Research and Referencing

A scientometric analysis of the research

productivity and citation behavior of

DLSU faculty

RESEARCH AND REFERENCING

Marian Ramos Eclevia, De La Salle University

[email protected]

PAARL National Summer Conference. Manila. 04.22.2016

Library Analytics: Data-Driven Library Management

INTRODUCTION

RESEARCH AND REFERENCING: A scientometric analysis of the research productivity and citation

behavior of Engineering faculty :: M. Ramos-Eclevia :: 04.22.2016 2

3

INFORMETRICS IN CONTEXT


behavior of Engineering faculty :: M. Ramos-Eclevia :: 04.22.2016

• “Knowledge creation and

dissemination in a discipline

are facilitated through

circulation of ideas among

invisible colleges”.

• “Each author contributes to the

body of knowledge by building

on what others have already

accomplished”.

(Eom, 2015)

4




• Citations or references are

essential component of

scientific communication.

• Citation counts are attractive

raw data for the evaluation of

scientific performance.

(Milojević, 2012; Bornmann & Daniel, 2008)

5




(Eom, 2015)

"It seems that, in any given year, about

35% of all the existing papers are not

cited at all, and another 49% are cited

only once (n=1). This leaves about 16%

of the papers to be cited an average of

about 3.2 times each. About 9% are

cited twice; 3% , three times; 2%, 4

times; 1%, 5 times; and a remaining of

1%, six times or more."

-- Derek John de Solla Price (father of

scientometrics)

6




the study of quantitative

aspects of information

science.

the application of

mathematics and

statistical methods to

books and other media of

communication.

the application of quantitative

tools to the study of scientific

communication.

(Eom, 2015)

BIBLIOMETRICS

INFORMETRICS

SCIENTOMETRICS

7




2 types of citation analysis

• Counting of citations of a

document or set of

documents authored by an

individual without considering

intellectual linkages

• Co-citation analysis of

authors or documents to

identify intellectual linkages

among authors/publications

(Eom, 2015)




IMPACT FACTOR - a measure of the frequency with

which the average article in a journal has been cited in

a particular year.

http://wokinfo.com/essays/impact-factor/

http://image.slidesharecdn.com/pubinscijournalsv1-140702115034-phpapp02/95/publication-in-scientific-journals-impact-factors-52-638.jpg?cb=1404302099




http://image.slidesharecdn.com/intro-citedref-21apr09-ksc-090519011152-phpapp01/95/citation-analysis-of-your-publications-using-scopus-and-web-of-science-by-by-the-nus-libraries-cited-reference-team-3-728.jpg?cb=1242695718




CO-CITATION ANALYSIS- the analysis of a set of selected documents

in terms of which pairs of documents or authors are cited together.

(Eom, 2015)

isg.uni-konstanz.de/fileadmin/_migrated/RTE/RTEmagicC_CoCit_vs_CPA_03.png.png




a technique for measuring the

similarity of two source

documents by counting the

number of common

bibliographic references.

BIBLIOGRAPHIC COUPLING

(Eom, 2015)

ouse

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ord

pre

ss.c

om

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a technique of analyzing a set

of documents to evaluate their

strength of linkage by

measuring the extent to which

they share important keywords.

CO-WORD ANALYSIS

(Eom, 2015)

fujixerox.com/eng/company/sr/2011/stakeholder/employee/im

ages/env_img4.gif

RECENT TRENDS IN INFORMETRICS



quantitative studies of the nature of

scientific communication over the

Internet and its impact on diffusion of

ideas and formation.

• Statistical study of WWW and computer-mediated communication on

the Internet, discussion groups, usenet newsgroup, etc.

• Quantitative measure analysis of the Internet backbone technology,

topology and traffic

• Analysis of Web contents, link structure, and web-usage

(Eom, 2015)

CYBERMETRICS

RECENT TRENDS IN INFORMETRICS



includes the study of web link structure analysis/web

co-link analysis, web page content analysis, web usage

analysis, and web technology analysis (Eom, 2015)

WEBOMETRICS

15

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY



•Examine the research productivity of DLSU faculty

1

•Analyze author's impact or influence through citation counts

2 • Investigate

author's citing behavior

3

•Determine the availability of cited references in the library

4

16

ASSUMPTIONS



The scholarly outputs of DLSU faculty members

in the field of Engineering have increased over

time.

DLSU faculty members collaborate

with co-faculty and experts from

abroad.

Publications in WoS cite references

indexed and listed in WoS journals,

books, and series.

17

ASSUMPTIONS



Citation behaviors among DLSU faculty members

vary by department, document type, and subject.

Faculty members cite information sources

available at the DLSU Libraries.

FRAMEWORK



19

THEORIES



NORMATIVE

Citing the works of colleagues

Cognitive symbol or content concept

SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIVE

Cognitive content of articles has little influence

Complex citing motivation depends on intellectual and

practical environment

20

THEORIES



"The main point which emerges is that citations

stand at the intersection between two

systems: a rhetorical (conceptual, cognitive)

system, through which scientists try to persuade

each other of their knowledge claims; and a

reward (recognition, reputation) system,

through which credit for achievements is

allocated (Cozzens, 1989, p. 440).

(Bornmann & Daniel, 2008)

21

EMPIRICAL STUDIES



(Bornmann & Daniel, 2008)

Context analyses of citations in citing

documents

Content analyses of citations to characterize

the cited works

Citer motivation surveys or interviews

Motivations for non-citing

METHODOLOGY



23

METHODOLOGY



• Provides a single

destination to access

the most reliable,

integrated,

multidisciplinary

research

• Finds, analyzes, and

shares the most

relevant information

in science, social

science, arts and

humanities

• Covers over 12,000 of the

highest impact journals

worldwide, 50,000

editorially selected books,

including Open Access

journals and over 150,000

conference proceedings

24

METHODOLOGY



Features • Analyze Tool helps discover trends

and patterns

• Cited Reference Searching allows

searching backward and forward in

time to uncover prior influences and

subsequent developments

• Related Records allows searching

across disciplines

http://thomsonreuters.com/content/dam/openweb/documents/pdf/scholarly-scientific-research/fact-sheet/wos-next-gen-brochure.pdf

25

METHODOLOGY



Features • Citation Report captures citation

activities

• Citation Mapping creates a visual

representation of citation relationships

• Usage Reporting (COUNTER

compliant) allows viewing usage data

• Manuscript Matcher helps find the

right journal for a manuscript

http://thomsonreuters.com/content/dam/openweb/documents/pdf/scholarly-scientific-research/fact-sheet/wos-next-gen-brochure.pdf

26

METHODOLOGY



Determine the faculty

publications of DLSU

1

• Written by Filipino

authors

• Engineering focus

• Published in WoS

listed journals, books

and series

• Published in 2011-

2015

• Covering articles,

book chapters and

proceedings papers

• Single and multiple

authors

27

METHODOLOGY



• Author

• WoS categories

• Document types

• Source titles

• Book series titles

• Conference titles

• Publication years

• Collaboration by institutions

• Collaboration by countries

Analyze

research

productivity

2

Generate

citation

report

2011-2015

3

28

METHODOLOGY



29

METHODOLOGY



30

METHODOLOGY



The All Times Cited Counts includes counts

from the following citation indexes:

• Web of Science Core

Collection

• BIOSIS Citation Index

• Chinese Science Citation

Database

• Data Citation Index

• Russian Science Citation Index

• SciELO Citation Index

31

METHODOLOGY



Extract

cited

references

4

32

METHODOLOGY



All cited references are indexed and

searchable via Cited Reference Search.

Unlinked references are

not downloadable using

Endnote.

References that are not

linked to full records are

displayed in plain text.

33

ME

THO

DO

LOG

Y



Fields of citing source

• Article title

• Source title

• Publication year

• Publication type

• Document type

• Publisher

• Department

• WOS categories

• Number of authors

• Format

• Actual # cited references

• Extracted cited references in

Endnote

Fields of cited source

• Article title

• Source title

• Author

• Publication type

• Publication year

• Conference title

• Series title

• Number of pages

34

METHODOLOGY



35

METHODOLOGY



Determine the availability

of cited references in the

library

5

Extract online journal titles from EBSCO A-Z list

Search individual titles of books and serials using OPAC

Data gathering: 1-10 April 2016,

20 hours

RESEARCH PRODUCTIVITY





Department-wise Distribution of Citing Publications

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 (blank)

Biomedical engineering Chemical Engineering Civil Engineering

Electrical & Electronic Engineering Environmental Engineering Industrial Engineering

Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering Multidisciplinary Engineering

(blank)



Citing Publications by WoS Categories

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

BiomedicalEngineering

ChemicalEngineering

CivilEngineering

Electrical &Electronic

Engineering

EnvironmentalEngineering

IndustrialEngineering

ManufacturingEngineering

MechanicalEngineering

MultidisciplinaryEngineering

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015



0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Article Book chapter Proceedings paper

Citing Publications by Document Type



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Series

Journal

Book

Citing Publications by Publication Type



0

10

20

30

40

50

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Digital Print

Document type/format Single Co-author Total

Article 5 73 78

Digital 5 67 72

Print 0 6 6

Book Chapter 21 4 25

Digital 20 2 22

Print 1 2 3

Proceedings Paper 2 69 71

Digital 0 24 24

Print 2 45 47

Citing

Publications by

Format



Top Publishers of Faculty Publications

Publishers # Publications

IEEE 40

Elsevier Science 39

AIDIC Servizi Srl 19

William Andrew Inc. 16

Springer 12

Institute of Chemical Engineers 11

American Chemical Society 10

Wiley-Blackwell 6

American Society of Mechanical

Engineers

6

Top 3 Publishers of Articles

Elsevier Science 30

Institute of Chemical

Engineers 11

Springer 11

American Chemical

Society 10

Top 3 Publishers of Books

William Andrew Inc. 16

Elsevier Science 5

CRC Press-Taylor &

Francis Group 2

Top 3 Publishers of Proceedings Papers

IEEE 40

AIDIC Servizi Srl 19

American Society of

Mechanical Engineers 6



Rank Authors

# of

publications % of 173 Department Position

1 Raymond R. Tan 77 44.5 Chemical Engineering Full Professor

2 Ioan D. Marinescu 27 15.6 Mechanical Engineering Visiting Professor

3 Kathleen B. Aviso 25 14.5 Chemical Engineering Associate Professor

4 Elmer P. Dadios 18 10.4

Manufacturing Engineering

and Management Full Professor

5/6

Michael Angelo

Promentilla 11 6.4 Chemical Engineering Full Professor

5/6 Alvin B. Culaba 11 6.4 Mechanical Engineering Full Professor

7 Aristotle T. Ubando 10 5.8 Mechanical Engineering Associate Professor

8 Luis F. Razon 9 5.2 Chemical Engineering Full Professor

9 Anthony SF Chiu 8 4.6 Industrial Engineering Full Professor

10 Rosemary R. Seva 6 3.5 Industrial Engineering Full Professor

Top 10 Most Prolific DLSU Engineering Faculty



Top 10 Collaborating Institutions

0 10 20 30 40

University of Wisconsin System

Tokyo Institute of Technology

Texas A M University System

Texas A M University College…

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

University of the Philippines

Indian Institute of Technology

University of Iashi

University of Toledo

University of Nottingham Malaysia

Collaborated

researches

163

Distinct authors

28



Countries

# of

Publications % of 173

USA 49 28.3

Malaysia 41 23.7

Romania 19 11.0

Japan 9 5.2

Taiwan 8 4.6

India 8 4.6

China 7 4.0

England 5 2.9

Vietnam 3 1.7

South Africa 3 1.7

Portugal 3 1.7

South Korea 2 1.2

Hungary 2 1.2

Singapore 1 0.6

Saudi Arabia 1 0.6

Indonesia 1 0.6

Cambodia 1 0.6

Collaborations of

Faculty per Country

# of Authors

Article

(% of 173)

Book chapter

(% of 173)

Proceedings

Paper

(% of 173)

Total (% of

173)

Single 2.9 12.1 1.2 16.2

Two 5.2 2.3 14.5 22.0

Three 6.4 0.0 5.8 12.1

Four 10.4 0.0 8.1 18.5

Five 9.2 0.0 5.8 15.0

Six 3.5 0.0 2.3 5.8

Seven 3.5 0.0 1.7 5.2

Eight 2.3 0.0 1.2 3.5

Nine 1.2 0.0 0.0 1.2

Fourteen 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.6 RESEARCH AND REFERENCING: A scientometric analysis of the research productivity and citation


Authorship Pattern of Citing Publications

Departments

Number of Authors

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 14

Chemical Engineering 4 7 17 18 17 8 5 4 0 0

Mechanical Engineering 21 2 1 5 4 2 1 1 0 0

Electronic and Communication

Engineering 0 17 3 4 2 2 0 0 0

Industrial Engineering 0 5 0 4 1 0 1 0 0 0

Civil Engineering 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Computer Technology 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

Manufacturing Engineering and

Management 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0

Computer Studies 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

Br. Alfred Shields FSC Ocean Research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Center for Natural Science and

Ecological Research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

Decision Science and Innovations 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Food Institute 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Physics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

Software Technology 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 28 38 21 32 26 10 9 6 2 1



Authorship Pattern of Citing Publications by Department

CITATION COUNTS



of DLSU Faculty Publications on Engineering



Title Authors WOS Categories

Total

Citations

Average

Citation

Counts/Year

Net energy analysis of the production of biodiesel

and biogas from the microalgae: Haematococcus

pluvialis and Nannochloropsis

Promentilla, Michael Angelo B.;

Aviso, Kathleen B.; Tan,

Raymond R.

Chemical

Engineering

76 12.67

Evaluating firm's green supply chain management

in linguistic preferences

Tan, Raymond R.; Aviso,

Kathleen B.; Barilea, Ivan U.;

Culaba, Alvin B.; Cruz, Jose B.,

Jr.

Environmental

Engineering

47 11.75

An extended graphical targeting technique for

direct reuse/recycle in concentration and property-

based resource conservation networks

Tan, Raymond R. Environmental

Engineering

30 5

A fuzzy multi-regional input-output optimization

model for biomass production and trade under

resource and footprint constraints

Diamante, Joseph Angelo R.;

Tan, Raymond R.; Foo,

Dominic C. Y.; Ng, Denny K. S.;

Aviso, Kathleen B.;

Bandyopadhya, Santanu

Chemical

Engineering

26 5.2

Continuous-Time Optimization Model for Source-

Sink Matching in Carbon Capture and Storage

Systems

Tan, Raymond R.; Ooi,

Raymond; Foo, Dominic C. Y.;

Ng, Denny K. S.; Aviso,

Kathleen B.; Bandyopadhyay,

Santanu

Chemical

Engineering

24 4.8

Sustainable consumption and production for Asia:

sustainability through green design and practice

Rajabimendi, Morteza; Dadios,

Elmer P.

Environmental

Engineering

24 6

Top 5 Highly Cited Articles



Document type 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total Average citation

counts/year

Article 31 62 113 200 274 680 54.8

Proceedings paper 0 0 0 0 2 2 0.4

Book chapter 0 0 2 4 7 13 1.4

Total 31 62 115 204 283 695 56.6

Citation Counts by Document Format

Department (Citing Author) 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total Average citation

counts/year

Chemical Engineering 27 56 100 182 239 604 47.8

Industrial Engineering 4 5 12 15 29 65 5.8

Mechanical Engineering 0 0 2 6 12 20 2.4

Civil Engineering 0 1 0 0 1 2 0.2

Physics 0 0 1 0 1 2 0.2 Electronic & Communication

Engineering 0 0 0 0 1 1 0.2

Citation Counts by Department



Citation Counts by Department

WOS

Categories 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total

Average Citation

Counts/Year

Chemical

Engineering 11 36 60 120 128 355 71

Environmental

Engineering 9 17 47 73 136 282 56.4

Multidisciplinary

Engineering 7 4 2 4 4 21 4.2

Electrical &

Electronic

Engineering 3 3 4 0 4 14 2.8

Industrial

Engineering 1 1 1 3 8 14 2.8

Civil

Engineering 0 1 0 3 2 6 1.2

Citation Counts by WoS Categories

CITING BEHAVIOR



of DLSU Faculty



173 5,409 Total cited sources

Extracted cited sources

(WoS)

Citing publications

(titles)

3,208

Citing publications

Zero references

Range of references (number of cited

sources)

Percentage of WoS cited

sources

59 15 2-118



Publication Types Cited

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

Journal

Series

Book

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

19

92

19

97

20

00

20

04

20

08

20

11

19

50

19

53

19

59

19

65

19

68

19

71

19

74

19

77

19

80

19

83

19

86

19

89

19

92

19

95

19

98

20

01

20

04

20

07

20

10

20

13

20

16

19

98

20

02

20

06

20

09

20

12

20

15

Book Journal Series (blank)

Publication Types and Year

of Cited References



Distribution of Cited References by Citing Document Type

and WoS Categories



Journal Title

# of Cited

References % of 3208

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry

Research 218 6.80

Applied Energy 173 5.39

Journal of Cleaner Production 171 5.33

Computers & Chemical

Engineering 127 3.96

Energy 91 2.84

Clean Technologies and

Environmental Policy 90 2.81

Chemical Engineering Research &

Design 80 2.49

Energy Policy 74 2.31

Chemical Engineering Science 70 2.18

AICHE Journal 66 2.06

Highly Cited Journals



Year-wise Distribution of Cited References -100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400



0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

Age-wise Distribution of Cited References

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

-2 to 0 1 to 5 6 to 10 11 to 30 31 to 61



0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

2009 2010 2013 2011 2008

Cited References by Publication Year

2005 MEAN

Publication Year

All Cited Sources

2009 MODE

Publication Year

All Cited Sources



Age of Cited References by Publication Type

Book Journal Series

Publication Year (Cited Sources)

1950-1980 0 98 0

1981-2000 10 493 14

2001-2010 32 1666 44

2011-2016 4 775 72

Age of Cited Sources

-2 to 0 0 98 4

1 to 5 25 1536 90

6 to 10 9 660 20

11 to 30 12 623 16

31 to 61 0 115 0

Mean 2005 2005 2009

Mode 2009 2009 2014

Oldest 1992 1950 1995

Latest 2013 2016 2015



All cited

sources

Cited

Book

Cited

Journal

Cited

Series

Old fraction (OF)

Counts 1,456 22 1,399 37

Fraction 45.4% 7.8% 56.8% 7.4%

Price Index (PI)

Counts 1,752 26 1,635 95

Fraction 54.6% 9.2% 67.5% 18.9%

N≤10

Counts 2,443 35 2,295 115

Fraction 76.2% 12.4% 94.8% 22.9%

Modified Price Index (MPI)

Fraction 71.7% 74.2% 71.2% 82.6% Old Fraction - fraction of references older than 10 years

Price Index - fraction of references that are 5 years old or younger

Modified Price Index - fraction of references published within 5 years compared to those

published within 10 years

N≤ 10 - fraction of references that are 10 years old or younger



Departments PI N≤ 10 MPI OF

Counts % Counts % % Counts %

Br. Alfred Shields FSC Ocean Research 13 37.1 24 68.6 5.1 11 31.4

Center for Natural Science and

Ecological Research

9 37.5 22 91.7 40.9 2 8.3

Chemical Engineering 135 6.3 1796 83.2 7.5 362 16.8

Civil Engineering 2 8.7 12 52.2 16.7 11 47.8

Computer Technology 1 100.0 1 100.0 100.0 0 0.0

Decision Science and Innovations 2 14.3 7 50.0 28.6 7 50.0

Electronic and Communication

Engineering

30 34.9 52 60.5 57.7 25 29.1

Food Institute 34 77.3 41 93.2 82.9 3 6.8

Industrial Engineering 103 44.2 187 80.3 55.1 56 24.0

Manufacturing Engineering and

Management

4 36.4 5 45.5 80.0 6 54.5

Mechanical Engineering 193 34.6 279 50.1 69.2 277 49.7

Physics 5 25.0 14 70.0 35.7 6 30.0

Software Technology 2 100.0 2 100.0 100.0 0 0.0

AVAILABILITY OF



at the DLSU Libraries

CITED REFERENCES



Out of 546 unique

journal titles are

accessible online 321

803 Available cited journal

articles

LIBRARY OWNERSHIP OF CITED SOURCES

Cited journal

(unique titles) 546

Percentage of cited

journals available at the

DLSU Libraries 59



unique book titles

available in print 5

34 Titles available in

IEEEXplore database

Cited books

(unique titles) 93

Percentage of cited

books available at the

DLSU Libraries 42




Titles of cited series

available in IEEEXplore

database 11

Cited series

(unique titles) 55

Percentage of cited

series available at the

DLSU Libraries 20




Database

# of Journal

Titles

ProQuest 302

ScienceDirect Freedom Collection 172

EBSCO 115

Gale 83

JSTOR Arts & Sciences 42

IEEE/IET Electronic Library (IEL) 18

Taylor & Francis 8

SpringerLINK Journals 3

American Chemical Society 2

American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) 2

LexisNexis Academic 2

Wiley Online Library 2

American Association for the Advancement of Science 1

American Institute of Physics 1

American Physical Society 1

Annual Reviews 1

De Gruyter 1

ICE Virtual Library 1

Distribution of Cited Online Journals by Database

CONCLUSION





Research productivity of

Filipino faculty members has

been consistently growing.

Significant differences in citation

behavior among faculty have

been observed.



Citation analysis can be a

useful tool to evaluate usage

of library resources and

information seeking behavior

of faculty.

It gives a better understanding

of user's research patterns and

library research needs.



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RE

FER

EN

CE

S

Research and Referencing

Education