Relatório de Ensaio de Tração

7/21/2019 Relatório de Ensaio de Tração

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UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO MARANHÃOCENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS – CCT

DEPARTAMENTO DE ENGENHARIA MECÂNICA E PRODUÇÃO – DEMECPCURSO DE ENGENHARIA MECÂNICA

RELATÓRIO DE ENSAIO DE TRAÇÃO

SÃO LUÍS – MA2015



DANUEY PETMAN DA CRUZ SILVA 11220!

"#$IO RAMALHO LEITE CHAVES 112222

LUÍS ANDR% OLIVEIRA DA SILVA 11222PEDRO LUIZ DINIZ DIAS 11220

RELATÓRIO DE ENSAIO DE TRAÇÃO

R&'()*+,- (.+&/&)(- (/&(- &3 43 &/)4-&/&-',- &3 '(-+()*+,-6 ,/(- 7 -)&89- &43 :-3.'&3&)- ( ; -)( ( ,/:,.',( &L(-+()*+,- & E<&=(+,( -/ M()&+,(,/6 3,,/)+((

.&'- P+->? @&'',)- & A//489- - :4+/- &E<&=(+,( M&:,:(?

SÃO LUÍS – MA2015



SUMÁRIO

1. OBJETIVOS2. INTRODUÇÃO

3. ENSAIO DE TRAÇÃO COM AÇO 10203.1. Prepara!" #" $"rp" #e pr"%a3.2. M&'"#" #" e()a*"3.3. Pr"pr*e#a#e) a )ere+ ",'*#a) ("

e()a*" #e 'ra!"3.-. A/() re)'a#")

-. CONCLUSÃOREERNCIAS

1. OBJETIVOS



O &/(,- & )+(89- )&3 :-3- >489- & (4B,',(+ - &/)4- ( +&/,/):,( - 3()&+,('

&3.+&<(- - &B.&+,3&)-6 -/ >-+&:&- (-/ 4& .&+3,),+(3 3&'=-+ ((',/& - 3()&+,('

4),',(- - &B.&+,3&)-6 :-3-F ',3,)& & +&/,/):,( )+(89- ( σ u ), ',3,)& &

&/:-(3&)- ( σ e ), 3*4'- & &'(/),:,(& (ε), 3*4'- & +&/,/):,( 6 3*4'- &

)&(:,(& (U t ), 4:),',(&6 :-&>,:,&)& & &:+4(3&)- (n) & :-&>,:,&)& & +&/,/):,( (k)?

O &/(,- :-/,/)& &3 )+(:,-(+ 43 :-+.- & .+-( 4(+(- :=(.( 3&)',:( ()J - /&4

+-3.,3&)- )-)('? E//& &/(,- -/ (K4(+ ( :-'&)(+ (-/ 4& -/ .&+3,),+ ((',/(+ (/

,>-+3(8&/ ,3.-+)()&/ & :(+(:)&+/),:(/ & &/.&:,>,:(8&/ - 3()&+,(' .(+( &/)& +&'()*+,-?



2. INTRODUÇÃO

A .(+),+ & 43( :=(.( & (8- 1020 :-3 - :-+.- & .+-(6 +&(',(3-/ &3 /&<4,( -

&/(,- & )+(89-? E//& &/(,- -/ 3-/)+-4 43 <+>,:-6 4& /&+ 3-/)+(- ( /&<4,+6 & )&/9-

&>-+3(89- 4& K4)- :-3 - /->)(+& &)&+3,(+ (/ /&<4,)&/ .+-.+,&(&/ - 3()&+,('F

3*4'- & &'(/),:,(&6 ',3,)& & &/:-(3&)-6 ',3,)& & +&/,/):,( 3&:,:(6 ',3,)& &

+4.)4+(6 3*4'- & )&(:,(&6 3*4'- & +&/,',:,( & ('-<(3&)- )-)('?

O &/(,- & )+(89- &.&& (/,:(3&)& ( 34,( 4),',(( - 4(' /& +&(',(+ -

&B.&+,3&)-6 &//& :(/- 4),',(3-/ ( 34,( & E/(,- U,&+/(' EMIC DL5000100006

4& ('J3 & +&(',(+ &/(,-/ & )+(89-6 +&(',( &/(,-/ & :-3.+&//9-6 >'&B9-6 :,/('=(3&)-6

&34),3&)- 3&)('-<+>,:-6 -+(3&)- &):?



3. ENSAIO DE TRAÇÃO COM AÇO 10203.1. Prepara!" #" C"rp" #e Pr"%a

O 3()&+,(' 4),',(- >-, - (8- 1020? R&:&&3-/ 43( :=(.( 3&)',:( & &/.&//4+( !

336 ( .(+),+ ( 4(' :->&::,-(3-/ - :-+.- & .+-(F

3.2. M&'"#" #e E()a*"

O 3J)-- & &/(,- /&<4- ( )&-+,( - :-+.- & .+-( && /&+ .+&/- .&'(/ /4(/

&B)+&3,(&/ (/ <(++(/ & >,B(89- - ,/.-/,),- & )&/)&/? A 34,( & &/(,- & )+(89- J .+-K&)(( .(+( ('-<(+ - :-+.- & .+-( ( 43( )(B( :-/)()&6 ('J3 & 3&,+ :-)4( &



/,34')(&(3&)& ( :(+<( ,/)()&( (.',:(( & -/ ('-<(3&)-/ +&/4')()&/ 4/(- 43

&B)&/Q3&)+-?

A (3-/)+( )&/)(( J &>-+3(( & 3(&,+( .&+3(&)&? O +&/4')(- J +&<,/)+(- &343 +&<,/)+(-+ <+>,:- ( >-+3( & :(+<( &3 >489- - ('-<(3&)-6 &//(/ :(+(:)&+/),:(/ /9-

&.&&)&/ - )(3(=- ( (3-/)+(? O &/(,- & )+(89- +&(',(- .-+ */ >-, &B&:4)(- &3

(4'( - '(-+()*+,- ( ,/:,.',( :-3- K >-, :,)(- ()&+,-+3&)&? U),',-4/& ( 34,(

=,+4',:( & )+(89- & 43 .'-))&+ &3 43 :-3.4)(-+?

A 34,( & &/(,- & )+(89- 4& )&3 <(++(/ .(+( .+&&+ - :-+.- & .+-( .&+3,)&

4& - -.&+(-+ (+,& ( :(+<( (.',:(( 4+()& - &/(,-?

O .+-<+(3( & .'-)(<&3 & <+>,:-/ - :-3.4)(-+ -/ >-+&:& ( :4+( 4& /&+,+

3(,/ (,()& .(+( +&(',(+ )--/ -/ :':4'-/ & (),<,+ -/ -K&),-/ .+&,(3&)& :,)(-/? O

3J)-- & &/(,- >-, - /&<4,)&F .+&&3-/ ( .&4&( :=(.( .&'(/ /4(/ &B)+&3,(&/? C-3-

(/ <(++(/ ( 34,( =,+4',:( K &/)9- <(/)(/6 ),&3-/ 4& >(&+ 43( .&4&( ((.)(89-F

(.',:(3-/ 43 .-4:- & :(+<( - :-+.- & .+-( & )&)(3-/ .+&'- 3(,/ (,( 7/ <(++(/?

O &/(,- &/)(( .+-)- .(+( /&+ ,,:,(-? O .+->&//-+ @&'',)- >-, (.',:(- :(+<( &

(-)(3-/ (-/ 4+()& - :-3.-+)(3&)- &'/),:- 4& 3(,/ (,()& /&+9- 3-/)+(-/6 &.-,/ .(//(3-/ .&'- +&<,3& .'/),:- & >,('3&)& - :-+.- & .+-( +-3.&4/&?

3.3. Pr"pr*e#a#e) a )ere+ ",'*#a) (" e()a*" #e 'ra!"

E/)& +&'()*+,- )&3 :-3- -K&),- 3-/)+(+ - &)&,3&)- & ('<43(/ (/

:(+(:)&+/),:(/ - 3()&+,(' &/)4(- .(+( 4& &/)&/ (-/ .-//(3 /&+ 4/(-/ &3 ('<43 .+-K&)-

>4)4+-? A)&/ -/ :':4'-/ &/)(/ :(+(:)&+/),:(/6 J &:&//+,- &)&'(/ & - 4& &'(/ -/

)+(&3?

A .(+),+ ( :4+( )&/9-&>-+3(89- J .-//&' &B)+(,+ 43( /J+,& & ,>-+3(8&/?

C-3&:&3-/ .&'- 3*4'- & &'(/),:,(&? E3 43 &/(,- & )+(89-6 ( .+,3&,+( .(+)& -

,(<+(3( (.+&/&)(/& :-3- 43( +&)( & J :=(3(( & >(/& ',&(+? O 3*4'- & &'(/),:,(&

D J - :-&>,:,&)& (<4'(+ &/)( +&)( & )(3J3 .-& /&+ &/:+,)- :-3- - 4-:,&)& &)+& (

)&/9- & ( &>-+3(89-?

N( >(/& ',&(+6 - -K&)- 9- /->+& &>-+3(89- &>,,),(6 .-,/ (.+&/&)( &>-+3(89-

&'/),:(? % .(+),+ & 43( :&+)( )&/9- 4& - -K&)- .(//( ( (.+&/&)(+ 43 :-3.-+)(3&)-

.'/),:- ,3.',:(- ( &>-+3(89- &>,,),( - 3()&+,(' & &/)( )&/9- J :=(3(( & )&/9-



& &/:-(3&)- A? D&.-,/ & ,,:,(( ( >(/& .'/),:(6 ( :(+<( &&)4('3&)& (),<& /&4 ('-+

3B,3- & ( )&/9- :-++&/.-&)& J :=(3(( & )&/9- & +&/,/):,( 3&:,:( $? U3

3(,-+ &/),+(3&)- ( :=(.( J ( &+(& (:-3.(=(- .-+ 43( +&489- ( :(+<( & ( >+()4+(

>,('3&)& -:-++& - .-)- :=(3(( & )&/9- & +4.)4+( C?

D&.-,/ ( +4.)4+( 3&&/& - :-+.- & .+-( & - (43&)- & :-3.+,3&)- &+,>,:(-

( )+(89- ()J ( +4.)4+( J :=(3(- & ('-<(3&)- )-)('? E )(3J3 .-& /&+ :(':4'(- .&'-

4-:,&)& ( ,>&+&8( & :-3.+,3&)-/ ,,:,(' & >,(' & - :-3.+,3&)- ,,:,('? A )&(:,(&

J ( :(.(:,(& 4& - 3()&+,(' )&3 & &>-+3(+/& .'(/),:(3&)& & )(3J3 +&)&+ &&+<,( ()&/

( +4.)4+(? O 3*4'- & )&(:,(& .-& /&+ :(':4'(- ()+(J/ ( +&( )-)(' - <+>,:- >,<4+(

? A +&/,',:,( J ( :(.(:,(& 4& - 3()&+,(' )&3 & +&)&+ &&+<,( &4()- /& &>-+3(

&'(/),:(3&)& & 4(- ',+& ( )&/9- &-'&+ &/)( &&+<,(? O 3*4'- & +&/,',:,( J

:(':4'(- ()+(J/ ( +&( - <+>,:- -& -:-++& - :-3.-+)(3&)- &'/),:-?





4(- - :-+.- & .+-( J &/),+(-6 43( :-)+(89- '()&+(' -:-++& & :-3 ( +&489- (

+&( .-&/& -/&+(+ ( e)'r*$!" & 43( :&+)( +&<,9- ( :=(.(?

% ,3.-+)()& '&3+(+ 4& ( :4+( & )&/9-&>-+3(89- & &<&=(+,( J 3-)((

:-/,&+(-/& ( +&( ( /&:89- :-/)()&6 - 4& J 43( (.+-B,3(89-? N( &+(& :-3 (

,3,4,89- ( +&( & /&:89- (/ )&/&/ (.',:((/ - :-+.- & .+-( (43&)(36 &/)( >-+3(

.-& /&+ &:&//+,- :-/)+4,+ 43( :4+( +&(' .(+( 43( ((',/& 3(,/ &)('=((?

3.-. A/() re)'a#")



-. CONCLUSÃO

C-3 ( (3.',(89- - <+>,:- -),- :-3 - &/(,- & )+(89- +&(',(- &3 '(-+()*+,-6

4& -/ .&+3,)& -/&+(+ :-3 3(,/ >(:,',(& :(( +&( :(+(:)&+/),:( 4& - 3()&+,('

(.+&/&)-46 .-&3-/ -)(+ 4()+- +&(/ :-3 :-3.-+)(3&)-/ ,/),)-/? O .+,3&,+-

:-3.-+)(3&)- - 3()&+,(' -/&+(- >-, - &'/),:-? E3 /&<4,(6 -/&+(3-/ ( +&( &

:-3.-+)(3&)- .'/),:-&/:-(3&)-? A +&( & :-3.-+)(3&)- .'/),:-6 J -& - 3()&+,('

.(//( ( /& &>-+3(+6 &/)( &)(.( /& -/&+( ( +&489- +.,( - ,3&)+- - :-+.- & .+-(? E

.-+ '),3-6 -/&+(3-/ - 3-3&)- & /4( +4.)4+( )-)('6 /& - <4'- - 3-3&)- ( >+()4+(

(.+&/&)(+ 56 :-3 &/.&+(- -/ 3()&+,(,/ :)&,/6 .-&/& :-/,&+(+ ( >+()4+( :-3- :),'?

O &/(,- & )+(89- (.+&/&)-4 ( :4+( &/.&+((6 /&<4,( ( >+()4+(6 :-3- /& )+()(( &43 (8- & (,B- :(+-- /&3 )+()(3&)- & &4+&:,3&)-6 - :(/- - 3()&+,(' 4),',(- &+(

43 (8- :-343 1020? P(+( 43 +&/4')(- 3(,/ .+&:,/-6 /&+,( &:&//+,- +&(',(+ - &/(,- .-+

3(,/ ('<43(/ &&/6 .(+( (//,3 .-&+ )+(8(+ 43( 3J,( & :(':4'(+ )(3J3 - &++- .+&,/)-?



REERNCIAS BIBLIORÁICAS

=)).F?:,33?:-3?+

?&(=?:-3?+:-)&)A$AAA$N0-Area'"r*"1'ra4 =))./F&?>&?4.?.)W&30001XMCM2rea'"r*"?-:

N-+3(/ & E/(,- & T+(89-F ASTM EXM S-4(6 SJ+<,- A4<4/)- & E/(,-/ M&:,:-/ &3 3()&+,(,/ 3&)',:-/6E,)-+( E<(+

$'4:=&+ L)(6 S9- P(4'-6 $+(/,'6 1[ C('',/)&+6 @,'',(3 D?6 C,:,( & E<&=(+,( -/ 3()&+,(,/6 E,)-+( LTC6 S9- P(4'-6

$+(/,'? 2000 L,+- T&'&:4+/- 2000 M&:,:( – E/(,- & M()&+,(,/6 &,)-+( G'-- – 1 &,89- &

10200

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