Report of hotel management system

7/24/2019 Report of hotel management system

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Manage

Group

Of

resorts


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ABSTRACTThe system aims at the maintenance and management of the different Hotels

that are available in the different parts of the world. It mainly takes

care of the Hotel management at the core area of the database. The

system provides the information regarding the different Hotels that

are available and their status specific to availability. The database

also manages the atomic information regarding the different units

that are available under one Hotel and the architectural details of the

Unit facilities that are available. Each unit is well furnished and is well

designed for the basic flexibility of the tourists who are expected to

stay.

The entire project has been develped keeping in view of the istributed client

server computing technology in mind.The specification have been

normali!ed upto "#$ to eliminate all the anomalies that may arise

due to the database transactions that are executed by the actual

administration and users.The user interfaces are browser specific to

give distributed accessability for the overall system. The %ean

components have been implemented for proper reusability and

authenticity. The standards of security and date portative mechanism

have been given a big choice for proper usage. The application takescare of different modules and their associated reports which re

produced as per the applicable strategies and standards that are put

forwarded by the administrative staff..


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introductionThe entire project has been develped keeping in view of the istributed client

server computing technology in mind.The specification have been normali!ed

upto "#$ to eliminate all the anomalies that may arise due to the database

transactions that are executed by the actual administration and users.The

total front end was dominated using HT&' standards applied with the

dynamism of ()*) server pages. The communicating client was designed

using servlets. )t all proper levels high care was taken to check that the

system manages the date consistency with proper business validations.The

database connectivity was planned using the (ava ata%ase +onnectivity,the

authori!ation and authori!ation was cross checked at all stages.The user

level accessabiity has been restricted into two !ones the administrative and

the normal user !one.


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About the organisation ExistingProcess:

Guest Visits any

Nearest Hostel or

Motel

Raiser his

Request at the

Clerk for

Accommoation

Clerk !earches

the require

legers for

a"aila#ility

$f not A"aila#le

$% a"aila#le &utthe info at the

guest Vie'Guest may

com&romise 'ith

his requirment

Guest Check therequire

Parameters as&er his

Con"enience

Guest NotCom&romise

$f Pro"ie &lanhis stay

(ea"es fnAnother !ystem


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FeasibilityReport

!ystem Analysis Concentration-

ystem analysis is the process of collecting and interpreting facts, disposing

problem and use the information about the existing system, which is also

called as system study.

ystem analysis is about understanding situation but not solving the

problem.

GENERA( RE)*$REMEN+!:

The new system should be cost effective

To improve productivity and service and service.

To enhance user interface.

To improve information presentation and durability.

To upgrade systems reliability, availability and flexibility.

To address human factors for better and uses acceptance.

%easi#ility Re&ort

+ECH$N$CA( %EA!$,$($+--

Evaluating the technical feasibility is the trickiest part of a feasibility study.

This is because, at this point in time, not too many detailed design of the

system, making it difficult to access issues like performance, costs on /on

account of the kind of technology to be deployed0 etc. ) number of issues

have to be considered while doing a technicalanalysis.


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.PERA+$.NA( %EA!$,$($+--

1roposed projects are beneficial only if they can be turned into information

systems that will meet the organi!ations operating re2uirements. imply

stated, this test of feasibility asks if the system will work when it is

developed and installed. )re there major barriers to Implementation3 Here

are 2uestions that will help test the operational feasibility of a project-

Is there sufficient support for the project from management from users3 If

the current system is well liked and used to the extent that persons will not

be able to see reasons for change, there may be resistance.

EC.N.M$C %EA!$,$($+--

Economic feasibility attempts 4 weigh the costs of developing and

implementing a new system, against the benefits that would accrue from

having the new system in place. This feasibility study gives the top

management the economic justification for the new system.

a0 +echnical /escri&tion

/ata#ases- The total number of databases that were identified to build the

system is 56.The major part of the atabases is categori!ed as

)dministrative components and the user components. The administrative

components are useful in managing the actual master data that may7 be

necessary to maintain the consistency of the system. The user components

are designed to handle the transactional state that arise upon the system

whenever the general client makes a visit onto the system for the sake of the

report based information. The user components are scheduled to accept

parametrical information for the user as per the systems necessity.


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G*$0s

$or the flexibility of the user, the interface has been developed in graphical

user interface mode. The normal interface is applied through browser.

The 8UI9s at the top level has been categori!ed as-

50 )dministrative user interface

40 +ustomer or general user interface

The administrative user interface concentrates on the consistent information

that is practically, pact of the organi!ational activities and which needs

proper authentication for the data collection. The interfaces help the visitorswith all the transactional states like ata insertion, ata deletion and ata

updating with the data search capabilities.

The general user interface helps the users upon the system in transactions

through the re2uired services that are provided upon the system. The

general user interface also helps the ordinary user is managing their own

information in a customi!ed manner as per their flexibilities.


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Software Requirement

Specication

Require Har'are

Pentium $V Processor1

234 M, RAM1

35G, Har /isk s&ace1

Ethernet car 'ith an $nternet an $nternet

6one1

Require !oft'are

7ino's 3555 Professional o&erating system1

$nternet ex&lorer 815 an Netsca&e na"igator1.racle 4i1

!er"lets 9!P

+CP$P Protocol suite1


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Modules Description

#umber of &odules-

)ccommodation Information &odule

Units Information &odule.

%ookings Information &odule.

8uests Information &odule.

$acilities Information &odule.

)++:&&:)TI:# I#$:;&)TI:#- This module maintains all the details of

the )ccommodation location that are available and the units that are

available under each location along with their reference unit types.

U#IT I#$:;&)TI:#- This module maintains the information regarding all

the units that are registered as per specifications and their reference unit

types. The module also takes care of the system from the unit facilities andreference unit facilities that are available.

%::


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This module helps in registering the reference unit facilities that may creep in

into the system from time to time.

#U&%E; :$ *IE=-

)dministrative *iew

8uest *iew

Aministrati"e Vie'

This view is designed for interacting with the absolute &eta ata, which

becomes the ultimate repository to maintain the consistency.

This view is accessible only to registered administrators who are recogni!ed

by the =atershed evelopment central )dministration epartment.

This &odule takes care of the responsibility of the major Table management

for

ata Insertion

ata eletion

ata Updating

ata election

)ll the activities are validated and authenticated to proper profile to avoid un

authori!ed access.

Guest Vie'- In this view the guest can view complete details of available

accommodation list information.


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Analysis Report

!.%+7ARE RE)*$REMEN+ !PEC$%$CA+$.N

RE)*$REMEN+ !PEC$%$CA+$.N-

$N+R./*C+$.N

Pur&ose:The main purpose for preparing this document is to give a general

insight into the analysis and re2uirements of the existing system or situation

and for determining the operating characteristics of the system.

!co&e:This ocument plays a vital role in the development life cycle /'+0

as it describes the complete re2uirement of the system. It is meant for use

by the developers and will be the basic during testing phase. )ny changes

made to the re2uirements in the future will have to go through formal

change approval process.

/e"elo&ers Res&onsi#ilities ."er"ie':

+he e"elo&er is res&onsi#le for:

50 eveloping the system, which meets the ; and solving all the

re2uirements of the system3

40 emonstrating the system and installing the system at client>slocation after the acceptance testing is successful.

"0 ubmitting the re2uired user manual describing the system

interfaces to work on it and also the documents of the system.

?0 +onducting any user training that might be needed for using the

system.

@0 &aintaining the system for a period of one year after installation.


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%unctional Requirements:

$n&uts:The major inputs for =eb %ased )ccommodation can be categori!ed

moduleAwise. %asically all the information is managed by the software and in

order to access the information one has to produce one>s identity by entering

the userAid and password. Every user has their own domain of access beyond

which the access is dynamically refrained rather denied.

.ut&ut:The major outputs of the system are tables and reports. Tables are

created dynamically to meet the re2uirements on demand. ;eports, as it is

obvious, carry the gist of the whole information that flows across the

institution. This application must be able to produce output at different

modules for different inputs.

/ocument Con"entions:

The overall documents for this project use the recogni!ed modeling standards

at the software industries level.

E;A&odeling to concentrate on the relational states existing

upon the system with respect to +ardinality.

The 1hysical dispense, which state the overall data search for

the relational key whereas a transactions is implemented on the

wear entities.

Unified modeling language concepts to give a generali!ed blue

print for the overall system.

The standards of flow charts at the re2uired states that are the

functionality of the operations need more concentration.


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!co&e of +he /e"elo&ment Pro;ect:

/ata#ase +ier: The concentration is applied by adopting the :racle Bi

Enterprise versions. C' is taken as the standard 2uery language. The

overall business rules are designed by using the power of 1'DC'

components like stored procedures stored functions and database triggers.

*ser +ier:The use interface is developed is a browses specific environment

to have distributed architecture. The components are designed using HT&'

standards and (ava server pages power the dynamic of the page design.

/ata ,ase Connecti"ity +ier: The communication architecture is designed

by concentrated on the standards of servlets and (19s. The database

connectivity is established using the (ava atabase connectivity.

Role .f .racle $n /ata#ase

:;)+'E Bi is one of the many database services that plug into a client D

server model. It works efficiently to manage resources, a database

information, among the multiple clients re2uesting sending.

!tructure )uery (anguage

C' is an interAactive language used to 2uery the database and access datain database. C' has the following features-

21 It is a unified language.

31 It is a common language for relational database

>1 It is a nonAprocedural language.


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$ntrouction +o .racle

:;)+'E is a comprehensive operating environment that packs the power of a

mainframe system into user microcomputer. It provides a set of functional

programs that user can use as tools to build structures and perform tasks.%ecause application developed on oracle are completely portable to

environment and then move it into a multi user platform.

7hat is a Relational /ata#ase Management !ystem?

) relational database management system /;%&0 can perform a wide

array of tasks. It acts as a transparent interface between the physical storage

and a logical presentation of data. It provides a set of more or less flexible

and sophisticates tools for handling information. User can use this tool to- Dene a database

Query the database

Add, edit and delete data

Modify the structure of database

Secure data from public access

ommunicate !ithin the net!or"s

#$port and %mport data

%ecause it gives so much control over data, a relational %& can also save

as the foundation for products that generate application and extract data.

) atabase &anagement system may be called fully relational if it supports-

Relational Databases and

A language that is at least as po!erful as the

relational algebra


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+he .racle En"ironment

.RAC(E is modular system that consists of the :;)+'E database and

several functional programs. :;)+'E tools had four kinds of

works-

/ata#ase management

/ata access an mani&ulations

Programming

Connecti"ity

/ata#ase Management +ools

This is usually /known as ;%& by :;)+'E0 includes the core programs of

:racle9s database management system, the :;)+'E database with its

associated tables and views, which are stored in the :racle9s data dictionary

and a group of helpful activities.

Client !er"er7hat is a Client !er"er

Two prominent systems in existence are client server and file server systems.

It is essential to distinguish between client servers and file server systems.

%oth provide shared network access to data but the comparison dens thereF

The file server simply provides a remote disk drive that can be accessed by

')# applications on a fileAbyAfile basis. The clientserver offers full relational

database services such as C'A)ccess, ;ecord modifying, Insert, elete with

full relational integrity backupD restore performance for high volume of

transactions, etc. the client server middleware provides a flexible interface

between client and server, who does what, when and to whom.


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%ront en or *ser $nterface /esign

+he entire user interface is &lanne to #e e"elo&e in #ro'ser s&ecific

en"ironment 'ith a touch of $ntranet@,ase Architecture for

achie"ing the /istri#ute Conce&t1

The browser specific components are designed by using the HT&' standards,

and the dynamism of the designed by concentrating on the constructs of the

(ava erver 1ages.

Communication or /ata#ase Connecti"ity +ier

The +ommunication architecture is designed by concentrating on the

tandards of ervlets and Enterprise (ava %eans. The database connectivity

is established by using the (ava ata %ase +onnectivity.

The standards of threeAtire architecture are given major concentration to

keep the standards of higher cohesion and limited coupling for effectiveness

of the operations.

A#out 9a"a

Initially the language was called as Goak but it was renamed as G(ava in

5@. The primary motivation of this language was the need for a platformA

independent /i.e., architecture neutral0 language that could be used to create

software to be embedded in various consumer electronic devices.

9a"a is a &rogrammer0s language1

9a"a is cohesi"e an consistent1

Exce&t for those constraints im&ose #y the $nternet

en"ironment 9a"a gi"es the &rogrammer full control1

%inally 9a"a is to $nternet &rogramming 'here C 'as to

system &rogramming1


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$m&ortance of 9a"a to the $nternet

(ava has had a profound effect on the Internet. This is because7 (ava

expands the Universe of objects that can move about freely in +yberspace.

In a network, two categories of objects are transmitted between the erver

and the 1ersonal computer. They are- 1assive information and ynamic

active programs. The ynamic, elfAexecuting programs cause serious

problems in the areas of ecurity and probability. %ut, (ava addresses those

concerns and by doing so, has opened the door to an exciting new form of

program called the )pplet.

9a"a can #e use to create t'o ty&es o f &rograms

)pplications and )pplets- )n application is a program that runs on our

+omputer under the operating system of that computer. It is more or less like

one creating using + or +JJ. (ava9s ability to create )pplets makes it

important. )n )pplet is an application designed to be transmitted over the

Internet and executed by a (ava Kcompatible web browser. )n applet is

actually a tiny (ava program, dynamically downloaded across the network,just like an image. %ut the difference is, it is an intelligent program, not just

a media file. It can react to the user input and dynamically change.

%eatures .f 9a"a !ecurity

Every time you that you download a Gnormal program, you are risking a

viral infection. 1rior to (ava, most users did not download executable

programs fre2uently, and those who did scanned them for viruses prior to

execution. &ost users still worried about the possibility of infecting theirsystems with a virus. In addition, another type of malicious program exists

that must be guarded against. (ava answers both these concerns by

providing a Gfirewall between a network application and your computer.


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=hen you use a (avaAcompatible =eb browser, you can safely download (ava

applets without fear of virus infection or malicious intent.

Porta#ility

$or programs to be dynamically downloaded to all the various types ofplatforms connected to the Internet, some means of generating portable

executable code is needed .)s you will see, the same mechanism that helps

ensure security also helps create portability. Indeed, (ava9s solution to these

two problems is both elegant and efficient.

+he ,yte coe

The key that allows the (ava to solve the security and portability problems is

that the output of (ava compiler is %yte code. %yte code is a highly optimi!edset of instructions designed to be executed by the (ava runAtime system,

which is called the (ava *irtual &achine /(*&0. That is, in its standard form,

the (*& is an interpreter for byte code.

Translating a (ava program into byte code helps makes it much easier to run

a program in a wide variety of environments. The reason is, once the runA

time package exists for a given system, any (ava program can run on it.

9a"a Virtual Machine


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."erall /escri&tion

1icture showing the development process of ()*) 1rogram

(ava programming uses to produce byte codes and executes them. The first

box indicates that the (ava source code is located in a. (ava file that is

processed with a (ava compiler called javac. The (ava compiler produces a

file called a. class file, which contains the byte code. The. +lass file is then

loaded across the network or loaded locally on your machine into the

execution environment is the (ava virtual machine, which interprets and

executes the byte code.

9a"a Architecture

(ava architecture provides a portable, robust, high performing environment

for development. (ava provides portability by compiling the byte codes for

the (ava *irtual &achine, which is then interpreted on each platform by the

runAtime environment. (ava is a dynamic system, able to load code when

needed from a machine in the same room or across the planet.

Com&ilation of coe

=hen you compile the code, the (ava compiler creates machine code /called

byte code0 for a hypothetical machine called (ava *irtual &achine /(*&0. The

(*& is supposed to execute the byte code. The (*& is created for overcoming

the issue of portability. The code is written and compiled for one machine and

interpreted on all machines. This machine is called (ava *irtual &achine.

Java Source Java byte code JavaVM

Java Class


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Compiling and interpreting Java Source Code

uring runAtime the (ava interpreter tricks the byte code file into thinking

that it is running on a (ava *irtual &achine. In reality this could be a Intel

1entium =indows @ or un);+ station running olaris or )pple &acintosh

running system and all could receive code from any computer through

Internet and run the )pplets.

Simple

(ava was designed to be easy for the 1rofessional programmer to learn and

to use effectively. If you are an experienced +JJ programmer, learning (ava

will be even easier. %ecause (ava inherits the +D+JJ syntax and many of the

object oriented features of +JJ. &ost of the confusing concepts from +JJ

are either left out of (ava or implemented in a cleaner, more approachable

manner. In (ava there are a small number of clearly defined ways to

accomplish a given task.

Source

Code

..

..

..

PC Compiler

Macintosh

Compiler

SPARC

Compiler

Java

Byte code

(Platform

Indepen

dent)

JavaInterpreter

(PC)

Java

Interpreter

(Macintosh)

Java

Interpreter

(Spare)


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MySQL

What Is MySQL?

My!)(, the most popular :pen ource C' database, is developed,

distributed, and supported by My!)( )%. &yC' )% is a commercial

company, founded by the My!)( developers, that builds its business

providing services around the &yC'database.

My!)(is a database management system.

) database is a structured collection of data. It may be anything from a

simple shopping list to a picture gallery or the vast amounts of

information in a corporate network. To add, access, and process datastored in a computer database, you need a database management system

such as &yC'erver.

My!)(is a relational database management system.

) relational database stores data in separate tables rather than putting all

the data in one big storeroom. This adds speed and flexibility. The C'

part of LL&yC'>> stands for LLtructured Cuery 'anguage>>. C' is the most

common standardised language used to access databases and is defined

by the )#IDI: C' tandard

!)( software is :pen ource.

:pen ourcemeans that it is possible for anyone to use and modify the

software. )nybody can download the &yC' software from the Internet

and use it without paying anything.

7hy use the My!)( /ata#ase !er"er?

The &yC' atabase erveris very fast, reliable, and easy to use. If that is

what you are looking for, you should give it a try. &yC' erveralso has a

practical set of features developed in close cooperation with our users.

&yC' erverwas originally developed to handle large databases much

faster than existing solutions and has been successfully used in highly

demanding production environments for several years.
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+he Main %eatures of My!)(:

The following list describes some of the important characteristics of the

&yC' atabase oftware.

$nternals an Porta#ility:

=ritten in + and +JJ. Tested with a broad range of different

compilers.

=orks on many different platforms. on :perating ystems

upported by &yC'.

Uses 8#U )utomake, )utoconf, and 'ibtool for portability.

)1Is for +, +JJ, Eiffel, (ava, 1erl, 1H1, 1ython, ;uby, and Tcl. ee

section B &yC' )1Is.

$ully multiAthreaded using kernel threads. This means it can easily

use multiple +1Us if available.

Transactional and nonAtransactional storage engines.

*ery fast %Atree disk tables /&yI)&0 with index compression.

;elatively easy to add another storage engine. This is useful if you

want to add an C' interface to an inAhouse database.

) very fast threadAbased memory allocation system.

*ery fast joins using an optimised oneAsweep multiAjoin.

InAmemory hash tables which are used as temporary tables.

C' functions are implemented through a highly optimised class

library and should be as fast as possible. Usually there isn>t any

memory allocation at all after 2uery initialisation.

The &yC' code gets tested with 1urify /a commercial memory

leakage detector0 as well as with *algrind, a 81' tool

/http-DDdeveloper.kde.orgDMsewardjD0.)vailable as clientDserver or embedded /linked0 version.
http://e/java%20orientd%20softwares/MySQL/DOCS/manual_toc.html#Featureshttp://e/java%20orientd%20softwares/MySQL/DOCS/manual.html#Which_OShttp://e/java%20orientd%20softwares/MySQL/DOCS/manual.html#Which_OShttp://e/java%20orientd%20softwares/MySQL/DOCS/manual.html#Clientshttp://developer.kde.org/~sewardj/http://e/java%20orientd%20softwares/MySQL/DOCS/manual_toc.html#Featureshttp://e/java%20orientd%20softwares/MySQL/DOCS/manual.html#Which_OShttp://e/java%20orientd%20softwares/MySQL/DOCS/manual.html#Which_OShttp://e/java%20orientd%20softwares/MySQL/DOCS/manual.html#Clientshttp://developer.kde.org/~sewardj/


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Commans an %unctions:

$ull operator and function support in the E'E+T and

=HE;Eclauses of 2ueries. $or example-

mys2lN E'E+T +:#+)T/firstOname, P P, lastOname0

$;:& tblOname

=HE;E incomeDdependents N 56666 )# age N "67

$ull support for C' 8;:U1 %Q and :;E; %Q clauses.

upport for group functions /+:U#T/0,

+:U#T/ITI#+T ...0, )*8/0, T/0, U&/0, &)R/0, &I#/0,

and 8;:U1O+:#+)T/00.

upport for 'E$T :UTE; (:I#and ;I8HT :UTE; (:I#with

both standard C' and :%+ syntax.upport for aliases on tables and columns as re2uired by

C'A4.

E'ETE, I#E;T, ;E1')+E, and U1)TEreturn the number

of rows that were changed /affected0. It is possible to

return the number of rows matched instead by setting a

flag when connecting to the server.

The &yC'Aspecific H:= command can be used to

retrieve information about databases, tables, and

indexes. The ER1')I#command can be used to determine

how the optimiser resolves a 2uery.

$unction names do not clash with table or column names.

$or example, )% is a valid column name. The only

restriction is that for a function call, no spaces are

allowed between the function name and the L/> that

follows it. ee section S.5. Is &yC' 1icky )bout

;eserved =ords3.

Qou can mix tables from different databases in the same

2uery /as of *ersion ".440.
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!ecurity:

) privilege and password system that is very flexible and secure, and

allows hostAbased verification. 1asswords are secure because all password

traffic is encrypted when you connect to a server.

Connecti"ity:

+lients may connect to the &yC' server using T+1DI1

ockets, Unix ockets /Unix0, or #amed 1ipes /#T0.

:%+/:penAata%aseA+onnectivity0 support for =in"4 /with

source0. )ll :%+ 4.@ functions are supported, as are many

others. $or example, you can use & )ccess to connect to

your &yC'server. ee section B.4 &yC' :%+ upport.

SERVLETS

Introduction

The (ava web server is (avaoft>s own web erver. The (ava web server is

just a part of a larger framework, intended to provide you not just with a web

server, but also with tools. To build customi!ed network servers for any

Internet or Intranet clientDserver system. ervlets are to a web server, how

applets are to the browser.

About Servlets

ervlets provide a (avaAbased solution used to address the problems

currently associated with doing serverAside programming, including

inextensible scripting solutions, platformAspecific )1Is, and incomplete

interfaces.

ervlets are objects that conform to a specific interface that can be plugged

into a (avaAbased server. ervlets are to the serverAside what applets are to

the clientAside A object byte codes that can be dynamically loaded off the net.

They differ from applets in that they are faceless objects /without graphics or

a 8UI component0. They serve as platform independent, dynamically
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loadable, plugable helper byte code objects on the server side that can be

used to dynamically extend serverAside functionality.

$or example, an HTT1 ervlets can be used to generate dynamic HT&'

content. =hen you use ervlets to do dynamic content you get the following

advantages-

They9re faster and cleaner than +8I scripts

They use a standard )1I /the ervlets )1I0

They provide all the advantages of (ava /run on a variety of

servers without needing to be rewritten0.

A"antages of the !er"let AP$

:ne of the great advantages of the ervlet )1I is protocol independence. It

assumes nothing about-

The protocol being used to transmit on the net

How it is loaded

The server environment it will be running in

These 2ualities are important, because it allows the ervlet )1I to be

embedded in many different kinds of servers. There are other advantages to

the ervlet )1I as well. These include-

It9s extensible A you can inherit all your functionality from the base

classes made available to you.

It9s simple, small, and easy to use.

%eatures of !er"lets

ervlets are persistent. ervlet are loaded only by the web server

and can maintain services between re2uests.

ervlets are fast. ince ervlets only need to be loaded once, they

offer much better performance over their +8I counterparts.


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ervlets are platform independent.

ervlets are extensible. (ava is a robust, objectAoriented

programming language, which easily can be extended to suit your

needs

ervlets are secure.

ervlets can be used with a variety of clients.

Loading Servlets

Servlets can be loaded from three places

$rom a directory that is on the +')1)TH. The +')1)TH of the(ava=eberver includes service rootDclassesD which is where the system

classes reside.

$rom the E;*I+EO;::T DervletsD directory. This is VnotV in the

server9s class path. ) class loader is used to create ervlets from this

directory. #ew ervlets can be added A existing ervlets can be recompiled

and the server will notice these changes.

$rom a remote location. $or this a code base like http- DD nine.eng D classes Dfoo D is re2uired in addition to the ervlets class name. ;efer to the admin

8UI docs on ervlet section to see how to set this up.

Loading Remote Servlets

;emote ervlets can be loaded by-

5. +onfiguring the )dmin Tool to setup automatic loading of remote

ervlets

4. etting up server side include tags in. shtml files

". efining a filter chain configuration

9a"a!cri&t


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(avacript is a scriptAbased programming language that was developed by

#etscape +ommunication +orporation. (avacript was originally called 'ive

cript and renamed as (avacript to indicate its relationship with (ava.

(avacript supports the development of both client and server components of

=ebAbased applications. :n the client side, it can be used to write programs

that are executed by a =eb browser within the context of a =eb page. :n

the server side, it can be used to write =eb server programs that can process

information submitted by a =eb browser and then updates the browser9s

display accordingly

Even though (avacript supports both client and server =eb programming,

we prefer (avacript at +lient side programming since most of the browsers

supports it. (avacript is almost as easy to learn as HT&', and (avacript

statements can be included in HT&' documents by enclosing the statements

between a pair of scripting tags

+;I1TN.. D+;I1TN.

+;I1T ')#8U)8E W G(avacriptN

(avacript statements

D+;I1TN

Here are a few things we can do with (avacript-

*alidate the contents of a form and make calculations.

)dd scrolling or changing messages to the %rowser9s status line.

)nimate images or rotate images that change when we move

the mouse over them.

etect the browser in use and display different content for

different browsers.

etect installed plugAins and notify the user if a plugAin is

re2uired.

=e can do much more with (avacript, including creating entire application.


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Hy&er +ext Marku& (anguage

Hypertext &arkup 'anguage /HT&'0, the languages of the =orld =ide =eb

/===0, allows users to produces =eb pages that include text, graphics and

pointer to other =eb pages /Hyperlinks0. Hyperlinks are underlined or emphasi!ed works that load to other

documents or some portions of the

,asic H+M( +ags :

B @@ @@D pecifies comments

BAD1BAD +reates hypertext links

B,D1B,D $ormats text as bold

B,$GD1B,$GD $ormats text in large font.

B,./-DB,./-D +ontains all tags and text in the HT&'

document

BCEN+ERD111BCEN+ERD +reates text

B//DB//D efinition of a term

B/(D111B/(D +reates definition list

B%.N+DB%.N+D $ormats text with a particular font

B%.RMD111B%.RMD Encloses a fillAout form

B%RAMED111B%RAMED efines a particular frame in a set of framesBHFDBHFD +reates headings of different levels

BHEA/D111BHEA/D +ontains tags that specify information about

a document

BHRD111BHRD +reates a hori!ontal rule

BH+M(DBH+M(D +ontains all other HT&' tags

BME+AD111BME+AD 1rovides metaAinformation about a document

B!CR$P+DB!CR$P+D +ontains clientAside or serverAside script

B+A,(EDB+A,(ED +reates a table

B+/DB+/D Indicates table data in a table

B+RDB+RD esignates a table row

B+HDB+HD +reates a heading in a table


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A"antages

) HT&' document is small and hence easy to send over the net.

It is small because it does not include formatted information.

HT&' is platform independent.

HT&' tags are not caseAsensitive.

9a"a /ata#ase Connecti"ity

7hat $s 9/,C?

(%+ is a (ava )1I for executing C' statements. /)s a point of interest,

(%+ is a trademarked name and is not an acronym7 nevertheless, (%+ is

often thought of as standing for (ava atabase +onnectivity. It consists of a

set of classes and interfaces written in the (ava programming language. (%+

provides a standard )1I for toolDdatabase developers and makes it possible

to write database applications using a pure (ava )1I.

Using (%+, it is easy to send C' statements to virtually any relational

database. :ne can write a single program using the (%+ )1I, and the

program will be able to send C' statements to the appropriate database.

The combinations of (ava and (%+ lets a programmer write it once and run

it anywhere.

7hat /oes 9/,C /o?

imply put, (%+ makes it possible to do three things-

Establish a connection with a database

end C' statements

1rocess the results.

9/,C "ersus ./,C an other AP$s

)t this point, &icrosoft>s :%+ /:pen atabase +onnectivity0 )1I is that

probably the most widely used programming interface for accessing relational


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databases. It offers the ability to connect to almost all databases on almost

all platforms.

In the threeAtier model, commands are sent to a Pmiddle tierP of services,

which then send C' statements to the database. The database processes

the C' statements and sends the results back to the middle tier, which thensends them to the user. &I directors find the threeAtier model very

attractive because the middle tier makes it possible to maintain control over

access and the kinds of updates that can be made to corporate data. )nother

advantage is that when there is a middle tier, the user can employ an easyA

toAuse higherAlevel )1I which is translated by the middle tier into the

JAVA

Application

JDBC

DBMS

Client machine

DBMS-proprietary protocol

Database server

Java applet or

Html browser

Application

Server (Java)JDBC

DBMS

Client machine (GUI)

HTTP, RMI, or CORBA calls

Server machine (business Logic)DBMS-proprietary protocol

Database server


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appropriate lowAlevel calls. $inally, in many cases the threeAtier architecture

can provide performance advantages.

&D'(OD' 'ridge

If possible, use a 1ure (ava (%+ driver instead of the %ridge and an

:%+ driver. This completely eliminates the client configuration re2uired

by :%+. It also eliminates the potential that the (ava *& could be

corrupted by an error in the native code brought in by the %ridge /that is,

the %ridge native library, the :%+ driver manager library, the :%+

driver library, and the database client library0.

What Is the JDBC- DBC Bridge!

The (%+A:%+ %ridge is a (%+ driver, which implements (%+

operations by translating them into :%+ operations. To :%+ it appears

as a normal application program. The %ridge implements (%+ for any

database for which an :%+ driver is available. The %ridge is

implemented as the

un.jdbc.odbc (ava package and contains a native library used to access:%+. The %ridge is a joint development of Innersole and (ava oft.

Java Server "ages #JS"$

(ava server 1ages is a simple, yet powerful technology for creating and

maintaining dynamicAcontent web pages. %ased on the (ava programming

language, (ava erver 1ages offers proven portability, open standards,

and a mature reAusable component model .The (ava erver 1ages

architecture enables the separation of content generation from contentpresentation. This separation not eases maintenance headaches7 it also

allows web team members to focus on their areas of expertise. #ow, web

page designer can concentrate on layout, and web application designers

on programming, with minimal concern about impacting each other9s

work.


32/50

Features of JSP

"ortabilit%&

(ava erver 1ages files can be run on any web server or webAenabled

application server that provides support for them. ubbed the (1 engine,this support involves recognition, translation, and management of the

(ava erver 1age lifecycle and its interaction components.

Components

It was mentioned earlier that the (ava erver 1ages architecture can

include reusable (ava components. The architecture also allows for theembedding of a scripting language directly into the (ava erver 1ages file.

The components current supported include (ava %eans, and ervlets.

"rocessing

) (ava erver 1ages file is essentially an HT&' document with (1

scripting or tags. The (ava erver 1ages file has a (1 extension to the

server as a (ava erver 1ages file. %efore the page is served, the (ava

erver 1ages syntax is parsed and processed into a ervlet on the serverside. The ervlet that is generated outputs real content in straight HT&'

for responding to the client.

.

JDBC connectivit%

The (%+ provides databaseAindependent connectivity between the (4EE

platform and a wide range of tabular data sources. (%+ technology allows

an )pplication +omponent 1rovider to-

1erform connection and authentication to a database server

&anager transactions

&ove C' statements to a database engine for preprocessing and

execution

Execute stored procedures


33/50

Inspect and modify the results from elect statements

"urpose

The generated application is the first version upon the system. The overall

system is planned to be in the formal of distributed architecture withhomogeneous database platform. The major objective of the overall system

is to keep the following components intact.

ystem consistency ystem integrity :verall security of data ata

reliability and )ccuracy User friendly name both at administration and user

levels +onsidering the fact of generality and clarity To cross check that the

system overcomes the hurdles of the version specific standards


34/50

!esign !ocument

The entire system is projected with a physical diagram which specifics

the actual storage parameters that are physically necessary for anydatabase to be stored on to the disk. The overall systems existential

idea is derived from this diagram.

The relation upon the system is structure through a conceptual E;A

iagram, which not only specifics the existential entities but also the

standard relations through which the system exists and the

cardinalities that are necessary for the system state to continue.

The content level $ is provided to have an idea of the functional

inputs and outputs that are achieved through the system. The

system depicts the input and out put standards at the high level of

the systems existence.

/ata %lo' /iagrams

This iagram server two purpose.

1rovides an indication of how date is transformed as it moves

through the system.

isputes the functions and sub functions that transforms the

dataflow.

The ata flow diagram provides additional information that is

used during the analysis of the information domain, and server as

a basis for the modeling of functions.

The description of each function presented in the $ is contained

is a process specifications called as 11E+


35/50

7E, ,A!E/

ACC.M./A+$.

N *PH.(/$NG!-!+EM

*nits $nfo

Amin

Guest

Accommoation $nfo

,ooking $nfo

Guests

%acilities $nfo


36/50

*nits %acilities Registration %lo'

"#

$enerate %!&'

""

(alidateRefunt

)acilities

*nit )acilities + Ref *nit )acilities

*nit )acilities

Scope out ifnotgenerated

*nit)acilities

Registration

Commit&'

Returnif

not

found

,#

$enerate %!&'

,"

(alidateRef

$ender

$uest

+ Ref *nit )acilities

$uest

Registration

)pdateDataba

se)alse

%f )ailed


37/50

Guest Registration %lo'

ER@/iagrams

The entity ;elationship iagram /E;0 depicts the relationship

between the data objects. The E; is the notation that is used

to conduct the date modeling activity the attributes of each data

object noted is the E; can be described resign a data object

descriptions.

The set of primary components that are identified by the E;

are

ata object ;elationships

)ttributes *arious types of indicators.

The primary purpose of the E; is to represent data objects and

their relationships.

-#

$enerate %!&'

-"

(alidateAccom

.ocation

*nits

*nit

Registration

/rocess )alse

-,

(alidateRef *nitType

D'

Accommodation.ocation

%f )ailed

Commit&'


38/50

)se ase Diagrams

Use cases model the system from the end users point of view, with the

following objectives

+o efine the functional an o&erational requirements

of the system #y efining a scenario of usage1

+o &ro"ie a class an unam#iguous escri&tion of

ho' the en user an the system interact 'ith one

another1

+o &ro"ie a #asis for "aliation testing1

*nits ,ooking

@ *#ook $/

0 *nit %!0 $uest %!

0 Boo1ing StatusC!

$nsert


39/50

Accommoation

@ (ocation $/

0 .ocation 2ame0 .ocation )ull 2ame

0 .ocation !esc

$nsert


40/50

Guest

@ Guest $/

0 $ender Code

$nsert


41/50

:%(E+T I)8;)&

Ref Gen .# : Ref Gener

*nits o# : *nits

Ref *nit o# : Ref *nits +y&es

All (oc .# : All (ocations

*nit felt o# : *nit %acilites

*nits o# : *nits

*nit ,kng .# : *nit ,ooking

Guest .# : Guest

*nits o# : *nits

Guest o# : Guest

*nit ,ooking o# : *nit ,ookings

(ocation .# : (ocation

C(A!! C.((A,.RA+$.N

: Guest : Ref Gener"

: *nit ,ookings : Guest : Ref Gener

: *nits

,


42/50

: *nits : Accommoation (ocation

: *nit %acilites

-

: Ref *nit %acilits

: Ref *nit +y&es

: *nit ,ookings : *nits : (ocations

: Guest

4

: Vie' *nit !tatus : *nits : (ocations

: *nit ,kng $/

54

: Ref ,kng !tatus

: Guests

: Ref Gener


43/50

2= ECUE#+E I)8;)&

40 8UET ;E8IT;)TI:# ECUE#+E

: unit Fac Ref Frm : *nit %acilities : Ref *nit %acilites

R

R

Amin

%ail if not %oun


44/50

>0 U#IT ;E8IT;)TI:# ECUE#+E

?0 U#IT %::


45/50

Program /esign (anguage

The program design language is also called as structured English

or pseudopodia. 1' is a generic reference for a design

language 1' looks like a modern language. The difference

between 1' and real programming language lies in the

narrative text embedded directly within 1' statements.

+he characteristics require #y a esign language are:

) fixed system of keywords that provide for all structured

constructs date declaration and modularity characteristics.

) free syntax of natural language that describes processing

features.

ate declaration facilities that should include both simple and

complex data structures.

ubprogram definition and calling techni2ues that support

various nodes of interface description.

1' syntax should include constructs for subprogram definition, interface

description date declaration techni2ues for structuring, conditions constructs,

repetition constructs and ID: constructs.

1' can be extended to include keywords for multitasking andDor concurrent

processing interrupt handling, interposes synchroni!ation the application

design for which 1' is to be used should dictate the final form for the design

language1


46/50

Testing

Testing is the process of detecting errors. Testing performs a very critical role

for 2uality assurance and for ensuring the reliability of software. The results

of testing are used later on during maintenance also.

1sychology of Testing

The aim of testing is often to demonstrate that a program works by showing

that it has no errors. The basic purpose of testing phase is to detect the

errors that may be present in the program. Hence one should not start

testing with the intent of showing that a program works, but the intent

should be to show that a program doesn9t work. Testing is the process of

executing a program with the intent of finding errors.

+e.els of esting

In order to uncover the errors present in different phases we have the

concept of levels of testing. The basic levels of testing are as shown

belowX+lient #eeds

Requirements

!esign

Code

AcceptanceTesting

System Testing

Integration Testing

Unit Testing


47/50

System esting

The philosophy behind testing is to find errors. Test cases are devised with

this in mind. ) strategy employed for system testing is code testing.

ode esting*

This strategy examines the logic of the program. To follow this method we

developed some test data that resulted in executing every instruction in the

program and module i.e. every path is tested. ystems are not designed as

entire nor are they tested as single systems. To ensure that the coding is

perfect two types of testing is performed or for that matter is performed or

that matter is performed or for that matter is performed on all systems.

ypes Of esting

)nit esting

+in" esting

)nit esting

Unit testing focuses verification effort on the smallest unit of software i.e. the

module. Using the detailed design and the process specifications testing is

done to uncover errors within the boundary of the module. )ll modules must

be successful in the unit test before the start of the integration testing

begins.

+in" esting

'ink testing does not test software but rather the integration of each module

in system. The primary concern is the compatibility of each module. The

1rogrammer tests where modules are designed with different parameters,

length, type etc.

%ntegration esting


48/50

)fter the unit testing we have to perform integration testing. The goal here is

to see if modules can be integrated properly, the emphasis being on testing

interfaces between modules. This testing activity can be considered as

testing the design and hence the emphasis on testing module interactions.

System esting

Here the entire software system is tested. The reference document for this

process is the re2uirements document, and the goal os to see if software

meets its re2uirements.

Acceptance esting

)cceptance Test is performed with realistic data of the client to demonstrate

that the software is working satisfactorily. Testing here is focused on

external behavior of the system7 the internal logic of program is not

emphasi!ed.


49/50

conclusions An Recommenations

The entire project has been developed and deployed as per the re2uirements

stated by the user, it is found to be bug free as per the testing standards that

are implemented. )ny specification untraced errors will be concentrated in

the coming versions, which are planned to be developed in near future. The

system at present does not take care off the money payment methods, as

the consolidated constructs need ' standards and are critically to be

initiated in the first face, the application of the credit card transactions is

applied as a developmental phase in the coming days. The system needs

more elaborative technicality for its inception and evolution.


50/50

,i#liogra&hy-

;eferences for the 1roject evelopment =ere Taken $rom the following

,ooks an 7e# !ites.

:racle

1'DC' 1rogramming by cott Urman

C' complete reference by 'ivion

()*) Technologies

()*) +omplete ;eference

(ava cript 1rogramming by Qehuda hiran

&astering ()*) ecurity

Head $irst E(% ierra %ates

(4EE 1rofessional by hadab siddi2ui()*) server pages by 'arne 1ekowsley

()*) erver pages by #ick Todd

HT&'

HT&' %lack %ook by Hol!ner

(%+

(ava atabase 1rogramming with (%+ by 1atel moss.

oftware Engineering by ;oger 1ressman

Report of hotel management system

Documents