Renaissance Advancements in Literature, Science, the Arts

By Joyce Thung for Mr. Haskvitz 7.8.4- Detail advances made in literature, the arts, science, mathematics, cartography, engineering, and the understanding of human anatomy and astronomy

Literature

Globe Theatre, where Shakespearean plays are performed.

•Writers (ex. Cervantes) wrote romantic novels and the period of the Middle Ages.

•William Shakespeare- most famous English writer/ playwright of all times.

-Because of Shakespeare, plays became an entertainment for all social classes.

-Influenced the English language and created around 2,000 words.

-Works show the Renaissance spirit- that human beings are important.

Arts- Statues and Drawings

The Pieta by Michelangelo

•Statues and drawings - Renaissance similar to the Classical Period.

•Tried to duplicate the styles of ancient Greeks and Romans

•shows realistic, lifelike poses

•shows the human body in great detail

•drapes of cloth visible in clothing

•Perspective introduced- making a three-dimensional picture on a flat surface.

Perspective

•Unimportant subjects are drawn vaguely and with less detail.

•Main subject(s) of the picture are drawn with more detail and specificity.

•To show distance- -used different shades, colors and shadows. -straight lines (for ex.- tiles on the floor) are drawn with angle.

ArchitectureArchitectural Buildings-

• Influenced by the ancient Roman culture.

• Buildings in geometrical shaped.

• Ideas brought by mathematical discoveries.

• Pillars & symmetrical domes.

• Filippo Brunelleschi

Astronomy

ellipse

•Copernicus- Heliocentric System. - Earth revolves around the Sun

•Kepler- Laws of Planetary Motion (ellipses) -Planets move faster when closer to the Sun.

•Brache- parallax- using the distant stars to see the apparent shift of the closer stars

Human Anatomy

•Leonardo da Vinci- - Muscular & Skeletal System - Nerves and Joints - Organs- ex: the heart. - Facial structure - Skull

• Knowledge of human anatomy incorporated with the human structure in art.

•More knowledge of the human body. (internal and physical)

Science

•Paracelsus- found chemicals to cure diseases.

•Sir Isaac Newton- law of universal gravitation. •New scientific instruments invented- - microscope - thermometer - barometer - telescope (astronomy)

•Scientific method- experiment & gather data to prove theories logically.

Mathematics

ax4 + bx3 + cx2 + dx + e = 0 (where

a = 0) Quartic Equation

•Widman introduces positive (+) and negative (-) signs.

•Del Ferro - founded formula to solving cubic equations.

•Christoff Rudolff- introduced square roots (√). He also realized that x0 =1•New mathematical ideas influenced art and linear perspective.

•Ferrari- created the quartic equation.

Inventions

•Gutenberg's printing press - Renaissance ideas spread quickly - Illiteracy rates decline

Gutenberg’s printing press.

Spring clock

• Eyeglasses- developed from the microscope & telescope (science).

•Boyle- invented the match.

•Brunelleschi- spring clock, allowing to be carried (pocket watch).

Question #1 Besides stories, what other type of writing did William Shakespeare write?

A. Magazine articles B. Plays

C. Cultural issues

D. Philosophies

Question #2 The Renaissance art/statues resembled from which other period in history?

A. The Middle Ages

B. The Enlightenment

C. The American Revolution

D. The Classical Period

Question #3 Who was a famous Renaissance Architect?

A. BrunelleschiB. Kepler

C. Copernicus

D. Gutenberg

Question #4

Which conclusion did Copernicus make?

A. Law of Universal Gravitation

B. Laws of Planetary Motion

C. Heliocentric System

D. Law of Reflection

Question #5Which of the following did Leonardo da Vinci study about?

A. The Muscular System of the body

B. The nerves and joints “ “

C. The facial structure

D. All of the above

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