Research and Research Indicators Sources, Definitions and Empirical Comparisons.

Research and Research Indicators

Sources, Definitions and Empirical Comparisons

Key (Data) Sources on Research OECD, SourceOECD Science and

Technology Database, “Research and Development Statistics” & “Main Science and Technology Indicators”: http://puck.sourceoecd.org/vl=8531211/cl=27/nw=1/rpsv/statistic/s20_about.htm?jnlissn=16081242

EUROSTAT, Structural Indicatorshttp://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu

Key (Data) Sources on Research (cont.)

Science and Engineering Indicators 2008 http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/seind08

Statistik Austria, Forschung (F&E), Innovationhttp://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/forschung_und_innovation/index.html

Conceptual Key Definitions of Research

OECD, Frascati Manual (e.g., 2002):http://europa.eu.int/estatref/info/sdds/en/rd/rd_frascati_manual_2002.pdf

Conceptual Key Definitions of Research (cont.)

What is research?

Conceptual Key Definitions of Research (cont.)

Research (R&D) is (“Frascati Manual” 2002, p. 30):

Conceptual Key Definitions of Research (cont.)

Three “activities” (“three types of R&D”) of R&D:Basic research [R];Applied research [R];Experimental development [D].

Conceptual Key Definitions of Research (cont.)

OECD definition of R&D activities is (“Frascati Manual” 2002, p. 30):

Conceptual Key Definitions of Research (cont.)

“Sectors” of the OECD (“Frascati Manual” 2002, p. 54):

Conceptual Key Definitions of Research (cont.)

Sectors: “performance” and “source of funds”.

Conceptual Key Definitions of Research (cont.)

What are disciplines (academic disciplines) of “fields of science and technology”

OECD definition according to the “Frascati Manual” 1993, p. 60 – see next slide!

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National R&D Indicators for the U.S.

National R&D performance; National R&D financing; R&D expenditure by funding

sector.

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Comparative R&D Indicators for the OECD countries

R&D quotas; Real-term R&D expenditure; Comparison of EU (15), U.S. and

Japan.

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National R&D Indicators of Austria in Comparison

Austria in comparison with EU15 and Finland.

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Some Key Tertiary Education Indicators in Comparison

Tertiary degree attainment.

Other S&T Indicators in Comparison

S&T outlook.

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