18.06.2014 1 Role of Biomass and Biogas For Agro-Municipal Development in the Danube Region Research activities in Bioenergy at BOKU Andreas Gronauer (Institute of Agricultural Engineering) Christian Aschauer (Institute of Agricultural Engineering) Alexander Bauer (Institute of Agricultural Engineering) Gerhard Piringer (Institute of Agricultural Engineering) Tobias Pröll (Institute of Chemical and Energy Engineering) Chritoph Pfeifer (Institute of Chemical and Energy Engineering) University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Scientific Support to the Danube Strategy Danube Bioenergy Nexus 24 th -26 th June 2014, Vienna
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Research activities in Bioenergy at BOKU · Role of Biomass and Biogas ... Raw materials for biogas production ... Suggestion for a Danube-region-specific biomass action plan 1.
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18.06.2014 1
Role of Biomass and Biogas
For Agro-Municipal Development in the Danube Region
Research activities in Bioenergy at BOKU
Andreas Gronauer (Institute of Agricultural Engineering)
Christian Aschauer (Institute of Agricultural Engineering)
Alexander Bauer (Institute of Agricultural Engineering)
Gerhard Piringer (Institute of Agricultural Engineering)
Tobias Pröll (Institute of Chemical and Energy Engineering)
Chritoph Pfeifer (Institute of Chemical and Energy Engineering)
University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences
Scientific Support to the Danube Strategy
Danube Bioenergy Nexus
24th-26th June 2014, Vienna
Institute of Agricultural Engineering Strategy: Sustainable crop production systems
Crop cultivation
Harvest
Main products
Crop residues retrieval &
size reduction
Preservation & storage
Preparation & pretreatment
Fiber & fuel production fertilizer
food, feed
Sust
ain
able
so
il m
anag
em
en
t (h
um
us)
Dev
elop
men
t an
d ve
rific
atio
n of
tech
nolo
gies
Eva
luat
ion
of te
chno
logi
es (
econ
omy
+ L
CA
)
Working fields of the institute: Process chain oriented
3
Process
Crop cultivation Harvest
Straw retrieval
Preservation Preparation
pretreatment
Pro
ce
du
re
A) Precision farming,
mechatronic
A) Standard picking
attachment for silage
maize
A) Combined straw
retrieval: forage trailer
with cutting unit in
conveyor duct
Silage prepartion in flat
silo and bales, drying
Untreatet straw
B) Logistics, ICT
B) Cob picking
attachment with straw
collector at the bottom
B) Straw retrieval using
forage harvester and
transport of straw with
several vehicles
Pretreated straw
Pa
ram
ete
rs - Sensor technology
- Control engineering
- Data management
- Semantics/ontology
- Operationg cost
- LCA
- Harvesting performance
- Energy requirement
- Labor requirement
- Operating cost
- LCA
- Retrieval performance
- Energy requirement
- Labor requirement
- Operating cost
- LCA
- Ensilage performance
- Energy requirement
- Labor requirement
- Quality of silage
- Operating cost
- LCA
- Throughput
- Shredding or defibration
- Biogas / methane yield
- Energy requirement
- Labor requirement
- Operating cost
- LCA
Status quo: Raw materials for biogas production
Current developments in energy prices
(electricity and heat):
Trend: short term
Trend: long term
Development of food and feed price indexes
Trend:
Demand for biomass for material use
Trend:
4
Energy crops
18.06.2014
First research/development need: Sustainable and suitable raw materials for
bioenergy production
18.06.2014 5
Energy crops Agricultural residues Municipal / industrial residues
Second research/development need: Differentiated approach to potentials
18.06.2014 6
Theoretical potential: Total accumulated
biomass (residues, farm fertilizers)
Technical potential: The share of the
theoretical potential that can be harvested
using the best available technology
Economic potential: The share of the
technical potential that is economically
feasible to harvest.
Ecological potential: The share of biomass
that can be removed, while still leaving
enough biomass to ensure soil fertility.
Social potential: Ensuring sustainable
development in rural areas.
Second research/development need: Technical potential of agricultural residues?
18.06.2014 7
Austria: Europe:
straw: 2.4 million t DM a-1 131 million t DM a-1
manure: 2.5 million t DM a-1 203 million t DM a-1
Cereal straw
21%
Maize stover
25%
Rapeseed straw
2%
Sunflower straw
2%
Farm fertilizers
50%
Cereal straw 23%
Maize stover 9%
Rapeseed straw 4%
Sunflower straw 3%
Farm fertilizers
61%
Second research/development need: Potentials in Europe (agricultural residues and
open questions)
18.06.2014 8
Grain-Straw Ratio
Wheat 0.6 - 1.8
Barley 0.9 - 1.8
Oats 1.0 - 2.0
Rye 1.75
Maize 0.7 - 2.0
Sunflower 1.0 - 3.0
Rapeseed 1.1 - 1.7
Rice 0.8 - 2.3
Third research/development need: Pretreatment technologies: e.g. steam explosion of wheat straw for anaerobic digestion