REP.01 NETW3205 Network Management

Formal Element - Network Design Challenge

NETW3205 Network Management

DT080A/3C

Report: Ricardo Pereira [C13762541]

Lecturer: Noel McKenna

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

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“Education is not the learning of

facts, but the training of the

mind to think.”

- Albert Einstein

* Special thank you note for professor Noel McKenna for excellence in guidance and mentoring.

Contents

Contents Contents 3

I. Executive Summary 4

II. Project Goal 5

III. Project Scope 6

IV. Current State of the Network 7

V. Design Requirements 8

5.1. Business Goals 8 5.2. Technical Goals 8 5.3. User Communities and Data Stores 9 5.4. Network Applications 9

VI. Logical Design 10

6.1. Network Diagram - Overview 10 6.2. Network diagram - Logical topology Headquarter 11 6.3. Subnets 12

VII. Physical Design 13

7.1. Network Diagram - Physical topology Headquarter 13 7.2. Network Diagram - Physical topology Branches/ Warehouse 14 7.3. Solution Overview 15 7.3.1 Solution Description Warehouse and Branches 16 7.3.2 Solution Description Headquarters 17

7.3.2.1 Access Network 17 7.3.2.2 Distribution Network 19 7.3.2.3 Core Network 21

VIII. Project Budget 27

8.1. Return on Investment 27 8.1.1 Switches, Routers & Firewalls 27 8.1.2 VoIP System 28 8.1.3 Energy matrix, Structured Cabling & Others 29

IX. Implementation Plan 31

9.1. Project Schedule 31

References 32

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I. Executive Summary

As part of the formal element for the Network Management module, the students are challenged with the design and description of a modern IT network of a Bank organisation called DIT Bank and list of requirements is provided in the project handout. Considering that Banks are operating in a challenging environment of rapid economic change, more technology-savvy customers, thinner margins, and increasing regulations. To attract new customers, many banks are looking to adopt a banking strategy to optimise their retail channels based on customer’s preferences to offer more personalised financial services. But not only are customers increasingly tech savvy, so is the workforce. The best and brightest next generation employees require their workspace to move with them. Whether enabling work to be done on a "bring your own device" (BYOD) smartphone or tablet, accessing their virtualised desktop across various endpoints, or empowering a subject matter expert to service banking customers wherever they may be physically located, employees want this kind of flexibility today. These are some of the requisites for planning ahead and designing a future proof and scalable IT Network. In the following chapters this report will define several guidelines for the network to be implemented by the DIT Bank.

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II. Project Goal

The goal of the project is to develop and design a Network for a medium sized banking organisation called DIT Bank with approx. 500 employees spread across various sites and countries. The following is a list of requirements provided by the formal element handout.

Site1:

• Modern Office#1 block (HQ) of 7 floors with Sales, Finance, IT, and Call Centre departments.

• Each floor has a maximum capacity of 100 desks with standard PC installs (350 users planned initially).

• Core network is located in the Comms/Server room on the 1st floor with a mix of 150x physical and virtual servers.

Site2:

• Warehouse in a separate location, about 1km away from Office#1 block. Used for “credit/debit card” manufacturing. PCs for inventory and tracking are used. (35 users planned)

Site3-7:

• Remote Branch offices (5x) providing small localised services. (20 users planned per site) Site8:

• Disaster Recovery (DR) site located in a secure Colocation/Data Centre in a different country. This is used to backup the core network facilities in Office#1.

• Layout and services are replicated. There is a mix of 80x physical and virtual servers.

Notes:Of the 500 employees, 200 need 24x7 VPN/RAS access and sites 1 to 7 are used for hot desking (mobile users) External connectivity for 3rd parties/partners is via the Internet and must be firewalled. WAN technology used should be appropriate for the site and interconnectivity with other remote sites. The DR site is privately interconnected to Office#1 Voice over IP (VoIP) and Multimedia technology is optional. All LAN cabling distances between PCs/Servers and networking devices should be less than 100m. LAN technology is Ethernet based and IPv4 only is assumed. VLANs/IP Subnets need to be allocated for all networks and sized appropriately depending on their function.

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III. Project Scope

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Project Scope The following is within scope for the project: The scope for the implementation of the DIT Bank Network will include all planning, design, selection, and decisions for building a new IT infrastructure; • Project management (planning and budgeting) • System strategy for all applications and infrastructure • Application management • Moving day execution • Acceptance testing • Project wrap up

The following is out of scope for the project: Out of scope for this project is the build, renovation, or co-location of the new data center [this DC will be off country but this report won’t provide details on this infrastructure, except to define that it will be a Tier 4 DC]. Out of scope for this project is the cost for the ISP MPLS access, due to the fact that the contacted providers did not reply to the queries.

Background (optional) Network Scenario: A new medium sized banking organisation called DIT Bank with approx. 500 employees spread across various sites and countries is being created as a result of a joint venture.

IV. Current State of the Network

This section briefly describes the structure and performance of the existing network. The current state of each network and areas are reviewed for improvement to align the utility to the needs of its business and unify network-based services.

• Assessing the utility’s current architecture includes: • High-level design for routing and switching infrastructure • Current LAN performance, traffic, and configurations • Existing network security: internal, perimeter, wireless, unified communications, data

centre, endpoint, and firewall security • Developing a high-level converged network solution proposal identifying technologies and

solutions to achieve business and network goals

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V. Design Requirements

This section demonstrates how different types of requirements collectively can lead to the achievement of the desired network design, which ultimately will facilitate achieving business goals.

5.1. Business Goals To achieve a network design that delivers value to the business and aligns with its goals and directions, network designers must follow a structured approach. This approach must start from the top level, focusing on business needs, drivers, and directions, to generate a business-driven design. In addition, with the top-down approach, network designers can always produce business-driven network architecture that facilitates, at later stages, the selection of the desired hardware platforms and technology features and protocols to deploy the intended design. This makes the network design more responsive to any new business or technology requirements. The Business goals for this project include the following:

■ Reduce operational cost;

■ Enhance employees productivity;

■ Expand the business (adding more remote sites);

5.2. Technical Goals The technical goals of a network can be understood as the technical aspects that a network infrastructure must provide in terms of security, availability, scalability, and integration. These requirements are often called nonfunctional requirements. Technical requirements vary, and they must be used to justify a technology selection. In addition, technical requirements are considered the most dynamic type of requirements compared to other requirements such business requirements because, based on technology changes, they change often. The Technical goals for this project include the following:

■ Heightened levels of network availability;

■ Provide future proof scalability;

■ Support the integration with network tools and services;

■ Cater for network infrastructure security techniques;

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5.3. User Communities and Data Stores A user community is a set of workers who use a particular application or set of applications. A user community can be a corporate department or set of departments; in this scenario, the user community will be the bank sharing hardware and software information across the sites. A data store is an area in a network where application layer data resides. A data store can be a server, a server farm, a storage area network (SAN), a mainframe, a tape back-up unit, a digital village library, or any device or component of an internetwork where large quantity of data are stored i.e. the bank will have a DNS server installed at HQ for managing of internet domains.

5.4. Network Applications Banks and financial institutions can benefit from a full array of services, from IT strategy development and the deployment of application systems, to the creation of corporate-level information infrastructures. • Banking Automation System • CRM Systems:

• Oracle Siebel CRM • SAP CRM

• Data Analysis and Storage Systems: • Oracle Financial Services Applications • Oracle Mantas Anti Money Laundering • Oracle Reveleus Risk Management • Oracle Enterprise Performance Management (Oracle Hyperion product line) • Oracle Business Intelligence • SAP SEM, BW, BI

• Bank Reporting Systems • Integrated Solutions and Customised Projects (including systems based on):

• Oracle BPEL Process Manager • Oracle Enterprise Service Bus • Oracle Data Integrator

• E-mail • Instant messaging • Remote login • VoIP[Softphones] • Real-time video conference

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VI. Logical Design

When referring to a “logical" network we are talking about the logical addressing used to describe the network itself or the networks it connects to. The following designs provide us with a conceptual view of the intended network of this challenge.

6.1. Network Diagram - Overview

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6.2. Network diagram - Logical topology Headquarter

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VLAN Number Description Network

VLAN 10 Sales 10.254.16.0/16

VLAN 20 Finance 10.254.17.0/16

VLAN 30 IT Dep. 10.254.18.0/16

VLAN 40 Call Centre 10.254.19.0/16

6.3. Subnets

The following is a list of subnets defined for the DIT Bank network:

Headquarters

Sales Finance IT Department Call Centre

Address: 10.254.16.0 10.254.17.0 10.254.18.0 10.254.19.0

Netmask: 255.255.255.0 = 24 255.255.255.0 = 24 255.255.255.0 = 24 255.255.255.0 = 24

Wildcard: 0.0.0.255 0.0.0.255 0.0.0.255 0.0.0.255

Network: 10.254.16.0/24 10.254.17.0/24 10.254.18.0/24 10.254.19.0/24

Hosts/Net: 254 254 254 254

Internal VLAN ID: VLAN 10 VLAN 20 VLAN 30 VLAN 40

Warehouse & Branches

Site 2 - Warehouse

Site 3 Site 4 Site 5 Site 6 Site 7

Address: 10.254.20.0 10.254.21.0 10.254.22.0 10.254.23.0 10.254.24.0 10.254.25.0

Netmask: 255.255.255.0

= 24

255.255.255.0

= 24

255.255.255.0

= 24

255.255.255.0

= 24

255.255.255.0

= 24

255.255.255.

0 = 24

Wildcard: 0.0.0.255 0.0.0.255 0.0.0.255 0.0.0.255 0.0.0.255 0.0.0.255

Network: 10.254.20.0/24 10.254.21.0/24 10.254.22.0/24 10.254.23.0/24 10.254.24.0/24 10.254.25.0/24

Hosts/Net:

254 254 254 254 254 254

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VII. Physical Design

In building construction, the foundation carries the load of the structure on top of it, in addition to any future anticipated loads, such as people and furniture. Everything goes on top of the foundation. In other words, a solid and reliable foundation can be considered the basis of everything that comes after. Similarly, in network architectures, the foundation of the network (which is the underlying physical infrastructure) is where the entire traffic load is handled. It can be a critical influencer with regard to the adoption of certain designs or goals. 7.1. Network Diagram - Physical topology Headquarter

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7.2. Network Diagram - Physical topology Branches/ Warehouse

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7.3. Solution Overview The following chapter describes the selection of the different components that build the Network-critical physical infrastructure (NCPI) on which the DIT Bank IT Network resides. It consists of power distribution, racks, cabling, cable distribution and cooling distribution, as well as the network equipments installed. The goal of the NCPI is to provide a highly available network.

The designed solution is in accordance with the following international standards: • Standard EIA / TIA 568C.2 (EN 50173, ISO 11801) • Technical Bulletin TSB 36 e TSB 40 • Standard EN 50288, for copper cables • Standard RoHS 2002/95/EC, ICEA-S-83-596, EN 50389, Euroclass C, for fiber cables • Standard EIA-310-D 19

• Standard EN 50091-1, EN/IEC 62040-1-1, EN/IEC 62040-3, FCC Part 15 Class A, ISO 14001, ISO 9001, VFI-SS-111

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7.3.1 Solution Description Warehouse and Branches

Site #2 - Warehouse

The warehouse is located in a separate location, about 1km away from Office#1 block. Used for “credit/debit card” manufacturing. PCs for inventory and tracking are used. (35 users planned). This is a small network and stands on top of a category 6 infrastructure allowing the desktop users to be connected at 1GB links by the Cisco Catalyst 3650 Series 48 10/100/1000 switch. The network is connected to the headquarter by two cisco routers[voice/ data] and backup is established via Wi-Fi connection using a Cisco Aironet 1300 Series Outdoor Access Point/Bridge.

Figure 7: Network Diagram with Power Injector

Site #3/7 - Branches

The branches are spread across different geographical regions and connect the network stands on top of a category 6 infrastructure allowing the desktop users to be connected at 1GB links by the Cisco Catalyst 3650 Series 48 10/100/1000 switch. The network is connected to the headquarter by two cisco routers[voice/ data] with VPN IPSec-based branch office WAN links. The choice for IPSec is for the fact that IPSec VPNs protect IP packets exchanged between remote networks or hosts and an IPSec gateway located at the edge of your private network while SSL VPN products protect application streams from remote users to an SSL gateway. In other words, IPSec connects hosts to entire private networks, while SSL VPNs connect users to services and applications inside those networks.

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7.3.2 Solution Description Headquarters Almost every building system today includes HVAC, lighting, security, and communications, that use the IT network for management and control. This presents an opportunity to create intelligent buildings: converging building systems control onto an intelligent, open-systems architecture and makes it possible to implement facility policies that enhance building efficiency and effectiveness and enable a quick respond rather than react to changing business requirements and user needs. The following components allow the integration and adoption of these emerging technologies and plan for future proof solutions.

7.3.2.1 Access Network

This layer is also called the desktop layer because it focuses on connecting client nodes, such as workstations to the network. This layer ensures that packets are delivered to end user computers. In terms of solution and considering that the physical permanent link cabling outlives the network switches MTBF, a long standing structured cabling needs to be implemented and certified. The following is the list of the main components that comprise the Access Network on each floor:

N-Type Cabinet frame with top panel. Tapped equipment rails

(12-24). Dual hinge perforated front door opens to the left or right.

Split perforated rear doors open in the middle to minimise door

swing footprint. Solid side panels (2). Two sets of #12-24 threaded

equipment mounting rails. 42 RU cable management on front and

rear of front posts. Dimensions: 78.8"H x 31.5”W x 42.0"D (2000mm

x 800mm x 1067mm). Colour: Black

Fiber tray holds up to three FAP or FMP adapter panels. Slide-out

drawer provides front access to fibers. Dimensions: 1.74"H x

17.16"W x 11.80"D (44.2mm x 435.9mm x 299.7mm)

24-port CPPL24WBL patch panel with 24 CJ688TGBL jack modules.

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Cisco Catalyst 3650 Series Switches Specs:

24 and 48 10/100/1000 data and PoE+ ports to power your access

points and other devices, with energy-efficient Ethernet (EEE)

3 fixed-uplink models with 4 x 1 Gigabit Ethernet, 2 x 10 Gigabit

Ethernet, or 4 x 10 Gigabit Ethernet ports

11.62 in.-deep switches (select SKUs) with reduced noise for

deployment in tight wiring closets

Optional Cisco StackWise-160 technology to provide scalability and

resiliency with 160 Gbps of stack throughput

Enhanced security with support for Flexible NetFlow, Cisco TrustSec,

and MACsec encryption

Enterprise-class Layer 2 and 3 switching with QoS

Cisco Application Visibility and Control for better network capacity

management and planning

Dual redundant, modular power supplies and three modular fans

Copper cable, category 6, U/UTP, CM, 4-pair, conductors are 24

AWG, twisted in pairs, separated by an integrated pair divider and

protected by a LSZH blue jacket

Outlet 45mm x 45mm adapter with one 1/2-size sloped shuttered

module insert with label and label cover. Accepts up to two Mini-

Com™ Modules. Category 6, RJ45, 8-position, 8-wire universal

module, bulk packaged. Includes the EGJT termination tool

Category 6 patch cord, UTP, solid, TX6™ PLUS Jack Module to TX6™

PLUS Modular Plug.

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7.3.2.2 Distribution Network

This layer includes LAN-based routers and layer 3 switches. This layer ensures that packets are properly routed between subnets and VLANs in the enterprise. This layer is also called the Workgroup layer. This layer interfaces between the Access and Network Core and to provide high levels of connectivity, fibre optic is used for the uplinks with Category 6A copper cable as a redundancy.






rear of front posts. Dimensions: 78.8"H x 31.5"W x 42.0"D (2000mm


Fiver tray holds up to three FAP or FMP adapter panels. Slide-out

drawer provides front access to fibers. Dimensions: 1.74"H x

17.16"W x 11.80"D (44.2mm x 435.9mm x 299.7mm)

8-fiber OM3 10 GbE multimode low smoke zero halogen (LSZH)

indoor/outdoor all dielectric cable with tight buffered fibers.

24-port patch panel kit with flat patch panel and Category 6A TG

style jacks, with labels

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Cisco Catalyst 4500E Series Switches with Supervisor 8-E offer

exceptional scalability and comprehensive features to meet current

and future network demands.

Delivers up to 928 Gbps system bandwidth and nonblocking 48

Gbps per slot

Has eight nonblocking 10 Gigabit Ethernet uplinks with a field-

programmable gate array to support next-generation protocols

Can scale up to 384 Gigabit copper ports, 200 Gigabit fiber ports, or

104 10-Gigabit ports in non-virtual switching system (VSS) mode

Offers 116 Universal Power of Ethernet (UPOE) (60 W), 240 PoE+ (30

W), and 384 PoE (15 W) with 9000 W power supply

Copper cable, category 6A, U/UTP, CM, 4-pair, conductors are 24



Outlet 45mm x 45mm adapter with one 1/2-size sloped shuttered

module insert with label and label cover. Accepts up to two Mini-

Com™ Modules. Category 6A, RJ45, 8-position, 8-wire universal

module, bulk packaged. Includes the EGJT termination tool

Category 6A patch cord, UTP, solid, TX6™ PLUS Jack Module to

TX6™ PLUS Modular Plug.

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7.3.2.3 Core Network

The core layer is responsible for fast and reliable transportation of data across a network. The core layer is often known as the backbone or foundation network because all other layers rely upon it. Its purpose is to reduce the latency time in the delivery of packets. The factors to be considered while designing devices to be used in the core layer are: • High data transfer rate: Speed is important at the core layer. One way that core

networks enable high data transfer rates is through load sharing, where traffic can travel through multiple network connections.

• Low latency period: The core layer typically uses high-speed low latency circuits which only forward packets and do not enforcing policy.

• High reliability: Multiple data paths ensure high network fault tolerance; if one path experiences a problem, then the device can quickly discover a new route.

To meet these demands while minimising the risk to service levels, the available data centre space is often under-utilised while being over provisioned with excess power and cooling capacity regardless of actual IT equipment and space utilisation. With these requirements in mind it’s time to present the Network Core main solution and it’s components.

Figure 8: 3D diagram view of the DIT HQ Datacenter

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IT Managers, challenged to maximise the utilisation of available rack-space and cooling capacity, often increase the power density per cabinet. As cabinet power densities rise, containment architectures are the optimal approach, ensuring uniform cooling air temperature is delivered to equipment in high density PODs allowing full utilisation of available cabinet space and cooling capacity.

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Vertical Exhaust Duct [VED] Overhead Cable Pathway Systems

Sealing Accessories

Server type Cabinets

Hardware monitoring systemNetwork type Cabinets with angular patch panels

Vertical Exhaust Duct (VED) Systems optimise cooling energy utilisation to support high density heat loads to enable 30kw or greater per cabinet. VEDs passively separate hot exhaust air from cooling air and direct hot exhaust air from active equipment into the Computer Room Air Handler (CRAH) air return system, allowing higher return air temperature improving CRAH and heat exchanger system efficiency up to 40% or more.

Vertical Exhaust Duct System Benefits

• Flexibility and Versatility – Multiple sizes, heights and adjustable height features allow system to adapt to virtually any data centre structure including slab floors or raised floors and facilities with or without drop ceilings. • Speed Deployment and Reduce Installation Cost – Fast, simple assembly and integral ceiling seal reduce installation time by 30% compared to competitive offerings • Enhance Your Data Centre Environment – Vertical Exhaust Duct and Cabinets with sealed, solid rear doors dampen equipment noise. • Bond Vertical Exhaust Duct with single connection improves system reliability and protection to personnel – Entire VED is fully electrically bonded to the cabinet requiring no grounding whips for protection of equipment and personnel.

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Typical Data Centre• Cool air does not reach the top portions of the cabinets,making servers in the top rack units vulnerable to overheating • Hot exhaust air follows complex air row path back to CRAH units

Data Centre using Vertical Exhaust Duct• Uniform distribution of cool air reaching the top of the cabinet• Hot exhaust air is isolated and ducted directly to CRAH units

Energy Matrix - Symmetra PX

The Symmetra PX is a world class, redundant, scalable, 3 Phase UPS power protection system designed to cost effectively provide high levels of availability. Seamlessly integrating into today's state-of-the-art data centre designs, the Symmetra PX is a true modular system. Made up of dedicated and redundant modules, power, intelligence, battery and bypass, all engineered into a design that is easily and efficiently serviceable, this architecture can scale power and runtime as demand grows or as higher levels of availability are required.

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1- Dual Mains Input/OutputAllows for top or bottom feed connection to 2 separate power inputs for increased availability.2- Modular power distributionAdapt the modular power distribution solution to meet changing demand with easy to install power distribution modules. Monitor breaker positions and simplify power management with output metering and branch current/circuit monitoring. 3- High Efficiency (95%) Power Module - down to 30% loading Independently verified , these high-efficiency double conversion power modules reduce power & cooling costs, saving you money, while delivering the optimal power protection4- LCD Display InterfaceOffers a clear text-based overview of alarms, status data, and system configuration options.5- Main Intelligence Module and Redundant Intelligence Module Back-up for the Main Intelligence Module provides the maximum possible availability.6- Network Management CardProvides UPS status and event notification. Two SmartSlot positions support Dry Contact, Building Management System (Modbus/Jbus), and additional Network Management Cards. 7- Built-in Static Bypass SwitchThe swappable Static Bypass Switch transfers the load to utility power without interruption in case of heavy overload or faulty conditions, and ensures that even in 125% overload conditions, the data center remains operational.8- Swappable Battery ModuleConnected in parallel for increased availability, these swappable battery modules feature advanced battery monitoring and temperature-compensated battery charging that extends battery life. Additional battery frames can be added for longer run times. 9- High Density FootprintThe all-in-one solution requires front-facing access only, which provides more flexibility on where you place the space-saving UPS and enables the Symmetra PX 48kW to be put anywhere – which leaves more room for IT equipment.

UPS Network Management Card w/ Environmental Monitoring & Out of Band Management

Changes in humidity and temperature are reported via the user interface or e-mail.

The InRow Direct Expansion design closely couples the cooling with the IT heat load. This design prevents hot air recirculation, while improving cooling predictability and allowing for a pay as you grow environment. Available in self-contained, fluid cooled, and air-cooled configurations with or without humidity control, these products meet the diverse requirements for closet, server room, and data center cooling. The intelligent controls of the InRow Direct Expansion products actively adjust fan speed and refrigerant flow to match the IT heat load to maximise efficiency.






rear of front posts. Dimensions: 78.8"H x 31.5"W x 42.0"D (2000mm


Holds up to twelve QuickNet™ Cassettes, FAP adapter panels, or

FOSM splice modules. Dimensions: 6.98"H x 17.60"W x 16.30"D

(177.0mm x 447.0mm x 414.0mm)

12-fiber QN SFQ cassette, six LC duplex adapters to MTP*, OM3

(50/125µm), modified Method A, pair flipped

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OM3 12-fiber, harness cable assembly, low smoke zero halogen

rated, MPO male to LC duplex with equal breakout, Ultra IL.

24-port, angled, Category 6A, 10 Gb/s patch panel with 24 RJ45 8-

position, 8-wire ports.

The Cisco Catalyst 6500-E Series Chassis provides superior

investment protection by supporting multiple generations of

products in the same chassis, lowering the total cost of ownership.

The Cisco Catalyst 6500-E Series Chassis supports all the Cisco

Catalyst 6500 Supervisor Engines up to and including the Cisco

Catalyst 6500 Series Supervisor Engine 2T, and associated LAN,

WAN, and services modules.

Cisco ASA 5580-40 Appliance with 4 10GE, Dual AC, 3DES/AES

Cisco Systems ASR1004-10G/K9

Copper cable, category 6A, U/UTP, CM, 4-pair, conductors are 24



Category 6A patch cord, UTP, solid, TX6™ PLUS Jack Module to

TX6™ PLUS Modular Plug.

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VIII. Project Budget

In this chapter we will include the project budget in a detailed estimate of all the costs required to complete the project tasks.

8.1. Return on Investment

8.1.1 Switches, Routers & Firewalls

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8.1.2 VoIP System

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8.1.3 Energy matrix, Structured Cabling & Others

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IX. Implementation PlanThe following implementation plan contains the work breakdown structure [WBS] for the DIT Bank network.

9.1. Project Schedule

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Services, P., Routers, C., Literature, D. and Sheets, D. (2016). Cisco 4000 Series Integrated Services Router

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School of Electronic and Communications Engineering,

Dublin Institute of Technology,

Kevin Street,

Dublin 8,

Ireland.

REP.01 NETW3205 Network Management

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