Report Assignment 2 Group 9

Mohammad Sofa Khodi (1106068453)

UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA

Anti Rust Product

Report Assigment 2

GROUP 9

GROUP PERSONEL

Akbar Hasani (1106053016)

Ikhwan Muttaqin (1106010925)

Mohammad Sofa Khodi (1106068453)

Mutiara Kartini (1106000275)

Ria Kusuma Dewi (1106005396)

DEPARTEMEN TEKNIK KIMIA

FAKULTAS TEKNIK

UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA

DEPOK 2014

ii

CONTENT

COVER i

CONTENT ii

PICTURE LIST iii

TABLE LIST iv

CHAPTER V GENERATING CONCEPT 1

5.1 Background Of Ideas 1

5.2 Problem Decomposition 4

5.3 Existing Ideas Concept 5

5.4 New Ideas Concept 8

5.4.1 Anti Rut Product Principle 8

5.4.2 Anti Rust Product Form 10

5.4.3 Desired Criteria for Packaging 12

5.5 Combination of New and Existing Concept 12

CHAPTER VI CONCEPT SELECTION 16

6.1 Concept Screening 16

6.1.1 Preparing the Matrix of Concept Idea Selection 18

6.1.2 Determining rate of The Concept 20

6.1.3 Ranking The Concepts 22

6.1.4 Combining and Improving The Concept Ideas 22

6.1.5 Choosing One Concept idea or More 22

6.1.6 Rechecking The Result 23

6.2 Concept Scoring 23

6.2.1 Prepare Metric Concept Selection 26

6.2.2 Rate The Concept 26

6.2.3 Rank The Concept 26

6.2.4 Combine and Improved The Concept 26

6.3 Concept Testing 30

6.3.1 Determining The Purpose From Concept Testing 30

6.3.2 Determining The Survey Population 30

6.3.3 Determining The Survey Format 31

6.3.4 Communicating The Product Concept 31

6.3.5 Calculating The Customer Respond 31

6.4 Product Description 32

6.4.1 Product Position 32

6.4.2 Final Spesification of Product Design 35

CHAPTER VII CONCLUSION 36

REFERENCES 37

iii

PICTURE LIST

Figure 5.1 Steps in Concept Generation 1

Figure 5.2 Existing Concept Product Mind Mapping 7

Figure 5.3 Mind Map of New Concept Generate 15

Figure 5.4 Combination of New and Existing Product 15

Figure 6.1.Mind Map of Idea Selection 30

Figure 6.2 Target Survey Background 31

Figure 7.1 Perceptual Mapping of New Anti-Rust Product 35

iv

TABLE LIST

Tabel 5.1 Product Properties 2

Table 5.2 Composition of Anti Rust Product 4

Table 5.3 Concept Description 6

Table 5.4 Anti rust product Principle 10

Table 5.5 Anti rust product Principle Composition 12

Table 5.6 New Concept Generated For Anti Rust Product 14

Table 6.1.First Stage of Concept Screening (Eliminated Concepts) 17

Table 6.2.Concept Idea Selection 19

Table 6.3. Selection Criteria for Concept Screening 20

Table 6.4.Concept Screening 21

Table 6.5.Ranking of the Concepts 22

Table 6.6.Chosen Concept Ideas 23

Table 6.7 Re-expanded Screened Concepts Table 24

Table 6.8 Concept Scoring 27

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Universitas Indonesia

CHAPTER V

CONCEPT GENERATION

5.1 Background of Ideas

Based on previous chapter, we have identified the list of needs by

interviewing 60 respondent from different job. Mostly, consumer want an anti rust

product that have long time protectionand other good values of environmetally

effect. After knowing the consumer needs and desire through interview and some

information from literature, it is conclude that there are still some improvement

which should be done in order to anti rust product for automotive and home

appliance using. According to the needs, we are going to generate new concept

which will later on be evaluated, screened, scored and chosen. Therefore, the

concept are formulated to fulfill those needs. The process of determining the idea

and design concept consists of some stages using the methods described in the

figure below.

Figure 5.1 Steps in Concept Generation

(Sumber : Ulrich,2004)

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Figure 5.1 describe about the concept generation process, which the first step

is clarify the problem. It is mostly essential to know what is the main problem of

making an anti rust product which can compete with an existing product. In this

step, we also decompose the problem into point of proble, so it will be easy for us

to indentify the problem. After knowing the problem, we should search hints for

finding related solution by searching externally and internally. After that, we must

explore systematically what is the concept combination from identifying the

internally and externally solution. Then, just reflect on the solution and the

process in the end of this chapter. Look back to the step one, evaluate and create

the new product concepts.

Based on introduction above, the next step we should do is generating

concept, but before generating them, we must know the first goal of an anti rust

product. This table below describe about the Anti Rust Product’s Properties.

Tabel 5.1 Product Properties

NO PRODUCT PROPERTIES

1 Increase the time of protection

2 Increase the quality of lubricating the metal

3 Removing rust from the metal

4 Is easy to use

5 Has high viscosity to stay on object

6 Is composed glossy compound in giving glossy effect

7 Is eco-friendly

8 Has no side effect in using the product

9 Is odorless

10 Is without flammable compound

11 Is affordable but convincing price

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From list of properties above, we want to have a product that have

spesification such as describe below :

(1) Multifunctionality and eco-friendly content to reducing the side effect of

using the anti rust product

(2) Is easy to use with simple packaging but completely double seal protection

(3) Processes with high absorbtion technology

These key goals of our product is defined by issue which coming from

consumer in the society of using anti rust product. The complains of the

consumers are leading to those three above, especially the first and second one.

Thus, we are focusing on the first and second requirement to fulfill the needs of

consumer. Mostly of consumer want a natural product to minimalize the using of

petroleum as shown on existing product, some of them said that the utilizing of

natural material was better choise if we want consider the environment side effect.

The second requirement is packaged by double seal protection as the complains of

consumer which said that the packaging of existing product are not too simple to

use and actually cause gook in the surface of metal. And the last most requirement

is processed by high absorbtion technology in order to deliver the long time

protection.

After describe the main requirement as above, next step to make it clearly, we

also describe what material we want to use to enhance the function of our anti rust

product. As mentioned in assignment 1, we want use “tanin” as main content

which come from “gambir”. Gambir is plant which contain of organic and

anorganic compound and inside of the compound contain of cluster which have

free paired electrons such as tanin, katechin, pyrocatecol, florisin, lilin, and fixed

oil. In this case, we wantto use the tanin as organic inhibitor because tanin have

specific properties like water soluble, contains of fenol with OH cluster, moth

proof and able to bind the heavy metal.

Tanin compound is polyfenol compound which can form complex disoluble

with the metal. The complex which is formed will be adsorp of the metal surface

in such away that can obstruct corrosion rate. Besides, we no longer include the

raw material and other chemical factor as part of concept generation. As

mentioned in the paragraph before that we focus on the content, form, and the way

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intake of our product as the concept and use selection criterias that differenciate

the concepts based on the fact that the biggest issue for such product is the

multifunctionality and eco friendly content, wether intake or not.

Therefore, we clarify about the spesific composition of our anti rust product

is as following.

Table 5.2 Composition of Anti Rust Product

No Substance

1 Tanin

2 Solvent

3 Acetat Acid

4 Palm Oil

5 Parfume Agent

Whereas all concepts generated and selected later on are able to and must

possess this specific composition to have the right and effective function.

Nevertheless, the true specifications and doses for our product will be declared

once and for all in the next chapter, in the process of specification formulation

(manufacturing).

5.2 Problem Decomposition

After we seeing background of this product design, we should know the

problem decompostion which explain what the problem is must be solved. By

understanding the problem decomposition, we can make a great concept to

compete them and take over the market. As we knew, a concept of a product

consists of the way or the mechanism of its work and also the form of the product.

Splitting (decomposing) step aims to break theunderlying theme of product

design into sub-problems to be more simple and easy for developing it. In

addition, the splitting also aims to analyze the sub-function of prime problem

statement. Here is the problem decomposition which is listed by some questions

born from the problem breakdown.

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a. Could the anti rust product is formulated as multifunctionality which has

preventing, lubricating, and also removing the rust in the surface of metal?

b. Could we enhance the anti rust product effectively has better long time

protection?

c. Could the anti rust product have odorless specification when it is sprayed

into the metal?

d. How to make anti rust product with affordable price but high quality, not

only on the function but also the packaging?

e. What the composition of natural contains which is lacked for making the

eco friendly anti rust product?

f. How to make the anti rust product is easily to use?

g. What ingredient which can be used to create a non flammable anti rust

product?

h. How to make an anti rust product which affect the surface of metal

become more glossy?

From splitting the main problem into sub-problems above, the next step to

be done is the development and discovery of ideas related to the theme of the

product design “Multifunctionality and Eco-Friendly Anti Rust Product in order to

obstructing the corossion rate that also easily to use and has long term protection

to the metal” by referring to the ideas in existing product combined with new

ideas that do not exist at all or are still in the development stage.

5.3 Existing Ideas Product

After we seeing the sub problem which is derived from the big problem, we

should know the main concept of existing product which has position in the

market. By understanding the idea of competitor product, we can make a great

concept to compete them and take over the market. As we knew, a concept of a

product consists of the way or the mechanism of its work and also the form of the

product.

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Table 5.3 Concept Description

No Product Kind of

Concept

Concept Description

1 WD 40 Working

Principle

High Absorption method on metal surface

Form protective wall between dew and

metal

Shape Spray form

Material and

Using

Petroleum material based

Moving metal using

2 Valugard Working

Principle

Atomized system process in preventing

rust

Corrosion resistant material which coating

and protecting metal surface

Shape Semi viscous aerosol form

Material and

Using

Oil material based

Moving and non moving using

3 KrownT40 Working

Principle

Using inverta spray technology

Protect metal by forming barrier

Shape Aerosol form

Material and

Using

Petroleum based

No solvent or toxins

Non moving using

4 Noverox Working

Principle

Spraying and painting principle

Reacting chemically with rust and form

solid black layer by coating

Shape Fluid/liquid form

Material and

Using

No toxins which cause pollution

Epoxy resin based

Moving and non moving using

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Table 5.3 Concept Description (continued)

No Product Kind of Concept Concept Description

5 Desi Pak Working Principle High absorbtion process in

protecting metal form rust

Protecting metal by reducing the

moisture

Shape Solid form

Material and Properties Non volatile properties

Non flammable principle

Using Oxides based

Non moving using

From the table,we can describe the existing concept by mind mapping model.

Mind mapping use to explain the brief concept in the simple form and easy to

understand. In terms of usage and usefulness function, an anti rust product that is

being developed has other functions that can not be obtained from existing anti

rust product Here is a mind map of existing anti rust product.

Figure 5.2 Existing Concept Product Mind Mapping

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5.4 New Concept

5.4.1 Anti Rust Product Principle

Anti rust product should to prevent the metal from corrosion processes.

There is many kind of working principle that can implemented for anti rust

product. The concept of working principle is shown on table below.

Table 5.4 Anti rust product Principle

Category Concept Description

Working Principle

Chemical Principle

complex bonding

Corrosion Inhibitor

Catalytic processes

Physical Principle Absorbtion

Adsorption

Mechanical Principle

Layering

Coating

Wrapping

Biological Ptinciple Microorganisme

• Chemical Principle

Chemical principle is a principle with reaction methode. Anti rust

product with this principle will add some material that can block the

corrosion attack on the metal. Material anti rust product can make

complex bonding with the metal ion or air component so the corrosion

will be reduced. Catalytic process can break the bonding from steam on

the air or hidrogen bonding.

• Physical Principle

Physical principle is principle with physic methode witout any reaction.

Absorption and adsoption is the examples for this principle that can

implemented. The air component can be fixated by the component that

has absorption or adsorption ability.

• Mechanical Principle

Mechanical principle is a principle with mechanical methode like

wrapping, layering and coating. Thereis no reaction in this methode. The

preventive is doneb y mechanical activity

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Some ingredients to apply the working principle, there are:

A. Tannin Extract

To prevent corrosion process, we can applying a material that increase

corrosion resistance. That material is called Corrosion Inhibitor. There is a lot

of Corrosion Inhibitor, but much of them is expensive, toxic, chemical

syntheis, and non-eco friendly. The alternative for this problem is using

tannin extract as corrosion inhibitor. Tannin extract contain N,O,P,S and

atoms with free electrons. Tannin can be ligan which can bond with metal

component to make a comlex bond. Tannin is a polyfhenol macromolecul that

can make a complex bonding wit metal ion. The production complex bonding

between tannin and metal ion is the reason why tannin can be use as corrosion

resistance.

The advantageous from using tannin extract is

• Non toxic material

• Natural material from many kind of plant. Tannin can be extract

from gambir which is widespread in sumatra island, especially in

west sumatra.

• Good inhibitor corrosion

• Can be extract by water as the solvent

• Tannin can bond the metal ion. That bonding can make glossy

efffext in the surface of the metal.

B. Acetate Acid

Corrosion process is the metal oxidation reaction. To remove

corrosion in metal, we can add reductor to the rust. The reductor is a acid.

Although the acid is a factor that can make corrosion, but we can add

slightly the acid and weak acid to our product as a removing agent of

rust. We use Acetate acid as rust removing agent. Acetate acid can react

with metal oxida where the oxida bond between metal and oxygen will

unbound, then the metal ion will bond with acetate. The bonding between

acetate and metal ion will produce metal salt. The salt will solve easily

with water or by atmosfer.

C. Palm Oil Lubricant

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Much of lubricants is petroleum based, mineral oil or synthetic oil

which is dangerous for some reason. To reach a eco friendly product, our

group is proposed a product is formed by a safe material, that is palm oil

as lubricant. Palm oil is one of the vegetables oil. Palm oil has some

advantageous as lubricant, that is

• Better endurance when it using

• More stay on object

• Safe and eco frienly material

The palm oil has the disadvantegous that easy to oxidation. But it

is not a big problem, because we can mix the product with some

antioxidation agent, like butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated

hydroxytoluene (BHT), propil galat (PG), andtert-butyl hydroquinone

(TBHQ) (Madhavi et al., 1995).

D. Fragrance

The other problem from existing product is bad odor. We plan to add

some fragrance to make the odor to be better. Many kind of fragrance

that can be added to the new anti rust product.

5.5.2 Anti Rust Product Form

Table 5.5 Anti rust product Principle Composition

Category Concept Description

Shape / Form

Gas Aerosol

Spray

Liquid Viscous

Gel

Solid moth-Ball

Plastic

A. Aerosol

Anti rust product with aerosol form has the advantageous, that are

• Easy of use, it is can be used for anytime and anywhere

• Aerosol form will packaged with good packaging and

hermetic, so the contain will safe from impurities.

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• We can operate the product by press the button spray, so we

don’t need to touch the metal (object) or the anti rust product

that can make mess in our hand.

• With good ejector from the package, the spray will spread

effectively to the object

• Accurate dosage on the object

• Clean process

• After using, the product can be closed and can be used for the

next time

• Can be used for the narrow place or focus to the point

B. Viscous

Anti rust product with viscous form has the advantageous, that are

• Easy to use

• More efficient because spread evenly on the metal depend on

how we use the product

• Can be used for wide place

• Because it is viscous, so the product will more stay on object

C. Solid

Anti rust product with solid form has the advantageous, that are

• Easy to use

• More long last than other form

• Can be used anywhere

• Can be used for wide area

D. Gel

Anti rust product with solid form has the advantageous, that are

• Easy to use

• Most stay on object because it is so viscous

• Can be used for narrow place and wide place

• It is efficient because apply evenly on the metal depend on

how we use the product

• Accurate dosage on the object

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5.5.3 Desired Criteria for Packaging

Criterias of packaging that are desired for anti rust product

development are :

• Double Seal Protection, this criteria is made to make a product

without leak so make it safer and less contamination

• Attach small pipe/channel, some product is equipped with a

small pipe as a channel to spray concentrically on some point of

the object. But it equipped separately, not unite or attached on

the packaging, so we plan to attach the small pipe or channel as

one of the packaging.

• Water and air proof packaging, water and air is contain many

contaminant. So we have to make the packaging with water and

air proof

• Product with medium size packaging. Many customer feel that

the existing product size is too big and too small. So we make it

in medium size.

• Packaging is biodegradable

5.5 Combining New and Existing Ideas

In concept generation, emerging ideas are being developed without any

restrictions or scientific logic. This step is done by combining a new concept to

the existing concept available in the market. Concept development can be done

using the concept tree (mind-map). This method is able to facilitate the

development by branching to the previous concept.

Before the concept generation, anti rust product criterias are set out in the

concept of new products. They are :

• Anti rust product is contain eco friendly material

• Anti rust product with many function, like lubricate, prevent and

remove rust

• Anti rust product with good packaging and characteristic

• Anti rust product has good performance for moving part

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Development of the concept idea is based on the results of market analysis in

needs interpretation. Based on market analysis, customers use the product for

prevent their expensive thing from corrosion and spare part of motorcycle and

also car. According to the complaint from customer about existing product, the

anti rust product is expensive, bad odor, and bothersome packaging.

Existing product is also dominated by petroleum based which is dangerous

for customer who use it. Much from anti rust product petroleum based is toxic,

flameable, non eco friendly, hard to degradation, and dangerous. So, the new

product with safe material is needed for customer. Some natural material is can be

composer of anti rust product composition, like tannin, acetate acid, natural

fragrance and palm oil. In fact, natural material not always worse than chemical or

synthetic material. The main material of anti rust product is the material has

corrosion resistance, corrosion inhibitor. Many corrosion inhibitor that can be

found, but much of them is chemical synthetic or petroluem based. But, still there

is natural organic corrosion inhibtor, that is tannin. We use tannin as corrosion

inhibitor. Tannin is preference to make complex bonding with metal. This

bonding will make corrosant hard to attack the metal, so the corrosion rate will

decrease. Tannin-metal bonding also make glossy effect on the surface so make

the metal look washed off (spick).

Much of the customer didn’t know the function of anti rust product exacly.

They use it for any problem in metal item. Like the wrecking sound in switch of

door, applying bolt and moor, and many other. So, the multifunction anti rust

product is needed and a good idea for designed prodcut.

Customer also complaint abou the packaging. Many of them is too lazy to

apply the product on their item because the packaged is bothersome and difficult.

the most problem is the stuck of ejjector and the packaging is make mess arround

item also their hand. So, we need make a better packaging which is easy to use

anywhere and anytime and don’t need to touch the metal (object) or the anti rust

product that can make mess in our hand and item.

After determining the criteria that must be present in the new concept of an

anti rust prodcut, the next step is to make the concept tree as shown below.

Concept tree is made for generating concept ideas to meet the possibilities of

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products that consumers needs. Combined concept which is resulted in concept

generation can be seen on the table.

Table 5.6 New Concept Generated For Anti Rust Product

Concept Number Concept Generated

Adv Shape Principle

1

Aerosol

Complex Bonding -

2 Corrosion Inhibitor -

3 Catalytic Processes O

4 Layering -

5 Absorbtion F

6 Microorganisme V

7

Spray

Complex Bonding -


9 Catalytic Processes O

10 Layering F

11 coating -

12 Absorbtion -

13 Microorganisme V

14

Viscous

complex bonding -


16 Catalytic processes O

17 Absorbtion V

18 Adsorption F

19 Layering F

20 Coating -

21 Wrapping F

22 Microorganisme V

23

Gel

complex bonding -


25 Catalytic processes O

26 Absorbtion -

27 Adsorption F

28 Layering F

29 Coating -

30 Microorganisme V

31

Mouth Ball

Absorbtion -


33 Microorganisme V

34 Complex Bonding V

35 Plastic wrapping -

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Figure 5.3 Mind Map of New Concept Generate

After making the mind map of new concept generate, then we make the

combination of new concept generate and the existing idea concept as below :

Figure 5.4 Combination of New and Existing Product

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CHAPTER 6

CONCEPT SELECTION

After collecting new concept ideas of anti-rust product, we can go further to

do the concept selection process. Concept selection process is conducted by the

idea development based on consumer needs analysis. This process has three

stages, there are: concept screening, concept scoring, and concept testing whereas

concept generation has been discussed in the previous chapter. These three stages

are expected to produce the best concept that can be implementedfor new anti-rust

product. Concept screening and concept scoring will eliminate irrelevant concepts

and develop the concept in order to obtain the right concept, while concept testing

will test the chosen concept whether this concept will be accepted in the market or

not.

6.1 Concept Screening

The first stage in concept selection is concept screening. Concept screening is

a stage to select the concept idea to reduce and restrict all the concept ideas

properly and improve the concept ideas. This stage is aimed to make the ideas of

concept will be exactly better or at least narrower with the existing products.

Concept screening is first developed by Start Pugh in 1980 which was thought to

be a selecting method and called Pugh Concept Selection. According to Pugh,

concept screening consists of several strategies, such as:

� Scientific maturity

Selection of good design based onthe knowledgethat we have learned.

� Engineering ease

Selection of good design based on the existing engineering knowledge.

� Minimum risk

Selection of good design based on the risk of product. A good product

causes minimum risk.

� Low cost

Selection of good design based on the cost. Low cost is always good, but it

must give benefit.

� Safe

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Selection of good design based on the safety study.

� Low environmental impact

Selection of good design based on the impact to environment. A good

product must give a low impact to our environment.

The first stage of the screening process is eliminating some of the concepts

based on the scientific and analysis growing market today. In concept generation,

we get 35 concepts. But, in screening process we only give several concepts to be

screened. From generation process to screening process, we eliminated the ideas

based on consideration in several aspects. It can be seen in the table below.

Table 6.1.First Stage of Concept Screening (Eliminated Concepts)

Concept

Number

Concept Generated Adv.

Reason for Eliminating

Concept Form Principle

1 Aerosol Complex Bonding -

2 Aerosol Corrosion Inhibitor -

3 Aerosol Catalytic Processes O Difficult to manufacture

4 Aerosol Layering -

5 Aerosol Absorption V Hard to be implemented

6 Aerosol Microorganism V Difficult to manufacture

7 Spray Complex Bonding -

8 Spray Corrosion Inhibitor -

9 Spray Catalytic Processes O Difficult to manufacture

10 Spray Layering F Hard to be implemented

11 Spray Coating -

12 Spray Absorption -

13 Spray Microorganism V Difficult to manufacture

14 Viscous Complex bonding -

15 Viscous Corrosion Inhibitor -

16 Viscous Catalytic processes O Difficult to manufacture

17 Viscous Absorption V Hard to be implemented

18 Viscous Adsorption F Difficult to manufacture

19 Viscous Layering F Hard to be implemented

20 Viscous Coating -

21 Viscous Wrapping F Hard to be implemented

22 Viscous Microorganism V Difficult to manufacture

23 Gel Complex bonding -

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Table 6.1.First Stage of Concept Screening (Eliminated Concepts) (Continued)

Concept

Number

Concept Generated Adv.

Reason for Eliminating

Concept Form Principle

24 Gel Corrosion Inhibitor -

25 Gel Catalytic processes O Difficult to manufacture

26 Gel Absorption -

27 Gel Adsorption F Hard to be implemented

28 Gel Layering F Hard to be implemented

29 Gel Coating -

30 Gel Microorganism V Difficult to manufacture

31 Moth Ball Absorption -

32 Moth Ball Corrosion Inhibitor -

33 Moth Ball Microorganism V Difficult to manufacture

34 Moth Ball Complex Bonding V Hard to be implemented

35 Plastic Wrapping F Cannot be implemented

After eliminating the concepts, we have less concepts to go to the next stage

of concept screening. The concept generation is reduced to 16 concept ideas as

seen in Table 6.2. In second stage of concept screening, that concept will be

compare with existing product (concept screening second stage) and will be

eliminated if the concept is not better than the reference. Existing product which is

used in this comparation is WD-40 that has aerosol form and works in corrosion

inhibitor principle.

Second stage of screening concept for 16 concepts consists of several

stages.They are :

6.1.1 Preparing the matrix of concept idea selection

Matrix of concept idea selection consists of columns that contain

concept ideas and the criteria of selection. The concept ideas then will be

benchmarked with reference of concept according to the selection criteria

decided by the group.The selection criteria must be chosen properly to

distinguish it with other concept ideas. Meanwhile, reference concept is a

group of ideas of concept that becomes reference as comparison with other

products. Reference concept is a group of familiar concept ideas which can be

in the form of commercial product in the market or the early beginning of the

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similar products’ development.To make the matrix of concept screening, we

have to choose the selection criteria from list of needs. List of selection that is

marked as selection criteria will be the needs considered really necessary.

Here is the table of selection criteria:

Table 6.2.Concept Idea Selection

Concept Number Concept Generated

Form Working Principle

1 Aerosol Complex Bonding

2 Aerosol Corrosion Inhibitor

3 Aerosol Layering

4 Spray Complex Bonding

5 Spray Corrosion Inhibitor

6 Spray Coating

7 Spray Absorption

8 Viscous Complex bonding

9 Viscous Corrosion Inhibitor

10 Viscous Coating

11 Gel Complex bonding

12 Gel Corrosion Inhibitor

13 Gel Absorption

14 Gel Coating

15 Moth Ball Absorption

16 Moth Ball Corrosion Inhibitor

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Figure 6.1.Mind Map of Idea Selection

After making the mind map of idea solution, we should make a selection

criteria for concept screening such as the table below:

Table 6.3. Selection Criteria for Concept Screening

No. Selection Criteria

1. Quality of corrosion prevention

2. Lifetime of protection

3. Ability to remove corrosion

4. Ability to lubricate

5. Practical in use

6. Safety in use

7. Easy to Manufacture

8. Manufacture cost

6.1.2 Determining rate of the concepts

Rating in the matrix will consist of three types rating, which are:

+ : showing the ideas of concept are better than reference concept

– : showing the ideas of concept are worse than reference concept

0 : showing the ideas of concept are as well as reference concept

This rating (relative value) of the concepts represents how each idea of

concept compared to the relative concept based on a certain criteria

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Table 6.4.Concept Screening

No Criteria Reference Concept

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

1. Quality of prevention 0 + 0 - + 0 +

- + 0 + + 0

- +

- 0

2. Lifetime of protection 0 + 0 - + 0 + - + 0 + + 0 - + - 0

3. Ability to remove corrosion 0 + 0 0 + 0 0 0 + 0 0 + 0 0 0 0 0

4. Ability to lubricate 0 0 0 + 0 0 - - - - - 0 0 - - - 0

5. Practical in use 0 0 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

6. Safety in use 0 0 0 0 - - - - + + + - - - - - -

7. Easy to Manufacture 0 0 0 0 + + + + + + + - - - - - -

8. Manufacture cost 0 0 0 0 + + + + - - - - - - - - -

Number of 0 8 5 8 4 1 4 1 1 0 3 1 1 4 1 1 1 4

Number of + 0 3 0 1 5 2 4 2 5 2 4 3 0 0 2 0 0

Number of - 0 0 0 3 2 2 3 5 3 3 3 4 4 7 5 7 4

Total 0 3 0 -2 3 0 1 -3 2 -1 1 -1 -4 -7 -3 -7 -4

Decision Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No No No No No No

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6.1.3 Ranking the concepts

After giving rate to each concept ideas,sum all of rating of ideas to be

net score by accumulating the values counted for the minus rating (worse) and

plus rating (better). After finishing counting the score, ideas of concept will be

sorted and ranked according to the net score of each concept. The concept idea

with highest net score will be ranked number one and, second highest concept

idea will be ranked number two, and so on.

Table 6.5.Ranking of the Concepts

Rank Form Working Principle Concept Net Score

1 Aerosol Complex Bonding (1) 3

Spray Complex Bonding (4) 3

2 Viscose Complex Bonding (8) 2

3 Spray Coating (6) 1

Spray Coating (10) 1

4 Spray Corrosion Inhibitor (2) 0

Spray Corrosion inhibitor (5) 0

6.1.4 Combining and improving the concept ideas

Our group has to verify the result of rating and ranking to make sure

that the concepts are reasonable and make sense. We have to think about the

way to combine and fix several concepts. Moreover the combined concept

ideas can be reached with combining the concept ideas with the same value of

net score or combining concept ideas with better quality to the one having

worse quality. Then, those combined ideas will be selected again in the

scoring step. Besides that, the ideas of concept can be revised by modifying

the ideas of concept so that we can consider selecting them in the scoring step.

6.1.5 Choosing one concept idea or more

After our members are satisfied and understand the basic concept and

its relative quality, those concepts will be selected for revision and given an

advanced analysis. Based on the previous step, there will obtain the best and

the most promising concept idea.

23


We decided to choose the concept that has net value that greater than

the reference’s net value, because in our opinion the most promising concept

idea is the idea with better quality than the existing product. Therefore, we

decided to choose the concept with net score greater than zero. There are the

following concept ideas that have been chosen by our group:

Table 6.6.Chosen Concept Ideas

No. Form Working Principle Concept

1. Aerosol Complex Bonding (1)

2. Spray Complex Bonding (4)

3. Viscose Complex Bonding (8)

4. Spray Coating (6)

5. Spray Coating (10)

6.1.6 Rechecking the result of concept ideas and the selection process

The last step is reviewing the result and the process on selecting the

ideas of concept in concept screening. Then, we have to recheck the score

related to the criteria stated before.

6.2 Concept Scoring

The next step after concept screening is the concept scoring. This step would

specify the ideas to get the best idea. In concept scoring, every selection criteria in

this step would have its weight factor. The weight factor is based on how

important the criteria. Concept idea that has the highest score would be chosen as

the best concept for new anti-rust product. Every rating would be multiplied with

its weight factor to get its score for each criteria.

Before we go further to the criteria, the next step is to re-expand the concept

from concept screening even further. The screened concept will be detailed by

giving each of the idea the material or ingredient that our team members want.

24


Table 6.7 Re-expanded Screened Concepts Table

No. Form Packaging Working

Principle

Main

Ingredient

Lubricant

Additive Concept

1. Aerosol Double-seal protection

Complex

Bonding Tannin Extract

Palm oil (1.1)

2. Coconut oil (1.2)

3. Spray

Attached small

pipe/channel

Complex


Palm oil (4.1)


5. Spray

Attached small

pipe/channel

Complex

Bonding Epoxy Resin

Palm oil (4.3)


7. Viscose Tube

Complex


Palm oil (8.1)


9. Viscose Tube

Complex

Bonding Epoxy Resin

Palm oil (8.3)


11. Spray

Attached small

pipe/channel Coating Tannin Extract

Palm oil (6.1)


13. Spray

Attached small

pipe/channel Coating Epoxy Resin

Palm oil (6.3)


15. Viscose Tube Coating Tannin Extract

Palm oil (10.1)


17. Viscose Tube Coating Epoxy Resin

Palm oil (10.3)


19. Viscose Tube Coating Teflon Powder

Palm oil (10.5)


Selection and score criteria that we use in scoring concept for choosing best

concept for new anti-rust product are are :

a) Quality of corrosion prevention, weight factor = 16%.

Anti-rust products are emerged to the market and bought by costumer

because they have high quality of prevention of corrosion. Customer will

never buy the product if the product has low quality in this criteria.

b) Life time of protection, weight factor = 9%.

25


Longer prevention of corrosion is ,of course, will likely be chosen than the

product that has shorter prevention time.

c) Ability toremove corrosion, weight factor = 5%.

This criteria happen a system where in the spot the product will be applied

there is a preceding rust. Occasionally, costumer will encounter the

condition when they want to preserve their home appliance, tools etc. that

has already the rust in it.

d) Ability to lubricate, weight factor = 13%.

This criteria means that the product is not also prevent corrosion abut also

easy to lubricate especially in the moving part of machine to make it run

smoother. It’s very essential to the product to have this criteria.

e) Practical in use, weight factor = 9%.

This criteria is interpreted as the packaging of the product. Because one

may feel the product is handy or ergonomic and the other do not, this

criteria.

f) Safety in use, weight factor = 9%.

This criteria describes the use of the product whether it is safe or not,

flammable or not, if it is opened and applied to the wanted place.

g) Natural Ingredients, weight factor = 13%.

Some customers has already thought that environment now in danger by a

lot chemical substance. They hope that there will be a product that has

minimum impact to the environment. This would be realistic if the

component of the anti-rust product come from natural ingredient.

h) Easy to Manufacture = 16%.

One of biggest consideration of generating and scraping off the idea is this

criteria, easy to manufacture. This will determine whether a product is

easy or difficult to be produced in mid to large scale. This criteria also

includes the material that is difficult or rare to be found and so expensive

or not. If the material of the product is so rare which makes it so

expensive, one can scrap it off.

26


i) Manufacture cost, weight factor 10%.

Producer will choose the concept which is easy manufactured because it

will decrease the production cost. By choosing the easy manufactured

concept, it will produce product concept which has lower cost production

so the product will have lower price in the market.

To do the concept scoring, it is the mechanism that must be done :

6.2.1 Prepare metric concept selection

Metric consists of selection criteria column, concept ideas, weight

factor and rating. Criteria in this metric are the same as criteria in concept

screening, but in detail one. Besides that, we can combine similar criteria into

one criteria.

After the criteria have been prepared, we give weight factor for each

criteria. Weight factor is based on ranking consumer needs, literature

information, and experts. Weight factor stated in percentage value

6.2.2 Rate the concepts

Rating the concept using this scoring:

1 : very poor compared to the reference

2 : worse than the reference

3 : same as reference

4 : better than the reference

5 : very good compared to the reference

6.2.3 Rank the concept

Before giving the ranking, we calculate the total score for each

concept. Total score is calculated by multiply weight factor with its rating.

Based on the total score, we sort the concept according its rank.

6.2.4 Combine and Improved the concept

Metric table of concept scoring for concepts that got in screening

process is shown in the following table.

27


Table 6.8 Concept Scoring

Criteria W

eight

Reference

Concept 1.1 1.2 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Quality of

corrosion

prevention

16% 3 0.48 4 0.64 4 0.64 4 0.64 4 0.64 4 0.64 4 0.64 4 0.64 4 0.64 4 0.64 4 0.64

Lifetime of

protection 9% 3 0.27 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36

Ability to remove

corrosion 5% 3 0.15 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1

Ability to lubricate 13% 4 0.52 5 0.65 4 0.52 4 0.39 4 0.52 3 0.39 4 0.52 5 0.65 5 0.65 3 0.39 4 0.52

Practical in use 9% 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 2 0.18 2 0.18 2 0.18 2 0.18

Safety in use 9% 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36

Natural ingredients 13% 3 0.39 4 0.52 4 0.52 4 0.39 4 0.52 3 0.39 3 0.39 4 0.52 4 0.52 3 0.39 3 0.39

Easy to

Manufacture 16% 3 0.48 4 0.64 3 0.48 3 0.48 4 0.64 3 0.48 3 0.48 3 0.48 4 0.64 3 0.48 3 0.48

28


Table 6.8 Concept Scoring (continoued)

Criteria

Wei

ght

Reference

Concept 1.1 1.2 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

ghte

d

Sco

re

Manufacture Cost 10% 3 0.3 4 0.4 3 0.3 3 0.3 4 0.4 3 0.3 3 0.3 3 0.3 3 0.3 3 0.3 3 0.3

Total 3.31 4.03 3.64 3.38 3.9 3.38 3.51 3.59 3.75 3.2 3.33

Rank 1 6 15 2 14 10 7 4 20 17


Criteria

Wei

gh

t

6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Quality of corrosion

prevention 16% 4 0.64 4 0.62 4 0.64 4 0.64 4 0.64 4 0.64 4 0.64 4 0.64 4 0.64 4 0.64

Lifetime of protection 9% 3 0.27 3 0.27 4 0.36 4 0.36 3 0.27 3 0.27 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36

29



Criteria

Wei

gh

t

6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Rat

ing

Wei

gh

ted

Sco

re

Ability to remove

corrosion 5% 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1

Ability to lubricate 13% 3 0.39 3 0.39 3 0.39 3 0.39 5 0.65 5 0.65 3 0.39 3 0.39 4 0.52 4 0.52

Practical in use 9% 4 0.36 4 0.36 3 0.27 3 0.27 2 0.18 2 0.18 2 0.18 2 0.18 4 0.36 4 0.36

Safety in use 9% 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36 4 0.36

Natural ingredients 13% 4 0.52 4 0.52 3 0.39 3 0.39 4 0.52 4 0.52 3 0.39 3 0.39 2 0.26 2 0.26

Easy to Manufacture 16% 4 0.64 4 0.64 3 0.48 4 0.64 3 0.48 4 0.64 3 0.48 4 0.64 3 0.48 4 0.64

Manufacture Cost 10% 3 0.3 4 0.4 3 0.3 3 0.3 3 0.3 4 0.4 3 0.3 4 0.4 3 0.3 3 0.3

Total 3.58 3.68 3.29 3.45 3.5 3.76 3.2 3.46 3.38 3.54

Rank 8 5 18 13 11 3 9 12 16 9

6.3 Concept Testing

After screening and scoringwe obtained the best concept of product.

final step in selection concept is testing and developing the selected concept.

for the description of

been discussed in the previous chapter.

and suggestions from consumers, so that the concept can be accepted by

consumers. This testing was conducted to

product. The steps in making concept testing are:

6.3.1 Determining the purpose from concept testing

The purpose of concept testing is to know what the customer responses

are towards our concept so it is appropriate with the cust

concept testing, we should give the specific question for the interviewee

about our concept. This specific question should cover the acceptance of the

customer to our products in every aspect, such as composition, performance,

packaging, and price.

6.3.2 Determining

The customer of anti

users. They use it to prevent the formation of rust on metal. So the

potentially customer are householder and vehicle users because they often

the anti-rust product to protect their equipment such as fence, screwdriver,

motorcycle chain, and others equipment.

Unive

After screening and scoringwe obtained the best concept of product.

final step in selection concept is testing and developing the selected concept.

for the description of products such as odor, color, and other specifications have

been discussed in the previous chapter. The purpose of testing is to get criticisms


consumers. This testing was conducted to potential consumer for this new

product. The steps in making concept testing are:

Determining the purpose from concept testing


are towards our concept so it is appropriate with the cust




price.

Determining the survey population

The customer of anti-rust product usually are householder and vehicle


potentially customer are householder and vehicle users because they often

rust product to protect their equipment such as fence, screwdriver,

motorcycle chain, and others equipment.

Figure 6.1 Target Survey Background

35%

55%

10%

Householder Vehicle User Workshop

30

ersitas Indonesia

After screening and scoringwe obtained the best concept of product. The

final step in selection concept is testing and developing the selected concept. As

products such as odor, color, and other specifications have

The purpose of testing is to get criticisms


potential consumer for this new


are towards our concept so it is appropriate with the customer needs. In




rust product usually are householder and vehicle


potentially customer are householder and vehicle users because they often use

rust product to protect their equipment such as fence, screwdriver,

Workshop

6.3.3 Determining the survey format

To gain the information about the customer opinion usually use

interview method.

method as survey concept because by the interview method we can get the

interest of customer data

on several questions and t

qualification, product description, purchase intensity, and comments from

customer to the new concept.

6.3.4 Communicating the product concept

The concept can be communicated in several ways. The common

ways are verbal description, picture 2D or 3D, sketch, storyboard, simulation,

video, interactive multimedia, and prototype. The anti

verbal description to communicate the new concept to the customer.

to choose this method is because this me

effectively.

6.3.5 Calculating the customer respond

Surveys are done to 29 respondents. We asked them whether or not

will buy our product which is

extract. The result can be seen in follow

I definitely buy it

I doubt buying it

I certainly won't buy

Unive

Determining the survey format

To gain the information about the customer opinion usually use

interview method. The new concept of anti-rust product, use

as survey concept because by the interview method we can get the

interest of customer data and suggestions easily. The interview will be focus

on several questions and the question separated to several part such as


customer to the new concept.

Communicating the product concept


rbal description, picture 2D or 3D, sketch, storyboard, simulation,

video, interactive multimedia, and prototype. The anti-rust product use

verbal description to communicate the new concept to the customer.

to choose this method is because this method can deliver the concept

Calculating the customer respond


will buy our product which is healthy and safety anti-rust using tannin

. The result can be seen in following chart.

Figure 6.2 Total Potential anti – rust product customer

28%

52%

10%

7%3%

I definitely buy it I'll probably buy it

I doubt buying it I probably won't buy it

I certainly won't buy

31

ersitas Indonesia

To gain the information about the customer opinion usually use the

rust product, use the interview

as survey concept because by the interview method we can get the

The interview will be focus

he question separated to several part such as



rbal description, picture 2D or 3D, sketch, storyboard, simulation,

rust product use

verbal description to communicate the new concept to the customer. Reason

thod can deliver the concept


rust using tannin

rust product customer

I'll probably buy it

I probably won't buy it

32


The above chart illustrated that consumers will buy anti-rust product

in the form of aerosol with tannin extract. More tha 50% of our respondents

stated they will buy our product. People who are interested to buy this

product reasoned that anti - rust is more safety, healthy, and easy to use.

Another reason is that they prefer product that multifunction not only to

prevent corrosion but also to lubricate their tool or vehicle part. This result

shows that our product has good prospect in the market and so it is worth to

be developed.

6.4 Product Description

6.4.1 Product Positioning

In this section, our anti-rust product will be positioned with other

existing products by showing many advantages that our anti-rust product has.

Many advantages of our anti-rust product are :

a) The estimate of corrosion prevention time will be slightly longer than

one of the existing product such as WD-40. It can prevent corrosion in

the moving part of motorcycle up to 2- months, whereas WD-40 can

only protect the moving part up to two or three weeks. The reason

behind this ability is the corrosion inhibitor, that is tannin extract.This

advantage only exceed WD-40, while if it’s compared to Volugard, and

Krown T40, our anti-rust product is far below those product. Those

products has a life time up to five to ten years.

b) The ingredient is mostly from natural ingredient. The natural ingredients

are tannin and palm oil. Tannin extract as corrosion inhibitor can be

extracted from many plants, such as gambir. Another natural ingredient

is the lubricating additive, which is palm oil. This additive has function

to make the whole solution has higher viscosity but not so high so that it

can lubricate the moving part of motorcycle. This palm oil is categorized

as food-grade lubricating additive and can be produced in large scale

production, especially here in Indonesia. These natural ingredient are

good for our environment compared to the existing products, Volugard,

WD-40 and Krown T40, which still use petroleum-based ingredients.

33


So, in term of natural ingredients, our product win compared to the

existing products.

c) The packaging of our anti-rust product will be in an aerosol form with

double-seal protection. This packaging has advantage which is this

product will be very easy to use and applied in any moving part, even in

a difficult-to-reach part. This product will be so ergonomic or handy to

use. Double-seal protection of the product will protect the product inside

not to leak easily. This kind of packaging is different from any other

existing products , which just close spray-point with the lid.

d) This product will be easily to be manufactured because many ingredients

of this product come from commercial and abundant natural resources

especially here in Indonesia. Because of any other existing products

,Volugard, WD-40 and Krown T40, have ingredients based petroleum,

the manufactured process of those product will be so much difficult than

other product.

e) Because this product has ingredients from commercial and abundant

natural resources and easily to be manufactured, the manufacture cost of

this product will be much cheaper compared to the existing product. This

can make our anti-rust product cheap and inclusive to all society, bottom

to upper class. The proce of the product may exceed the price of WD-40,

but if we compare our product with Volugard and Krown T40, our

product will certainly win in price.

Position of our anti-rust product is compared with existing anti-rust

products can be seen with perceptual mapping that describes the existence of

these products relative to other anti-rust products.

34


Figure 7.1. Perceptual Mapping of New Anti-Rust Product

There are nine things compared in the above perceptual mapping. First,if

the concept has really good in preventing the corrosion, the product will be

given 5 point. Second, the product must have long prevention time. If the

prevention time of the product is very long such as Valugard, the product will

be given 5 point. Third is ability to remove corrosion. This ability means that a

product when it’s applied in rust, it will react and remove with the existing rust.

If this ability is reached perfectly, the product will be given 5 point. Fourth is

easy to lubricate. This specification describes the product not only to prevent

corrosion but also to lubricate the moving part of motorcycle. If this

performance is very good, the product will be given 5 point. The fifth is

practical in use. If the product is handy, ergonomic and easy to use, the product

will be given 5 point, if not it will be given 2 or 3 point. Sixth is the safety of

the use of the product. The safety means when one uses the product, it will not

harm the user. If this criteria is reached, the product will be given 4 to 5 point.

Seventh is natural ingredients. If the product contain more than 85% natural

ingredient, it will be awarded 4 to 5 point. Eight is easy to manufacture. When

a factory make the product, the difficulty of the product is one of the concern.

If it’s very easy to be manufactured, the product will be given 5 point. The last

is manufacture cost. The manufacture cost mean how much money that’s spent

on making the product. If it’s very cheap, the product will be awarded 5 point.

0

1

2

3

4

5

Quality of corrosion

prevention

Lifetime of protection

Ability to remove

corrosion

Ability to lubricate

Practical in useSafety in use

Natural ingredients

Easy to Manufacture

Manufacture Cost

WD 40 Valugard Krown T40 Own

35


6.4.2 Final Specification of Product Design

A. Ingredient of Anti-Rust Product

Most of the ingredients of this product come from natural resources.

Main ingredient for this product is Tannin extract which acts as corrosion

inhibitor. The tannin extract comes from many plants such as gambir-

plant, tea, coffee, apple, etc. To make the product easily to lubricate, the

product will be combined with palm oil as lubricating additive. The exact

value of mass each ingredient will be research further.

B. Product Characterication

The anti-rust product will have flash point above the regulation (38oC).

One of the reason is that the flash point of the palm oil is 308oC, very

safety to use. If it’s combined with tannin and other ingredients, it cannot

below the flash point in regulation. The natural ingredients of our anti-rust

product will make it safety and very eco-friendly for our environment, not

damaging soil and organism around. Before using our anti-rust product,

one must shake intensively to make sure the composition of the product

mixed well.

36


CHAPTER VII

CONCLUSION

1. The goal of this product development is make a new anti – rust product that

more effective to prevent corrosion.

2. For our new concept anti – rust product, we use natural raw material for main

ingredient. The ingredient is Tannin. Recent study said that it can prevent

corrosion because it can form the complex bonding with metal then reduce the

corrosion rate.

3. New anti – rust product concept has multifunction. It combines with palm oil.

So, this anti – rust product not only prevent corrosion but also lubricate the

moving parts.

4. The new anti – rust product will be packaged in double seal protection. It will

give the safety when using this anti – rust product.

37


REFERENCES

Anonim. 2000. “ WD-40 Anti Rust Protection”. www.WD40Company.com

(accessed February 18th

2014)

Anonim. 2002. “ Krown Aerosol Product”.

http://www.krown.com/products/aerosol-products/t40-rust-inhibitor-lubricant/

(accessed February 18th

2014)

Anonim. 2000. “ Noverox MSDS”.

http://www.viba.nl/files/msds/vib0001255.pdf (accessed February 18th

2014)

Anonim. 2003. “ Corrosion Definition and Methods”.

http://www.efcweb.org/Working+Parties/WP+Corrosion+Education/Definition+o

f+Corrosion.html(accessed February 19th

2014)

Anonim. 2003. “ Corrosion Mechanisms and Principles”.

http://www.corrosion-doctors.org/Principles/mechanism.htm (accessed February

19th

2014)

Anonim. 2004. “ Types of Corrosion”.

http://metals.about.com/od/metallurgy/a/Types-Of-Corrosion.htm (accessed

February 18th

2014).

Anees. U. Malik et al. 2009. “Electrochemical Studies on the Corrosion

Behaviorof Conventional and High Alloy Steels inGulf Seawater”. Research And

Development Center Volume 344, Issue 10, 6 July 2009, Pages 1190–1196.

Report Assignment 2 Group 9

Documents

product concept

concept description

concept testing

new ideas concept

existing ideas concept

chosen concept ideas

metric concept selection

stage of concept screening