Report on 2014 Excavations at the Farwell House Site, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, Connecticut

Report on 2014 Excavations at the Farwell House Site, University of Connecticut, Mansfield,

Connecticut Excavations by the participants of The Connecticut State Museum of Natural

History and Connecticut Archaeology Center ‘Kids Are Scientists and Engineers Too’ Module and the Archaeology Field Workshop

Zachary Singer Mandy Ranslow

4/3/2015

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Introduction

In the spring of 2014 the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO), in accordance with

Connecticut General Statute 10-386, approved archaeological investigations of the Farwell

House site (78-184). The archaeological excavations were conducted as a one-week module of

the Kids Are Scientists and Engineers Too (KASET) program at the University of Connecticut

(UConn) and as a half-day Archaeology Field Workshop (AFW) session. The goal of the

KASET archaeological field school module is to teach fifth through tenth grade students

archaeological field methods and the importance of historic preservation. Since 2004, the

KASET program (formerly Kids Are Scientists Too or KAST) has trained youths in historical

research techniques, archaeological excavation techniques, and laboratory processing techniques.

Incorporating information from previous investigations of the Farwell House enriches the

KASET archaeology module by allowing new excavations to build on prior knowledge (Grady

1977, Benard 2007, Thompson 2007, Ranslow and Cruz 2014). KASET excavations at the

Farwell House Site were conducted from July 7-11, 2014. The AFW, which has excavated at the

Farwell House since 2011, was sponsored by the Connecticut State Museum of Natural History

(CSMNH) on October 20, 2014. This program teaches archaeology field methods to adults and

children in a half-day session. All artifacts from both the 2014 KASET and AFW excavations

are stored with the previously excavated Farwell House material at the Office of State

Archaeology’s storage facility at UConn, Storrs, Connecticut.

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Farwell House Site (78-184)

The Farwell House Site is located on the Tolland/Storrs town line at the north intersection

of Horsebarn Hill Road and Route 195 (Storrs Road) (Figure 1). The Farwell House was likely

built by John Farwell before 1756 as part of a larger family farm complex (Cazel n.d.: 1) (Figure

2). Archaeological evidence suggests that the Farwell House was constructed on top of the

remains of a house built in 1710 (Gradie, personal communication to Ranslow, 2012). The

Farwell House had a 40x32 foot fieldstone foundation with a 17x7 foot rear addition and a six

foot deep cellar in the southern third of the house. The house had three brick chimneys with

ceramic casings (Poirier 2002). Members of the Farwell family occupied the Farwell House until

1908 when the property was sold to George Jacobson. Jacobson owned the estate until 1911

when he sold it to the State of Connecticut. The State of Connecticut and UConn have

maintained and used the former Farwell property since 1911.

In 1976, UConn approved a fire training exercise to burn down the Farwell House due to

financial considerations related to the continued upkeep of the House (UConn House 1976: 1).

The Mansfield Historical Society objected to UConn demolishing the historic Farwell property,

consequently SHPO recommended measures to preserve and conserve the remnants of the site as

a historic archaeological resource (Gradie 1977). Presently, the only visible evidence of the

former Farwell House is a mound where the cellar hole was filled with dirt.

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Figure 1: Location of Farwell House (Courtesy of US Census)

Figure 2: Undated Photo of the Farwell House

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Previous Work

Several archaeologists have excavated the Farwell House site since 1976. Robert Gradie

conducted the initial archaeological survey of the Farwell House remains after the House was

burned (Gradie 1977:3). In December 1976 Gradie excavated a ten foot square unit to document

the structure. In April and May 1977 Gradie supervised further archaeological work to produce a

map of the house site and reconstruct the layout of the first floor (Gradie 1977:5). Gradie’s

investigations indicate that the Farwell House was constructed over at least three separate

building periods (Gradie 1977:12). After Gradie’s excavations, the cellar hole was filled in and

the site has since been preserved for its contributions to local history and the understanding of

colonial history in eastern Connecticut.

Scant information is available describing the excavations of the Farwell House that were

conducted after Gradie’s initial 1977 report until the 2006 field season. There are no available

reports for the excavations at the Farwell House from 1979 to 2005. Excavations were

undertaken by Gradie in 1976, 1977, 1979-1981, and the mid-1980’s (Gradie, personal

communication to Ranslow, 2012). All paperwork and artifacts were stored at the State

Archaeologist’s storage facilities located at UConn. Early field reports were given to the State

Archaeologist and UConn’s Office of Finance and Administration and recent field reports are

filed with SHPO and the CSMNH.

Excavations took place within the foundation and to the north of the foundation in 1976-

1977 (Gradie, personal communication to Ranslow, 2012). Artifacts from excavations

conducted between 1979 and 1981 were found in storage and subsequently inventoried and

added to the master database created in 2010. These are the only artifacts recovered prior to

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2006 that have been located thus far. Unfortunately, no paperwork accompanied the rediscovered

artifacts. The provenience information on the rediscovered bags suggests that the units were

located to the south of the foundation, which is problematic because Horsebarn Hill Road is

located to the south of the foundation where the units were supposedly located. It is likely that a

different grid was employed for the 1979-1981 excavations. In 2004 and 2005, Gradie led

KAST excavations, which consisted of 5x5 meter excavations units located on the east side of

the foundation. The exact location of these units is unknown.

In 2006, Kristina Thompson (2007:3) excavated three 1x1 meter units to the northeast of

the buried foundation (Units: N0E0, N0E2, N1E1) (Figure 3). The soil was identified as

historically disturbed. Artifacts recovered during Thompson’s excavations indicate that a refuse

area was discovered where household waste and building materials were previously discarded

(Thompson 2007:3). The majority of the artifacts recovered by Thompson date to the 20th

century indicating that this area was not related to the historic occupations of the Farwell House,

but provides evidence of modern use of the Farwell House prior to the House’s destruction

(Thompson 2007:5).

In 2007, Akeia Benard excavated additional 1x1 meter units in the same area that

Thompson investigated in 2006 (Units: N0E1, N1E0, and N1E2) (Figure 3) (Benard 2007:2).

Benard recovered similar data as Thompson, which suggested that the soil was disturbed and that

the artifacts relate to 20th

century disposal of household waste and building materials (Benard

2007:3).

In 2008, Heather Cowan Cruz placed 1x1 meter units west of the 2006 and 2007

excavations, in an area then designated Locus A (Units: S2W6, S1W5, and N0W6) (Figure 3)

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(Cruz 2009:3). Recovered artifacts consisted of household waste and building materials (Cruz

2009:5).

In 2009, Cruz moved excavations to the west of the foundation mound, which was

designated Locus B (Cruz 2010:3). A new datum was established for Locus B, and three 1x1

meter units were excavated (Units: N0E0, N1W1, and N2E0) (Figure 3) (Cruz 2010:5). Locus B

excavations uncovered evidence of a possible walkway or garden boundary. Discarded artifacts

in Locus B suggest that a door and front window were located in this area (Cruz 2010:6).

In 2010, Mandy Ranslow excavated three 1x1 meter units (Units: S1W15, S1W17, and

S2W16) (Figure 3) based on a new datum (Ranslow & Cruz 2011:9). Architectural and domestic

artifacts were recovered, many of which were burned and melted, thus providing evidence of the

house’s destruction. Large quantities of melted glass, burned wood, and nails suggest a window

was located in proximity to the excavation units (Ranslow & Cruz 2011:14). 19th

century

domestic artifacts were recovered from deeper levels of the units, which are related to the

occupation of the house by the Farwell family.

In 2011, Mandy Ranslow and the KAST field school excavated three 1x1 meter units on

the northwest side of the foundation (Units: S1W16, S2W15, and S2W17) (Figure 3), which

would have been the front yard of the Farwell House (Ranslow and Cruz 2012). Ranslow and the

AFW excavated three 50x50 centimeter test pits (TPs: N5W5, N5W10, & N5W15) placed at five

meter intervals to the north of the foundation, which would have been the side yard of the house.

The 2011 excavations recovered architectural and domestic artifacts primarily related to the 20th

century use of the Farwell House. Many of the artifacts were burned providing evidence of the

1976 burning of the Farwell House. Probable 19th

century artifacts were recovered below 20th

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century artifacts, documenting historic use of the Farwell House and the potential of earlier

artifacts to be in situ in older layers of soil.

The 2012 summer KASET field school, led by Cruz, excavated a transect of 50x50

centimeter test pits that were converted into 1x1 meter units fifteen meters north of the filled

house structure (Units: N15E0, N15W5, N15W10, N15W15) (Figure 3). The KASET

fieldschool also excavated two meters closer to the house mound (Units: N4W16, N4W17). The

2012 AFW excavated 50x50 centimeter test pits on a transect twenty meters north of the datum

(TPs: N20E0, N20W5, N20W10, N20W15, N20W20). The goal of the 2012 excavations was to

investigate the lawn north of the Farwell House to survey for archaeological features (Cruz and

Ranslow 2013).The 2012 excavations recovered artifacts related to 20th

century domestic and

architectural use of the Farwell House property, suggesting that cultural material from the

historic use of the Farwell House property extends well beyond the house mound.

In 2013, Cruz and the KASET field school continued excavating 1x1 meter units on the

northwest side of the foundation, which would have been the front yard of the Farwell House

(Cruz and Ranslow 2014). Cruz excavated three units (Units: N7W2, N7W1, and N6W2) (Figure

3), which contained artifacts evidencing 20th

century domestic and architectural use of the

Farwell House property. Cruz also identified a feature in N7W1, which was a dense

concentration of glass, nails, metal piping, ceramics, and charcoal. The AFW excavated test pits

along the N25 transect (TPs: N25E0, N25W5, N25W10). A light scatter of artifacts was

recovered, most of which were nails, which might be evidence of an historic outbuilding on the

farm property.

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Figure 3: Map of Farwell House Excavation Units 2006-2014

A permanent datum was established at the Farwell House site in July 2010. Ranslow

placed a spike in the northeast corner of the foundation that will serve as a permanent datum

(N0E0) for future excavations (Figures 3, 4 & 5). The coordinates of the permanent datum are

41°49’4.36”N, 72°15’16.01”W and 719’ above sea level with a 16’ estimated error. This

coincidently is as close as can be possibly estimated for the N0E0 established in 2006 by

Thompson.

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Figure 4: Permanent N0E0 Datum

Figure 5: Northeast Corner of the Foundation Looking South

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Methods

The July 2014 KASET archaeological excavations were supervised by UConn graduate

student Zachary Singer, M.A. and the October 2014 AFW excavations were supervised by

Mandy Ranslow, M.A., R.P.A. Nicholas Bellantoni, Ph.D., the Connecticut State Archaeologist,

served as the head consultant for the project.

The KASET excavations consisted of six 1x1 meter units positioned on the northwest

side of the foundation, which would have been the front yard of the Farwell House. Four of the

units were placed at the North 10-meter line in five meters intervals running east to west

(Units:N10E0, N10W5, N10W10, N10W15) (Figures 3 and 6) and two units were excavated six

meters to the south, closer to the house mound (Units: N4W15, N4W10). In addition to

traditional unit excavations, Singer employed systematic metal-detecting surveys in two 10x10

meter boxes, one to the west of the foundation (S10 W20) and one to the north of the foundation

(N20W10) (Figure 7). Mandy Ranslow, Katie Lynch, David Colberg, and Anya Rozman assisted

Singer in the set up of the site. Chantal Henry, Danielle Fernald, Martina Krumova, and Scott

Brady assisted with field work in July and offered their invaluable expertise.

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Figure 6: 2014 Units Looking West

Figure 7: Metal Detecting

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UConn permits yearly excavations at the Farwell House Site based on the stipulation that

the grass is removed intact and the ground surface is restored to its natural appearance with grass

replaced after excavations conclude for the year. Singer and volunteers removed the grass in

each unit before KASET field school students initiated excavating units in five-centimeter levels

using trowels. Following the recommendation of Ranslow and Cruz (2011:10-11), depth

measurements for each level were measured from the natural surface stratigraphy. Four students

were assigned to each unit under the supervision of a volunteer. Volunteers also supervised

screening stations to assist the students in passing soil through ¼ inch hardware mesh screen to

recover artifacts (Figure 8). Volunteers checked all screens to ensure that all artifacts were

recovered. Students took shifts systematically surveying metal detecting boxes under the

supervision of the volunteers. All artifacts were stored in bags with their provenience recorded

on the bag. Unit level forms were also employed to record artifact provenience and planviews for

each five-centimeter level. Students were required to complete unit level forms, but Singer

maintained the official excavation level forms. The paperwork is stored with the artifacts at the

Office of State Archaeology storage facility at UConn.

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Figure 8: Screening Artifacts

Due to time constraints of a one-week field season, none of the units were excavated to a

depth greater than 25centimeters below surface. Singer and Krumova cleaned all recovered

artifacts. After cleaning and drying, Singer identified each artifact prior to packaging in

inventory bags. Artifact information was recorded on the individual bags, and the artifacts were

inventoried in the master database (in Excel) created in 2010.

The 2014 AFW excavated four 50x50cm test pits at N0E5, N15E5, N20E5, and N20E10

(N15E10 was skipped because a large rock is on the surface at that location). Test pits were

excavated to a maximum of 30 centimeters below surface due to time limitations of the

Workshop. Test pits were opened with a shovel to remove the turf. Excavation of all test pits

proceeded with trowel in ten centimeter levels by AFW participants who were overseen by

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Ranslow and Lori Kessel (Figure 9). Dirt was sifted through ¼” mesh screens, and screens were

monitored by Ranslow and Kessel. Official paperwork was maintained by Ranslow. Artifacts

were washed and cataloged by Ranslow.

Figure 9: AFW Participants Excavating Test Pit

Report of Findings

The July 2014 KASET excavations were located to the northwest of the Farwell House

foundation mound on the front lawn of the house. The majority of the artifacts recovered were

architectural (e.g. nails, brick, window glass, window putty, asphalt shingles, and mortar). Many

artifacts show evidence of melting or burning (e.g. charred wood, melted glass, and slag). Some

domestic artifacts were recovered, which include bottle glass, ceramics, bone, and a Victorian-

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era hair clip. Metal detecting located many metal artifacts, most of which are associated with the

agricultural use of the Farwell property, such as bolts and irons rods. (See Appendix 1 for a full

list of the artifacts excavated).

The ceramic artifacts include red earthenware (31 sherds), creamware (1 sherd),

whiteware (3 sherds), and pearlware (9 sherds). The whiteware sherds were found 10-15

centimeters below surface, while the creamware sherd was found at a depth of 15-20 centimeters

below the surface. The stratigraphic trend of older ceramics recovered below newer ceramic

styles was noted in previous excavations of the Farwell House (Ranslow and Cruz 2012) and

suggest the possibility that lower soil horizons at the site will yield artifacts dating to the

occupation of the house by the Farwell family.

Other domestic artifacts recovered during the 2014 KASET excavations included bottle

glass fragments and a metal broche. Most bottle glass fragments were clear with no decoration,

however one painted clear glass sherd was found in N10E0 10-15centimeters below the surface

(Figure 10). A metal broche, which Dr. Kevin McBride identified as likely originating in the

Victorian era, was recovered through metal detecting (Figure 11).

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Figure 10: Painted Bottle Glass Sherd

Figure 11: Victorian Era Broche

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More than half of artifacts uncovered in July 2014 at the Farwell House were

architectural artifacts. Most of the artifacts are likely related to the destruction of the house as a

part of the fire training exercise. Broken window glass, melted glass, and metal fragments were

found in all excavation units.

Other architectural artifacts included more than 128.8 grams of brick, 33 nails and nail

fragments, 107 slate shingle fragments and 46.43 grams of mortar. Of the 33 nails, 17 were wire

nails, 12 were machine cut nails, and 4 were too corroded or fragmented for identification.

These nails likely reflect architectural elements associated with the latter part of the house’s

history.

A Pre-Contact argillite projectile point medial fragment was recovered in the N10E0 unit

while Singer was straitening the walls of the unit (Figure 12). The fragment retains one possible

side-notch and looks similar in style to Late Archaic Brewerton side-notched points, however

since the lithic is fragmentary the typological identification is tenuous.

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Figure 12: Projectile Point Fragment.

A combination of domestic and architectural artifacts was recovered by the AFW

(Appendix 1). N0E5, located near the extant driveway showed evidence of disturbance, and only

asphalt and slag were recovered. Asphalt was recovered from the top layers of N15E5 along

with creamware, machine cut and wire nails, glass, and brick. Soils appear to have been

somewhat disturbed with both 19th

and 20th

century artifacts found together. N20E5 and

N20E10 located north of the Farwell House appear to be less disturbed. Domestic artifacts (e.g.

refined earthenware, bottle glass, plastic fragments, stoneware, and creamware) were recovered.

A copper shotgun shell was found in N20E5, however there are no markings on it to determine

its age (Figure 13). Architectural artifacts (e.g. brick and nails) were found in the greatest

quantities in N20E10 along with coal and bottle glass. The 2013 AFW recovered similar

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artifacts from N25E0 and N25W10. While the information is limited, this may suggest a

structure was once standing to the north of the Farwell House. No structure is shown at this

location on the 1934 or 1965 aerial photos; however an earlier structure may have been present

north of the House (Figures 14 and 15).

Figure 13: Copper Shot Gun Shell

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Figure 14: 1934 Aerial Photo (Courtesy of CT State Library)

Figure 15: 1965 Aerial Photo (Courtesy CT State Library)

Unknown

Outbuilding

Jacobson

Barn

Farwell

House

Approximate

Area of 2014

AFW Testing

Unknown

Outbuilding

Jacobson

Barn

Farwell

House

Approximate

Area of 2014

AFW Testing

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Recommendations

The authors and the CSMNH recommend that summer and fall excavations continue at

the Farwell House site for members of KASET and the AFW. Participants are taught about

preservation, maintenance, and the research potential of cultural resources through the hands-on

experience. The authors recommend that the 2015 KASET and AFW programs continue

documenting the historic land-use of the Farwell House site property by excavating 1x1 meter

units in the front lawn of the Farwell House. In addition to meter excavations, 50x50 centimeter

test pits and metal detecting should be employed in an attempt to identify activity areas and

locations of other buildings that may have existed on the farmstead property. Test pits will also

reveal the integrity of the site’s stratigraphy, which will be considered during the analysis of the

site’s eligibility for the National Register of Historic Places. Test pitting and metal detecting will

also allow increased horizontal archaeological survey of the Farwell House property, which is

useful for creating a management plan for the site. The excavation area 10 meters north of the

Farwell House foundation has the potential to yield artifacts mainly related to 19th

and 20th

century occupations of the house providing the KASET excavators an opportunity to find many

artifacts while learning archaeological field methods.

The possibility that additional Pre-Contact lithics will be recovered during subsequent

excavations should be considered. Native American use of the area has been well documented,

especially along the Fenton River and Mansfield Hollow Dam. Volunteers must carefully assist

KASET students in checking screens for both Historic and Pre-Contact artifacts.

It is recommended that all assemblages, data, and research from the Farwell House site

continue to be stored at the Office of State Archaeology storage facility at UConn so that future

researchers can access the data produced during previous years’ work.

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Works Cited

Benard, Akeia

2007 Report on 2007 Excavations at the Farwell House Site. On file at the Connecticut’s

State Historic Preservation Office.

Cazel, Annarie P.

The Farwell Family and House, Mansfield, Connecticut.

Cruz, Heather Cowan

2010 Report on 2009 Excavations at the Farwell House Site, University of Connecticut,

Mansfield, Connecticut: Excavations by the participants of The Connecticut State

Museum of Natural History and Connecticut Archaeology Center ‘Kids Are Scientists

Too’ Module. On file at the Connecticut’s State Historic Preservation Office.





Cruz, Heather Cowan and Mandy Ranslow




and Engineers Too’ Module. On file at the Connecticut’s State Historic Preservation

Office.



24


and Engineers Too’ Module. On file at the Connecticut’s State Historic Preservation

Office.

Gradie, Robert R.

1977 End of Fieldwork Management Summary, Farwell House, Mansfield, Connecticut.

2012 Meeting with Mandy Ranslow on 5-21-2012 at the Raymond Library, East Hartford, CT.

Poirier, Dave

2002 Historic Resources Inventory Report for site 78-184/Farwell House.

Ranslow, Mandy and Heather Cowan Cruz









2012 Excavation with Kids at the Farwell House, Storrs, CT paper presented at the Society for

Historical Archaeology Conference, Baltimore, MD.

Thompson, Kristina Lammi


Mansfield, Connecticut. On file at the Connecticut’s State Historic Preservation Office.

Unknown Author

25

1976 UConn House Burning Still a Smoldering Issue. Unlabeled newspaper article in KAST

file. pgs. 1 & 12.

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Appendix 1

2014 Artifact Inventories

Report on 2014 Excavations at the Farwell House Site, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, Connecticut

Zachary Singer

78-184

Farwell House, Mansfield, CT

Inventory # Bag# Unit Depth (CmBS) Count

Weight (g) Category Comments

1333 1 N10E0 0-5 1 0.8 slag

1334 1 N10E0 0-5 8 8.1 brick

1335 1 N10E0 0-5 4 2.7 slate

1336 1 N10E0 0-5 0.4 coal sample

1337 2 N10E0 5-10 1 5.5 nail Machine cut, ID'ed by Bill Farley

1338 2 N10E0 5-10 1 3 asphalt

1339 2 N10E0 5-10 2 3.6 slag

1340 2 N10E0 5-10 1 7.1 brick

1341 2 N10E0 5-10 3 0.3 slate

1342 2 N10E0 5-10 1.7 coal sample

1343 3 N10E0 10-15 43.3 coal sample

1344 3 N10E0 10-15 1 0.4 glass bottle glass, painted

1345 3 N10E0 10-15 3 6.7 brick

1346 3 N10E0 10-15 1 0.06 styrofoam

1347 3 N10E0 10-15 3 1.7 plastic zip tie, one blue plastic unid,

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one white plastic unid

1348 4 N10E0 15-20 16.3 coal sample

1349 4 N10E0 15-20 1 0.8 glass bottle glass, brown

1350 4 N10E0 15-20 3 2.7 brick

1351 5 N10E0 20-25 2.2 coal

1352 5 N10E0 20-25 1 2.5 nail wire cut, modern ID'ed by Bill Farley

1353 5 N10E0 20-25 1 0.7 metal pull tab

1354 5 N10E0 20-25 1 9.43 mortar

1355 6 N10E0 0-20 1 5.1 Projectile point

Argillite, Possible Brewerton, missing base and tip. Has one possivle notch suggesting brewerton notched point

1356 6 N10E0 0-20 1.5 coal

1357 1 N4W15 0-5 1 0.1 Plastic wrapper?

1358 2 N4W15 5-10 3 0.7 Plastic wrapper?

1359 2 N4W15 5-10 1 5.6 glass clear, bottle glass

1360 2 N4W15 5-10 1 0.1 charred wood

1361 1 N4W10 0-5 1 0.2 brick

1362 2 N4W10 5-10 3 18.9 nail machine cut

1363 2 N4W10 5-10 2 9 metal Iron springs, clothes pin springs

1364 2 N4W10 5-10 17 11.6 brick

1365 2 N4W10 5-10 charred wood

1366 2 N4W10 5-10 4 1.7 glass window glass. 1 clear, 3 green

1367 2 N4W10 5-10 1 0.2 plastic coffe cup lid?

1368 1 N10W10 0-5 1 0.1 slate

1369 2 N10W10 0-5 1 0.5 plastic wrapper?

1370 3 N10W10 0-5 3 18.8 asphalt

1371 4 N10W10 0-5 5 22.2 slate

1372 5 N10W10 5-10 1 0.4 glass clear, window

1373 6 N10W10 5-10 7 22.7 slate

1374 7 N10W10 5-10 1 2.6 nail wire


1376 9 N10W10 10-15 4 9.1 nail 1 machine cut, 3 wire

1377 10 N10W10 10-15 2 2.1 glass clear, window. 1 patina'ed

1378 11 N10W10 10-15 1 2.8 brick

1379 12 N10W10 10-15 5 0.6 charred

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wood

1380 13 N10W10 10-15 1 1.9 slate

1381 14 N10W10 10-15 9 11.8 slate


1383 16 N10W10 0-5 1 0.1 charred wood

1384 17 N10W10 5-10 2 7.1 coal

1385 18 N10W10 5-10 2 2.1 glass 1 window, 1 melted


1387 19 N10W10 5-10 4 4.7 metal spring pieces

1388 20 N10W10 5-10 63 92.7 slate

1389 21 N10W10 10-15 18 8.9 brick

1390 22 N10W10 10-15 25 8 metal flat iron scraps

1391 23 N10W10 10-15 1 12 possible lead id'ed by Bill Farley

1392 24 N10W10 10-15 3 0.2 slate

1393 25 N10W10 10-15 1 0.4 metal cap?

1394 26 N10W10 10-15 12 0.6 charred wood

1395 26 N10W10 10-15 2 2.1 coal

1396 27 N10W10 10-15 4 16.3 nail 2 wire, 1 machine cut, 1 wire frag

1397 28 N10W10 15-20 1 1.3 mortar

1398 29 N10W10 15-20 26 71.5 brick

1399 30 N10W10 15-20 2 2.7 glass bottle, green

1400 30 N10W10 15-20 3 1.9 glass window, clear

1401 31 N10W10 15-20 1 23 nail wire nail

1402 31 N10W10 15-20 2 2.8 nail too weathered

1403 31 N10W10 15-20 3 3.1 metal wire

1404 32 N10W10 15-20 1 10.4 glass burned

1405 33 N10W10 15-20 9 17.2 ceramic pearlware

1406 33 N10W10 15-20 14 2.1 ceramic glazed redware

1407 34 N10W10 15-20 2 0.4 plastic red, fragments

1408 35 N10W10 15-20 8 10.8 slag

1409 36 N10W10 15-20 16 5.1 coal

1410 37 N10W10 15-20 6 1.4 slate


1412 38 N10W10 15-20 4 4.7 metal iron fragments

1413 39 N10W10 15-20 11 1.8 charred wood

1414 40 N10W10 15-20 1 11.4 bone cow horn core- ID'ed by Nicholas Bellantoni

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1415 41 N10W10 15-20 1 0.1 ceramic unidentified, no glaze

1416 1 N24.4 W4.7 5 4 17 metal Barbed Wire, ID'ed as nails in field

1417 2 N24.2 W4.8 8 charred wood

1418 2 N24.2 W4.8 8 3 8 metal Barbed Wire, ID'ed as nails in field

1419 3 N24.2 W4.8 6 1 4.5 metal

Costume Jewelry/broche. Victorian era ID'ed by Kevin McBride

1420 4 N25.7 W9.1 7 1 3.1 metal Barbed Wire, ID'ed as nails in field

1421 5 N28.5 W8 8 1 33.6 metal Spike. Machine cut, ID'ed by Bill Farley

1422 6 N26.6 W3.2 1 61.93 metal Bolt, Modern, ID'ed by Bill Farley

1423 7 N21.6 W8.95 1 6 metal

Barbed Wire, ID'ed as nails in field

1424 8 N28.5 W8.5 1 >120 metal Iron Rod, Modern, ID'ed by Bill Farley

1425 9 N24.5 W2.46 7 2 4.8 metal Barbed wire

1426 10 N22.9 W2.46 8 1 6.62 metal Barbed wire

1427 11 N21.5 W0 12 8 16.9 metal Barbed wire

1428 12 N25.8 W1.3 1 9.8 metal Barbed wire

1429 13 N3.5 W15.95 2 4.3 nail

Machine cut nails, ID'ed by Bill Farley

1430 14 N.5 W16.6 1 8.1 metal

iron sheet metal, Architecture Hardwear?, ID'ed by Bill Farley

1431 14 N.5 W16.6 1 5.1 glass Melted

1432 15 N.5 W18.8 10 1 0.3 glass Window, ID'ed by Bill Farley

1433 16 S3 W17.5 1 0.1 Plastic burned

1434 17 S4 W15 1 2.9 coin Penny, 1917

1435 17 S4 W15 10 28.5 glass Melted

1436 1 N10W15 0-5 4 3.6 unid burnt

flat with a molded shape, but broken cross section does not help ID

1437 2 N10W15 0-5 1 55.1 ceramic coarse earthenware, likely modern sewer piping

1438 3 N10W15 0-10 1 0.6 unid burnt

flat with a molded shape, but broken cross section does not help ID

1439 4 N10W15 0-10 1 0.3 brick fragment

30

1440 5 N10W15 5-10 2 12.4 slate fragment

1441 6 N10W15 5-10 2 6.1 glass window glass, clear

1442 7 N10W15 5-10 1 0.3 nail wire nail

1443 8 N10W15 5-10 1 0.3 coal

1444 9 N10W15 5-10 1 0.1 plastic clear

1445 10 N10W15 10-15 4 0.7 brick fragments

1446 11 N10W15 10-15 1 0.1 charcoal

1447 12 N10W15 10-15 2 0.1 coal

1448 13 N10W15 10-15 1 0.26 glass burned, clear

1449 14 N10W15 15-20 1 0.4 nail wire fragment

1450 15 N10W15 15-20 2 0.2 charred wood

1451 16 N10W15 15-20 1 0.1 plastic sheet clear

1452 17 N10W15 15-20 1 0.5 glass burned, clear

1453 18 N10W15 15-20 1 23.1 ceramic coarse earthenware, body sherd, no glaze

1454 19 N10W15 20-25 1 0.2 charred wood

1455 1 N10W5 5-10 1 1.4 metal spring

1456 1 N10W5 5-10 2 3.6 metal nuts

1457 1 N10W5 5-10 2 1.5 metal wire

1458 1 N10W5 5-10 1 0.1 brick fragment

1459 2 N10W5 5-10 2 0.2 charcoal

1460 3 N10W5 0-5 1 1.4 coal

1461 3 N10W5 0-5 1 0.4 slate

1462 3 N10W5 0-5 1 0.2 plastic degraded

1463 3 N10W5 0-5 1 3.2 glass window glass, clear

1464 4 N10W5 5-10 1 0.1 paper blue ink

1465 4 N10W5 5-10 5 4.6 coal

1466 4 N10W5 5-10 1 2.7 nail no head

1467 4 N10W5 5-10 1 0.5 slate

1468 4 N10W5 5-10 1 0.2 brick

1469 4 N10W5 5-10 1 0.2 plastic degraded

1470 5 N10W5 10-15 1 0.5 slate

1471 5 N10W5 10-15 1 3.6 Bakelite

white with rectangular hole. Likely 1950's ID'ed by Bill Farley

1472 5 N10W5 10-15 7 6.1 coal sample

1473 5 N10W5 10-15 8 4.5 ceramic red earthenware

1474 5 N10W5 10-15 3 1.8 ceramic Whiteware, 1 burned.

31

Flatware

1475 5 N10W5 10-15 2 2.4 glass clear window glass

1476 5 N10W5 10-15 3 1.3 glass melted

1477 5 N10W5 10-15 2 34 mortar

1478 5 N10W5 10-15 1 4.1 metal wire hanger

1479 5 N10W5 10-15 1 28.1 slag

1480 5 N10W5 10-15 2 5.4 nail wire cut modern, 1 with head- ID'ed by Bill Farley

1481 5 N10W5 10-15 1 2.1 metal spring

1482 6 N10W5 15-20 7 1.7 ceramic red earthenware. 2 with brown glaze, 5 no glaze

1483 6 N10W5 15-20 1 0.7 ceramic creamware sherd, ID'ed by Bill Farley

1484 7 N10W5 15-20 3 0.1 charred wood

1485 7 N10W5 15-20 16 13.7 coal

1486 8 N10W5 15-20 2 0.5 glass 1 clear, 1 green

1487 9 N10W5 15-20 19 7.9 brick

1488 10 N10W5 15-20 5 5.6 nail wire cut modern, 1 with head- ID'ed by Bill Farley

1489 10 N10W5 15-20 2 6.7 springs

1490 11 N10W5 15-20 1 95.3 Rock natural, odd grooves

1491 12 N10W5 15-20 1 5.9 bone medium mammal. Medial section

1492 12 N10W5 15-20 1 2.6 shell hard shell clam- weathered

1493 13 N10W5 15-20 1 1.7 mortar

32

Report on 2014 Excavations at the Farwell House Site, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, Connecticut

10-25-2014

Mandy Ranslow

78-184

Farwell House, Mansfield, CT

Art. Inv. # Bag # Unit

Depth (cmbs) Count

Weight (g) Category Comments

1494 1 N5E0 0-18 43 282 asphalt driveway fragments (modern)

1495 1 N5E0 0-18 3 10 slag

1496 1 N15E5 0-10 1 nail machine cut

1497 3 N15E5 20-30 1 nail wire nail

1498 2 N15E5 10-20 1 nail uid fragment

1499 2 N15E5 10-20 3 coarse earthenware black glaze, body sherds

1500 2 N15E5 10-20 2 creamware body sherds

1501 2 N15E5 10-20 3 glass 1 safety, 1 devitrified, 1 clear

1502 2 N15E5 10-20 1 plastic thin, brown, uid



1505 3 N15E5 20-30 1 <1 brick

1506 1 N20E5 0-10 1 shot gun shell copper

1507 1 N20E5 0-10 1 refined earthenware burnt, body sherd

1508 1 N20E5 0-10 3 glass bottle, clear, 1 with label

1509 1 N20E5 0-10 1 plastic rim sherd?

1510 1 N20E5 0-10 1 plastic composite uid fragment

1511 2 N20E5 10-20 3 nail 2 wire nail, 1 uid nail fragment

33

1512 2 N20E5 10-20 1 refined earthenware burnt, body sherd

1513 3 N20E5 20-22 1 nail uid nail

1514 3 N20E5 20-22 1 stoneware salt glazed, bodt sherd, gray

1515 3 N20E5 20-22 1 glass bottle, clear, thin

1516 1 N20E10 0-10 1 creamware rim sherd

1517 1 N20E10 0-10 4 glass bottle glass, 3 clear 1 teal

1518 2 N20E10 10-18 8 nail uid nail fragments

1519 2 N20E10 10-18 6 22 coal

1520 2 N20E10 10-18 2 12 brick 1 glazed

1521 2 N20E10 10-18 2 glass bottle glass, brown

1522 2 N20E10 10-18 8 glass bottle glass, clear, 1 sherd with "N"

Report on 2014 Excavations at the Farwell House Site, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, Connecticut

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