Renal System Histology and Models

Renal System Histology and Models

Types of kidney stones

Adrenal gland

Kidney

Renal artery

Ureter

Urinary bladder

Spleen

Adrenal gland

Kidney

Ureter

Urinary bladder

Prostate gland

Urethra

Trigone

Prostate gland

Urethra

Adrenal gland

Kidney

Ureter

Urinary bladder

Prostate gland

Urethra

Kidney Regions

• The kidney is divided into three REGIONS.• If the question asks you to name the

REGION, the answer is one of the below:– CORTEX– MEDULLA– RENAL PELVIS

Cortex

Medulla

Renal Pelvis

REGIONS

Cortex

Medulla

Renal Pelvis

REGIONS

Kidney Structures

• If the question asks you to name the STRUCTURE, it is one of the below:

 • Within the cortex, you will find the glomeruli and the

proximal and distal convoluted tubules.• Within the medulla you will find the loops of Henle,

collecting ducts, the pyramids and the columns (pale area between the pyramids).

• Within the renal pelvis you will find the hilus, the major calyxes, which branch into the minor calyxes.

Cortex:GlomerulusProximal and Distal

convoluted tubules

Medulla:Loops of HenleCollecting ductPyramids Columns

Renal pelvisHilusMajor calyxesMinor calyxes

Cortex:GlomerulusProximal and Distal

convoluted tubules

Medulla:Loops of HenleCollecting ductPyramids Columns

Renal pelvisHilusMajor calyxesMinor calyxes

Renal Cortex

Renal Medulla

Renal pelvis

Adrenal Cortex

Adrenal Medulla

Pyramids

Hilus

Ureter

Major calyx

Minor calyx

Pyramids

Hilus

Ureter

Calyx

Calyx

Pyramids

Hilus

Kidney stones

Ureter

Renal arterySegmental artery

Interlobar artery

Interlobular artery

Arcuate artery

Renal artery

Interlobular artery

Interlobar artery

Arcuate artery

Segmental artery

KIDNEY MODEL

• Glomerulus • Proximal convoluted tubule• Descending loop of the nephron

– Thick segment– Thin segment

• Ascending loop of the nephron– Thick segment– Thin segment

• Distal convoluted tubule• Collecting duct• Vasa recta

Glomerulus

Vasa recta

Distal convoluted tubuleProximal convoluted tubuleGlomerulus

Descending loop of the NephronAscending loop of the nephron

Collecting duct

Thick segment of the ascending loop of the nephron

Thick segment of the descending loop of the nephron

Thin segment of the ascending loop of the nephron

Thin segment of the descending loop of the nephron

Study Tip:To get oriented, always start at the glomerulus and run your finger down the proximal convoluted tubule. When it loops back up and thickens, you are now at the distal convoluted tubule.

Efferent arterioleAfferent arterioleGlomerular (Bowman’s) capsule

Macula densa

Proximal convoluted tubule

GLOMERULUS

vasa recta

peritubular capillaries

vasa recta

peritubular capillaries

KIDNEY SLIDES

• Glomerulus – (simple squamous epithelium)

• Convoluted tubules– (simple cuboidal epithelium)

Glomerulus

Tubule

Skip

Glomerulus

Convoluted Tubule

Convoluted Tubule

Kidney

Glomerulus