Regents Biology 2006-2007 Nucleic acids: Information molecules.

2006-2007 Regents Biology

Nucleic acids:

Information molecules

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Nucleic Acids Examples

DNA DeoxyriboNucleic

Acid

RNA RiboNucleic Acid

RNA

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DNADNA

Nucleic Acids Function:

genetic material stores information

genesblueprint for building proteins

DNA RNA proteins

transfers informationblueprint for new cellsblueprint for next generation

proteinsproteins

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AA

A

A

TC

G

CG

TG

C

T

Genes (DNA)are needed

to run bodies every day…to make you and me…to make new cells…

to make babies!

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Nucleic acids

Building block = nucleotides

5 different nucleotides different nitrogen bases A, T, C, G, U

nucleotide – nucleotide – nucleotide – nucleotide

phosphate

sugar N base

Nitrogen basesI’m the

A,T,C,G or Upart!

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Nucleotide chains Nucleic acids

nucleotides chained into a polymer DNA

double-sideddouble helixA, C, G, T

RNAsingle-sidedA, C, G, U

phosphate

sugar N base

phosphate

sugar N base

phosphate

sugar N base

phosphate

sugar N base

strong bonds

RNA

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DNA Double strand twists into a double helix

weak bonds between nitrogen bases join the 2 strands A pairs with T

A :: T C pairs with G

C :: G the two strands can

separate when our cells need to make copies of it

weak bonds

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Copying DNA Replication

copy DNA 2 strands of DNA helix are

complementary they are matching have one, can build other have one, can rebuild the whole

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Copying DNA pairing of the bases

allows each strand to serve as a pattern for a new strand

Newly copied strands of DNA

DNA replication

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Watson and Crick … and others…1953 | 1962

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HELIXHELIXHELIXHELIX

Let’s build some

DNA!