Repaso del pretérito el 11-16 de enero. Notes You will copy the following notes on page 105 of your INB. The title for this section is: Repaso del pretérito:

Repaso del pretérito

el 11-16 de enero

Notes

• You will copy the following notes on page 105 of your INB.

• The title for this section is:Repaso del pretérito: Verbos regulares -ar

• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

Uses of el pretérito

Use the preterite to talk about completed actions in the past.

• Actions that can be viewed as a single event• The beginning or end of an action or event• A series of events such as the action of a story• An action that interrupts another action• An action that happens once or a specific

number of times• A specific time period in the past

Verbos regulares

• Most -ar verbs are regular in the preterite.• The endings are:

• Stem-changing -ar verbs in the present tense DO NOT stem-change in the preterite.

-ar preterite endings

-é -amos

-aste -asteis

-ó -aron

Notes

• You will copy the following notes on page 107 of your INB.

• The title for this section is:Repaso del pretérito: Verbos regulares -er/-ir

• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

Verbos regulares• -er and -ir verbs have the same endings in the preterite.

¡ojo!-There are many irregular -er & -ir verbs!• The endings are:

• Stem-changing -er verbs in the present tense, DO NOT stem-change in the preterite.

• Stem-changing -ir verbs in the present tense, DO change in the preterite, (but in a different way) in the third person (we will talk about this another time).

-er/-ir preterite endings

-í -imos

-iste -isteis

-ió -ieron

Notes

• You will copy the following notes on page 109 of your INB.

• The title for this section is:Repaso del pretérito: -car, -gar, -zar

• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

Verbos con -car, -gar, -zar

Verbs that end in -car, -gar, & -zar change only in the yo form in the preterite.

• -car → -qué

Sacar (to take out)

saqué sacamos

sacaste sacasteis

sacó sacaron

Verbos con -car, -gar, -zar

• -gar → -gué

llegar (to arrive)

llegué llegamos

llegaste llegasteis

llegó llegaron

Verbos con -car, -gar, -zar

• -zar → -cé

almorzar (to eat lunch)

almorcé almorzamos

almorzaste almorzasteis

almorzó almorzaron

Notes

• You will copy the following notes on page 111 of your INB.

• The title for this section is:Repaso del pretérito: los gemelos

• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

Los gemelos

There are two “sets of twins” in the preterite.

They are dar & ver, and ser & ir.

Los gemelos

Our “gemelos fraternales” are:

dar (to give)

di dimos

diste disteis

dio dieron

ver (to see/to watch)

vi vimos

viste visteis

vio vieron

Los gemelos

Our “gemelos idénticos” are:

ser (to be)

fui fuimos

fuiste fuisteis

fue fueron

ir (to go)

fui fuimos

fuiste fuisteis

fue fueron

Notes

• You will copy the following notes on page 111 of your INB.

• The title for this section is:El pretérito: Irregular stems

• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

Irregular Stems

• There are nine irregular stem verbs in the preterite.

Irregular Stems

They are:andar (to walk)estar (to be)tener (to have)saber (to know information)poder (to be able to)poner (to put on/to become)querer (to want)venir (to come)hacer (to do/to make)

Their irregular stems are:anduv-estuv-tuv-sup-pud-pus-quis-vin-hic-

Irregular Stems

• Irregular stems in the preterite use a mixture of both -ar and -er/-ir endings.

¡ojo!: In the third person singular, the c in hacer changes to a z giving us hizo.

Irregular stem endings

-e -imos

-iste -isteis

-o -ieron

Notes

• You will copy the following notes on page 113 of your INB.

• The title for this section is:El pretérito: -j stem verbs

• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

-j stem verbs

• Verbs that end in -cir have an irregular stem.

• The -c → -j. Here are six examples of -j stem verbs.

-j stem verbs

They are:conducir (to drive)decir (to say/to tell)traducir (to translate)producir (to produce)introducir (to introduce) *traer (to bring)

Their irregular stems are:conduj-dij-traduj-produj-introduj-traj-

-j stem verbs

• -j stem verbs use a mixture of both -ar and • -er/-ir endings, with an exception for the third

person plural.

-j stem endings

-e -imos

-iste -isteis

-o -eron

Notes

• You will copy the following notes on page 115 of your INB.

• The title for this section is:El pretérito: Stem-changing -ir verbs,

• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

Stem-changing -ir verbs

• -ir stem-changing verbs in the present tense do stem-change in the preterite.

• They only stem-change in the third person. The new stem-changers are:

e → i o → u

Stem-changing -ir verbs

• They are known as sandal verbs.

pedir (to ask for)

pedí pedimos

pediste pedisteis

pidió pidieron

dormir (to sleep)

dormí dormimos

dormiste dormisteis

durmió durmieron

Stem-changing -ir verbs

e → irepetirsentirsevestirse

divertirsepreferirmentirseguirservir

despedirseconseguir

o → umorir

Notes

• You will copy the following notes on page 117 of your INB.

• The title for this section is:El pretérito: double vowels

• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

Double vowel verbs

• Double vowel verbs are -er & -ir verbs whose stems end in a vowel.

Double vowel verbs

• In the third person, the i changes to a y, giving us the endings yó & yeron.

incluir (to include)

incluí incluimos

incluiste incluisteis

incluyó incluyeron

construir (to construct)

construí construimos

construiste construisteis

construyó construyeron

Double vowel verbs

• Vowel stems that end in an -a, -e or -o, receive an accented í in all of the forms.

leer (to read)

leí leímos

leíste leísteis

leyó leyeron

caerse (to fall down)

me caí nos caímos

te caíste os caísteis

se cayó se cayeron

oír (to hear)

oí oímos

oíste oísteis

oyó oyeron