffith,T.M. Stephen, L.S. Chiou, Ground-based infrared spectroscopic measurements ofcarbonyl sulfide: Tropospheric trends from a 24-year time series of solar absorptionmeasurements, J. Geophys. Res, in press.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Alfred Wegener Institute, Research Unit Potsdam×²¬·¬«¬·±²


KOL 02c, Trace gas measurements by Fourier TransformSpectrosocopy (NDSC)

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2003 to 2003Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

GeophysicsÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

95

120905

Project Leader

Project Leader


Field Leader

1188

1236

12368

1188

University of Bremen,




Geophysics

Dr. Justus Notholt

Prof. Otto Schrems

Voltaire Velazco

Dr. Justus Notholt

Bremen, Germany


Bremen, Germany

Bremen, Germany

96

120907

Project Leader

Project Leader

1188

1236



Ny-Ålesund


The aim of the project is to develop a cost-effective long-term European observationsystem for halocarbons and to predict and assess impacts of the halocarbons on theclimate and on the ozone layer. In 2003 we will concentrate on measurements andanalysis of three CFC's, CFC-11, CFC-12 and CFC-22. This requires considering theinterfering gases, mainly water, in the correct way. The spectra are recorded within theNDSC activities by the NDSC-engineer at the station typically once per week.

In 2002 the measurements were performed on a continuous basis. Up the now, the long-term trend of CFC-12 and CFC-22 since 1995 until present have been studied. Currently,we are concentrating on improvements in the measurement techniques for the CFC's andSF6. In the analysis we concentrated on the study of the seasonal and long-termvariability of SF6

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Alfred Wegener Institute, Research Unit Potsdam, Germany×²¬·¬«¬·±²


KOP 74, Observation of greenhouse gases by FTIR spectrometry(SOGE)

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Justus Notholt

Prof. Otto Schrems

Bremen, Germany



Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

97

120906

Ny-Ålesund


Long term validation of the SCIAMACHY satellite instrument on board ENVISAT byground-based FTIR spectrometry.Solar and lunar spectra will be recorded on a regular basis (once to twice a week) , andare transferred automatically to AWI and University of Bremen for analysis. This work isdone by the Koldewey Station engineer, who will be supported by a scientist in summerfor alignment of the instrument.

Measurements performed in 2002/2003 have been analyzed and submitted to thevalidation database. Comparisons with first analyzed SCIAMACHY data have beenperformed.Schulz, A., Notholt, J., Homann, T., Burrows, J.P., Schrems, O.(2001). SCIAMACHYvalidation by ground based FTIR-spectrometry, Proceedings of the Pre-launch Workshopon the Atmospheric Chemistry Validation of Envisat (ACVE), 16-18 May.Bramstedt, K., Buchwitz, M., Blum, U., Blumenstock, T., Frankenberg, C., Gathen, P. vonder, Mazière, M., Richter, A., Savigny, C., Schrivjer, H., Schulz, A., Steinbrecht, W.,Swart, D.(2003). Comparison of scientific SCIAMACHY products with ground-basedmeasurements, Proceedings of the Envisat Validation Workshop, SP-531, ESAPublication DivisionSchulz, A., Warneke, T., Notholt, J., Schrems, O., Neuber, R., Gathen, P. von der(2003).Groundbased FTIR, ozonesonde and LIDAR measurements for the validation ofSCIAMACHY (AOID 331), Proceedings of the Envisat Validation Workshop, SP-531, ESAPublication Division.De Mazière, M., Coosemans, T., Barret, B., Blumenstock, T., Griesfeller, A., Demoulin,P., Fast, H., Griffith, D., Jones, N., Mahieu, E., Mellqvist, J., Mittermeier, R. L., Notholt, J.,Rinsland, C., Schulz, A., Smale, D., Strandberg, A., Sussmann, R., Wood, S., Buchwitz,M.(2003). Validation of ENVISAT-1 Level-2 Products related to lower Atmosphere O3 andNOy Chemistry by an FTIR Quasi-Global Network, Proceedings of the Envisat ValidationWorkshop, SP-531, ESA Publication Division.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Alfred Wegener Institute, Research Unit Potsdam, Germany anduniversity of Bremen

×²¬·¬«¬·±²


KOP 67, Validation of the SCIAMACHY satellite instrument byground-based FTIR spectrometry

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2002 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

98

120906

Project Leader

Project Leader

Field Leader

Field Leader

1188

1236

11676

12367




University of Bremen, Institute of environmental physics

Geophysics

Dr. Justus Notholt

Prof. Otto Schrems

Dr. Astrid Schulz

Dr. Thorsten Warneke

Bremen, Germany


Potsdam, Germany

Bremen, Germany

99

121000

Prins Karls Forland

Albert I Land

Haakon VII Land

Max Planck Institute for ChemistryGKSS Research Center

Work on Svalbard will be part of the Polarstern Expedition ARK XX/2 aiming foroceanographic, petrologic, bathymetric and geological work in Fram Strait and north ofSvalbard. Measuring the Sea Ice thickness using a helicopter borne induction device(EM-bird) will be a main goal of the cruise. For sea ice thickness accuracy and systemenhancements it is of great benefit to land the EM-bird on a Glacier within helicopterrange from the ship for half a day once or twice during the expedition. Measuring on thesurface of a glacier provides the unique opportunity to study the technical drift of thesystem far away of any electrical conductor, as glaciers are almost perfect resistors.

Polarstern will be west of Prins Karls Forland in the second half of July, making it suitableto fly the EM-bird to the Murraybreen at ca. 78°43' N, 10° 55'W. Due to bad weather thetarget area could be shifted to Albert I Land in August, as Polarstern will be operatingnorth of Svalbard then. We won't take samples or do any drillings but only land thesystem on a remote place and keep it there for some hours. As a ground crew is neededto land the bird, the operation will involve 2 helicopters. One aircraft with the ground crewlands first and helps the pilot of the second helicopter to land the bird. Once the system ison the ground, the Helicopters are not needed until flying back to the ship.

The suggested position is not compulsory and can be changed to any other location on aglacier at least 300 m thick.

This type of investigation has never been published or carried out so far. A comparabletrial experiment was conducted by Pfaffling and Bishop in Antarctica last October andyielded very promising results.System Drift is however a key problem in Helicopter EM work.Deszcz-Pan, M., Fittermann, D. V. and Labson, V.F., 1998, Reduction of inversion errorsin helicopter EM data using auxiliary information: Expl. Geophys. 29, 142-146.Fitterman, D. V., 1998, Sources of calibration errors in helicopter EM data: Expl.Geophys. 29, 65-70.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI),Bremerhaven, Germany

×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Polarstern Cruise ARK XX/2Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

OceanographyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

100

121000

Project Leader



Field Leader

12529

12531

12532

12530


Mire Geophysics Pty Ltd,



Geophysics

Prof. Dr. Peter Lemke

John Bishop

Jan Lieser

Andreas Pfaffling


Sandy Bay, Australia



101

121009

Norwegian Polar Instittute

In 2004 AARI plans to study the meteorological conditions and climatic modifications inSvalbard. The activity will include:- The study of radiating characteristics of a snow and ice,- The study of the snow cover on the rivers basins,- Mass balance research of some West Spitsbergen glaciers,- Water balance of some Svalbard rivers,- Chemical sampling of river waters,- Operation of hydrometric station and freshwater runoff research during melting period,- The study of relict swamps for the reconstruction of modification paleogeographic'sconditions in Holocene,- The oceanographic observations in the Isfjord and Gronfjord areas,- The man adaptation mechanisms to extreme climatic conditions study.

1. Mavlyudov B.R., Solovyanova I.Yu. "Drainage system of Aldegonda Glacier, ofSpitzbergen nature. 2003. Iss. 3. Apatity: Publ. KSC RAS, p. 136-142. (in Russian)2. Shevnina E.V. Solovyanova I.Yu., Bystrov M.A. "Some results of Aldegonda Glacierrunoff investigation in August - September 2002."// Complex investigations of Spitzbergennature. 2003. Iss. 3. Apatity: Publ. KSC RAS, p. 146-150. (in Russian)3. Mavlyudov B.R., Solovyanova I.Yu. "Caves of glaciers Aldegonda (Spitsbergen) andBashkara (Caucasus)." //Karst i Speleologija, 2003, (Poland) (in publish) Mavlyudov B.R.,Solovyanova I.Yu. "Aldegonda Glacier drainage system (Spitsbergen)"//Complexinvestigations4. Spitsbergen" //Proceedings of 6th International Symposium Glacier Caves and Karst inPolar Regions Ny-Ålesund, 2003 (in publish)5. Mavlyudov B.R., Solovyanova I.Yu. "Compare caves of cold and temperateglaciers"//Proceedings of 6th International Symposium Glacier Caves and Karst in PolarRegions", Ny-Ålesund, 2003 (in publish)6. Mavlyudov B.R., Solovyanova I.Yu. "Hydrological system of polar glacier in conditionsof changing climate"//Proceedings of Final Science Conference Arctic Climatic SystemStudy, 2003, St-Petersburg (in publish)7. Solovyanova I.Yu., Mavlyudov B.R. "Some particularities of distribution superficialwater-streams on glaciers (West Spitsbergen)"//Theses of International conference inMyrmansk, 2004. (in publish), (in Russian)8. Solovyanova I.Yu., Tretyakov M.V. "Suspended sediments supervision on the rivers ofGrenfjord watershed.//Theses of international conference in Myrmansk, 2004. (in publish),(in Russian)9. Priamikov S.M., Ivanov B.V., Svjashennikov., P.N., Solovyanova I.Yu., Tretjakov M.V.the complex Hydrometeorological investigations of some glacier basins in Spitsbergen. Inbook of papers: "Problems of Arctic and Antarctic" (in publish), (in Russian)10. B. Ivanov, O. Andreev, A. Bezgreshnov, 2003. Preliminary investigations results ofsnow cover properties on Spitzbe

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI), St. Petersburg, Russia×²¬·¬«¬·±²

RussianÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

The meteorological conditions and climatic modifications study inSpitsbergen

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2001 to 2010Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

MeteorologyÜ·½·°´·²»

102

121009


Field Leader

12419

12541

Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI),

Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI),

Prins Karls Forland

Barentsburg

Pyramiden

Barents Sea

Geophysics

Dr. Mikhail Tretyakov

Irina Solovyanova

St.Petersburg, Russia

St. Petersburg, Russia

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

103

121050

Project Leader


Field Leader

12232

12587

12232

Service d'Aéronomie du CNRS,



Longyearbyen

Observatoire de haute ProvenceLaboratoire de Planétologie

The investigation is dedicated to the study of the upper atmosphere dynamics in the polarcap, a region where there are a direct influence of the solar particles on the Earth'satmosphere. The dynamics is observed by means of an interferometer. The instrumentstarted its measurements in November 2002. The instrument is placed in a shelter at theAuroral Optical station, and it is operated from Observatoire de Haute Provence (France).We experienced some technical problems which lead to organize a mission by atechnician after a remote investigation and some help received locally. These problemshave been solved.

An important fact is the local meteorological conditions of observations. Cloudy sky isfrequent, and is a limitation to our scientific return. However, on 28 October a very largeCoronal Mass Ejection occurred. When the particles arrived in the upper atmosphere byNovember 30, the conditions of measurements above Svalbard were acceptable, and wehave observed the dramatic effect of the particles on the line intensity and wind velocity inthe thermosphere. For the latter, the speed was increased up to 500 m/s, the zonalcomponent being more perturbated than the meridional component, this effect being stillpersistent one day after the particles arrival.These results have been reported at the European Geosciences Union (Nice, April,2004).

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Service d'Aéronomie×²¬·¬«¬·±²


EPISÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2002 to 2008Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Gérard Thuillier

Dr. Michel Hersè

Dr. Gérard Thuillier

Verrières le Buisson, France

Verrieres-le Buisson, France

Verrières le Buisson, France

Atmospheric PhysicsÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

104

120898

Project Leader



10536

12526

12527

University of Sheffield, Department of Geography



Ny-Ålesund


N/A

This year we will focus upon nutrient dynamics and runoff pathways in the catchment. Wewill therefore monitor runoff quantity and quality, collect snow, meltwater and ice samples,monitor meteorological conditions on the glacier and also undertake an intensive dyetracing programme.

Fluxes of water and solute, leading to estimation of rates of chemical denudation havebeen published.Hodson, A.J. and Tranter, M. 1999. CO2 drawdown by contemporary glacial meltwaterfluxes in high arctic Svalbard, IAHS Publications No. 256, 259-265.Hodson, A.J., Tranter, M. and Vatne, G. 2000. Contemporary rates of chemicaldenudation and atmospheric CO2 sequestration in glacierised basins: an Arcticperspective, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 25, 1447-1471.Hodson, A.J., Mumford, P.N., Kohler, J. and Wynn, P.M. In Press. The High Arctic glacialecosystem: new insights from nutrient budgets, Biogeochemistry.Hodson, A.J., Mumford, P.N. and Lister, D. In Press. Suspended sediment andphosphorus in proglacial rivers: bioavailability and potential impacts upon the P status ofice-marginal receiving waters, Hydrological Processes, 17.Irvine-Fynn, T.D.L. Moorman, B.J., Sjogren D.B., Willis, I.C., Hodson, A.J., Mumford,P.N., Williams, J.L.M., and Walter F.S.A. In Press. Geocryological processes linked toHigh-Arctic pro-glacial stream suspended sediment dynamics: examples from BylotIsland, Nunavut and Spitsbergen, Svalbard. Hydrological Processes.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, Winter Street,Sheffield

×²¬·¬«¬·±²

BritishÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Water, sediment and solute fluxes from the Midre Lovenbreen basinÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

1997 to 2050Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Andrew Jonathan Hodson

Mr Tristram Irvine-Fynn

Dr. Edward Hanna

Sheffield, United Kingdom



GlaciologyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

105

120898


Field Leader

12528

10536



Geophysics

Ms Anita Asadullah

Dr. Andrew Jonathan Hodson



106

120957

Project Leader

Project Leader

Project Leader

Field Leader

12304

12305

12555

12308

Finnish Meteorological Institute, GEO

Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio Interplanetario (IFSI-CNR),

Finnish Meteorological Institute, Geophysical Research,


Longyearbyen

Ny-Ålesund

Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio Interplanetario del CNR, Rome, Italy (IFSI/CNR)

MIRACLE (http://www.geo.fmi.fi/MIRACLE)

The cameras acquire during dark periods auroral images at three wavelengths, 557.7,427.8 and 630.0 nm. The sample rates are 20, 60, 60 sec respectively.

The images are used together with other MIRACLE observations and satellite data in theresearch of auroral morphology or ionospheric electrodynamics, e.g. Kauristie et al.,(Annales Geophysicae, 19, 1613-1640, 2001 or Massetti et al., (Journal of GeophysicalResearch, 107, 1255, 2002)

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Finnish Meteorological Institute, Geophysical Research×²¬·¬«¬·±²

Finnish-ItalianÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Allsky cameras in Longyearbyen and Ny AlesundÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2003 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Kirsti Kauristie

Dr. Stefano Orsini

Dr. Kari Pajunpaa

Stefan Claes

Helsinki, Finland

Roma, Italy

Helsinki, Finland



Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

107

121044

Ny-Ålesund

Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), KJELLER, Norway

Programme "Global Change and Sustainable Development", Belgian

Size-fractionated atmospheric aerosols are continuously collected at the Zeppelinmountain station in Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen. The sampling device used consists of amodified Sierra-Andersen Hi-Vol cascade impactor, which separates the aerosol into acoarse and a fine size fraction. The collections are performed according to a 2-2-3-dayschedule. The samples are analyzed for sulphate, methane sulphonate (MSA), andseveral other anionic and cationic species. The data sets are examined with receptormodels and/or related to air mass trajectories in order to identify the major source regionsof the various species, to evaluate the impact of each region, and to assess the extent ofthe anthropogenic perturbation.

The atmospheric concentration data (in the <2.5 micrometer size fraction) for the 10-yearperiod from 1991 through 2000 were examined. The anthropogenic elements As and Sbexhibited a clear seasonal cycle, with much lower levels during summer than duringwinter/early spring. For As, the summer levels were about 50 times lower than thewinter/early spring levels, whereas for Sb they were about 30 times lower. Also non-sea-salt Br showed a clear seasonal cycle. The highest levels were observed in the periodfrom March to mid-May, the lowest values in the period July through October, and thedifference between both periods was about a factor of 20. Se and I exhibited much lessvariability, but also these two elements showed clear seasonal cycles, with for Se higherlevels in winter/early spring than in summer. Iodine, on the other hand, had maxima inspring (March-April) and in fall (October). Natural sources, especially marine biogenicsources, are most likely quite important for both elements. Non-sea-salt (nss) sulphatewas lower during summer than during the rest of the year, but the summer/winterdifference remained limited to about a factor of 10. Methanesulphonic acid, a gas-to-particle conversion product of dimethylsulphide from marine phytoplankton, was very lowduring winter, increased steadily between day 100 and day 120 of the year, and remainedhigh during the entire summer. The contributions from marine biogenic and fromanthropogenic sources to the fine nss-sulphate during summer (June-July-August) wereestimated: 38% of the fine nss-sulfate in summer was on average attributed to the marinebiogenic source, but that attribution was around 50% for 1991 and 1994, versus only 20%for 1993 and 1998. The 10-year data set for the <2.5 micrometer size fraction was alsosubjected to principal component analysis (PCA) in order to examine the interrelationsbetween the various chemical species and elements and to identify the major aerosolcomponents (source types

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Ghent University, Institute for Nuclear Sciences, GENT, Belgium×²¬·¬«¬·±²

BelgianÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Chemistry of size-fractionated atmospheric aerosols at the Zeppelinmountain station, Ny-Ålesund

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

1994 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Atmospheric ChemistryÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

108

121044

Project Leader




Field Leader

1157

1087

12199

12510

1157

University of Gent, Institute for Nuclear Sciences





Geophysics

Prof. Dr. Willy Maenhaut

Dr. Jan Erik Hanssen

Xuguang Chi

Nico Raes

Prof. Dr. Willy Maenhaut

Gent, Belgium

Kjeller, Norway

Gent, Belgium

Gent, Belgium

Gent, Belgium

109

120923

Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l'Environnement du CNRS - 54, RueMolière- BP 96- 38402 Saint Martin D'hères cedex- FRANCEGroupe de Recherche sur l'Environnement et la Chimie Atmosphérique- 39-41, BoulevardGambetta- 38000 Grenoble- FRANCE

This program is a part of a large program with Italian, German, American, Norwegian,Canadian teams.

The field annual scientific programme will be organised with four experimental studies :1-Study of mercury dynamic in the snowpack taking into account the previous resultsobtained in Station Nord in 2002.

2- Studies under simulated conditions chemistry and photochemistry of Hg in thesnowpack.

3-Atmospheric particulate mercury speciation. A way to better understand depositionfluxes of Hg to the snow pack.4-Air/snow/firn/ice transfer fonction determinatio.

The study of mercury dynamic in the seasonal snow pack has started for our group in1998. The first studies were devoted to the speciation of mercury in Alpine snow, wherewe showed that reactive mercury was probably photoreduced in the snow. After thesestudies in Alpine snow, we started an important research program with the French PolarInstitute (IPEV) for the study of mercury speciation in the air above snow, in the air ofsnow, and in snow. Two important field campaigns have been organised in the Arctic, onein Station Nord, Greenland from February to March 2002 shortly after polar sunrise andApril in Kuujjuarapik, Quebec. During these field campaigns:* A new device dedicated to Hg° measurement in the air of snow has been build. * Weobserved both in Greenland and Quebec an exponential decrease of Hg° in the air ofsnow anti-correlated with an increase of total Hg in snow, indicating an oxidativechemistry involving halogenated compounds. * We observed a production of Hg° in theair of the snow pack directly linked with photochemical activity and production ofphotochemical species in the air of snow like HOO, Br, and BrO radicals. The aim of this2003 campaign is to go deeper in these mechanisms so as to better understand this veryactive chemistry for that metal. References:Dommergue A., Ferrari C.P., Boutron C.F. First investigation of an original devicededicated to the determination of gaseous mercury in interstitial air in snow. Anal.Bioanal. Chem., 375,106-111, 2003.Ferrari C.P., Dommergue A., Boutron C.F. Gaseous distribution of mercury in interstitialof snow pack in Station Nord, Greenland. Submitted to J. Geophys. Res., 2003.Ferrari C.P., Dommergue A., Boutron C.F. Night Production of Elemental GaseousMercury in Interstitial Air of Snow at Station Nord, Greenland shortly after polar Sunrise.Submitted to Atmos. Environ., 2003.Dommergue A., Ferrari C.P., Poissant L., Gauchard P.A., Boutron C.F. Production ofmercury in the air of the ...etc

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Ð®±¹®¿³³»

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Institut Paul Emile Victor - Technopôle Brest-Iroise - BP 75-29280PLOUZANE- FRANCE

×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Chemistry of mercury in polar areas (CHIMERPOL)Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

ChemistryÜ·½·°´·²»

110

120923

Project Leader




Field Leader

12397

12400

12401

12625

12397

Institut Paul Emile Victor, Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l'Environnement



Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique (LAMP)- Université Blaise Pascal (Clermont-Ferrand II) bat. Phy,


Oscar II Land

James I Land

Geophysics

Dr. Christophe Ferrari

Ing. Olivier Magand

PhD Pierre-Alexis Gauchard

PhD Pierre Amato

Dr. Christophe Ferrari

Saint Martin D'hères cedex, France



AUBIERE CEDEX, France


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

111

121040


University of Stockholm, Institute of Applied Environmental Research

Ny-Ålesund

Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU)

Miljöövervakning (Swedish EPA)

The objective of this investigation is to study substances that affect the climate, and in thiscase it concerns carbon dioxide and atmospheric aerosols over Spitsbergen (Svalbard).The observations aim towards:

· detecting any long-term trends in the carbon dioxide level, as well as any trends in theamount or composition of aerosols in the background atmosphere.· provide a basis to study processes that control the aerosol life cycle from their formationthrough aging and transformation, until being removed from the atmosphere.· provide a basis to study the processes (sources, sinks, and transport pathways) thatcontrol the level of CO2 in the atmosphere.· contribute to the global network of stations that perform continuous measurements ofatmospheric particles and trace gases to determine their effect on the Earths radiationbalance and interaction with clouds and climate.

Measurement of carbon dioxide is an ongoing activity on the Zeppelinstation since 1998.Between 1998 and March 2003 the mean rate of increase has been 1.2 ppm per year andthe annual amplitude (between summer minimum and winter maximum) is 17.7 ppm.Aerosol particles also present a marked annual cycle. The late winter and spring period isstrongly influenced by anthropogenic sources in Europe and North America. The summerperiod shows small total particle masses, but is the period with the highest numberdensities that often exceeds many thousand particles per cubic centimeter. During late falland early winter the aerosol is aged and number densities are often below 100 cm-3.Ström, J., Umegård, J., Tørseth, K., Tunved, P., Hansson, H.-C., Holmén, K., Wismann,V., Herber, A. and König-Langlo, G., One year of particle size distribution and aerosolchemical composition measurements at the Zeppelin Station, Svalbard, March 2000-March 2001, J. Phys. Chem. Earth, 28, 1181-1190, 2003Eneroth, K., Kjellström, E., K. J. Holmén, Inter-annual and seasonal variations in transportto a measuring site in western Siberia, and their impact on the observed atmosphericCO2 mixing ratio, Journal of Geophysical Research, in press, 2003a.

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Institute of Applied Environmental Research, Stockholm University×²¬·¬«¬·±²

SwedishÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Climate affecting substances in the ArcticÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Johan Strøm

Stockholm, Sweden

Atmospheric ScienceÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

112

121040



Field Leader

12575

12576

12513

Stockholm University, Institute of Applied Environmental Research

Stockholm University, Institute of Applied Environmental Research

University of Stockholm, Institute of Applied Environmental Research

Geophysics

Mrs. Birgitta Noone

Mr Juri Waher

Dr. Johan Strøm

Stockholm, Sweden

Stockholm, Sweden

Stockholm, Sweden

113

121036

Project Leader


Field Leader

1072

10139

1072


Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Institute of Geography



Torell Land

Hornsund

Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, RussiaDepartamento de Matemática Aplicada ETSI de Telecomunicación, UniversidadPolitécnica de Madrid, SpainFaculty of Earth Sciences of the University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland

MAGICS - Mass Balance of Arctic Ice Sheets and Glaciers in Relation to the Climate andSea Level Changes

Radioechosounding measurements on Hansbreen and radar profiling of a few glaciers ontop of the Amundsenisen Plateau.

Pälli A., Moore J.C., Jania J., Kolondra L. and Glowacki P., 2003. The drainage pattern oftwo polythermal glaciers: Hansbreen and Werenskioldbreen in Svalbard. ? PolarResearch, 22 (2): 355-371.Macheret, Yu.Ya. and A.F.Glazovsky. 2000: Estimation of absolute water content inglaciers from radar sounding data. ? Polar Research, 19 (2): 205-216.

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Institute of Geophysics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw,Poland

×²¬·¬«¬·±²

InternatonalÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

ISPOG - Internal Structure and Bedrock of the Polythermal Glaciersin SW Spitsbergen

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2003 to 2008Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Piotr Glowacki

Dr. Andrey F. Glazovsky

Dr. Piotr Glowacki

Warszawa, Poland

Moscow, Russia

Warszawa, Poland


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

114

120991

Project Leader


12307

12310



Ny-Ålesund

Institute for Atmospheric Pollution - National Research Council (IIA-CNR)Finnish Meterological Institute.

Auroral observations from Svalbard islands with "ITACA"

Developed in the frame of the Space Physics research, the project aims to monitor andstudy the high-latitude auroral activity, focusing on the dayside auroras, by means of twoall-sky cameras located in Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard) and Daneborg (East coast ofGreenland).The data acquisition period ranges from the mid-October to the end of March. Usually, aweek for maintenance purpose is planned in Ny-Ålesund, at the beginning of theobservational period (3rd or 4th week of October).

In 2002, the second ITACA² station was set up in Greenland, while a new all-sky camerawas installed in the station of Ny-Ålesund. During the present winter season, for the firsttime, were achieved conjugated optical auroral observation from the two ITACA² stationsand a preliminary analysis is in progress.- Orsini S., K. Kauristie, S. Massetti, P. Cerulli-Irelli, M. Candidi, M.Syrjäsuo, P. Baldetti,A. Morbidini, R. Sparapani, F. Tabacchioni: A new all-sky camera - ITACA - is part of theMIRACLE network", in Proceedings of ICS-5, ESA SP-443, July 2000.- Opgenoorth H. J., et al.: Coordinated ground-based, low altitude satellite and Clusterobservations on global and local scales during a transient postnoon excursion of themagnetospheric cusp, Annales Geophysicae, Special Issue on Cluster First Results 2001,v. 19, pp. 1367-1398, 2001.- Kauristie K., et al.: Ground-based and satellite observations of high-latitude auroralactivity in the dusk sector of the auroral oval, Annales Geophysicae, Special Issue onCluster First Results 2001, v. 19, pp. 1683-1696, 2001.- Massetti S., S. Orsini, M. Candidi and K. Kauristie: Dayside pulsed auroraintensifications, observed by ITACA during constant IMF Bz ~ 0 and By << 0, JGR,10.1029/2001JA009204, September, 2002.

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Institute of Interplanetary Space Physics - National Research Council(IFSI-CNR)

×²¬·¬«¬·±²

ItalianÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

ITACA² - twin 76-ilat auroral monitorsÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Stefano Massetti

Pasquale Cerulli-Irelli

Roma, Italy

Roma, Italy

Space PhysicsÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

115

120991

Field Leader 12307


Geophysics

Stefano Massetti

Roma, Italy

116

121015

Project Leader

Field Leader

1206

1206



Longyearbyen

Ny-Ålesund

Hornsund

Barents Sea

Norwegian Sea

Greenland Sea

Arctic Ocean

Gdansk University, Norsk Polar Institute, Alfred Wegener Instiitut (Bremerhaven)Institute of Marine Research (Bergen), Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (France)

Arctic Subarctic Ocean Fluxes (ASOF), BIODAF, LITUS

Measurements of temperature and salinity of sea water (CTD), ocean currents (ADCP)optical and acoustical properties of sea water, phito, zooplankton and benhos sampling inthe area Norway-Spitsbergen, Storfjord and Storfjordrenna, West Spitsbergen Current,Kongsfjord, Hornsund and Bellsund.

Piechura J., Beszczynska-Möller A. & Osinski R., 2001, Volume, heat and salt transportby the West Spitsbergen Current, Polar Research, Vol 20, No 2, pp.233-241Piechura J., 1996, Dense bottom waters in Storfjord and StorfjordrennaOceanologia, No.38 (2), 285-292Piechura J., Walczowski W., 1996, Interannual variability in the hydrophysical fields ofthe Norwegian-Barents Seas confluence zone, Oceanologia, No. 38 (1), 81-98Piechura J., Walczowski W., 1995, The Arctic Front: structure and dynamicsOceanologia, No 37 (1), pp. 47 - 73Piechura J., 1993, Hydrological aspects of the Norwegian-Barents confluence zoneStudia i Materialy Oceanologiczne, Polar Marine Research (2), No 65, pp.197 - 222

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Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 81-712 Sopot,Poland

×²¬·¬«¬·±²

polish/internationalÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

AREX 2004Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Prof. Dr. Jan Piechura

Prof. Dr. Jan Piechura

Sopot, Poland

Sopot, Poland

OceanographyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

117

121025

Project Leader

Field Leader

12560

12561

McGill University, Dept. of Geography.

McGill University, Department of Geography

Ny-Ålesund

The project seeks to investigate the nature of perennial spring s at high latitudes and tounderstand their interaction with permafrost. The research on Svalbard will complementprevious research that my team and I have been conducting on springs on Axel HeibergIsland in the Canadian High Arctic. The 2004 activities will consist on photographing thespring outlets, collecting surface water samples (approx. 1.5 litres), and taking small (100g) samples of surface travertine deposits around the spring outlets, where they exist.

First year.

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McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada×²¬·¬«¬·±²

CanadianÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Investigations of perennial springs on SpitsbergenÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Wayne Pollard

Ms Nicole Couure

Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Montreal, Quebec, Canada

HydrologyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

118

120118

Project Leader


10236

11671

Nicholas Copernicus University, Department of Cryology and Polar Research, Institute ofGeography

Nicholas Copernicus University, Institute of Biology

Oscar II Land

James I Land

The Kaffiøyra region (Oscar II Land) is a traditional study area of polar expeditionsorganized by the Institute of Geography. Since 1975, 17 expeditions have beenorganized. The amount of publications is about 300. During 2001 we are planning:Continuation of the mass balance measurements, its include the winter balance, summerbalance and net balance; the outflow from glaciers of the Kaffiøyra and selected theecology problems of this region.

The Waldemarbreen is located in the Oscar II Land, northwestern Spitsbergen. It is of thealpine type and flows down a valley to the Kaffiøyra. With the area of 2.68 km2, theWaldemarbreen occupies 61% of a catchment basin closed by ice-cored moraines at thewater gap. The firn field occurs at 380-490 m a.s.l. and the snout at 130 m a.s.l. Theglacier is composed of two parts, separated by a median moraine, 1600 m long. Theforeland occupies 0.44 km2. The Kaffiøyra region together with the adjacent glaciers theAavatsmark (75 km2), and the Dahl (132 km2) and six glaciers running off in its direction(28 km2) cover the area of 310 km2. Mountain ranges, valley glaciers and their marginalzones together with the Kaffiøyra Plain cover 103 km2. Since the nineteenth century thesurface of the Kaffiøyra glaciers has decreased by approximately 30%. TheWaldemarbreen has been retreating intensively lately and the glacier surface has beenlowered at 1% every year. Annual mean air temperature of this area is about 4.6 °C.Detailed investigations into the glacier mass balance have been conducted since 1995.

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Ð®±¹®¿³³»

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Î»«´¬

Nicholas Copernicus University, Torun, Poland×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Mass balance of glaciers between Aavatsmarkbreen and Dahlbreenwith detailed investigations of Waldemarbreen and Irenebreen

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2002 to 2005Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Prof. Marek Grzes

Dr. Ireneusz Sobota

Torun, Poland

Torun, Poland


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

119

120118

Field Leader 10236

Nicholas Copernicus University, Department of Cryology and Polar Research, Institute ofGeography

Geophysics

Prof. Marek Grzes

Torun, Poland

120

121028

Project Leader


Field Leader

12498

12565

12564

Norwegian Hydrographic Service (NHS),

NHS,

NHS,


Prins Karls Forland

Albert I Land

Norwegian Defense Research Establishment

Collection of multibeam echosounder data for chart production.

Collection of multibeam echosounder data for chart production.

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Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Norwegian Hydrographic Service (NHS)×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Svalbardtokt 2004Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2003 to 2003Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Stig Øvstedal

Mr Odd Harald Njærheim

Mr Edgar Rasmussen

Stavanger, Norway

Stavanger, Norway

Stavanger, Norway

Hydrographic SurveyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

121

120868



Ny-Ålesund


Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP)

Monitoring air levels of heavy metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), polychlorinatedbiphenyls (PCB) and chlorinated pesticides (hexachlorocyclohexanes, DDT andchlordanes) since 1993. Results are reported to and stored in the AMAP database andreported annually to the Norwegian State Pollution Authority (SFT). The data are includedin the annual report from the air and precipitation chemistry monitoring network inNorway, "Atmosfærisk tilførsel".

Results are reported to and stored in the AMAP database and reported annually to theNorwegian State Pollution Authority (SFT). The data are included in the annual reportfrom the air and precipitation chemistry monitoring network in Norway, "Atmosfærisktilførsel".

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Î»«´¬

Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Kjeller, Norway×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Monitoring Heavy Metals and Organic Pollutants in Air at SvalbardÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2003 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Stein Manø

Kjeller, Norway

Atmospheric ChemistryÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

122

121045

Project Leader


Field Leader

1028

12580

1028

Norwegian Meteorological Institute (DNMI),

Meteorological Institute,

Norwegian Meteorological Institute (DNMI),

Orvin Land

Edgeøya

Longyearbyen

Ny-Ålesund

Sveagruva

Norwegian Coast GuardNorwegian Polar InstituteThe Governor of Svalbard

Maintenance of Automatic Weather Stations at Ny-Ålesund, Edgeøya , Verlegenhukenand Karl XII øya.Maintenance of Meteorological equipment at Airports in Ny-Ålesund, Longyearbyen andSvea.

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Norwegian Meteorological Institute×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Automatic Weather StationsÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

1986 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Head of Section Ragnar Brækkan

O.Ing. Gunnar Halvorsen

Head of Section Ragnar Brækkan

Oslo, Norway

Oslo, Norway

Oslo, Norway

MeteorologyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

123

121027

The project "Parameterisation of snow and ice albedo in ECHAM5 GCM" is a cooperationproject between Norwegian Polar Institute, University of Tromsø, Max Planck Institute forMeteorology in Hamburg, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland, ArcticAntarctic Research Institute in St. Petersburg, Swiss Federal Institute of Tecnology (ETH)in Zürich, The Norwegian Meteorological Institute and Norwegian Computing Centre.

NORKLIMA

Snow and ice albedo is known to be crucial for heat exchange at high latitudes. Even so,the way snow and ice albedo is parameterised in GCMs today is strongly simplified. Bydeveloping characteristic spectral albedo curves for different snow and sea-ice surfaces,and combine this with ground truth and satellite data, we want to improve the albedoparameterisation, by introducing spectral resolution and developing more realistic decayfunctions.This year activity includes the collection of data, the intercomparison of already existingmodels, and the validation of the best model. The work consists of two parts, one dealingwith snow on ground and the other with sea ice. The collected time series data over snowcovered surfaces include a 20 year time series from Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, three years ofdata from Col de Porte, French Alps, six years of data from six stations in the FormerSoviet and 12 years of data from Barrow, Alaska. The sea-ice part is covered by datafrom the Russian Drifting Ice stations in the Arctic Ocean, and the high quality one yeardata from the SHEBA experiment, also in the Arctic Ocean. Snow and sea-ice albedoparameterisations from 8 different global climate models are compared and validatedagainst these datasets. The models include ECHAM5, UKMO, ECMWF, CLASS, ISAB,GISS, BATS and an one-dimensional thermodynamic sea-ice model by Ebert and Curry,1993. For comparison a completely data-based regression model is built and comparedto the parameterisations in the global climate models.Albedo and reflectance data with spectral resolution is also collected, and this includesseveral datasets from the Svalbard area, data from the SHEBA experiment and also datafrom the Alps and Antarctic. This data will be used to develop characteristic spectralreflectance curves for each key cryospheric surface. For snow we want to develop onecurve for each of the classes defined by the International Classification of Seasonal Snowon the Ground by Colbeck

This years activity included the collection of data, the intercomparison of already existingmodels, and the validation of the best model. Snow and sea-ice albedo parameterisationsfrom 8 different global climate models and a completely databased linear regressionmodel are compared and validated against these datasets. We found that the iterativeschemes worked best for the snow albedo parametrisation. The snow cover fractionparametrisation and the threshold for re-setting the snow albedo to its new-snow valuealso play an important role. The work that still needs to be done is to look at the problemsat a larger scale; the mixed pixel problem, and to include snow cover- and forest fraction.It also seems necessary to include contamination since pollution decrease the albedosubstantially.However, for the sea ice albedo parameterisation it is different. The schemes that existstoday for sea-ice is clearly too simple, and a more advanced sea-ice parameterisation

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Norwegian with cooperating partners from USA, Germany,Switzerland and Russia.

Ò¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Parameterisation of snow and ice albedo in the ECHAM5 GeneralCirculation Model (GCM).

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼


124

121027

Project Leader


Field Leader

1296

12563

12417


Norwegian Polar Institute, Polar Enviromental Centre


Nathorst Land

Nordenskiöld Land

Geophysics

Dr. Jan-Gunnar Winther

Ph.D Student. Christina Pedersen

Frank Nilsen

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

125

103660

Project Leader


10394

1079


University of Oslo (UiO), Department of Physical Geography

Oscar II Land

Ny-Ålesund

Department of Geography, University of Oslo (UiO), Norway.Laboratory of Glaciology and Geophysics (LGGE), France

The mass balance of Midtre Lovenbreen and Austre Brøggerbeen have been monitoredsince 1967 and Kongsvegen since 1987. The first two are the longest continuous massbalance series from the Arctic.

The mean net balance for Austre Brøggerbreen and Midtre Lovenbreen have beennegative for the whole measuring period while the balance for Kongsvegen is close tozero.

1. ENGESET, R.V., J. KOHLER, K. MELVOLD, B. LUNDÉN. 2002. Change detection andmonitoring of glacier mass balance and facies using ERS SAR winter images overSvalbard. Int. J. Remote Sensing, 23(10), 2023-2050.2. BRULAND, O., J.O. HAGEN. 2002. Glacial mass balance of Austre Broggerbreen(Spitsbergen), 1971-1999, modelled with a precipitation-run-off model. Polar Res. 21(1),109-121.3. KÖNIG, M., WADHAM, J., WINTHER, J-G., KOHLER, J. & NUTTALL, A-M. 2002.Detection of superimposed ice on the glaciers Kongsvegen and Midre Lovénbreen,Svalbard, using SAR satellite imagery. Annals Glaciol. 34, 335-342.4. WASHINGTON, R., A., HODSON, E. ISAKSSON and O. MACDONALD. 1999.Northern Hemisphere Teleconnection Indices and the Mass Balance of SvalbardGlaciers. Int. J. Climatol. 20, 473-487.5. LEFAUCONNIER, B., J-O HAGEN, J.B. ØRBÆK, K. MELVOLD, E. ISAKSSON E.,1999. Glacier balance trends in the Kongsfjord area, western Spitsbergen, Svalbard, inrelation to the climate. Polar Res. 18(2), 307-3136. HAGEN J. O., MELVOLD K., EIKEN T. AND LEFAUCONNIER B. 1999. Mass balancemethods on Kongsvegen, Svalbard. Geogr. Ann. 81(A4) 593-602.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

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Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI), Norway×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Massbalance of glaciers in SvalbardÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

1967 to 2050Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Jack Kohler

Prof. Jon Ove Hagen

Tromsø, Norway

Oslo, Norway


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

126

103660




Field Leader

Field Leader

10353

10393

10395

10392

10394


University of Oslo (UiO), Institute of Physical Geography

University of Rovaniemi, Arctic Center



Geophysics

Cecilie Rolstad

Dr. Kjetil Melvold

Dr. John Moore

Dr. Elisabeth Isaksson

Dr. Jack Kohler

Tromsø, Norway

Oslo, Norway

Rovaniemi, Finland

Tromsø, Norway

Tromsø, Norway

127

121038

Project Leader

Field Leader

1198

1198



Ny-Ålesund

Alfred Wegener Institute, Norwegian institute for Air Research

Regular calibration and intercomparison of brodband radiation sensors (pyranometers,pyrgeometers, pyrheliometers, PAR-sensors), UV-biometers and UV- spectrometer.

Measuments of surface spectral albedo at selected tyoical surfaces for the determinationof regional albedo in support of the ASTAR2004 campaign by AWI and NIPR.

Ørbæk, J.B. and Engelsen, O., 2004: Variability and Feedbacks of UV-radiation andSurface Radiation Budget in the Arctic. Proceeding of the ACIA Climate FeedbackSeminar, Norwegian Polar Institute Report Series, (in press)Ørbæk J.B., Suortti, T., Wängberg, S.Å. and Kirchhefer, A., 2003: Ozone, UV-radiationand biological effects: Harmonisation of data, projects and instrumentation at theENVINET sites. Technical Report for ENVINET, Norwegian Polar Institute, 2003Hinkler, J., Ørbæk, J.B. and Hansen, B.U., 2003: Detection of spatial, temporal, andspectral surface changes in the Ny-Ålesund area 79° N, Svalbard, using a low costmultispectral camera in combination with spectroradiometer measurements. In: J.B.Orbaek et al. (ed.), "The changing physical environment of Ny-Alesund Svalbard",Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, Volume 28, Issues 28-32, 1229-1239

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Norwegian Polaristitute×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Solar Radiation Monitoring at Sverdrup Station, Ny-ÅlesundÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

1974 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Jon Børre Ørbæk

Dr. Jon Børre Ørbæk



Atmospheric PhysicsÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

128

121037

Arctic Center, University of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland.Institute of Geography Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow.Geophysical Research Division of the Finnish Meteorological Institute, FMI/GEO,Finland. .NORSAR, NorwayUniversity of Silesia, Poland.Space Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland.Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland.Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain

Global Change, World Glacier Monitoring Service, Inter. Monitor. Auroral, Geomagn.Effects (IMAGE), OERSTED

Continuation of the permanent measurements and registrations started in 19781) Permanent measurements of magnetic field elements.2) Monitoring of earthquakes and icequakes.3) Atmospheric electricity measurements.4) Ionospheric measurements.5) Examination of local values of meteorological elements.6) Examination of hydrological, glaciological and hydrochemical conditions.Photogrammetric and laser survey of the dynamics of Hansbreen.7) Environmental monitoring of selected climatic features and analyses of chemicalbuildup, air and water pollution.8) Implementation of long term biodiversity monitoring in Europe.

1. Permanent observations and publication of yearbooks with geomagnetic andseismological data.2. Publication of current meteorological yearbooks.3. Analysis of ionospheric and atmospheric-electricity data4. Analysis of seismic activity of Hansbreen.5. Magnetic anomaly maps of the southern part of Hansbreen and Tuvbreen.6. GPS surveying on Hansbreen, Werenskioldbreen and Hornsbreen.7. Spring and summer seasons measurements on Hansbreen.8. Laser measurements of Hansbreen movement.Burzyk M., Burzyk J. and Glowacki P., 2001. Comparative chemical characteristics ofprecipitation in the Hornsund region (SW Spitsbergen) in the years 1993-1994 and 1998-1999. Pol. Polar Res., 12, 233-247.Glowacki, P., Krawczyk, W. E. and Niedzwiedz, T., 2002: Precipitation in Hornsund (SWSpitsbergen) in Summers of 2000 and 2001 - its chemistry and influence of atmosphericcirculation. In: G.G. Matishov & G.A. Tarasov (Eds.) International ConferenceProceedings Collection - The complex investigations of the Spitsbergen Nature. RussianAcadey of Sciences, Kola Science Centre, Apatity 2002: 112-116.Glowacki, P. and Krawczyk, W. E., 2002: Long range transport of pollutants - evidencefrom rainfall chemistry in Hornsund (Svalbard). In: The Changing Physical Environment.Proceedings from the sixth Ny-Ålesund International Scientific Seminar. Tromso, Norway,

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS), Institute of Geophysics, Poland.×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Permanent observations of changes of terrestrial geophysical fieldsand anviromental monitoring

Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

1978 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼


129

121037

Project Leader

Field Leader

1072

12574


Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS),, Institute of Geophysics

Sørkapp Land


Torell Land

Hornsund

Geophysics

Dr. Piotr Glowacki

Dr. Krzysztof Migala

Warszawa, Poland

Warszawa,, Poland

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

130

121019

Project Leader



Field Leader

10169

12130

12552

10169

Czech Speleological Society (SPELEO),


ul.,


Hornsund

Department of Geomorphology, University of Silesia , Poland ;Department of Metorology and Climatology University of Wroclaw, Poland;Institute of Botany Academy of Scinces of the Czech Republic;

Continuation of the examination of the Werenskioldbreen, Nanbreen, Hansbreen andTorellbreen as well as the Hornsund glaciers.A) Hydrology and hydrochemistry of meltwaters.B) Investigation of the glacier - karst phenomena (inglacial and subglacial drainagechannels) by means of speleologlacial exploration.C) Mapping and documentation of glacier caves.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

SPELEO - Rehak - Czech , Chuchelská 293 , 513 01 Semily , CzechRepublic

×²¬·¬«¬·±²

CzechÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Tenth Czech Glaciological Polar Expedition , Spitsbergen 2004Ð®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dipl. Tech. Josef Rehak

Stanislav Rehak

Szymon Kostka

Dipl. Tech. Josef Rehak

Semily, Czech Republic

Zelezny Brod, Czech Republic

Wroclaw, Poland

Semily, Czech Republic


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

131

120938



Barents Sea

We are investigating morphology and physico-mechanical properties of one or two iceridges in the Barents Sea in May each year. We drill holes to examine the geometry andporosity of the ridge, we measure dimensions of the blocks in the sail, we sample andmeasure salinity, density, strength and ice texture of the ridge and the surrounding levelice. We also map the surface topography of the ridge.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

UNIS×²¬·¬«¬·±²

Norwegian - RussianÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Ice ridges ion the Barents SeaÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2002 to 2006Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Knut Vilhelm Høyland


Ice thermomechanics and ice morphologyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

132

120942



Nathorst Land

Nordenskiöld Land

Characterize the ice conditions in the Van Mijen fjord, small scale physico-mechanicalproperties and larger scale condiotions

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

UNIS×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Sea ice formation and growth in the Van Mijen fjordÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2002 to 2006Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Frank Nilsen


Ice thermomechanics and ice morphologyÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

133

121022



Nordenskiöld Land

Sabine Land

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Unis.×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Ice physics and crystal structureÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2002 to 2005Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Knut Vilhelm Høyland


Ice physicsÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

134

120904

Project Leader

Project Leader

Field Leader

1188

1236

12367



University of Bremen, Institute of environmental physics

Ny-Ålesund

Alfred Wegener Institute, GermanyFree University, Berlin, Germany

In 2003 the aim of the project is to study the seasonal variability of the radiative propertiesof tropospheric aerosols using FTIR emission spectroscopy. Furthermore, the heightdistribution of aerosols and their composition will be investigated. During intensecampaigns the observations are performed by the project scientist. For the rest of theyear the spectra are recorded within the NDSC activities by the NDSC-engineer at thestation typically once per month.

The measurements in 2002 were performed on a regular basis. The analysis wasperformed by a dedicated radiative transfer model from the Free University of Berlin. In2002 we concentrated on the comparison of observations from the Arctic with similarobservations from the Antarctica.C. Rathke, J. Notholt, J. Fischer, A. Herber, Properties of coastal Antartic aerosol fromcombined FTIR spectrometer and sun photometer measurements, Geophys. Res.Letters, in press.A. Herber, H. Gernandt, U. Leiterer, D. Nagel, L.W. Thomason, T. Albrecht, J. Kaptur, M.Lamakin, J. Notholt, K.H. Schulz, Day and Night Time Optical Observations of Aerosols inthe Arctic - Methods and Results, J. Geophys. Res., in press.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

University of Bremen, Germany×²¬·¬«¬·±²


KOP 60, Tropospheric aerosol observations by FTIR spectrometryÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

2004 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Dr. Justus Notholt

Prof. Otto Schrems

Dr. Thorsten Warneke

Bremen, Germany


Bremen, Germany


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

135

121032

Project Leader


12567

12568

Upsala University, Dept. of Earth Scienses.

Uppsala University, Dpt. Earth Sciences

Dickson Land


Lomonosovfonna Ice core Project

Measuring ice motion and ice theickness on Lomonosovfonna outlets; Nordenskiöld-,Mittag-Leffler- and Grusdievbreen

We have successfully recovered ice cores at Lomonsovfonna since 1997, and made icedynamical measurements in order to understandthe long term massbalance in the area. We also have monitored weather parametersusing a climate device up at the summit.

Isaksson, E., Pohjola, V, Jauhiainen, T., Moore, J., Pinglot, J-F., Vaikmäe, R., van deWal, R.S.W., Hagen, J-O., Ivask, J., Karlöf, L., Martma, T., Meijer, H.A.J., Mulvaney,R.,Thomassen, M.P.A. Van den Broeke, M. 2001. A new ice core record fromLomonosovfonna, Svalbard: viewing the data between 1920-1997 in relation to presentclimate and environmental conditions. Journal of Glaciology, 47(157), 335-345.Pohjola, V.A., J.C.Moore, E.Isaksson, T.Jauhiainen, R.S.W.van de Wal ,T.Martma,H.A.J.Meijer, and R.Vaikmäe. 2002. Effect of periodic melting on geochemical andisotopic signals in an ice core from Lomonosovfonna, Svalbard. J.Geophys.Res. 107(D4),10.1029/2000JD000149.Van de Wal, R., R.Mulvaney, E.Isaksson, J.C.Moore, J.-F.Pinglot, V.Pohjola andM.P.A.Thomassen. 2002. Reconstruction from the historical temperature trend frommeasurements in a medium-length bore hole on the Lomonosovfonna Plateau, Svalbard.Ann.Glaciol., 35, 371-378.Kekonen, T., J.C.Moore, R.Mulvaney, E.Isaksson, V.Pohjola and R.S.W.van de Wal.2002. A 800 year record of nitrate from the Lomonosovfonna ice core, Svalbard.Ann.Glaciol., 35, 261-265.Pohjola, V.A., T .Martma, H. A. J. Meijer, J. C. Moore, E. Isaksson, R. Vaikmäe and R. S.W. van de Wal. 2002. Reconstruction of three centuries of annual accumulation ratesbased on the record of stable isotopes of water from Lomonosovfonna, Svalbard.Ann.Glaciol., 35, 57-62.

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Upsala University.×²¬·¬«¬·±²

SwedishÒ¿¬·±²¿´·¬§

Lomonosovfonna Ice DynamicsÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Geophysics

1997 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Ph.D. Veijo Pohjola

Student Ann-Marie Berggren

Uppsala, Sweden

Uppsala, Sweden


Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

136

121032




Field Leader

12569

12571

12570

12567

Uppsala University, Dept. Earth Sciences.

,

,

Upsala University, Dept. of Earth Scienses.

Geophysics

Student Peter Kuipers Munneke

Consulant Anders Holmgren

Consulant Peter Sjøgren

Ph.D. Veijo Pohjola

uppsala, Sweden

, Sweden

, Sweden

Uppsala, Sweden

137

120917

Project Leader


Field Leader

11789

1235

12381



NILU,

Ny-Ålesund

High frequent measurements of the climate gases methane, carbon monoxide andhalogenated hydrocarbons and aerosols at the Zeppelin Station.

Hermansen, O., Schmidbauer, N., Lunder, C., Stordal F., Braathen O.-A., HolmènK.Greenhouse gas monitoring at the Zeppelin station, Annual report 2002. NILU OR30/2003Hermansen, O., Schmidbauer, N., Lunder, C., Stordal F., Braathen O.-A., Holmèn K.Climate gas monitoring at the Zeppelin station, Annual report 2001. NILU OR 50/2002Hermansen, O., Stordal, F., Lunder, C., Schmidbauer, N., Braathen, O.A., Braathen, G.O.og Bjørklid, F. Overvåking av klimagasser Zeppelinstasjonen. Årsrapport 2000. OR44/2001Hermansen, O., Lunder, C., Schmidbauer, N., Stordal, F. og Braathen, O.A.Klimaovervåking, Zeppelinstasjonen, 1999. OR 64/2000

Ý±±°ò ×²¬ò

Ð®±¹®¿³³»

Ü»½®·°¬·±²

Î»«´¬

Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU)×²¬·¬«¬·±²


Climate gas monitoring at the Zeppelin StationÐ®±¶ò Ì·¬´»

Other

2001 to 2004Ð®±¶ò Ð»®·±¼

Ove Hermansen

Dr. Norbert Schmidbauer

Chris Lunder

Kjeller, Norway

Kjeller, Norway

Kjeller, Norway

Climate gasesÜ·½·°´·²»

Ù»±¹®¿°¸·½¿´ß®»¿ø÷

Ð¿®¬·½·°¿²¬

Appendix 1: Address List

The following pages contains name and address information for all researchersthat have been registered in Research in Svalbard as active in 2004. The lastcolumn (“Page No.”) refers to the page number(s) in this report where theperson is listed.

We try to keep our address register up to date and accurate. If the information isincorrect we appreciate if you notify us. Please send cange of address orcorrections to:

[email protected]

or:

Research in SvalbardSvalbard Science ForumP.O. Box 506N-9171 LongyearbyenNorway

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4

Appendix 2: RiS' Geographic Zones

1. Sørkapp Land

Numbers on the map refer to the list of names next to the map.Hatched areas represent the major protected areas.

2. Wedel Jarlsberg Land3. Torell Land4. Nathorst Land5. Heer Land6. Nordenskiöld Land7. Sabine Land8. Prins Karls Forland9. Oscar II Land10. James I Land11. Dickson Land12. Bünsow Land13. Olav V Land14. Albert I Land15. Haakon VII Land16. Andrée Land17. Ny-Friesland18. Gustav V Land19. Prins Oscars Land20. Orvin Land21. Gustav Adolf Land22. Austfonna23. Barentsøya24. Edgeøya25. Kvitøya26. Kong Karls Land27. Hopen28. Bjørnøya

30. Longyearbyen31. Ny-Ålesund32. Hornsund33. Sveagruva34. Barentsburg35. Pyramiden

40. Barents Sea41. Norwegian Sea42. Greenland Sea43. Arctic Ocean

145

RESEARCH IN SVALBARD 2004 · Population monitoring of Svalbard Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus mutus hyperboreus): point count survey of territorial males in spring. (Biology and Ecology)

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