101-1
Report on Proposals Copyright, NFPA NFPA 101Report of the
Committee on
Safety to Life
Technical Correlating Committee (SAF-AAC)
Chair James R. Quiter, Arup Fire, CA [SE]
Secretary (Staff-NV) Ron Cot, National Fire Protection
Association, MA
Principal Richard W. Bukowski, US National Institute of
Standards & Technology, MD [RT] Rep. Signaling Systems
Correlating Committee Kenneth E. Bush, Maryland State Fire Marshals
Office, MD [E] Rep. International Fire Marshals Association Lee J.
Dosedlo, Underwriters Laboratories Incorporated, IL [RT] Jackie T.
Gibbs, Marietta Fire Department, GA [U] Rep. International
Association of Fire Chiefs Kenneth E. Isman, National Fire
Sprinkler Association, NY [M] J. Edmund Kalie, Jr., Prince George s
County Government, MD [E] Ronald K. Mengel, Honeywell Fire
Solutions/System Sensor, IL [M] Rep. National Electrical
Manufacturers Association Jake Pauls, Jake Pauls Consulting
Services in Building Use & Safety, MD [C] Rep. American Public
Health Association Kirby W. Perry, Kirby W. Perry Architects &
Associates Incorporated, TX [SE] Rep. American Institute of
Architects Lawrence G. Perry, Building Owners & Managers
Association International, MD [U]
Alternate Robert E. Burke, Muse & Associates, DC [C] Alt. to
Jake Pauls Kevin J. Kelly, National Fire Sprinkler Association, NY
[M] Alt. to Kenneth E. Isman Martin H. Reiss, The RJA Group,
Incorporated, MA [SE] Alt. to James R. Quiter Michael S. Shulman,
Underwriters Laboratories Incorporated, CA [RT] Alt. to Lee J.
Dosedlo Michael D. Tomy, Heery International Incorporated, GA [SE]
Alt. to Kirby W. Perry
Nonvoting David A. de Vries, Firetech Engineering Incorporated,
IL [SE] Rep. TC on Means of Egress William E. Fitch, Omega Point
Laboratories Incorporated, TX [RT] Rep. TC on Furnishings &
Contents Ralph Gerdes, Ralph Gerdes Consultants, LLC, IN [SE] Rep.
TC on Assembly Occupancies & Membrane Structures Wayne D.
Holmes, HSB Professional Loss Control, CT [I] Rep. TC on
Industrial, Storage, & Miscellaneous Occupancies Morgan J.
Hurley, Society of Fire Protection Engineers, MD [U] Rep. TC on
Fundamentals Thomas W. Jaeger, Gage-Babcock & Associates,
Incorporated, VA [SE] Rep. TC on Detention & Correctional
Occupancies Philip R. Jose, US Department of Veterans Affairs, NY
[U] Rep. TC on Board & Care Facilities Richard L. Klinker,
Klinker & Associates, Incorporated, MD [SE] Rep. TC on Building
Service & Fire Protection Equipment James K. Lathrop, Koffel
Associates, Incorporated, CT [SE] Rep. TC on Residential
Occupancies Daniel J. OConnor, Schirmer Engineering Corporation, IL
[I] Rep. TC on Health Care Occupancies Eric R. Rosenbaum, Hughes
Associates, Incorporated, MD [SE] Rep. TC on Fire Protection
Features Ed Schultz, Code Consultants, Incorporated, MO [SE] Rep.
TC on Mercantile & Business Occupancies Catherine L. Stashak,
Schirmer Engineering Corporation, IL [I] Rep. TC on Educational
& Day-Care Occupancies David W. Stroup, US National Institute
of Standards & Technology, MD [RT] Rep. TC on Alternative
Approaches to Life Safety
Member Emeritus John L. Bryan, Frederick, MD [SE]Harold E.
Nelson, Hughes Associates, Incorporated, VA [SE]
Staff Liaison: Ron Cot
Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary
responsibility for documents on the protection of human life from
fire and other circumstances capable of producing similar
consequences and for the nonemergency and emergency movement of
people.
Report of the Committee onAssembly Occupancies and Membrane
Structures (SAF-AXM)
Chair Ralph Gerdes, Ralph Gerdes Consultants, LLC, IN [SE]
Secretary (Staff-NV) Ron Cot, National Fire Protection
Association, MA
Principal Scott W. Adams, Park City Fire Service District, UT
[E] Rep. International Fire Marshals Association Stanton M.
Alexander, North American Testing Company, FL [ M] Weston E. Bacon,
Jr., Bacon Hedland Management, Incorporated, IL [U] Rep.
International Association of Exposition Management Scott R.
Bartlett, Tyco/SimplexGrinnell, MA [M] Rep. National Electrical
Manufacturers Association George D. Bushey, Rosser International,
GA [SE] William Conner, Schuler & Shook, Incorporated, IL [SE]
Rep. American Society of Theater Consultants Bhola Dhume, City of
New Orleans, LA [E] Ronald R. Farr, Kalamazoo Township Fire
Department, MI [E] Rep. Michigan Fire Inspectors Society Robert D.
Fiedler, City of Lincoln, NE [E] William E. Fitch, Omega Point
Laboratories Incorporated, TX [RT] Wesley W. Hayes, Polk County
Fire Services Division, FL [E] Rep. International Fire Marshals
AssociationRoland J. Huggins, American Fire Sprinkler Association,
Incorporated, TX [IM] Jonathan Humble, American Iron and Steel
Institute, CT [M] Kevin J. Kelly, National Fire Sprinkler
Association, NY [M] John Lake, Marion County Fire Rescue, FL [E]
Rep. NE Florida Fire Prevention Association Vern L. Martindale,
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, UT [U] Joseph J.
Messersmith, Jr., Portland Cement Association, VA [M] Gregory R.
Miller, Code Consultants, Incorporated, MO [U] Rep. National
Association of Theatre Owners Keith C. Nagelski, Soft Play, L.L.C.,
NC [M] Rep. International Play Equipment Manufacturers Assn. Jake
Pauls, Jake Pauls Consulting Services in Building Use & Safety,
MD [SE] Steven W. Peavey, Altamonte Springs Fire Department, FL [E]
Rep. Florida Fire Marshals & Inspectors Association Larry B.
Perkins, RBC Center/Carolina Hurricanes, NC [U] Rep. International
Association of Assembly Managers, Incorporated John William
Pritchett, Athens-Clarke County Fire Department, GA [E] Ed Roether,
HOK SVE, MO [U] Karl G. Ruling, Entertainment Services &
Technology Assn., NY [U] Rep. US Institute for Theatre Technology
Philip R. Sherman, Philip R. Sherman, PE, NH [SE] Jeffrey S. Tubbs,
Arup Fire, MA [SE] Daniel R. Victor, Interkal, LLC, MI [M] Rep.
National School Supply & Equipment Assn. Paul L. Wertheimer,
Crowd Management Strategies, IL [SE]
Alternate Gene Boecker, Code Consultants, Incorporated, MO [U]
Alt. to Gregory R. Miller David Cook, Ralph Gerdes Consultants,
LLC, IN [SE] Alt. to Ralph Gerdes Jerrold S. Gorrell, City of
Phoenix, AZ [U] Alt. to Karl G. Ruling Mike Hayward, Little Tikes
Commercial Play Systems Incorporated, MO [M] Alt. to Keith C.
Nagelski Eugene Leitermann, Theatre Projects Consultants,
Incorporated, CT [SE] Alt. to William Conner Vern T. Lewis, Church
of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, UT [U] Alt. to Vern L.
Martindale Steven J. Scandaliato, Scandaliato Design Group,
Incorporated, CO [IM] Alt. to Roland J. Huggins Stephen V. Skalko,
Portland Cement Association, GA [M] Alt. to Joseph J. Messersmith
Mark V. Smith, Gainesville Fire Rescue Department, FL [E] Alt. to
John Lake Robert B. Treiber, National Fire Sprinkler Association,
Incorporated, OH [M] Alt. to Kevin J. Kelly Robert J. Wills,
American Iron and Steel Institute, AL [M] Alt. to Jonathan
Humble
Staff Liaison: Ron Cot
Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary
responsibility for documents on protection of human life and
property from fire and other circumstances capable of producing
similar consequences, and on the
101-2
Report on Proposals Copyright, NFPA NFPA 101nonemergency and
emergency movement of people in assembly occupancies, tents, and
membrane structures.
Report of the Committee on Board and Care Facilities
(SAF-BCF)
Chair Philip R. Jose, US Department of Veterans Affairs, NY [U]
Rep. US Department of Veterans Affairs
Secretary (Staff-NV) Gregory E. Harrington, National Fire
Protection Association, MA
Principal Gregory J. Austin, Gentex Corporation, MI [M] Rep.
National Electrical Manufacturers Association Warren D. Bonisch,
Schirmer Engineering Corporation, TX [I] Harry L. Bradley, Maryland
State Fire Marshals Office, MD [E] Rep. International Fire Marshals
Association Philip C. Favro, Philip C. Favro & Associates, CA
[SE] Laura A. Hoffman, Volunteer State Community College, TN [SE]
Kenneth E. Isman, National Fire Sprinkler Association, NY [M] David
Ray Kiely, The Charles Lea Center, SC [U] Rep. American Network of
Community Options & Resources James K. Lathrop, Koffel
Associates, Incorporated, CT [SE] Paul E. Patty, Underwriters
Laboratories Incorporated, IL [RT] Francis G. Reuer, US Department
of Health & Human Services, CO [E]
Voting Alternate Harold E. Nelson, Hughes Associates,
Incorporated, VA [SE]
Alternate Kerry M. Bell, Underwriters Laboratories Incorporated,
IL [RT] Alt. to Paul E. Patty Oystein (Sam) F. Husoe, National Fire
Sprinkler Association, CA [M] Alt. to Kenneth E. Isman Cindy Mahan,
Friendship Community Care, Incorporated, AR [U] Alt. to David Ray
Kiely James W. Rice, US Department of Veterans Affairs, MI [U] Alt.
to Philip R. Jose James F. Woodford, Tyco/SimplexGrinnell, MA [M]
Alt. to Gregory J. Austin Mayer D. Zimmerman, US Departnent of
Health & Human Services, MD [E] Alt. to Francis G. Reuer
Staff Liaison: Gregory E. Harrington
Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary
responsibility for documents on protection of human life and
property from fire and other circumstances capable of producing
similar consequences, and on the emergency movement of people, in
residential board and care facilities.
Report of the Committee onBuilding Service and Fire Protection
Equipment (SAF-BSF)
Chair Richard L. Klinker, Klinker & Associates,
Incorporated, MD [SE]
Secretary (Staff-NV) Gregory E. Harrington, National Fire
Protection Association, MA
Principal Keith A. Ball, Tyco/SimplexGrinnell, FL [M] Rep.
National Electrical Manufacturers Association Harry L. Bradley,
Maryland State Fire Marshals Office, MD [E] Rep. International Fire
Marshals Association Pat D. Brock, Oklahoma State University, OK
[SE] Phillip A. Brown, American Fire Sprinkler Association,
Incorporated, TX [IM] Paul M. Donga, Boston Fire Department, MA [E]
Edward A. Donoghue, Edward A. Donoghue Associates, Incorporated, NY
[M] Rep. National Elevator Industry Incorporated Kenneth E. Isman,
National Fire Sprinkler Association, NY [M] Joseph M. Jardin, New
York City Fire Department, NY [C] Rep. NFPA Fire Service Section
Ignatius Kapalczynski, Connecticut Department of Public Safety , CT
[E] David P. Klein, US Department of Veterans Affairs, MD [U]
Dennis A. Lockard, Newport Beach Fire Department, CA [E] Rep.
Western Fire Chiefs Association Roger L. McDaniel, Florida
Department of Corrections, FL [U] James M. Mundry, Jr. Siemens
Building Technology Incorporated, NY [M] Rep. Automatic Fire Alarm
Association, IncorporatedRichard R. Osman, Schirmer Engineering
Corporation, IL [I] Dinesh K. Patel, US Department of the Navy, CA
[U] Martin H. Reiss, The RJA Group, Incorporated, MA [SE]
James Tizzano, Township of Old Bridge, NJ [E]William A. Webb,
Performance Technology Consulting, Limited, IL [SE] Carl Dewayne
Wren, Austin Fire Department, TX [E] Alternate Lisa Marie Bossert,
Schirmer Engineering Corporation, NC [I] Alt. to Richard R. Osman
James D. Brown, Oklahoma State Universtiy, OK [SE] Alt. to Pat D.
Brock Davie J. Camp, Thyssen Krupp Elevator, TN [M] Alt. to Edward
A. Donoghue Greg Gottlieb, Hauppauge Fire District, NY [C] Alt. to
Joseph M. Jardin Claudia Hagood, Klinker and Associates,
Incorporated, MD [SE] Alt. to Richard L. Klinker Thomas P.
Hammerberg, Automatic Fire Alarm Association, Incorporated, FL [M]
Alt. to James M. Mundy Kevin J. Kelly, National Fire Sprinkler
Association, NY [M] Alt. to Kenneth E. Isman Peter A. Larrimer, US
Department of Veterans Affairs, PA [U] Alt. to David P. Klein
Randolph W. Tucker, The RJA Group, Incorporated, TX [SE] Alt. to
Martin H. Reiss
Staff Liaison: Gregory E. Harrington
Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary
responsibility for documents on the application of fire protection
systems including detection, alarm, and suppression, and the life
safety impact of various building systems.
Report of the Committee onDetention and Correctional Occupancies
(SAF-DET)
Chair Thomas W. Jaeger, Gage-Babcock & Associates,
Incorporated, VA [SE]
Secretary (Staff-NV) Ron Cot, National Fire Protection
Association, MA
Principal James R. Ambrose, Code Consultants, Incorporated, MO
[SE] David L. Bondor, St. Paul Fire and Marine, TX [I] Rep.
American Society of Safety Engineers Peter J. Collins, US
Department of Justice, DC [U] Michael DiMascio, Solutions
Engineering Incorporated, MA [SE] Randy Gaw, Correctional Service
of Canada, Canada [E] Patrick G. Gordon, Philadelphia Prison
System, PA [U] Timothy (T.J.) Gottwalt, ESSEX Industries,
Incorporated, CT [M] Rep. Builders Hardware Manufacturers
Association Kenneth E. Isman, National Fire Sprinkler Association,
NY [M] William E. Koffel, Koffel Associates, Incorporated, MD [SE]
Roger L. McDaniel, Florida Department of Corrections, FL [U] Jack
McNamara, Bosch Security Systems, NY [M] Rep. National Electrical
Manufacturers Association E. Eugene Miller, Washington, DC [SE]
Jerry Nealy, Cumulus Fibres, Incorporated, NC [M] Rep.
Institutional Bedding Manufacturers Association Brian C. Pavey,
Folger Adam Security Incorporated, IL [M] Robert R. Perry, Robert
Perry Associates Incorporated, IL [M] Rep. Door & Hardware
Institute Kenneth J. Schwartz, Schirmer Engineering Corporation, IL
[I] Wayne S. Smith, Texas State Fire Marshal, TX [E] Rep.
International Fire Marshals Association David W. Spence,
Corrections Corporation of America, TN [U]
Alternate A. Larry Iseminger, Jr., Maryland State Fire Marshals
Office, MD [E] Alt. to Wayne S. Smith Kevin J. Kelly, National Fire
Sprinkler Association, NY [M] Alt. to Kenneth E. Isman Kurt A.
Roeper, Ingersoll Rand Security and Safety, OH [M] Alt. to Timothy
(T.J.) Gottwalt Ralph R. Winter, Code Consultants, Incorporated, MO
[SE] Alt. to James R. Ambrose John Younghusband, Schirmer
Engineering Corporation, CA [I] Alt. to Kenneth J. Schwartz
Staff Liaison: Ron Cot
Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary
responsibility for documents on protection of human life and
property from fire and other circumstances capable of producing
similar consequences, and on the emergency movement of people in
detention and correctional occupancies.
101-3
Report on Proposals Copyright, NFPA NFPA 101Report of the
Committee on
Educational and Day-Care Occupancies (SAF-END)
Chair Catherine L. Stashak, Schirmer Engineering Corporation, IL
[I]
Secretary (Staff-NV) Ron Cot, National Fire Protection
Association, MA
Principal Scott R. Bartlett, Tyco/SimplexGrinnell, MA [M]Samuel
S. Dannaway, S. S. Dannaway Associates, Incorporated, HI [SE]Victor
L. Dubrowski, Code Consultants, Incorporated, MO [SE]Douglas R.
Freels, Performance Design Technologies, TN [SE]Dominick G. Kass,
National Fire Sprinkler Association, NY [M]Vern L. Martindale,
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, UT [U] Erin A. M.
Oneisom, US Air Force, AE [U] Michael L. Sinsigalli, Windsor Locks
Fire Department, CT [E] Aleksy L. Szachnowicz, Anne Arundel County
Public Schools, MD [U] Robert T. Trotter, Franklin Fire Department,
TN [E] Ralph J. Warburton, University of Miami, FL [SE] Kenneth
Wood, Office of the Illinois State Fire Marshal, IL [E]
Alternate Kevin J. Kelly, National Fire Sprinkler Association,
NY [M] Alt. to Dominick G. Kass Amy J. Murdock, Code Consultants,
Incorporated, MO [SE] Alt. to Victor L. Dubrowski Roger B. Rudy,
Performance Design Technologies, LLC, TN [SE] Alt. to Douglas R.
Freels Fred K. Walker, US Department of the Air Force, FL [U] Alt.
to Erin A. M. Oneisom
Staff Liaison: Ron Cot
Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary
responsibility for documents on protection of human life and
property from fire and other circumstances capable of producing
similar consequences, and on the emergency movement of people in
educational occupancies and day-care occupancies.
Report of the Committee onFire Protection Features (SAF-FIR)
Chair Eric R. Rosenbaum, Hughes Associates, Incorporated, MD
[SE]
Secretary (Staff-NV) Milosh T. Puchovsky, National Fire
Protection Association, MA
Principal Carl F. Baldassarra, Schirmer Engineering Corporation,
IL [I] John F. Bender, Maryland Office of State Fire Marshal, MD
[E] Rep. International Fire Marshals Association Robert M.
Berhinig, Underwriters Laboratories Incorporated, IL [RT] Gregory
J. Cahanin, St. Petersburg, FL [U] Rep. Louisiana State Firemen s
Association Paul L. Dove, City of Coldwater Fire Department, MI [E]
Brian L. Eklow, Aon Risk Consultants, IL [I] Sam W. Francis,
American Forest & Paper Association, PA [M] Ralph Gerdes, Ralph
Gerdes Consultants, LLC, IN [SE] Donald Murray Goff, Hillsborough
County Fire Rescue, FL [E] Rep. Florida Fire Marshals &
Inspectors Association Wayne D. Holmes, HSB Professional Loss
Control, CT [I] Jonathan Humble, American Iron and Steel Institute,
CT [M] Ignatius Kapalczynski, Connecticut Department of Public
Safety , CT [E] Waseem A. Khan, Brick Industry Association, VA [M]
Marshall A. Klein, Marshall A. Klein & Associates,
Incorporated, MD [SE] William E. Koffel, Koffel Associates,
Incorporated, MD [M] Rep. Glazing Industry Code Committee Vickie J.
Lovell, InterCode Incorporated, FL [M] Rep. Air Movement &
Control Association Jeffrey A. Maddox, The RJA Group, Incorporated,
CA [SE] John W. McCormick, Code Consultants, Incorporated, MO [SE]
Joseph J. Messersmith, Jr., Portland Cement Association, VA [M]
Kurt A. Roeper, Ingersoll Rand Security and Safety, OH [M] Rep.
Steel Door Institute Kathleen Taraba, Rolling Plains Construction,
Incorporated, CO [IM] Rep. Firestop Contractors International
Association Kenneth Wood, Office of the Illinois State Fire
Marshal, IL [E]
Alternate Donald W. Belles, Koffel Associates, Incorporated, TN
[M] Alt. to William E. Koffel Joseph A. Brooks, Air Movement &
Control Association International, IL [M] Alt. to Vickie J. Lovell
Edward K. Budnick, Hughes Associates, Incorporated, MD [SE] Alt. to
Eric R. Rosenbaum David Cook, Ralph Gerdes Consultants, LLC, IN
[SE] Alt. to Ralph Gerdes John F. Devlin, Schirmer Engineering
Corporation, MD [I] Alt. to Carl F. Baldassarra Jack Gump, HSB
Professional Loss Control, TN [I] Alt. to Wayne D. Holmes David M.
Hammerman, Marshall A. Klein and Associates, Incorporated, MD [SE]
Alt. to Marshall A. Klein Thomas R. Janicak, Ceco Door Products, TN
[M] Alt. to Kurt A. Roeper Mark Kluver, Portland Cement
Association, CA [M] Alt. to Joseph J. Messersmith David A. Lewis,
Code Consultants, Incorporated, MO [SE] Alt. to John W. McCormick
Jon W. Pasqualone, Martin County Board of County Commissioners, FL
[E] Alt. to Donald Murray Goff David P. Tyree, American Forest
& Paper Association, CO [M] Alt. to Sam W. Francis Robert J.
Wills, American Iron and Steel Institute, AL [M] Alt. to Jonathan
Humble
Nonvoting Michael Earl Dillon, Dillon Consulting Engineers,
Incorporated, CA Rep. TC on Air Conditioning
Staff Liaison: Milosh T. Puchovsky
Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary
responsibility for documents on construction compartmentation,
including the performance of assemblies, openings, and
penetrations, as related to the protection of life and property
from fire and other circumstances capable of producing similar
consequences.
Report of the Committee onFundamentals (SAF-FUN)
Chair Morgan J. Hurley, Society of Fire Protection Engineers, MD
[U]
Secretary (Staff-NV) Ron Cot, National Fire Protection
Association, MA
Principal Thomas H. Allen, Smoke Guard Corporation, ID [U] Rep.
American Institute of Architects Robert E. Bachman, Robert E.
Bachman, Consulting Structural Engineer, CA [SE] Rep. National
Council of Structural Engineers Assns. Wayne G. Carson, Carson
Associates, Incorporated, VA [SE] Amy Y. Cheng, Clark County
Department of Development Services, NV [E]James E. Churchill,
Schirmer Engineering Corporation, CA [I]Barbara Ebstein, Vinick
Associates, Incorporated, CT [U] Rep. American Society of Interior
Designers Ben Greene, City of Englewood, CO [E] Howard Hopper,
Underwriters Laboratories Incorporated, CA [RT] David P. Klein, US
Department of Veterans Affairs, MD [U] James A. Landmesser, US
Department of Energy, TN [E] James K. Lathrop, Koffel Associates,
Incorporated, CT [SE] Jake Pauls, Jake Pauls Consulting Services in
Building Use & Safety, MD [C] Rep. American Public Health
Association Stephen V. Skalko, Portland Cement Association, GA [M]
Rep. Portland Cement Association Jeffrey B. Stone, American Forest
& Paper Association, FL [M] Victoria B. Valentine, National
Fire Sprinkler Association, NY [M] John M. Watts, Jr., Fire Safety
Institute, VT [SE] Robert J. Wills, American Iron and Steel
Institute, AL [M] Steven F. Wydeveld, Will County Land Use, IL
[E]
101-4
Report on Proposals Copyright, NFPA NFPA 101Voting Alternate
Rick Thornberry, The Code Consortium, Incorporated, CA [M] Voting
Alt. to W.R. Grace Rep.
Alternate Eugene A. Cable, US Department of Veterans Affairs, NY
[U] Alt. to David P. Klein Robert M. Carasitti, Schirmer
Engineering Corporation, MA [I] Alt. to James E. Churchill Robert
J. Eugene, Underwriters Laboratories Incorporated, WA [RT] Alt. to
Howard Hopper Jonathan Humble, American Iron and Steel Institute,
CT [M] Alt. to Robert J. Wills Mark Kluver, Portland Cement
Association, CA [M] Alt. to Stephen V. Skalko John V. Loscheider,
Loscheider Engineering Company, WA [SE] Alt. to Robert E. Bachman
Kimberly A. Marks, The Marks Design Group, Incorporated, TX [U]
Alt. to Barbara Ebstein Eric N. Mayl, Koffel Associates,
Incorporated, MD [SE] Alt. to James K. Lathrop Rodney A. McPhee,
Canadian Wood Council, Canada [M] Alt. to Jeffrey B. Stone
Nonvoting Pichaya Chantranuwat, Fusion Consultants Co.
Limited/Thailand, Thailand [SE]
Staff Liaison: Ron Cot
Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary
responsibility for documents on the basic goals, objectives,
performance requirements, and definitions for protection of human
life and property from fire, earthquake, flood, wind, and other
circumstances capable of producing similar consequences and on the
nonemergency and emergency movement of people.
Report of the Committee on Furnishings and Contents
(SAF-FUR)
Chair William E. Fitch, Omega Point Laboratories Incorporated,
TX [RT]
Secretary (Staff-NV) Milosh T. Puchovsky, National Fire
Protection Association, MA
Principal Vytenis Babrauskas, Fire Science and Technology
Incorporated, WA [SE] Lisa Bonneville, Bonneville Design, MA [U]
Rep. American Society of Interior Designers Eugene A. Cable, US
Department of Veterans Affairs, NY [U] Frederic B. Clarke, Benjamin
Clarke Associates, Incorporated, VA [SE] Paul Dillon, Southern
Polytechnic State University, GA [M] Pravinray D. Gandhi,
Underwriters Laboratories Incorporated, IL [RT] Marcelo M.
Hirschler, GBH International, CA [SE] E. Ken McIntosh, Carpet and
Rug Institute, GA [M] T. Hugh Talley, Hugh Talley Company, TN [M]
Rep. American Furniture Manufacturers Association
Alternate James K. Lathrop, Koffel Associates, Incorporated, CT
[M] Alt. to E. Ken McIntosh James V. Ryan, Potomac, MD [SE] Alt. to
Frederic B. Clarke Shelley Siegel, Accessible Interiors Network,
Incorporated, FL [U] Alt. to Lisa Bonneville
Nonvoting Hammad Malik, US Consumer Product Safety Commission,
MD [C]
Staff Liaison: Milosh T. Puchovsky
Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary
responsibility for documents on limiting the impact of furnishings
and building contents effect on protection of human life and
property from fire and other circumstances capable of producing
similar consequences and on the emergency movement of people.
Report of the Committee onHealth Care Occupancies (SAF-HEA)
Chair Daniel J. OConnor, Schirmer Engineering Corporation, IL
[I]
Secretary (Staff-NV) Ron Cot, National Fire Protection
Association, MA
Principal James R. Ambrose, Code Consultants, Incorporated, MO
[SE]William N. Brooks, Eichleay Engineers, Incorporated, PA
[SE]Kenneth E. Bush, Maryland State Fire Marshals Office, MD [E]
Rep. International Fire Marshals Association Wayne G. Carson,
Carson Associates, Incorporated, VA [SE] Robert J. Carubia, Jr.,
West Virginia University Hospitals, WV [U] Michael A. Crowley, The
RJA Group, Incorporated, TX [SE] Samuel S. Dannaway, S. S. Dannaway
Associates, Incorporated, HI [SE] Rep. American Society of Safety
Engineers Buddy Dewar, National Fire Sprinkler Association, FL [M]
Douglas S. Erickson, American Society for Healthcare Engineering,
VI [U] Kenneth S. Faulstich, US Department of Veterans Affairs , DC
[U] John E. Fishbeck, Joint Commission on Accreditation of
Healthcare Organizations, IL [E] Antonio Freire, Axa Courtage,
France [I] Donald W. Harris, California Office of Health Planning
& Development, CA [E] Thomas W. Jaeger, Gage-Babcock &
Associates, Incorporated, VA [U] Rep. American Health Care
Association Ronald K. Mengel, Honeywell Fire Solutions/System
Sensor, IL [M] Rep. National Electrical Manufacturers Association
John I. Mills, Beery, Rio & Associates, VA [SE] Kirby W. Perry,
Kirby W. Perry Architects & Associates Incorporated, TX [SE]
Rep. American Institute of Architects Peter P. Petresky,
Pennsylvania Department of Health, PA [E] Rep. Association of
Health Facility Survey Agencies Brian Prediger, US Department of
the Army, MD [U] David M. Sine, David M. Sine & Associates, CA
[U] Rep. National Association of Psychiatric Health Systems George
F. Stevens, US Department of Health & Human Services, AZ [E]
Mayer D. Zimmerman, US Departnent of Health & Human Services,
MD [E]
Alternate James H. Antell, The RJA Group, Incorporated, IL [SE]
Alt. to Michael A. Crowley John F. Deubler, Schirmer Engineering
Corporation, VA [I] Alt. to Daniel J. OConnor Lori B. Dinney, Code
Consultants, Incorporated, MO [SE] Alt. to James R. Ambrose Michael
R. Durst, National Fire Sprinkler Association, CO [M] Alt. to Buddy
Dewar J. Richard Fruth, Hayes Large Architects, PA [SE] Alt. to
Kirby W. Perry Philip R. Jose, US Department of Veterans Affairs,
NY [U] Alt. to Kenneth S. Faulstich William E. Koffel, Koffel
Associates, Incorporated, MD [U] Alt. to Douglas S. Erickson
Nonvoting Pichaya Chantranuwat, Fusion Consultants Co.
Limited/Thailand, Thailand [SE]
Staff Liaison: Ron Cot
Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary
responsibility for documents on protection of human life and
property from fire and other circumstances capable of producing
similar consequences, and on the emergency movement of people, in
health care occupancies.
Report of the Committee onIndustrial, Storage, and Miscellaneous
Occupancies (SAF-IND)
Chair Wayne D. Holmes, HSB Professional Loss Control, CT [I]
Secretary (Staff-NV) Milosh T. Puchovsky, National Fire
Protection Association, MA
Principal John A. Alderman, RRS Engineering, TX [SE] Rep.
American Society of Safety Engineers Thomas L. Allison,
Westinghouse Savannah River Co., SC [U] Raymond E. Arntson, Rayden
Research LLC, WI [SE]
101-5
Report on Proposals Copyright, NFPA NFPA 101Donald C. Birchler,
FP&C Consultants Incorporated, MO [SE] Howard M. Bucci, US
Department of Energy, WA [U] Charles E. Doody, Canton Fire
Department, MA [E] John F. Farney, Jr., Sargent & Lundy
Engineers, IL [SE] Larry L. Fluer, Fluer, Incorporated, CA [M] Rep.
Compressed Gas Association Larry N. Garrett, Delphi Corporation, IN
[U] Rep. NFPA Industrial Fire Protection Section James Golinveaux,
Tyco Fire Products, RI [M] Rep. American Fire Sprinkler Association
Bruce W. Hisley, Fairfield, PA [E] Rep. International Fire Marshals
Association Jonathan Humble, American Iron and Steel Institute, CT
[M] Ronald Keefer, Menlo Park Fire Protection District, CA [E]
Marshall A. Klein, Marshall A. Klein & Associates,
Incorporated, MD [U] Rep. Automotive Oil Change Association Neal W.
Krantz, LVC Technologies, Incorporated, MI [IM] Rep. Automatic Fire
Alarm Association, Incorporated Richard S. Kraus, Petroleum Safety
Consultants, VA [U] Rep. American Petroleum Institute
Raymond W. Lonabaugh, National Fire Sprinkler Association, PA
[M] Patrick A. McLaughlin, McLaughlin & Associates, RI [U] Rep.
Semiconductor Industry Association Milton L. Norsworthy, Arch
Chemicals, Incorporated, TN [M] Anthony M. Ordile, Loss Control
Associates, Incorporated, PA [SE] Rep. TC on Storage and
Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Phani K. Raj,
Technology & Management Systems, Incorporated, MA [SE] Rep. TC
on Liquefied Petroleum Gases William J. Satterfield, III, Hydrogen
Safety, LLC/Rode & Associates, LLC, RI [SE] Jeffrey M. Shapiro,
International Code Consultants, TX [M] Rep. The Chlorine Institute
Stephen V. Skalko, Portland Cement Association, GA [M] Cleveland B.
Skinker, Bechtel Power Corporation, MD [SE] Bruce J. Swiecicki,
National Propane Gas Association, IL [IM] David C. Tabar, The
Sherwin-Williams Company, OH [U] Samuel Vanover, Jefferson Parish
Fire Department, LA [E] Rep. TC on Hazardous Chemicals Carl Dewayne
Wren, Austin Fire Department, TX [E]
Alternate Clarence D. (Dale) Eggen, US Department of Energy, WA
[U] Alt. to Howard M. Bucci Daniel J. Gengler, National Fire
Sprinkler Association, WI [M] Alt. to Raymond W. Lonabaugh Jack
Gump, HSB Professional Loss Control, TN [I] Alt. to Wayne D. Holmes
David M. Hammerman, Marshall A. Klein and Associates, Incorporated,
MD [U] Alt. to Marshall A. Klein Roland J. Huggins, American Fire
Sprinkler Association, Incorporated, TX [M] Alt. to James
Golinveaux Mark Kluver, Portland Cement Association, CA [M] Alt. to
Stephen V. Skalko William E. Koffel, Koffel Associates,
Incorporated, MD [U] Alt. to Patrick A. McLaughlin Michael E.
Lyden, The Chlorine Institute, Incorporated, VA [M] Alt. to Jeffrey
M. Shapiro Todd D. Matteson, Westinghouse Savannah River Company,
SC [U] Alt. to Thomas L. Allison David J. Repasky, The
Sherwin-Williams Company, OH [U] Alt. to David C. Tabar Roberto
Lozano Rosales, Delphi Corporation, TX [U] Alt. to Larry N. Garrett
Roger A. Smith, Compressed Gas Association, Incorporated, VA [M]
Alt. to Larry L. Fluer Robert J. Wills, American Iron and Steel
Institute, AL [M] Alt. to Jonathan Humble
Staff Liaison: Milosh T. Puchovsky
Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary
responsibility for documents on protection of human life and
property from fire and other circumstances capable of producing
similar consequences, and on the emergency movement of people, in
industrial and storage occupancies, special structures, windowless
and underground buildings, and high-rise buildings.
Report of the Committee onMeans of Egress (SAF-MEA)
Chair David A. de Vries, Firetech Engineering Incorporated, IL
[SE]
Secretary (Staff-NV) Ron Cot, National Fire Protection
Association, MA
Principal John L. Barrios, Department of Business and Community
Services, FL [E] Rep. Southern Building Code Congress International
Incorporated/International Code Council, Inc.John L. Bryan,
Frederick, MD [SE] Kenneth E. Bush, Maryland State Fire Marshals
Office, MD [E] Rep. International Fire Marshals Association Davie
J. Camp, Thyssen Krupp Elevator, TN [M] Rep. National Elevator
Industry Incorporated Steven Di Pilla, ACE USA/ESIS Risk Control
Services, NJ [I] Rep. American Society of Safety Engineers Joshua
W. Elvove, US Department of Veterans Affairs, CO [U] Philip C.
Favro, Philip C. Favro & Associates, CA [SE] Edward L. Fixen,
Schirmer Engineering Corporation, CA [I] David Frable, US General
Services Administration, IL [U] Rita C. Guest, Carson Guest,
Incorporated, GA [U] Rep. American Society of Interior Designers
Billy G. Helton, Lithonia Emergency Systems, GA [M] Rep. National
Electrical Manufacturers Association William E. Koffel, Koffel
Associates, Incorporated, MD [SE] Lawrence J. McGinty, US Central
Intelligence Agency, DC [U] Wayne Menuz, Underwriters Laboratories
Incorporated, CA [RT] Richard A. Morris, National Association of
Home Builders, DC [U] Jake Pauls, Jake Pauls Consulting Services in
Building Use & Safety, MD [C] Rep. American Public Health
Association Robert R. Perry, Robert Perry Associates Incorporated,
IL [M] Rep. Door & Hardware Institute Eric R. Rosenbaum, Hughes
Associates, Incorporated, MD [SE] Leslie Strull, The RJA Group,
Incorporated, IL [SE] Michael Tierney, Builders Hardware
Manufacturers Association, CT [M] Michael D. Tomy, Heery
International Incorporated, GA [SE] Rep. American Institute of
Architects Joseph H. Versteeg, Versteeg Associates, CT [E] Rep.
Fairfield CT Fire Marshal s Office
Alternate John R. Battles, International Code Council, AL [E]
Alt. To John L. Barrios Charles H. Berry, US Department of Veterans
Affairs, MD [U] Alt. to Joshua W. Elvove Warren D. Bonisch,
Schirmer Engineering Corporation, TX [I] Alt. to Edward L. Fixen
Edward A. Donoghue, Edward A. Donoghue Associates, Incorporated, NY
[M] Alt. to Davie J. Camp Barbara Ebstein, Vinick Associates,
Incorporated, CT [U] Alt. to Rita C. Guest David A. Gilda, Builders
Hardware Manufacturers Association, PA [M] Alt. To Michael
TierneyJames K. Lathrop, Koffel Associates, Incorporated, CT [SE]
Alt. to William E. Koffel R. T. Leicht, State of Delaware, DE [E]
Alt. to Kenneth E. Bush James A. Milke, University of Maryland, MD
[SE] Alt. to John L. Bryan Brian T. Rhodes, Hughes Associates,
Incorporated, MD [SE] Alt. to Eric R. Rosenbaum Roy W.
Schwarzenberg, US Central Intelligence Agency, DC [U] Alt. to
Lawrence J. McGinty Michael S. Shulman, Underwriters Laboratories
Incorporated, CA [RT] Alt. to Wayne Menuz
Nonvoting Pichaya Chantranuwat, Fusion Consultants Co.
Limited/Thailand, Thailand [SE]
Staff Liaison: Ron Cot
Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary
responsibility for documents on the general requirements for safe
egress for protection of human life from fire and other
circumstances capable of producing similar consequences and on the
nonemergency and emergency movement of people.
101-6
Report on Proposals Copyright, NFPA NFPA 101Report of the
Committee on
Mercantile and Business Occupancies (SAF-MER)
Chair Ed Schultz, Code Consultants, Incorporated, MO [SE]
Secretary (Staff-NV) Milosh T. Puchovsky, National Fire
Protection Association, MA
Principal David M. Banwarth, David M. Banwarth Associates, LLC,
MD [SE] E. Joseph Bocci, US Department of the Treasury, DC [U]
Kenneth E. Bush, Maryland State Fire Marshals Office, MD [E] Rep.
International Fire Marshals Association David A. Dodge, Safety and
Forensic Consulting, ME [SE] Rep. American Society of Safety
Engineers Sam W. Francis, American Forest & Paper Association,
PA [M] Douglas R. Freels, Performance Design Technologies, TN [SE]
Daniel J. Gauvin, Tyco/SimplexGrinnell, MA [M] Rep. National
Electrical Manufacturers Association William Hiotaky, The Taubman
Company, MI [U] Wayne D. Holmes, HSB Professional Loss Control, CT
[I] Jonathan Humble, American Iron and Steel Institute, CT [M]
Michael J. Laderoute, MJL Associates, Incorporated, VA [M] Rep.
Fire Equipment Manufacturers Association Brian L. Marburger, St.
Paul Fire & Marine Insurance Company, IL [I] Richard V. Moon,
Insurance Services Office, Incorporated, NJ [I] Lawrence G. Perry,
Building Owners & Managers Association International, MD [U]
Steven E. Randall, National Fire Sprinkler Association, FL [M]
Sheldon S. Rucinski, Schirmer Engineering Corporation, IL [I] David
C. Tabar, The Sherwin-Williams Company, OH [U] Rick Thornberry, The
Code Consortium, Incorporated, CA [SE] William J. Tomes, TVA Fire
and Life Safety, Incorporated, GA [U] Rep. The Home Depot
Alternate Tracey D. Bellamy, TVA Fire and Life Safety,
Incorporated, GA [U] Alt. to William J. Tomes Darryl Thomas Brown,
Performance Design Technologies, TN [SE] Alt. to Douglas R. Freels
Lawrence G. Danielkiewicz, The Taubman Company, MI [U] Alt. to
William Hiotaky Jack Gump, HSB Professional Loss Control, TN [I]
Alt. to Wayne D. Holmes Raymond W. Lonabaugh, National Fire
Sprinkler Association, PA [M] Alt. to Steven E. Randall Patrick A.
McLaughlin, McLaughlin & Associates, RI [U] Alt. to David C.
Tabar Richard R. Osman, Schirmer Engineering Corporation, IL [I]
Alt. to Sheldon S. Rucinski Dennis L. Pitts, American Forest &
Paper Association, TX [M] Alt. to Sam W. Francis Terry Schultz,
Code Consultants, Incorporated, MO [SE] Alt. to Ed Schultz Robert
J. Wills, American Iron and Steel Institute, AL [M] Alt. to
Jonathan Humble
Staff Liaison: Milosh T. Puchovsky
Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary
responsibility for documents on protection of human life and
property from fire and other circumstances capable of producing
similar consequences, and for the emergency movement of people, in
mercantile and business occupancies.
Report of the Committee onResidential Occupancies (SAF-RES)
Chair James K. Lathrop, Koffel Associates, Incorporated, CT
[SE]
Secretary (Staff-NV) Gregory E. Harrington, National Fire
Protection Association, MA
Principal Warren D. Bonisch, Schirmer Engineering Corporation,
TX [I] H. Wayne Boyd, US Safety & Engineering Corporation, CA
[M] Harry L. Bradley, Maryland State Fire Marshals Office, MD [E]
Rep. International Fire Marshals Association Phillip A. Brown,
American Fire Sprinkler Association, Incorporated, TX [IM] James J.
Convery, Gage-Babcock & Associates, Incorporated, VA [SE]
Matthew D. Dobson, Society of the Plastics Industry, DC [U] Rep.
National Association of Home Builders Sam W. Francis, American
Forest & Paper Association, PA [M] Ralph Gerdes, Ralph Gerdes
Consultants, LLC, IN [SE]
Robert Howe, Vermont Department of Labor & Industry, VT [E]
Rep. National Association of State Fire Marshals Kenneth E. Isman,
National Fire Sprinkler Association, NY [M] Marshall A. Klein,
Marshall A. Klein & Associates, Incorporated, MD [SE] Joseph J.
Messersmith, Jr., Portland Cement Association, VA [M] Ronald G.
Nickson, National Multi Housing Council, DC [U]Erin A. M. Oneisom,
US Air Force, AE [U] Jake Pauls, Jake Pauls Consulting Services in
Building Use & Safety, MD [C] Rep. American Public Health
Association Peter Puhlick, University of Connecticut, CT [U] Jim
Ray, Marriott International, Incorporated, DC [U] Rep. American
Hotel & Lodging Association Alan Robinson, Tuan and Robinson,
Structural Engineers, Incorporated, CA [E] Rep. National Institute
of Building Sciences/BSSC John A. Sharry, Beakmann Properties, TX
[U] T. Hugh Talley, Hugh Talley Company, TN [M] Rep. American
Furniture Manufacturers Association
Voting Alternate Byron L. Briese, The RJA Group, Incorporated,
VA [U] Voting Alt. to NFPA/LIS Rep.Greg Gottlieb, Hauppauge Fire
District, NY [C] Voting Alt. to NFPA/FSS Rep.
Alternate Carl F. Baldassarra, Schirmer Engineering Corporation,
IL [I] Alt. to Warren D. Bonisch James R. Bell, Marriott
International, Incorporated, DC [U] Alt. to Jim Ray David Cook,
Ralph Gerdes Consultants, LLC, IN [SE] Alt. to Ralph Gerdes David
M. Hammerman, Marshall A. Klein and Associates, Incorporated, MD
[SE] Alt. to Marshall A. Klein Stanley C. Harbuck, School of
Building Inspection, UT [C] Alt. to Jake Pauls Mark Kluver,
Portland Cement Association, CA [M] Alt. to Joseph J. Messersmith
Donald J. Pamplin, National Fire Sprinkler Association, WA [M] Alt.
to Kenneth E. Isman Dennis L. Pitts, American Forest & Paper
Association, TX [M] Alt. to Sam W. Francis Fred K. Walker, US
Department of the Air Force, FL [U] Alt. to Erin A. M. Oneisom
Staff Liaison: Gregory E. Harrington
Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary
responsibility for documents on protection of human life and
property from fire and other circumstances capable of producing
similar consequences, and on the emergency movement of people, in
hotels, dormitories, apartments, lodging and rooming houses, and
one-and two-family dwellings.
These lists represent the membership at the time the Committee
was balloted on the text of this edition. Since that time, changes
in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is
found at the front of this book.
The Report of the Committee on Safety to Life is presented for
adoption, as follows:
The Reports were prepared by the:
Technical Correlating Committee on Safety to Life (SAF-AAC)
Technical Committee on Assembly Occupancies and Membrane
Structures
(SAF-AXM) Technical Committee on Board and Care Facilities
(SAF-BCF) Technical Committee on Building Service and Fire
Protection Equipment
(SAF-BSF) Technical Committee on Detention and Correctional
Occupancies (SAF-
DET) Technical Committee on Educational and Day-Care Occupancies
(SAF-
END) Technical Committee on Fire Protection Features (SAF-FIR)
Technical Committee on Fundamentals (SAF-FUN) Technical Committee
on Furnishings and Contents (SAF-FUR) Technical Committee on Health
Care Occupancies (SAF-HEA) Technical Committee on Industrial,
Storage, and Miscellaneous
Occupancies (SAF-IND) Technical Committee on Means of Egress
(SAF-MEA) Technical Committee on Mercantile and Business
Occupancies (SAF-
MER) Technical Committee on Residential Occupancies
(SAF-RES)
The Technical Committee proposes for adoption, amendments to
NFPA 101, Life Safety Code, 2003 edition. NFPA 101-2003 is
published in Volume 6 of the 2003 National Fire Codes and in
separate pamphlet form.
101-7
Report on Proposals Copyright, NFPA NFPA 101 NFPA 101 has been
submitted to letter ballot of the applicable Safety to Life
Committees. The results of the balloting, after circulation of any
negative votes, can be found in the report.
NFPA 101 has also been submitted to letter ballot of the
Technical Correlating Committee on Safety to Life, which consists
of 11 voting members; of whom 7 voted affirmatively, 1 negatively
after circulation of negative ballots (Pauls), and 3 ballots were
not returned (Bukowski, Gibbs, Mengel).
Mr. Pauls voted negatively on Proposal 101-591 stating:The
Mercantile TC has not justified a special exemption applying to
occupancies under its purview (Mercantile and Business). The
substantiations provided for accepting the proposals are not only
poorly founded or incorrect; they are of a general naturedealing
with factors that have been taken into account by the Means of
Egress TC in accepting proposals NFPA 101-107 and NFPA 5000-526 and
intended to apply to all occupancies for the high-population stair
widths. (For example, the phrase served by the stairway is current
code language on the minimum stair width issue; moreover, the
comment about low-rise buildings of high occupant load is mistaken
because such buildingsfor example, serving an assembly
occupancywould already be likely to have wider stairs for their
large populations.) The Mercantile TC has not provided
justification for exempting particular Mercantile and Business
occupancies that are the subject of its proposals.
I believe that the Mercantile TC would not have accepted its
proposals if committee members had been aware of my extensive
responses (reproduced below) to negative ballot comments from Means
of Egress TC members, David Frable and Edward Fixen. My responses
were shared with Means of Egress TC members during their balloting
of the original proposal applying to the Means of Egress chapter
and setting out the basic requirement for all occupancies. It
should also be noted that I had the opportunity to discuss these
issues and share the following responses with the Industrial
Technical Committee when it was contemplating exempting high-rise
buildings from the new requirement; after this the Industrial TC
did not accept an exemption similar to what has been proposed for
Mercantile and Business occupancies by the Mercantile TC. There was
not similar opportunity to discuss the matter with the Mercantile
TC, a fact that I believe resulted in its badly flawed
justification for Proposals NFPA 5000-781 and NFPA 101-591.
Given the problems with the Mercantile TC proposals, I do not
believe that the TCC notes are responsive enough to the proposals
problems or the need for different action on them.
Jake Pauls Response to Negative Ballot Comments of Means of
Egress Technical Committee members David Frable (GSA) and Edward
Fixen (Schirmer Engineering Corporation) submitted as part of the
Technical Committee ballot process on increased minimum exit stair
widths, a public proposal submitted by Jake Pauls and considered by
the NFPA Means of Egress Technical Committee for the NFPA 101, Life
Safety Code, and NFPA 5000, Building Construction and Safety
Code.
Jake Pauls responses are shown in bold italics font below,
interspersed with the Negative Ballot Comments from Mr. Frable and
Mr. Fixen.
Proposal 101-107 Negative Ballot from FixenNeg: While the
technical substantiation merits consideration, it appears that
the fundamental driver for this substantiation is the complete
and uncontrolled evacuation of very tall buildings, as opposed to
staged evacuation currently contemplated by Code. It is premature
to make changes that are not anchored to corresponding fundamental
changes in the Code such as complete evacuation of very tall
buildings. To my knowledge there is no committee consensus on
fundamentally changing the underlying evacuation philosophy of tall
buildings from staged to complete.
This is not a fundamental change as the NFPA codesand all other
model codeshave always regulated minimum stair widths. The changes
proposed simply improve the alignment of the minimum width
requirements to longstanding assumptions about a certain stair
widths facilitating certain kinds of crowd movement, both
unidirectionally and with counterflow.
The 44-inch nominal stair width was based on a mistaken
assumption that two files or columns of people could use the stair
in a shoulder-to-shoulder fashion. This was long enshrined in the
concept of 22-inch units of exit width that NFPA and other code
groups began rejecting in the 1980s. See the substantiation
provided with the proposal for full background on this matter.
Regarding Mr. Fixens contention that there is no committee
consensus, the Means of Egress Technical Committee has now
repeatedly voted (when there were not procedural complications as
happened last cycle with the comment on NFPA 101), supported by
NFPA members, in favor of realigning the minimum width to take
account of the traditional misconception about the 44-inch stair
width and this addresses both staged and complete evacuations
recognizing that both occur in real eventsfires, bombs and bomb
scaresin large buildings.
Mr. Fixen would have a very difficult job selling a code to
professionals and the public today if he argued that the codes were
solely based on a staged evacuation concept to the exclusion of
other evacuation scenarios. What the codes do implicitly is to
cater to evacuation of certain portions of a building in an
implicitly-assumed time but they certainly do not rule out
evacuation of larger portions or the total building in a longer
time. See my full justification, with the proposal, on the benefit
of improved
egress flowand hence evacuation timeperformance due to the fact
that, because of the greater effective width, the increased stair
widths will actually be an additional safety benefit beyond
enhancing two-abreast movement and counterflow.
Although my proposal justification refers to a fundamental
re-examination of minimum egress stair width criteria, it is not a
fundamental re-examination of egress generally and it is merely one
of the simplest ergonomic aspects of the egress issueminimum stair
width. Perhaps my proposal clouded matters slightly by permitting a
few population-based, width steps between the traditional 44-inch
nominal width and the widely recommended nominal width of about 55
inches, specified more clearly as 48 inches clear between
handrails. However, I clearly stated that I would considerwithin
the scope of my proposala code revision applying the wider minimum
width (of 48 inches clear between handrails) even more generally,
for example, such as the Fire Safety Directors Association of
Greater New York have advocated for all high-rise buildings.
Proposal 101-107 Negative Ballot by FrableNeg: At the December
meeting the Technical Committee voted to accept
the subject proposal. However, it is my opinion that the
proponent has not provided sufficient technical substantiation to
justify the new proposed occupant load threshold triggers for the
proposed new stairway width clearances between handrails. Hence
this proposal would not coincide with other quality documents
published by NFPA that are based on sound technical
documentation.
It is remarkable that Mr. Frable can characterize a
substantiation of over 2,700 words, plus a few figures and four
citations to peer-reviewed literature as not being sound technical
documentation especially as the vast majority of accepted proposals
for NFPA documents are not equally justified with technical
information based on decades of study. What does Mr. Frable offer
to counter the proponents substantiation? His opinion and nothing
more. Surely, if the justification were incorrect, a huge
organization like the U.S. General Services Administration and a
highly-placed GSA fire safety official like Mr. Frable could refute
it in similar detail or, at a minimum, would fund and support a
similarly intensive program of research into evacuation and crowd
movement generally such as was described in the proposal
justification.
The proponent also has not provided any substantiation how these
new threshold triggers will improve the overall building safety.
The threshold triggers I am referring to are as follows:
Total Occupant Load Stairway width clear Served by the Stairway
between handrails50 to 149 36 inches150 to 999 40 inches1000 to
1999 44 inches2000 and more 48 inches
There was substantial discussion in the proposal on the
code-related bases for the triggers. This dealt with how the code
has addressed Smoke-Protected Assembly Seating. Admittedly all
scoping requirements are based, ultimately, on judgment calls by
committees and all the other participants in the code-making
processespecially NFPA sas nobody has come up with some
comprehensive, alternative model for doing this. However, in terms
of improvements to certain aspects of safety, the proposal
justification did note various benefits of the wider stairways.
Generally, in terms of evacuation efficiency alone, with each step
in the width table, the larger-population stairways function more
efficientlythan current code capacity rules give creditdue to the
effective-width phenomenon as discussed at length in referenced
chapter of the SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering. The
relative egress flow performance of the four widths in the
reproduced table is: 1.00, 1.17, 1.33 and 1.50. Surely, with larger
populations needing to use stairs for egress, there should be some
greater conservatism in their performance such as accomplished with
the scoping proposed in the reproduced table.
Currently, the 2003 Life Safety Code requires that new stairs
(where the occupant load is 50 or greater) to have a nominal
44-inch wide stair with a 35 inch clear width between handrails
(takes into consideration projections not more than 4 1/2 inches at
or below handrail height). [Please also note that in the 2000
edition of the Life Safety Code new stairs were required (where the
occupant load is 50 or greater) to have a nominal 44 inch wide
stair with a 37 inch clear width between handrails (takes into
consideration projections not more than 3 1/2 inches at or below
handrail height).]
I do concur with the proponent s evacuation data that adults
rarely decent (sic) side by side in a nominal 44-inch wide stair
(i.e., 35 inch clear width between handrails). However, the data
also suggests that the stairs would need to be substantially wider
than proposed. Also, it appears the proponent has not taken into
consideration when determining these arbitrary thresholds that 40%
of the population in North America is seriously overweight.
Is Mr. Frable arguing here that my proposal did not go far
enough? Would GSA fund and support research into the changing
demographics of U.S. government workers, for example, and the
impact on egress capacity rules and egress performance generally
(including the reduced physical capability of seriously overweight
persons to even move significant distances in an evacuation)?
Generally, my proposal offered scope to
101-8
Report on Proposals Copyright, NFPA NFPA 101the Technical
Committee to make the wider minimum stair width apply even more
generally. Will Mr. Frable now support one of the two
more-conservative options for scoping that were noted at the end of
the proposal substantiation? Note also that the Canadian research
(admittedly from a few decades ago from a more-fit nation than the
USA) established that maximum widths between handrails should be
reduced from the traditionally permitted 66 or 88 inches to 60
inches so that everyone on the stairway in a crowd condition could
reach at least one handrail. Is Mr. Frable now prepared to sayand
technically documentthat the most effective stairway widths are in
an even smaller range than the 12 inches between 48 and 60
inches?
The proponent also has hypothesized that this proposal would
address counter-flow issues of evacuees and emergency responders. I
do agree in concept with the proponent that we need to look closer
at this issue, however, whether or not it s 40 inches, 44 inches,
48 inches or some other value is a sufficient width to accommodate
the expected stairway capacity needs to be determined
quantitatively. I believe that choosing these arbitrary threshold
triggers is still too premature prior to a final report being
issued on the World Trade Center. More additional work is required
to develop such methods and to revise minimum Code requirements
such that an integrated systematic approach to fire protection and
egress movement is the norm.
Mr. Frables reference to a final report on the World Trade
Center has been seen before but there is notto my knowledge as a
close observer of the post-911 researchgoing to be any final report
in the near future and I really doubt whether anyone involved with
codes and standards today will live to see a final report on the
World Trade Center. The journalistic, research and litigation
investigations will go on for decades. As noted in the proposal,
from what is known about the studies being performed now, there is
not the kind of ergonomic detail forthcoming that is comparable to
the studies of Fruin, Templer, Pauls and others dealing with crowd
dynamics on stairways. Again, if GSA is really concerned about
this, it could do a lot more than it is doing right now to actually
fund additional studies that should not be restricted to learning
what happened in the World Trade Center. The studies controlled by
NISTunder the extraordinary, temporary (and inadequate) funding for
the World Trade Centerwill, in any event, be available in the fall
of 2004, thus giving Mr. Frable and others ample opportunity to
challenge the acceptance of this proposal on wider minimum stairway
widths at the May 2005 meeting of the NFPA and the subsequent
Standards Council appeal process in July of 2005.
Last but not least, the proponent has not provided any answers
to the fundamental questions below that I believe the Technical
Committee needs answers to prior to accepting this proposal:
What will be the sociological, economical, and political impact
of widening exit stairs by these arbitrary dimensions?
First, the dimensions are not arbitrary! Read the substantiation
again. Regarding sociological, economical, and political impact,
does GSA have the base information about such impacts from current
minimum stair width requirements that would be compared with the
suggested new information? Is it prepared to fund such research? Is
GSA interested also in what the sociological, economical, and
political impact, would be if the actual 9-11 population of the
World Trade Center had been significantly higheras would have been
the case had the 9-11 attacks occurred somewhat later that daythan
the relatively small population of about 7,000 persons per tower?
Imagine several thousand additional people trying to utilize the
two conventionally narrow, 44-inch nominal width exit stairs
(provided along with a third 55-inch nominal width stair) while
having to stop or drastically slow down because of the counterflow
from first responders? Imagine a death toll a few times higher than
the 2,749 now confirmed in the WTC attack. Imagine that higher
death toll attributed, in significant part, directly to inadequate
exit width. GSA representative, please explain to members of the
Skyscraper Safety Campaign or any of the other post-9-11 family
groups why you suggest that a sociological, economical, and
political impact study now be required of the proponent of the
wider stair width requirement.
Regarding economic impact, this was dealt with in the prior
cycles comments and NFPA Standards Council appeal process when GSA
challenged the NFPA committee and membership acceptance of a
requirement for wider exit stairway width. The economic impact (or
area increase impact) was not challenged in detail at that time by
GSA. For those not seeing those comments a year ago, it was noted
(by Pauls) that: For example, a 20-story building [with a 29,400 sq
ft floor area per
story] would have the wider, 56-inch nominal-width stairs (with
48 inches between handrails) only on the lowest 6 stories and the
impact on the building area would be only about 400 sq ft or about
0.07 percent of total (above-grade) floor area of about 600,000 sq
ft subject to the occupant load calculation. (This calculation is
based on minimum floor-to-floor heights of 9 feet; more-typical,
10-ft floor-to-floor heights would have an area impact of about
0.08 percent with the wider stairs.) However, this calculation
assumes that the building size remains unchanged for the six lowest
floors. In actuality the wider stairs for the six lowest
above-grade floors permit an additional 80 persons occupant load on
each of these lower floors. Thus the permissible floor area of each
of these lower floors could be increased by 8,000 sq ft to about
37,400 sq ft subject to the occupant load calculation. Thus the
adjusted percentage impact of the wider stairs on total building
area is only about 0.06 percent.
Will widening new exit stairs to these arbitrary dimensions
improve safety significantly?
Characterizing new exit stair dimensions as arbitrary does not
make it so! See comments above regarding significant benefits to
stairway usability and thus safety.
By accepting this proposal, will this lead to a false perception
of improved safety by the occupants of a building?
With what technical justification does GSA refer to false
perception? From what I already know of peoples perceptions of the
narrow stair width provided with two of the three World Trade
Center exits (as well as other typical office building exits now)
they do perceive them as narrow and inadequate. The John Labriola
photographs taken in one of the narrower WTC exit stairs on 9-11
clearly depict what ordinary people can readily perceive; people
had to stop and twist to the side to let the firefighter pass. (The
photographs are available in John Labriolas book, Walking Forward,
Looking Back, Hyper Publishing, 2003.) What basis does GSA have for
even suggesting that peoples perception of improved safety with the
wider stairs is false?
Is this proposal only a band-aid that ignores the larger issue
of the building evacuation philosophy?
Band-aids do a useful job even if applied temporarily. Wider
stairs are much more effective as they serve permanently and they
improve building evacuation regardless of the evacuation philosophy
employed. The proposal does not ignore the larger issue; I believe
it clearly pointed out its scope as dealing with one of the
relatively simple aspects of design for evacuationbased on
traditional expectations of performance with two-unit stairs.
Again, what has GSA done and what is it prepared to do to support
and fund research on the larger issue of building evacuation
philosophy?
In lieu of requiring wider stairs, would additional protection
of the stairs or requiring additional stairs be more effective in
the overall goal?
The proposal-specified benefits of the wider stairs are not
achieved with additional protection of the stairs or simply
providing more of them (unless organizations like GSA are prepared
to install stairways that are explicitly not intended for
evacuation and are for use by first responders only). However, if
the overall goaland the means to reliably achieve itare to not have
any evacuation of a building, then the benefits of wider stairs
would be unneeded. Does GSA have the confidence in additional
protection, for example, to go this route? More important, do the
occupants of GSAs buildings share this confidence?
In lieu of requiring wider stairs, should the expected
evacuation capabilities be revised and the associated time required
to egress a building?
Yes! See all the reasons stated above.
Based on the above concerns, the appropriate action on this
comment should have been Reject.
No! The concerns expressed by the two negative balloters, Fixen
and Frable, clearly do not justify rejection of the proposal.
101-9
Report on Proposals Copyright, NFPA NFPA
101__________________________________________________________101-1
Log #36b SAF-AXM Final Action: Reject( Entire Document
)__________________________________________________________Submitter:
Suzanne Marie Toby Bayville, NJRecommendation: Regarding Life
Safety Code with Casino fire safety.Substantiation: When the fire
alarms go off at a Casino the patrons will not leave their slot
machines. My idea is to connect the power of the slot machines to
the fire alarm (like the fire doors) that will automatically print
out a receipt of monies in that machine and then shut down. This
way the people will leave the Casino floor. They can be turned back
on when alarm is re-set. The patrons will get a receipt for the
money they have in the machine (Casinos are already using receipts
as a form of payout) so that they do not loose the money that was
in their machines. I am not sure how the slot machines are setup
underneath them but they must have a main power link to the
machines.Committee Meeting Action: RejectCommittee Statement: The
submitter provided no specific code text. There is inadequate
substantiation to justify the committee s gneration of text to
require slot machines to be arranged as noted in the submitter s
substantiation. Jurisdictional issues with the state gaming
commissions would make such an arrangement unfeasible. Adequate
life safety can be provided via more traditional means.Number
Eligible to Vote: 30Ballot Results: Affirmative: 26 Vote Not
Returned: 4 BACON, PERKINS, PRITCHETT, WERTHEIMER
__________________________________________________________101-2
Log #364 SAF-FUN Final Action: Accept in Principle( Entire Document
)__________________________________________________________TCC
Action: The Technical Correlating Committee on Safety to Life (TCC)
notes that NFPA staff will make the needed editorial adjustments to
the units of measurements; and the technical committees need not be
involved.Submitter: James K. Lathrop, Koffel Assoc.,
Inc.Recommendation: Where English units of measurement are used,
return to more traditional units. In general wherever the
measurement is 5 ft or more use feet or feet and inches, but not
inches. For example, 20 ft should be 20 ft not 240
inches.Substantiation: Going to metric first was one thing, but to
make the Code even more difficult to use for people that are used
to the English system does nothing for user friendliness. The
complaints during seminars have been resounding.Committee Meeting
Action: Accept in Principle Do as follows throughout NFPA 101: 1.
Revert to showing the inch/pound units first and show the metric/SI
units (within parentheses) second. 2. For dimensions of 72 inches
or more, express them in feet, not inches.Committee Statement: A
recent Standards Council directive permits inch/pound units to
appear first at the technical committees discretion. The expression
of dimensions of 72 in. and greater by using feet will correct the
problem described by the submitter.Number Eligible to Vote:
20Ballot Results: Affirmative: 18 Vote Not Returned: 2 LANDMESSER,
STONE
__________________________________________________________101-3
Log #367 SAF-FUN Final Action: Reject( Entire Document
)__________________________________________________________Submitter:
James K. Lathrop, Koffel Assoc., Inc.Recommendation: Print the Code
in two different versions, Metric and English. In the Metric
version, do a hard metric conversion to reasonable units. For
example 75 ft of travel should be 25 m not 23 m).Substantiation:
With the international push by NFPA it would be much better to have
an entirely separate code for metric. More reasonable metric
numbers could be used without having a conflict in the code. When a
jurisdiction adopts the code, it would specify metric or
English.Committee Meeting Action: RejectCommittee Statement: The
choice of how many versions of a document to print is an NFPA
management decision, not one for a technical committee to make.
However, the committee action on Proposal 101-2 (Log #364) should
assuage some of the submitter s concerns.Number Eligible to Vote:
20Ballot Results: Affirmative: 18 Vote Not Returned: 2 LANDMESSER,
STONE
__________________________________________________________101-4
Log #36a SAF-BSF Final Action: Reject( Entire Document
)__________________________________________________________Submitter:
Suzanne Marie Toby Bayville, NJRecommendation: Regarding Life
Safety Code with Casino fire safety.Substantiation: When the fire
alarms go off at a Casino the patrons will not leave their slot
machines. My idea is to connect the power of the slot machines to
the fire alarm (like the fire doors) that will automatically print
out a receipt of monies in that machine and then shut down. This
way the people will leave the Casino floor. They can be turned back
on when alarm is re-set. The patrons will get a receipt for the
money they have in the machine (Casinos are already using receipts
as a form of payout) so that they do not loose the money that was
in their machines. I am not sure how the slot machines are setup
underneath them but they must have a main power link to the
machines.Committee Meeting Action: RejectCommittee Statement: While
the proposed concept might have merit, no specific code language
has been provided. It is not possible to assess the technical
implications of such a requirement without the input of
manufacturers and casino operators. No loss history has been
provided (and the committee is aware of none) to justify such a
requirement. Further, such an occupancy-specific requirement should
appear, if anywhere, in the applicable occupancy chapters (e.g.
Chapters 8 and 9 which address new and existing assembly
occupancies, respectively).Number Eligible to Vote: 20Ballot
Results: Affirmative: 18 Vote Not Returned: 2 BROWN, TIZZANO
__________________________________________________________101-5
Log #CP602 SAF-FIR Final Action: Accept( Entire Document
)__________________________________________________________TCC
Action: The Technical Correlating Committee on Safety to Life (TCC)
directs that public comments on this proposal be submitted in the
TCCs name to SAF-AXM, SAF-FIR, SAF-FUR, SAF-HEA, SAF-IND, and
SAF-MER requesting that the TCs: Identify locations, within NFPA
101 chapters of responsibility, of references to NFPA fire test
standards that have ASTM and/or UL counterparts. Indicate what
changes, if any, need to be made as part of ROC.Submitter:
Technical Committee on Fire Protection FeaturesRecommendation: The
committee requests that NFPA staff and editors work to incorporate
similar reference to multiple, referenced fire test standards
throughout the document when appropriate. Test standards that are
ANSI accredited and similar in nature should be given equal
treatment in NFPA 101. Companion NFPA-ASTM-UL Fire Test Standards
include the following:
NFPA ASTM UL 251 E119 263 252 E2074 10B 253 E648 N/A 255 E84 723
256 E108 790Substantiation: The proposal added useful and
beneficial information for the users of the code. A corresponding
proposal has been submitted for NFPA 5000. Committee Meeting
Action: AcceptNumber Eligible to Vote: 23Ballot Results:
Affirmative: 23
__________________________________________________________101-6
Log #334 SAF-FUN Final Action: Accept in Principle( 1.1.2
)__________________________________________________________Submitter:
Morgan J. Hurley, Society of Fire Protection
EngineersRecommendation: Revise 1.1.2 as follows and delete
A.1.1.2: 1.1.2 Danger to Life from Fire. The Code addresses those
construction, protection, and occupancy features necessary to
minimize danger to life from fire, including smoke, heat, and toxic
gasses created during a fire fumes or panic.Substantiation:
Contrary to widespread belief by the lay public, panic, meaning
non-adaptive behavior, only occurs very rarely in fires. According
to Bryan, Detailed interview and questionnaire studies over the
last half century have established that instances of nonadaptive or
panic type behavior are rare, occurring under specific conditions.
Proulx states that: The media and general public often mention the
potential of mass panic during fires, imagining a crowd that
suddenly wants to flee danger at all cost, possibly getting
trampled or crushed in the process. Although these types of
behavior are extremely rare in fires, the expectation that people
will panic is very strong. This belief is very much nourished by
the media and movie industry, which plays on strong emotional
images. In fact, panic in the form of
101-10
Report on Proposals Copyright, NFPA NFPA 101irrational behavior
is rare during fires, and researchers have long ago rejected this
concept. Actual human behavior in fires is somewhat different from
the panic scenario. What is regularly observed is a lethargic
response to the fire alarm, voice communication instruction or even
the initial cues of a fire. Except for low-rise residential
buildings, where occupants feel that it is their responsibility to
investigate an unusual smell, noise or movement, occupants are
usually not very responsive in the initial moments of a fire.
People are often cool during fires, ignoring or delaying their
response to the initial cues of an actual emergency. Once occupants
decide that the situation requires moving to an area of safety, the
time left could be minimal. If the person eventually assesses the
situation as an emergency, instead of panic what is most commonly
observed is an increased level of stress. Stress is not panic. It
is considered that every person involved in an emergency will
eventually feel some stress regardless of their age, gender, past
experience, training, or cultural background. This stress is not an
abnormal reaction or a negative response; on the contrary, stress
is regarded as a necessary state to motivate reaction and action.
The performance of a person dealing with an increased level of
stress will depend on the task demands, the environmental
conditions, and the person himself or herself. Decision-making
under stress is often characterized by a narrowing of attention and
focusing on a reduced number of options. This explains why training
is so important, since people are unlikely to develop new solutions
under heightened stress; a well-run decision plan learned and
practiced beforehand is easier to apply under stress. Given that
human behavior researchers have rejected the idea that people panic
in fires, we should not perpetuate the public s misconceptions in
the Life Safety Code. Fumes is proposed to be changed to toxic
gasses created during a fire because the term fumes is rarely used
in the fire safety community, and could easily be misinterpreted to
mean vapors from hazardous materials. References: Bryan, J. Human
Behavior and Fire, Fire Protection Handbook, 19th Ed., National
Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA, 2003.Committee Meeting
Action: Accept in Principle Revise 1.1.2 and delete A.1.1.2 as
follows: 1.1.2 Danger to Life from Fire. The Code addresses those
construction, protection, and occupancy features necessary to
minimize danger to life from the effects of fire, including smoke,
heat, and toxic gasses created during a fire fumes or panic.
A.1.1.2 The Code recognizes that panic in a burning building might
be uncontrollable but deals with the potential panic hazard through
measures designed to prevent the development of panic. Experience
indicates that panic seldom develops, even in the presence of
potential danger, as long as occupants of buildings are moving
toward exits that they can see within a reasonable distance without
obstructions or undue congestion in the path of travel. However,
any uncertainty as to the location or adequacy of means of egress,
the presence of smoke, or the stoppage of egress travel, such as
might occur when one person stumbles and falls on the stairs, is
potentially conducive to panic. The danger of panic is greatest
when there are large numbers of people in a confined area.Committee
Statement: The committee action does what the submitter requested,
but also adds the words the effects of for clarity and
completeness.Number Eligible to Vote: 20Ballot Results:
Affirmative: 18 Vote Not Returned: 2 LANDMESSER, STONE
__________________________________________________________101-7
Log #436 SAF-FUN Final Action: Accept( 2.2
)__________________________________________________________Submitter:
Rick Thornberry, The Code Consortium, Inc. / Rep. American
Pyrotechnics Association (APA)Recommendation: Add a new reference
to NFPA 1124 as follows: NFPA 1124, Code for the Manufacture,
Transportation, Storage, and Retail Sales of Fireworks and
Pyrotechnic Articles, 2003 edition.Substantiation: To include the
latest published edition of NFPA 1124 which is referenced in
36.4.5.3.1.Committee Meeting Action: AcceptNumber Eligible to Vote:
20Ballot Results: Affirmative: 18 Vote Not Returned: 2 LANDMESSER,
STONE
__________________________________________________________101-8
Log #CP802 SAF-BSF Final Action: Accept( 2.3.2
)__________________________________________________________Submitter:
Technical Committee on Building Service and Fire Protection
EquipmentRecommendation: Update reference to ICC/ANSI A117.1,
American National Standard for Accessible and Usable Buildings and
Facilities, to the 2003 edition.Substantiation: The proposal
updates the reference to the most current edition.
This proposal is being sent to the Technical Committees on
Residential Occupancies and Board and Care Facilities for their
consideration since the regulate the occupancies affected by this
proposal.Committee Meeting Action: AcceptNumber Eligible to Vote:
20Ballot Results: Affirmative: 18 Vote Not Returned: 2 BROWN,
TIZZANO
__________________________________________________________101-9
Log #CP211 SAF-MEA Final Action: Accept( 2.3.2
)__________________________________________________________Submitter:
Technical Committee on Means of EgressRecommendation: Revise entry
for ICC/ANSI A117.1 as follows: ICC/ANSI A117.1, American National
Standard for Accessible and Usable Buildings and Facilities, 1998
2003.Substantiation: Updating of reference needed. Correlation with
action on NFPA 5000.Committee Meeting Action: AcceptNumber Eligible
to Vote: 23Ballot Results: Affirmative: 21 Vote Not Returned: 2
BARRIOS, MCGINTY
__________________________________________________________101-10
Log #428 SAF-BSF Final Action: Accept( 2.3.4
)__________________________________________________________Submitter:
Edward A. Donoghue, Edward A. Donoghue Associates, Inc. / Rep.
National Elevator Industry Inc. (NEII)Recommendation: Revise entry
for ASME A17.1 as follows: ASME A17.1, Safety Code for Elevators
and Escalators, 2000, including Addenda A17.1a-2002 and
A17.1b-2003.Substantiation: The addenda provides the latest
requirements of ASME A17.1 and should be referenced by the
Code.Committee Meeting Action: AcceptNumber Eligible to Vote:
20Ballot Results: Affirmative: 18 Vote Not Returned: 2 BROWN,
TIZZANO
__________________________________________________________101-11
Log #CP109 SAF-FUN Final Action: Accept( 2.3.4
)__________________________________________________________Submitter:
Technical Committee on FundamentalsRecommendation: In 2.3.4, revise
entry for ASME A17.1 as follows: ASME A17.1, Safety Code for
Elevators and Escalators, 2000, including Addenda A17.1a-2002 and
A17.1b-2003.Substantiation: The addenda providing the latest
requirements of ASME A17.1 should be referenced by the
Code.Committee Meeting Action: AcceptNumber Eligible to Vote:
20Ballot Results: Affirmative: 18 Vote Not Returned: 2 LANDMESSER,
STONE
__________________________________________________________101-12
Log #CP210 SAF-MEA Final Action: Accept( 2.3.4
)__________________________________________________________Submitter:
Technical Committee on Means of EgressRecommendation: Revise entry
for ASME A17.1 as follows: ASME A17.1, Safety Code for Elevators
and Escalators, 2000, including Addenda A17.1a-2002 and
A17.1b-2003.Substantiation: Updating of reference needed.
Correlation with action on NFPA 5000.Committee Meeting Action:
AcceptNumber Eligible to Vote: 23Ballot Results: Affirmative: 21
Vote Not Returned: 2 BARRIOS, MCGINTY
__________________________________________________________101-13
Log #211 SAF-FIR Final Action: Accept( 2.3.6
)__________________________________________________________Submitter:
Bob Eugene, Underwriters Laboratories Inc.Recommendation: Revise to
read as follows: 2.3.6 UL Publications. Underwriters Laboratories
Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062. UL 555, Standard
for Fire Dampers, 1999. UL 555S, Standard for Smoke Dampers, 1996
1999. UL 924, Emergency Lighting and Power Equipment, 1995.
101-11
Report on Proposals Copyright, NFPA NFPA 101 UL 1784, Standard
for Air-Leakage Tests of Door Assemblies, 2001. UL 1975, Fire Tests
for Foamed Plastics Used for Decorative Purposes,
1996.Substantiation: Update to current standard.Committee Meeting
Action: AcceptNumber Eligible to Vote: 23Ballot Results:
Affirmative: 23
__________________________________________________________101-14
Log #CP3 SAF-FUN Final Action: Accept in Part( Chapter 3
Definitions (GOT)
)__________________________________________________________Submitter:
Technical Committee on FundamentalsRecommendation: Adopt the
preferred definitions from the NFPA Glossary of Terms for the
following terms: Combustible. (preferred) NFPA 220, Capable of
reacting with oxygen and burning if ignited. Combustible
(secondary) NFPA 101, 2003 ed. A material that, in the form in
which it is used and under the conditions anticipated, will ignite
and burn; a material that does not meet the definition of
noncombustible or limited-combustible. Combustion. (preferred) NFPA
5000, 2002 ed. A chemical process of oxidation that occurs at a
rate fast enough to produce heat and usually light in the form of
either a glow or flame. Combustion (secondary) NFPA 101, 2003 ed. A
chemical process that involves oxidation sufficient to produce
light or heat. Design Fire Scenario. (preferred) NFPA 914, 2000 ed.
A fire scenario selected for evaluation of a proposed design.
Design Fire Scenario (secondary) NFPA 101, 2003 ed. A fire scenario
used for evaluation of a proposed design. Fire Model. (preferred)
NFPA 805, 2001 ed. Mathematical prediction of fire growth,
environmental conditions, and potential effects on structures,
systems, or components based on the conservation equations or
empirical data. Fire Model. (secondary) NFPA 101, 2003 ed. A
structured approach to predicting one or more effects of a fire.
Flashover. (preferred) NFPA 921, 2001 ed. A transition phase in the
development of a contained fire in which surfaces exposed to
thermal radiation reach ignition temperature more or less
simultaneously and fire spreads rapidly throughout the space.
Flashover (secondary) NFPA 101, 2003 ed A stage in the development
of a contained fire in which all exposed surfaces reach ignition
temperatures more or less simultaneously and fire spreads rapidly
throughout the space. Fuel Load. (preferred) NFPA 921, 2001 ed. The
total quantity of combustible contents of a building, space, or
fire area, including interior finish and trim, expressed in heat
units or the equivalent weight in wood. Fuel Load. (secondary) NFPA
101, 2003 ed The total quantity of combustible contents of a
building, space, or fire area. Limited Combustible. (preferred)
NFPA 33, 2000 ed. A building construction material not complying
with the definition of noncombustible material that, in the form in
which it is used, has a potential heat value not exceeding 8141
kJ/kg (3500 Btu/lb), where tested in accordance with NFPA 259,
Standard Test Method for Potential Heat of Building Materials, and
complies with (a) or (b): (a) materials having a structural base of
noncombustible material, with a surfacing not exceeding a thickness
of 3.2 mm ( in.) that has a flame spread index not greater than 50;
and (b) materials, in the form and thickness used, other than as
described in (a), having neither a flame spread index greater than
25 nor evidence of continued progressive combustion and of such
composition that surfaces that would be exposed by cutting through
the material on any plane would have neither a flame spread index
greater than 25 nor evidence of continued progressive combustion.
(Materials subject to increase in combustibility or flame spread
index beyond the limits herein established through the effects of
age, moisture, or other atmospheric condition shall be considered
combustible.) Limited Combustible. (secondary) NFPA 101, 2003 ed
Refers to a building construction material not complying with the
definition of noncombustible that, in the form in which it is used,
has a potential heat value not exceeding 8141 kJ/kg (3500 Btu/lb),
where tested in accordance with NFPA 259, Standard Test Method for
Potential Heat of Building Materials, and includes (1) materials
having a structural base of noncombustible material, with a
surfacing not exceeding a thickness of 3.2 mm (1/8 in.) that has a
flame spread index not greater than 50; and (2) materials, in the
form and thickness used, other than as described in (1), having
neither a flame spread index greater than 25 nor evidence of
continued progressive combustion, and of such composition that
surfaces that would be exposed by cutting through the material on
any plane would have neither
a flame spread index greater than 25 nor evidence of continued
progressive combustion. Noncombustible. (preferred) NFPA 80, 1999
ed. Not capable of igniting and burning when subjected to a fire.
Noncombustible Material. (secondary) NFPA 101, 2003 ed A material
that, in the form in which it is used and under the conditions
anticipated, will not ignite, burn, support combustion, or release
flammable vapors when subjected to fire or heat. Materials that are
reported as passing ASTM E 136, Standard Test Method for Behavior
of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750C, shall be
considered noncombustible materials. Objective. (preferred) NFPA
472, 2002 ed. A goal that is achieved through the attainment of a
skill, knowledge, or both, and that can be observed or measured.
Objective. (secondary) NFPA 101, 2003 ed A requirement that needs
to be met to achieve a goal. Occupancy. (preferred) NFPA 5000, 2002
ed. The purpose for which a building or other structure, or part
thereof, is used or intended to be used. Occupancy. (secondary)
NFPA 101, 2003 ed The purpose for which a building or portion
thereof is used or intended to be used. Occupiable Story.
(preferred) NFPA 101B, 2002 ed. A story occupied by people on a
regular basis. Stories used exclusively for mechanical equipment
rooms, elevator penthouses, and similar spaces are not occupiable
stories. Occupiable Story. (secondary) NFPA 101, 2003 ed A story
occupied by people on a regular basis. Professional Engineer.
(preferred) NFPA 5000, 2002 ed. A person licensed to practice
engineering in a jurisdiction, subject to all laws and limitations
imposed by the jurisdiction. Professional Engineer. (secondary)
NFPA 101, 2003 ed A person registered or licensed to practice
engineering in a jurisdiction, subject to all laws and limitations
imposed by the jurisdiction. Structure. (preferred) NFPA 5000, 2002
ed. That which is built or constructed and limited to buildings and
nonbuilding structures as defined herein. Structure. (secondary)
NFPA 101, 2003 ed That which is built or
constructed.Substantiation: Adoption of preferred definitions will
assist the user by providing consistent meaning of defined terms
throughout the National Fire Codes. The following procedure must be
followed when acting on defined terms (extract from the Glossary of
Terms Definitions Procedure): 2.1 Revising Definitions 2.1.1 Prior
to revising Preferred definitions, the Glossary of Terms should be
consulted to avoid the creation of additional Secondary
definitions. 2.1.2 All Secondary definitions should be reviewed and
eliminated where possible by the following method (in order of
preference): a) adopt the preferred definition if suitable. b)
modify the secondary term and/or definition to limit its use to a
specific application within the scope of the document. c) request
that the Standards Council determine responsibility for the term .
d) request that the Standards Council authorize a secondary
definition. (extract from the NFPA Manual of Style): 2.3.2.6
Existing general definitions contained in the NFPA Glossary of
Terms shall be used where technically accurate and
correct.Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Part Change the current
definition of the following words/terms to the NFPA Glossary of
Terms (GOT) Preferred definition shown above in the recommendation
field: 1. Combustion 2. Design Fire Scenario 3. Flashover 4.
Occupancy Editorially revise the current definition of Limited
Combustible as follows: Limited Combustible. Refers to a building
construction material not complying with the definition of
noncombustible that, in the form in which it is used, has a
potential heat value not exceeding 8141 kJ/kg (3500 Btu/lb), where
tested in accordance with NFPA 259, Standard Test Method for
Potential Heat of Building Materials, and includes either of the
following: (1) materials having a structural base of noncombustible
material, with a surfacing not exceeding a thickness of 3.2 mm (1/8
in.) that has a flame spread index not greater than 50 ; and (2)
materials, in the form and thickness used, other than as described
in (1), having neither a flame spread index greater than 25 nor
evidence of continued progressive combustion, and of such
composition that surfaces that would be exposed by cutting through
the material on any plane would have neither a flame spread index
greater than 25 nor evidence of continued progressive
combustion.
101-12
Report on Proposals Copyright, NFPA NFPA 101Committee Statement:
Numerous GOT Preferred definitions could not be adopted for the
following reasons: Combustible. The NFPA 220 definition is
inadequate for use in NFPA 101 because it lacks the words in the
form in which it is used and