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LGRJS Stzd{ 260284
~j cgecozdj tm`t kl tmj JTS kstg lzolko kts rgoj `s ` ij{ `ed cgst!
jllkckjet drk|jr gl aktkn`tkge/ ktejjds tg bj rjdjsknejd
Sknzrd Ess!Scmakdt/A`rtke Bg M`esje/ Joke Bjrna`e
Rjlgra gl tmjJZ JTS s{stja
Jss`{s geJe|krgeajet` oJcgegakcs `edJetrjvrjezrsmkv
4Jsy
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2602 LGRJS
Rjlgra gl tmj JZ JTS s{stjaSknzrd Ess!Scmakdt/ A`rtke Bg M`esje/ Joke Bjrna`e
Lkrst vrket/ lrst jdktkge
LGRJS/ Bjooa`esn`t`e 06/ SJ!00= 26 Stgcimgoa/ S^JDJE
)4< -6+=!4:2 2< =!;0!;>;:6:!:!=
Lgrjs kas tg svrj`d tmjkr vzbokc`tkges s ~kdjo{ s vgsskboj% Tmjrjlgrj/ Lgrjs vzbokc`tkges c`e bj dg~eog`djd lgrlrjj ge ~~~%lgrjs%sj% Skenoj cgvkjs c`e osg bj grdjrjd ke vrket b{ ja`koken brj|Flgrjs%sj%
Jss`{s geJe|kr geaje t`oJcgega kcs `edJetrjv rjezrs mkv
4Jsy
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Rjlgra gl tmjJZ JTS s{stja
Sknzrd Ess!ScmakdtA`rtke Bg M`esje
Joke Bjrna`e
lgrjs stzd{260284
LGRJS/ 2602
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LGRJSLgrza lgr Rjlgras/ Jetrjvrjejzrsmkv `ed Szst`ke`!
bkokt{ks ` tmkei t`ei tm`t sjjis tg rjej~ tmj djb`tj ke S~jdje
~ktm ` bjokjl ke jetrjvrjejzrsmkv `ed gvvgrtzektkjs lgr vjgvoj
tg sm`vj tmjkr g~e ok|js%
Je|krgeajet `ed tmj a`rijt jcgega{/ aknr`tkge/ jetrjvrjejzr!smkv `ed ck|ko sgckjt{/ ketjnrkt{/ njedjr jpz`okt{/ nogb`o djagcr`tks`!
tkge `ed agdjreks`tkge gl ~jol`rjtmjsj `rj sgaj gl tmj ksszjs ge
~mkcm ~j lgczs% LGRJS ks `e gvje `ed kedjvjedjet lgrza lgr ck|ko
sgckjt{/ `c`djakcs `ed vgokc{ a`ijrs tmrgznmgzt S~jdje `ed Jz!
rgvj% Tgnjtmjr ~ktm vjgvoj ke S~jdje `ed `brg`d/ ~j ~koo ed sg!
oztkges tg bjttjr ajjt tmj cm`oojenjs tm`t nogb`oks`tkge `ed coka`tj
cm`enj brkens% ^j lzectkge `s ` okei bjt~jje tmj ck|ko sgckjt{/ je!
trjvrjejzrs/ vgokc{a`ijrs `ed sjrkgzs rjsj`rcm% LGRJS vrgdzcjs
rjsj`rcm v`vjrs `ed bggis/ `ed grn`eksjs sjake`rs `ed djb`tjs%
\kskt gzr ~jbv`nj ~~~%lgrjs%sj
@bgzt LGRJS
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@bgzt tmj @ztmgrs WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW}k
@bgzt tmj Stzd{WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW}kkk
Lgrj~grdWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW}|
S`aa`el`tteken v s|jesi`WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW}k}
Ketrgdzctkge `ed j}jcztk|j szaa`r{WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW 0
Cm`vtjr 0% @ St`boj JTS S{stja ~ktm ` Ogen!Tjra MgrkxgeWWWWWW>
Cm`vtjr 2% Dj`oken ~ktm c`rbge oj`i`nj ke JZ coka`tj vgokckjsW2>
Cm`vtjr 3% Ketrgdzcken zvstrj`a `dakekstr`tkge gl tmj JTSWWW3;
RjljrjecjsWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW43
T`boj gl Cgetjets
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}k
Sknzrd Ess!Scmakdt ks v`rtejr ke Cgvjem`nje Jcgegakcs/ `ed
ke cm`rnj gl `oo vrghjcts rjo`tjd tg jcgegakcs gl jejrn{ `ed coka`tj/
vzbokc e`ecj `ed e`eck`o sjr|kcjs% Bjlgrj hgkeken Cgvjem`nje Jcg!
egakcs/ Sknzrd ~grijd `t tmj D`eksm Akekstr{ gl Lke`ecj/ tmj GJCD/
`ed tmj JZ Cgaaksskge% Mj ~`s lgr ` djc`dj mj`d gl dk|kskge ke tmj
Akekstr{ gl Lke`ecj/ rjsvgeskboj lgr e`eck`o a`rijt rjnzo`tkge/ st`tj
djbt a`e`njajet `s ~joo `s JZ ``krs `ed m`s ~grijd ketjesk|jo{ ge
t`} vgokc{% Mj m`s t`znmt jcgegakcs bgtm `t tmj Zek|jrskt{ gl Cgvjem`!
nje `ed tmj Cgvjem`nje Bzskejss Scmggo%
A`rtke Bg M`esje~gris `s `e Jcgegakst t Cgvjem`nje Jcg!
egakcs% A`rtke mgods ` A`stjrs djnrjj ke jcgegakcs lrga Zek|jrskt{
gl Cgvjem`nje% A`rtke ~gris vrka`rko{ ~ktm jejrn{ `ed coka`tj jcg!
egakcs/ vzbokc e`ecj `ed e`eck`o sjr|kcjs% Bjlgrj hgkeken Cgvjem`!
nje Jcgegakcs/ A`rtke ~grijd `t tmj D`eksm Akekstr{ gl Lke`ecj%
Joke Bjrna`e ~gris `s `e Jcgegakst `t Cgvjem`nje Jcgegakcs%
Joke mgods ` A`stjrs djnrjj ke jcgegakcs lrga Ozed Zek|jrskt{% Joke
hgkejd Cgvjem`nje Jcgegakcs ke 2600 `ed m`s bjje ke|go|jd ke sj|jr`o
vrghjcts cgecjreken coka`tj `ed jejrn{% Bjlgrj hgkeken Cgvjem`njeJcgegakcs smj ~grijd `s `t tr`kejj `t tmj sjctkge lgr Jcgegakc @`krs
`t tmj vjra`ejet aksskge gl S~jdje tg tmj ketjre`tkge`o grn`eks`tkges
ke Njej|`%
@bgzt tmj @ztmgrs
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Tmks stzd{ st`rts lrga tmj t~g b`skc vrjaksjs tm`t tmj JZ ks stkoo
sjrkgzs `bgzt kts ogen!tjra cgaaktajets tg rjdzcken kts nrjjemgzsj
n`s jaksskges b{ :6=6 vjr cjet rjo`tk|j tg 0;;6 jaksskges/ `ed tm`t
tmj JZ JTS m`s ` cjetr`o rgoj tg vo`{ ke vrg|kdken ` coj`r `ed zeklgra
`b`tjajet kecjetk|j `crgss tmj JZ% Tmj `ztmgrs sznnjst tmrjj `rj`s
ke ~mkcm tmj JTS cgzod bj kavrg|jd tg jem`ecj tmj cgst!jjctk|j!
ejss gl tmj JZs coka`tj vgokckjs%
Lkrst/ tmjrj ks ` strgen `rnzajet lgr mknmjr aktkn`tkge t`rnjts lgr
tmj JTS% Czrrjeto{ tmj JTS o`cis ` coj`r `ecmgr lgr sjttken lztzrj
c`vs/ ~mkcm tgnjtmjr ~ktm tmj jcgegakc crksks m`s m`d ` d`avjeken
jjct ge tmj c`rbge vrkcj ~ktmke tmj tr`dken s{stja% Sjcged/ tmj
JZs `ed tmj ajabjr st`tjs aj`szrjs tg dj`o ~ktm c`rbge oj`i`nj
szjr lrga ` szbst`etk`o oj|jo gl kecgeskstjec{% Tmj `ztmgrs sznnjsttm`t tmj s{stja gl vrg|kdken lrjj `oog~`ecjs smgzod `vvo{ jpz`oo{ tg
jejrn{!vrgdzcken `ed jojctrkckt{!zsken kedzstrkjs b`sjd ge cgaage
`ed strkenjet crktjrk` rjn`rdken tmj rksi gl oj`i`nj% Tmkrd/ lgr rj`sges
gl `dakekstr`tk|j skavokckt{/ jjctk|j cgavok`ecj `ed tmj kavrg|j!
ajet gl tmj vgsskbkoktkjs lgr j}tjedken tmj scgvj gl tmj JTS/ tmj
`ztmgrs vrgvgsj tm`t tmj zvstrj`a s{stja rjcjk|js ` sjcged cm`ecj
ke ` rj|ksjd vgst!2626 JTS%
@bgzt tmj Stzd{
}kkk
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}|}|
@ tmgznmt!vrg|giken rjvgrt ~ktm ` c`sj lgr ogen tjra
ng`os% Tmj Jzrgvj`e tr`dken scmjaj JZ JTS ks tmj agst ka!
vgrt`et kektk`tk|j `e{~mjrj tg okakt jaksskges gl c`rbge dkg}kdj
tg `|gkd cgsto{ coka`tj cm`enj% Kt ks tmj `nsmkv gl tmj Jzrgvj`e
Zekges coka`tj vgokc{% Kt ks `osg `e j}`avoj lgr gtmjrs% C`oklgr!
ek`/ Ej~ Xj`o`ed/ @zstr`ok` `ed j|je Cmke` `oo oggi tg Jzrgvj lgr
` cgst jckjet ~`{ tg jeszrj jaksskge rjdzctkges% Tmj rst sj|je
{j`rs gl JZ JTS m`s bjje ` szccjss% M`ol tmj JZ8s jaksskges `rj
eg~ rjnzo`tjd `ed vrkcjd ke ` cgaage str`tjn{/ tmj s{stja m`s l`!
ckokt`tjd jaksskge rjdzctkges ~mjrj tmj{ `rj tmj cmj`vjst `ed kt
m`s a`dj szrj tm`t tmj c`rbge vrkcj ks `e `njed` ktja ke agst bzsk!
ejssjs bg`rd rggas%
Bzt tmks dgjs egt aj`e tmj JZ JTS ks ~ktmgzt `~s% Tmj j`ro{trk`o!`ed!jrrgr vjrkgd gl tmj JTS ~`s sm`i{/ `oog~`ecjs ~jrj
dkstrkbztjd okbjr`oo{ tg kedzstr{ kestj`d gl `zctkgeken tmja `ed tmj
c`v ge jaksskges ~`s sjt agdjsto{/ vrjljrrken ` ajrj 26 vjr cjet
djcrj`sj ke jaksskges tg 2626 r`tmjr tm`e tmj 36 vjr cjet `otjre`!
tk|j% @s tmj agdjst jaksskge rjdzctkges m`|j vrg|jd ojss cgsto{
tm`e j}vjctjd/ vrkcjs ge jaksskges m`|j vozaajtjd%
Tmj LGRJS tmkei t`ei ks tmjrjlgrj t`iken ezajrgzs kektk`!
tk|js tg j}vogrj `ed djb`tj mg~ tg kavrg|j jaksskges a`rijts ke
njejr`o `ed tmj JZ JTS ke v`rtkczo`r% ^j m`|j n`tmjrjd jaksskge
a`rijt j}vjrts ke ` rjljrjecj nrgzv `ed vzboksm rjvgrts ge tmj
j|goztkge ke dkjrjet a`rijts% Tmj ng`o ks tg brken gzt tmj b`skc
vrkeckvojs `ed lrga tmja djrk|j vr`ctkc`o sgoztkges%
Ke dgken sg LGRJS `sijd tmj mknmo{ sikoojd tj`a `t Cgvjem`!nje Jcgegakcs tg tmkei `bgzt ~m`t smgzod bj tmj vrkgrktkjs lgr `
Lgrj~grd
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}|k
lztzrj rjlgra gl tmj JZ JTS% Tmj b`cidrgv ks tmj rjcgrd og~ vrkcjs
ge tmj JZ JTS tm`t m`|j ojd tg lj`rs tm`t tmj Jzrgvj`e Coka`tj`nsmkv ks/ kl egt skeiken/ `t oj`st `bgzt tg ijjo g|jr% Tmj og~ vrkcj
cgzod `osg bj `rnzjd `s ` vrggl tm`t rjdzcken jaksskge ks cmj`vjr
tm`e j}vjctjd% Jktmjr ~`{/ kt sjjas j|kdjet tm`t tmjrj ks rgga lgr `
tknmtjr c`v%
Ke tmjkr stzd{ Cgvjem`nje Jcgegakcs m`|j a`dj `e kavgrt`et
vgket8 tm`t tmjsj og~ vrkcjs `rj egt cgav`tkboj ~ktm tmj ogen!tjra
jaksskge rjdzctkges ng`o gl tmj Jzrgvj`e Zekge% Nk|je tm`t jaks!
skge vjrakts c`e bj b`eijd/ s`|jd lgr o`tjr vjrkgds/ tmj `abk!
tkgzs lztzrj t`rnjts gl tmj JZ smgzod m`|j kedzcjd bzskejssjs tg
zsj tmj og~ vrkcjs ge jaksskges tg b`ei vjrakts a`ssk|jo{ tg cgvj
~ktm lztzrj stjjv jaksskges rjdzctkges% Vrkcjs smgzod tmje m`|j
rja`kejd ge ` rj`sge`bo{ mknm oj|jo% Tm`t tmks m`s egt m`vvjejd
ks ` skne tm`t tmjrj ks stkoo egt rj`o ogen!tjra cgedjecj ke tmj JZt`rnjts `ed tm`t ` agrj vrjcksj `ed sgokd v`tm tg~`rds rjdzctkges
bj{ged 2626 cgzod `ctz`oo{ bgostjr vrkcjs ge jaksskge vjrakts
eg~%
Cgvjem`nje Jcgegakcs m`|j `osg cgaj tg sgaj tmgznmt!
vrg|giken cgecozskges tm`t cm`oojenj sgaj gl tmj ~gri vrj|kgzso{
dgej b{ LGRJS/ tm`t c`oo lgr strkctjr c`vs/ ojss a`rijt a`ekvzo`!
tkge/ agrj `zctkgeken gl vjrakts `ed jstka`tj tm`t tmj rksi gl
c`rbge oj`i`nj ks r`tmjr a`rnke`o% Cgvjem`nje Jcgegakcs vzt
mknmjr javm`sks ge tmj rksi gl c`rbge oj`i`nj `ed c`oo lgr ` oj|jo
vo`{ken jod bjt~jje bzskejssjs ~ktm mknm jaksskges stjaaken
tmj vrgdzctkge vrgcjss `ed tmgsj ~ktm mknm jaksskges |k` tmj zsj
gl c`rbge ketjesk|j jojctrkckt{% Tmj `ztmgrs `rnzj tm`t kt ~gzod
bj ~grtm~mkoj/ ke v`rtkczo`r ke tmj oknmt gl kecozdken tr`esvgrts kejaksskge tr`dken/ tg gecj `n`ke gvje tmj dksczsskge ge ~mjtmjr
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}|kk
tmj jaksskge tr`dken ke Jzrgvj ~gzod bjejt lrga zsken ` sg
c`oojd zvstrj`a s{stja% Ke `e zvstrj`a s{stja/ kestj`d gl `s ketgd`{s dg~estrj`a s{stja ~mjrj skenoj cgav`ekjs ks gboknjd tg
vgssjss jaksskge `oog~`ecjs/ tmj dkstrkbztgrs gl cg`o/ gko `ed n`s
~gzod bj tmj `ctgrs tr`dken jaksskge rknmts ge tmj c`rbge a`r!
ijt% Tmj{ `osg dksczss sg!c`oojd cgoo`r ge tmj jaksskges vrkcj ~ktm
rjnzo`tjd ggrs `ed cjkokens% Szcm ksszjs `rj szrj tg bj djb`tjd `s
tmj JZ JTS vrjv`rjs lgr kts lztzrj vm`sjs%
LGRJS ~gzod okij tg tm`ei tmj `ztmgrs lgr tmjkr pz`okjd ~gri
`ed nggd cggvjr`tkge dzrken tmj vrgcjss oj`dken zv tg tmks rjvgrt%
^j ~gzod `osg okij tg j}tjed gzr tm`eis tg LGRJS j}vjrt nrgzv ge
c`rbge a`rijts/ ke v`rtkczo`r O`rs Xjttjrbjrn `t K\O ~mg vrg|kdjd
|`oz`boj cgaajets ge `e j`rokjr dr`lt% Nr`tktzdj `osg tg LGRJS
rjsj`rcm dkrjctgr Zorki` St`|ot/ lgr rj`dken `ed sm`rken |`oz`boj
tmgznmts ge j`rokjr dr`lt%
A`rtke d`mo/ dkrjctgr LGRJS
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}k}}k}
JZ8s ioka`tvgoktki njeganr lr er|`r`edj je irks% Trgts
|kss` lr`anen`r k Dzrb`e zedjr soztjt `| 2600 r ztskitjre` sa
`tt jtt rgbzst/ bked`edj gcm nogb`ot `|t`o ga akesieken`r `|
|}tmzsn`sjr sga tjrsvjno`r `abktkgejre` ga a`}ka`ot je 2!nr!
`dkn tjavjr`tzrieken igaajr tkoo sted% Djo|ks sga jtt rjszot`t
`| djtt` m`r |koh`e `tt sirv` JZ8s ztsovvsao lre ez|`r`edj 26
vrgcjet akesieken tkoo 36 vrgcjet |`rkt s|`n% \kd`rj m`r JZ8s dk!
rjitk| ga ao lr jejrnkjjitk|ksjrken gcm lre{b`r jejrnk {tt`t
lgizs lre akesiekensao lr |}tmzsn`sztsovvje%
Jtt gjr lr dje ioka`tvgoktksi` irksje k JZ r djt jzrgvjksi`
m`edjoss{stjajt JZ JTS% Djt sga `esjs |`r` JZ8s lrast` ajdjo
lr `tt akesi` |}tmzsn`sztsovvje r ez v |n `tt bok krrjoj|`et%
Vrksjre` v ztsovvsrttjre` m`r zedjr 2600 gcm 2602 igesji|jetojn`t zedjr 06/ |koijt sttjr lrnjtjcije irken ga djt r r`tkgejoot
`tt `e|ed` jtt s igavokcjr`t s{stja lr `tt si`v` rjo`tk|t bjnre!
s`dj keckt`ajet lr `tt akesi` |}tmzsn`sztsovv%
Djee` stzdkj t`r ztnensvzeit k t| `et`n`edje8 `tt JZ lgrt!
l`r`edj r `enjonjt ga `tt zvvl{oo` dj oenskitkn` aoje ga `tt
akesi` ztsovvje ajd :6!=6 vrgcjet halrt ajd 0;;6/ gcm `tt
a`rie`dskestrzajet sga si`v`r t{dokn` gcm jemjtokn` keckt`ajet
`tt akesi` ztsovvje |je k lgrtsttekenje si` |`r` je nrzedvjo`rj
k JZ8s ioka`tvgoktki gcm `tt JTS d m`r je cjetr`o rgoo `tt svjo`%
Ztklre djee` ztnensvzeit gcm zt`e `tt nj sije `| `tt nr`
je mjotci`edj zt|rdjrken `| s`atokn` `otjre`tk|/ lrjsor djee`
stzdkj trj gardje dr JTS i`e zt|jcio`s lr `tt {ttjrokn`rj lrbt!
tr` igste`dsjjitk|ktjtje k JZ8s ioka`tvgoktki%Lr djt lrst` s`ie`r JTS t{dokn` vrkeckvjr lr lr`atkd` ztsovv!
S`aa`el`tteken v s|jesi`
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}}
st`i% T`ijts ek| `|nr ztsovvsek|e gcm drajd gcis vrksjt
v ztsovvsrttjr% Ztklre |r s{e|keijo bjrgr djt on` vrksjtv ztsovvsrttjr lrast v t| s`aa`et`dj l`itgrjr% Dje
vnjedj jigegaksi` irksje m`r bkdr`nkt tkoo akesi`d jltjrlrn`e
v jejrnk/ |koijt si`v`t jtt |jrsigtt `| ztsovvsrttjr sga lrjt`n
i`e `e|ed` lr `tt tci` ske` ztsovv lr igaa`edj r% Drzt|jr
rdjr `oots je gsijrmjt irken aoje jltjr 2626%
Djtt` r vrgboja`tksit% Keckt`ajetje `tt akesi` ztsovvje
k jeoknmjt ajd JZ8s ao r k ezonjt lr on`/ |koijt keejbr `tt
tnrdjre` k lr stgr ztstrcieken sihzts v lr`atkdje k lrmoo`edj
tkoo |`d sga r igste`dsjjitk|t% Djt on` vrksjt gcm gsijrmjtje
irken lr`atkd` ztsovvst`i zedjrakejr`r v skit djt sga si` |`r`
jtt mz|zds`ioknt ao ajd JTS `tt si`v` keckt`ajet `tt zt|jcio`
gcm svrkd` igodkg}kdseo tjieki sga ir|s lr `tt io`r` dj oenski!
tkn` akesiekensaoje% Lr `tt m`etjr` djtt` vrgboja lrjsor |kenr` tnrdjr%
K s{eejrmjt `esjr |k `tt dje on` vrksek|e kega JTS -ztsovv!
srttjre`+ halrt ajd igodkg}kdvrksjt zt`elr JTS -si`ttjr
v bjeske/ dkjsjo/ e`tzrn`s a%a%+ r jtt st`rit `rnzajet lr `tt
sirv` ztsovvsaoje kega JTS% Djt sizooj izee` njegalr`s
zt`e `tt sei` dj tgt`o` ztsovvsaoje lr JZ% Drajd sizooj
igste`djre` lr `tt e aoje akesi`/ |koijt sizooj |oigae`s `|
ajdojast`tjre`% J}javjo|ks |ks`r je stzdkj lre \rodsb`eije
vgtjetkjoot stgr` lrdjo`r lr Vgoje ajd je sd`e galr{tteken `|
ztsovvsaoje%
JZ8s gcm djss ajdojast`tjrs tnrdjr lr `tt m`etjr` igodkg}!
kdoci`nj/ djt |koo sn` rksije lr `tt vrgdzitkge gcm ztsovv {tt`r
zt`elr JZ sga je lohd `| lrd ioka`tvgoktki/ r keigesji|jet`%\k `esjr `tt rksije lr igodkg}kdoci`nj r vt`nokn mgs jejrnk! gcm
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m`edjosketjesk| b`skedzstrk sga vrgdzcjr`r j}javjo|ks sto/
`ozakekza/ v`vvjr gcm v`vvjrsa`ss`% V dje nogb`o` a`rie`d drdj |jri`r i`e mnrj jejrnkvrksjr ketj lr`s |jr tkoo igeszajetje%
Kedzstrkjr ajd stgr jnje jovrgdzitkge igaajr `tt igavjesjr`s
ajd nr`tks tkoodjoeken | ztsovvsrttjr% Enge sd`e igavjes`!
tkge ztnr jajoojrtkd ketj tkoo dj jejrnk! gcm m`edjosketjesk|`
kedzstrkjr sga ivjr ske jo dkrjit lre joa`rie`dje% Djt `es|`rjt
l`oojr kstoojt v kedk|kdzjoo` ajdojasst`tjr%
JZ m`r e{oknje ckrizojr`t zti`st v rkitokehjr sga si` sijr!
stoo` `tt igavjes`tkgeje rkit`s rtt gcm ketj str m`edjo ajo!
o`e ajdojasst`tjr/ |koijt r og||rt% Drjagt `esjr |k `tt dj
ez|`r`edj rkitokehjre` dksirkakejr`r dj kedzstrkjr sga ivjr
kstoojt lr `tt vrgdzcjr` dje jo sga `e|eds |kd vrgdzitkgeje%
Djtt` i`e srsikot si`d` dje egrdksi` kedzstrke dr kedzstrkjr
sga ovjr rksi lr oci`nj r |jrrjvrjsjetjr`dj/ srsikot noojrdjt S|jrknj/ Egrnj gcm Lkeo`ed% Djss` kedzstrkjr r k je halrjosj
ajd ske` jzrgvjksi` igeizrrjetjr gcis tkoo strrj djo bjrgjedj `|
`tt iv` jo tkoo ske vrgdzitkge% Drlr lr dj lrjso`ne` rkitokehjre`
`esjs lrlrdjo` dj egrdksi` kedzstrkjr sga b`sjr`r sktt jejrnkbj!
mg| v jovrgdzitkge sga r rjo`tk|t rje gcm jjitk|% Djtt` r jtt
`enjonjt vrgboja sga bjm|jr tnrd`s kega igrt% Lr`a|jr br
ztsovvsrttjr sga igavjes`tkge lr igodkg}kdoci`njrksi jeoknt
strkit` irktjrkjr lrdjo`s tkoo kedzstrkjr sga vrgdzcjr`r s|o sga
`e|edjr jo%
Lr djt trjdhj esi`r |k k djee` r`vvgrt o{lt` je tjieksi lrn`
sga i`e s{e`s trk|k`o gcm sga ltt rjo`tk|t oktj zvvaris`amjt/
aje sga |k `esjr izee` bok |kitkn lr`a|jr% Lr er|`r`edj
`e|edjr skn JZ JTS `| jtt s i`oo`t ejdstrass{stja/ dr`es|`rjt `tt akesi` ztsovvje oknnjr v dja sga l`itksit sovvjr
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zt |}tmzsn`sje/ lr`alr `oot igodkg}kd% Aje sga jr` stzdkjr
kelr kertt`edjt `| JZ JTS |ks`dj/ s |grj jtt zvvstrass{stjadr `es|`rjt kstoojt l`oojr v dkstrkbztrjre` `| igo/ n`s gcm goh`/
bjt{doknt jeio`rj `tt `dakekstrjr`%
Igste`djre` lr `tt zvvl{oo` aoje gcm ahoknmjtje `tt |jr!
|`i` gcm |jrkjr` ztsovv igaajr bok e |kitkn`rj ga JTS zt|kd!
n`s tkoo `tt j}javjo|ks keejl`tt` |ntr`esvgrtjr/ engt sga glt`
|jr|nts% Lr `tt zedjrott` `dakekstr`tkgeje/ nr` djt jeio`rj
`tt zvvl{oo` aoje gcm lrbttr` lrztstteken`re` lr `tt zt|kdn`
JTS lrjsor |k drlr `tt lrn`e ga zvvstrass{stja lr je `edr`
cm`es k jtt rj|kdjr`t JTS jltjr 2626%
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Ketrgdzctkge `edJ}jcztk|j Szaa`r{
Tmj JZs coka`tj vgokckjs `rj vrjsjeto{ j}vjrkjecken ` rj`o crk!
sks% Djsvktj tmj vrgnrjss `cmkj|jd ke Dzrb`e ke Djcjabjr 2600/
tmjrj `rj okaktjd vrgsvjcts gl ra/ bkedken cgaaktajets ge `
nogb`o sc`oj tg cget`ke `ed rjdzcj nrjjemgzsj n`sjs -NMNs+ cge!
skstjet ~ktm tmj `ka gl okaktken tmj rksj gl tmj nogb`o tjavjr`!
tzrj tg tmj oj|jo `nrjjd ke Cgvjem`nje ke 266;% V`rto{ `s ` rjszot/tmj ~kookenejss gl tmj JZ tg stjv zv kts g~e aktkn`tkge vgokc{ tg
ag|j lrga ` 26 vjrcjet tg ` 36 vjrcjet rjdzctkge t`rnjt b{ 2626
cgedktkge`o ge `e ketjre`tkge`o `nrjjajet m`s mkt ` ~`oo% Agrjg!
|jr/ JZ vgokc{ kektk`tk|js szcm `s tmj JZ dkrjctk|js ge jejrn{ s`|!
kens `ed rjej~`boj jejrn{ t`rnjts m`|j tjedjd tg ag|j tmj lgczs
lrga NMN aktkn`tkge tg~`rds gtmjr ng`os%
Gej c`sz`ot{ gl tmj coka`tj vgokc{ crksks ks tmj JZs Jaksskge
Tr`dken S{stja -JTS+% Cgecjk|jd `s tmj vrkaj cgaage JZ
kestrzajet lgr rjdzcken NMN jaksskges/ kt ks eg~ ke d`enjr gl
bjcgaken krrjoj|`et% Tmj vrkcjs gl JTS `oog~`ecjs m`|j cgeskst!
jeto{ bjje bjog~ 06 vjr tge dzrken tmj cgzrsj gl 2600 `ed 2602/
pzjstkgeken tmj ognkc gl m`|ken szcm ` cgavoj} kestrzajet ke vo`cj
tg djok|jr szcm okaktjd jjcts ge kecjetk|js tg `b`tj NMN jaks!skges%
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Rjlgra gl tmj JZ JTS s{stja
Tmks stzd{ st`rts lrga t~g b`skc vrjaksjs8 rst/ tm`t tmj JZ ks
stkoo sjrkgzs `bgzt kts ogen!tjra cgaaktajets tg rjdzcken NMNsb{ :6=6 vjr cjet rjo`tk|j tg 0;;6 jaksskges9 sjcged/ tm`t a`rijt!
b`sjd kestrzajets vrg|kdken coj`r `ed zeklgra `b`tjajet
kecjetk|j `crgss tmj JZ ~koo rja`ke ` vkoo`r gl tmj JZs coka`tj
vgokckjs `ed tm`t tmj JTS m`s ` cjetr`o rgoj tg vo`{ ke tmks rjsvjct%
^ktm tmks vgket gl djv`rtzrj `ed ~ktmgzt `e{ vrjtjecj tg vrg!
|kdj ` cgavrjmjesk|j rj|kj~ gl `oo tmj JTS rjlgra gvtkges/ tmks
rj|kj~ sznnjsts tmrjj `rj`s ke ~mkcm tmj JTS cgzod bj kavrg|jd tg
jem`ecj tmj cgst!jjctk|jejss gl tmj JZs coka`tj vgokckjs%
Lkrst/ tmj JTS o`cis ` coj`r `ecmgr lgr sjttken lztzrj c`vs% Tmjsj
c`vs djtjrakej tmj j}tjet gl tmj jaksskge rjdzctkges% Ke tzre/
tmj strkenjec{ gl tmjsj c`vs djtjrakejs tmj vrkcj oj|jo gl `oog~!
`ecjs% ^j sjj tmj og~ oj|jo gl vrkcjs `s jssjetk`oo{ rjszotken lrga
t~g rjo`tjd l`ctgrs% Tmj vrjsjet jcgegakc crksks m`s og~jrjd tmjdja`ed lgr jejrn{/ crj`tken ` szrvozs gl `oog~`ecjs tm`t c`e bj
zsjd lgr cgavok`ecj ke tmj {j`rs tg cgaj% Tmks/ cgabkejd ~ktm
tmj zecjrt`ket{ `bgzt tmj strkenjec{ gl t`rnjts bj{ged 2626/ m`s
vzsmjd tmj `oog~`ecj vrkcjs dg~e~`rds%
^j ed tmks vrgboja`tkc% Tmj kecjetk|js lgr `b`tjajet `rj
`rnz`bo{ eg~ tgg og~ nk|je tmj JZs ogen!tjra aktkn`tkge t`r!
njts/ vzsmken jgrts tgg azcm ketg tmj lztzrj rjo`tk|j tg ~m`t ks
cgst!jjctk|j% Ke tzre/ tmj og~ vrkcj `ed zecjrt`ket{ `bgzt lztzrj
c`v oj|jos `ed tmj JZs cgaaktajet tg tmj st`tjd t`rnjts zedjr!
akej ke|jstgr cgedjecj `ed mjecj `osg tmj b`skc gbhjctk|j gl tmj
JTS8 tg vrg|kdj kecjetk|js tg djvog{ `ed dj|jogv tmj og~!c`rbge
tjcmegognkjs ejjdjd tg ajjt tmj ogen!tjra aktkn`tkge t`rnjts% j
vrgvgsj sgaj gvtkges tg dj`o ~ktm tmks vrgboja%^j `rnzj ke v`rtkczo`r tm`t tmj |jr{ og~ oj|jo gl c`rbge vrkcken
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Ketrgdzctkge `ed J}jcztk|j Szaa`r{
3
ke tmj JTS sjctgr -tmj vrkcj gl JTS `oog~`ecjs+ cgav`rjd ~ktm
tmj c`rbge vrkcjs gztskdj -tmj j}cksj dztkjs ge n`sgokej/ dkjsjo/e`tzr`o n`s/ jtc%+ vrg|kdjs ` |jr{ strgen `rnzajet lgr mknmjr
aktkn`tkge t`rnjts lgr tmj JTS sjctgr% Szcm ` ag|j cgzod bj t`ije
~ktmgzt `kaken lgr mknmjr g|jr`oo NMN rjdzctkge t`rnjts lgr tmj
JZ% Rjdzcken tmj cgsts gl ajjtken tmj `orj`d{!`nrjjd t`rnjts
smgzod bj ~jocgajd b{ `oo tmj JZ cgzetrkjs9 ` ^grod B`ei stzd{
ge Vgo`ed sznnjsts skxj`boj vgtjetk`o n`kes lrga szcm ` ag|j lgr
tmks cgzetr{%
Sjcged/ tmj JZs `ed tmj ajabjr st`tjs aj`szrjs tg dj`o ~ktm
c`rbge oj`i`nj szjr lrga ` szbst`etk`o oj|jo gl kecgeskstjec{% ^j
`rnzj rst tm`t lgr jejrn{! `ed tr`dj!ketjesk|j kedzstrkjs vrgdzc!
ken b`skc kedzstrk`o cgaagdktkjs szcm `s stjjo/ `ozakekza/ v`vjr
`ed vzov vrgdzcts/ c`rbge oj`i`nj ks ` sjrkgzs ksszj% Mknmjr jejrn{
cgsts c`eegt bj v`ssjd ge tg czstgajrs ke tmj nogb`o a`rijts ke~mkcm tmj{ gvjr`tj% Agrjg|jr/ ~mkoj szcm kedzstrkjs ~ktm szbst`e!
tk`o g~e jejrn{ vrgdzctkge ~koo bj vrg|kdjd ~ktm cgeskdjr`boj
cgavjes`tkge b{ ~`{ gl lrjj `oog~`ecjs/ eg szcm `ztga`tkc cga!
vjes`tkge ks vrg|kdjd tg jejrn{! `ed tr`dj!j}vgsjd ras tm`t bz{
jojctrkckt{ lrga vg~jr a`rijts% Tm`t ~koo bj tmj t`si gl ajabjr
st`tjs b{ ~`{ gl kestrzajets e`ecjd g|jr tmj e`tkge`o bzdnjts%
Tmj JZ m`s rjcjeto{ ckrczo`tjd dr`lt nzkdjokejs tg jeszrj tm`t
`kd ks t`rnjtjd `ed dgjs egt dkstgrt tr`dj bjt~jje ajabjr st`tjs8
tm`t ks cgaajed`boj% Mg~j|jr/ ~j ed tm`t tmj vrgvgsjd nzkdj!
okejs sjrkgzso{ dkscrkake`tj `n`kest ras bz{ken jojctrkckt{ r`tmjr
tm`e vrgdzcken tmjkr g~e jejrn{ lgr vrgdzctkge vzrvgsjs%
Tmks bk`s a`{ mzrt Egrdkc kedzstrkjs% Kedjjd/ szcm kedzstrkjs
`t rksi gl oj`i`nj `rj g|jrrjvrjsjetjd ke tmj vrgdzctkge ak} glEgrdkc cgzetrkjs/ v`rtkczo`ro{ ke S~jdje/ Egr~`{ `ed Lkeo`ed%
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Rjlgra gl tmj JZ JTS s{stja
Agrjg|jr/ tmjsj kedzstrkjs `rj tg ` o`rnjr j}tjet tm`e tmjkr cga!
vjtktgrs ke gtmjr JZ cgzetrkjs rjok`et ge vzrcm`sken jojctrkckt{ lgrtmjkr vrgdzctkge% Sg/ tmj vrgvgsjd nzkdjokejs dkscrkake`tj `n`kest
Egrdkc ras b`sken tmjkr jejrn{ ejjds lgr coj`e `ed jckjet
jejrn{ vrgdzctkge% Tmks ks `e zrnjet smgrt!tjra ksszj tm`t ejjds
tg bj `ddrjssjd% Lgr tmj lztzrj/ ~j sznnjst tm`t tmj s{stja gl vrg!
|kdken lrjj `oog~`ecjs smgzod `vvo{ jpz`oo{ tg jejrn{!vrgdzcken
`ed jojctrkckt{!zsken kedzstrkjs b`sjd ge cgaage `ed strkenjet
crktjrk` rjn`rdken tmj rksi gl oj`i`nj%
Tmkrd/ ~j ~gzod okij tg r`ksj ` agrj tjcmekc`o vgket tm`t a`{
sjja trk|k`o/ `ed m`s rjcjk|jd rjo`tk|jo{ okaktjd vgokc{ ketjrjst/
bzt tm`t ~j ed vgtjetk`oo{ kavgrt`et% @t vrjsjet/ tmj JZ c`v!
`ed!tr`dj s{stja ks gvjr`tjd `s ` sg!c`oojd dg~estrj`a s{stja ke
~mkcm tmj gbokn`tkge tg rjdzcj jaksskges ks vo`cjd ge tmj `ctz`o
jakttjrs gl NMNs/ a`keo{ CG2% Ke l`ct/ `s rjjctjd ke tmj stzdkjsvrkgr tg tmj jst`boksmajet gl tmj JTS s{stja/ zvstrj`a s{stjas
ke ~mkcm tmj gbokn`tkge kestj`d l`oos ge tmj dkstrkbztgrs gl cg`o/ n`s
`ed gko ~gzod bj l`r j`skjr tg rze `ed ojss szbhjct tg j|`skge%
Tmj ksszj gl cgavok`ecj cgsts `ed tmj `bkokt{ tg agektgr `ed
|jrkl{ jaksskges ~koo bj j|je agrj kavgrt`et kl tmj scgvj gl tmj
JTS ks j}tjedjd lgr j}`avoj tg rg`d tr`esvgrt`tkge/ ~mkcm m`s
bjje cgeskdjrjd sj|jr`o tkajs% Sg/ ~j sznnjst lgr rj`sges gl
`dakekstr`tk|j skavokckt{/ jjctk|j cgavok`ecj ed tmj kavrg|j!
ajet gl tmj vgsskbkoktkjs lgr j}tjedken tmj scgvj gl tmj JTS tm`t
tmj zvstrj`a s{stja rjcjk|js ` sjcged cm`ecj ke ` rj|ksjd vgst!
2626 JTS%
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@ cjetr`o `ka gl tmj JTS ks tg vrg|kdj coj`r `ed zeklgra a`rijt
skne`os tg cgeszajrs `ed jetjrvrksjs ~ktmke tmj JZ tm`t jecgzr!`nj tmja tg smklt dja`ed `~`{ lrga CG2!ketjesk|j vrgdzcts/ sjr!
|kcjs `ed tjcmegognkjs% Ke gzr |kj~/ ` brg`d!b`sjd a`rijt kestrz!
ajet szcm `s tmj JTS ks kedksvjes`boj tg rjdzcj NMNs ke okej ~ktm
tmj JZs ogenjr!tjra gbhjctk|js%
Mg~j|jr/ kt stkoo ejjds ` strgen ajdkza! tg ogen!tjra `ecmgr
tg nzkdj ke|jstgrs j}vjct`tkges rjn`rdken mg~ tmj lztzrj JTS
s{stja ~koo j|go|j8 tmks ks vrkeckv`oo{ ` pzjstkge gl tmj rjdzctkge
v`tm `ed kts kav`ct ge tmj vrkcjs gl `oog~`ecjs% Tg ketrgdzcj
tmks djb`tj/ ~j rst djscrkbj tmj vrjsjet lzectkgeken gl tmj JTS
s{stja/ lgczsken ge tmj vrgcjss lgr sjttken tmj g|jr`oo c`v ge jaks!
skges%
@ St`boj JTS S{stja~ktm ` Ogen!TjraMgrkxge
Cm`vtjr 0
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Rjlgra gl tmj JZ JTS s{stja
Tmj vzrvgsj `ed tmj lzectkgeken
gl tmj JTS s{stja
Tmj JZ Jaksskges Tr`dken S{stja -JTS+ ks ` cgaage JZ!~kdj
a`rijt lgr jaksskge `oog~`ecjs/ ke ~mkcm tmj cgav`ekjs gl `oo
tmj ajabjr st`tjs c`e v`rtkckv`tj `ed tmj cgst gl nrjjemgzsj n`s
jaksskges lgr tmgsj cgav`ekjs ks djtjrakejd%
Tmj a`ke vzrvgsj gl tmj s{stja ks tg `tt`ke jaksskge rjdzc!
tkge t`rnjts ke ` cgst!jckjet ~`{% Tmj JZ m`s sjt ` t`rnjt gl 26
vjr cjet NMN `b`tjajet ke 2626 cgav`rjd ~ktm tmj 0;;6 oj|jo
gl jaksskges% B`skc`oo{/ tmks t`rnjt cgzod bj rj`cmjd ~ktmke j`cm
cgzetr{ zsken geo{ e`tkge`o aj`es/ kavo{ken tm`t j|jr{ cgzetr{
~gzod rjdzcj tmj jaksskges lrga jakttjrs ~ktmke kts g~e bgrdjrs
b{ 26 vjr cjet% Mg~j|jr/ tmrgznm tmj JTS/ tmj JZ c`e rj`cm tmks
t`rnjt ~ktmgzt m`|ken tg dkstkenzksm bjt~jje tmj e`tkge`o `ok`!tkges gl jakttjrs% Tmj a`ke `d|`et`nj gl `oog~ken tr`dj ke NMN
jaksskge `oog~`ecjs ks tm`t tmj `b`tjajet ~koo t`ij vo`cj ~mjrj kt
ks oj`st cgsto{% Mjecj/ tmj JZ `s ` ~mgoj c`e `cmkj|j tmj `b`tjajet
t`rnjt lgr tmj sjctgrs cg|jrjd b{ tmj JTS `t ` azcm og~jr cgst tm`e
kl tmj t`rnjt ~`s tg bj rj`cmjd e`tkge`oo{ ~ktmke j`cm cgzetr{%
Ke jcgegakc`o tjras/ tmj JTS rjdzcjs tmj `b`tjajet cgst
tmrgznm j}vgsken jetjrvrksjs cg|jrjd b{ tmj JTS tg tmjs`aj
a`rnke`o cgsts gl jakttkennrjjemgzsj n`sjs% ^ktm ` cgaage
a`rijt lgr tmj `b`tjajet gl NMNs/ tmj cgav`ekjs ~ktm tmj mknm!
jst `b`tjajet cgsts `rj j}vjctjd tg m`|j tmj mknmjst ~kookenejss
tg v`{ -^TV+ lgr tmj rknmt tg jakt% ^j a`{ tmzs j}vjct tm`t tmj
a`rijt ~koo `oogc`tj jaksskge rknmts `ccgrdken tg tmj mknmjst ^TV/
tmjrjlgrj tmj jetktkjs ~ktm tmj og~jst `b`tjajet cgsts ~koo cmggsjtg `b`tj r`tmjr tm`e jakt%
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@ St`boj JTS S{stja ~ktm ` Ogen!Tjra Mgrkxge
Tmj cmgkcj gl ~mjtmjr gr egt tg `b`tj ks a`dj b{ gbsjr|ken tmj
a`rijt vrkcj gl `oog~`ecjs% Tmj a`rijt vrg|kdjs ` vrkcj lgr jaks!skge `oog~`ecjs/ ~mkcm ks zsjd `s kevzt b{ tmj jetktkjs cgeskdjrken
~mjtmjr gr egt tg jakt%
Tmj vrkcj gl tmj `oog~`ecj djvjeds ge tmj ezabjr gl `oog~!
`ecjs `|`ko`boj% @ mknm ezabjr gl `oog~`ecjs ~koo rjszot ke ` og~
c`rbge vrkcj `ed ` og~ ezabjr gl `oog~`ecjs ~koo rjszot ke ` mknm
c`rbge vrkcj%
Ke grdjr tg `tt`ke og~ `b`tjajet cgsts/ gvjr`tgrs c`e n`ke
crjdkts lgr aktkn`tkge vrghjcts c`rrkjd gzt gztskdj tmj JZ% Tmj
a`ke ajcm`eksa ks tmj sg!c`oojd Coj`e Dj|jogvajet Ajcm`eksa
-CDA+% Gecj ` vrghjct m`s bjje |jrkjd `s djok|jrken `ddktkge`o
aktkn`tkge rjo`tk|j tg ` djejd b`sjokej/ tmj vrghjct ks `oog~jd tg
vrgdzcj `oog~`ecjs tm`t c`e bj zsjd tg gsjt tmj rjpzkrjd rjdzc!
tkges% Tmks ~koo kecrj`sj tmj tgt`o `agzet gl `oog~`ecjs `ed og~jrtmj vrkcj% Tmjrj ks `e g|jr`oo c`v ge tmj `agzet gl `oog~`ecjs tm`t
c`e bj njejr`tjd tmrgznm tmj CDA ajcm`eksa%
Ezabjr g `oog~`ecjs8 tmj c`vTmj JZ JTS ks ` c`v!`ed!tr`dj scmjaj/ tmj c`v bjken tmj tgt`o
ezabjr gl `oog~`ecjs -`osg o`bjoojd JZ@+ ke tmj s{stja ke j`cm
tr`dken vjrkgd -vm`sj K8 266:266>/ vm`sj KK8 266=2602/ vm`sj
KKK8 26032626+% Tmj pz`etktkjs `oogc`tjd ke tmj rst t~g vm`sjs
~jrj djckdjd b{ tmj ajabjr st`tjs tmjasjo|js `ed st`tjd ke tmj
E`tkge`o @ctkge Vo`e gl j`cm ajabjr st`tj% Jssjetk`oo{/ tmks ka!
vokjd tm`t j`cm ajabjr st`tj cgzod djckdj lgr ktsjol tmj `agzet gl
aktkn`tkge tg t`ij vo`cj keskdj `ed gztskdj tmj JTS sjctgr% Cgesj!
pzjeto{/ tmj g|jr`oo c`v ke tmj JTS rjszotjd lrga tmjsj kedk|kdz`oe`tkge`o djckskges%
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Rjlgra gl tmj JZ JTS s{stja
Lrga 2603 ge~`rds/ tmjrj ~koo bj ` skenoj c`v ge tmj ezabjr gl
`oog~`ecjs lgr tmj ~mgoj JZ -tgv dg~e+/ kestj`d gl e`tkge`o `oog!c`tkge vo`es `s ke 266:02 -bgttga zv+% Tmj ezabjr gl `oog~`ecjs
~koo bj djejd ke szcm ~`{ tm`t tmjrj ~koo bj okej`r rjdzctkge ke
tmj ezabjr gl `oog~`ecjs gl 0%>4 vjr cjet j`cm {j`r cgav`rjd ~ktm
tmj `eez`o `|jr`nj gl tmj 266=2602 `oogc`tkges% Tmj ezabjr ~koo
`osg bj `dhzstjd tg t`ij `ccgzet gl/ lgr j}`avoj/ tmj ~kdjr cg|jr!
`nj gl tmj JTS lrga 2603% Tmj ~kdjeken gl tmj s{stja kecozdjs tmj
jaksskges lrga `|k`tkge vozs sgaj -ege!CG2+ NMNs lrga kedzs!
trk`o vrgcjssjs%0 Ke vrkeckvoj/ tmks rjdzctkge ks tg bj cgetkezjd vgst!
2626/ bzt tmjrj ks eg coj`r ojn`o cgaaktajet tg dg sg%
Stgr`nj g `oog~`ecjsTmks lj`tzrj gl tmj JTS ks kavgrt`et v`rtkczo`ro{ ke tjras gl tmj
jcgegakc`oo{ jckjet `b`tjajet gl CG2% Tmks ks bjc`zsj tmj vgs!skbkokt{ tg stgrj `oog~`ecjs `oog~s cgav`ekjs tg ztkoksj tmj `o!
og~`ecjs `t tkajs ~mje tmj ztkoks`tkge crj`tjs tmj mknmjst |`ozj/
bgtm lgr tmj cgav`e{ `ed lgr tmj sgckjt{% T`ij ` cg`o!rjd vg~jr
st`tkge `s `e j}`avoj% Cg`o `ed `oog~`ecjs `rj cgavojajet`!
r{ kevzts tg tmj njejr`tkge gl vg~jr% @sszaj tm`t cg`o ks ` sc`rcj
rjsgzrcj% Tmzs/ tmj njejr`tgr ~gzod m`|j tg djckdj ~mjtmjr tg
njejr`tj vg~jr `t tkaj t gr stgrj tmj cg`o tg njejr`tj vg~jr `t
tkaj t)0% Kl geo{ cg`o ks `oog~jd tg bj stgrjd `ed egt tmj `oog~`ecjs/
tmks aknmt crj`tj ege!gvtka`o djckskges ke tjras gl vg~jr njejr`!
tkge%
Bjt~jje Vm`sj KK `ed Vm`sj KKK ke tmj JZ JTS/ tmj rzojs vjrakt
`oog~`ecjs tg bj stgrjd gr b`eijd2 lgr zsj ke lztzrj vm`sjs gl
0% Jzrgvj`e Cgaaksskge/ mttv8''jc%jzrgv`%jz'coka`'vgokckjs'tr`esvgrt'`|k`tkge'kedj}Wje%mta%2% Tmj stgr`nj gl `oog~`ecjs bjt~jje tr`dken vjrkgds ke tmj JZ JTS ks c`oojd b`eiken% Kt dgjs egt dkjrlzed`ajet`oo{ lrga stgr`nj/ bzt tmj tjra b`eiken ks j}vokckto{ zsjd ~mj e t`oiken bgzt tmj stgr`nj gl oog~`e
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@ St`boj JTS S{stja ~ktm ` Ogen!Tjra Mgrkxge
tr`dken/ k%j% zeokaktjd b`eiken gl `oog~`ecjs bjt~jje tmj vjrkgds
266=02 `ed 260326 `ed lztzrj vjrkgds% ^ktmke Vm`sj KKK/ `oog~!`ecjs ksszjd lrga 0 H`ez`r{ 2603 ge~`rds `rj |`okd lgr jaksskges
zetko 2626%
Tmj kavgrt`ecj gl ` ogen!tjra!grkjetjd `ed st`boj JTS ke rj`cmken
vgokc{ t`rnjtsLgr tmj JZ tg ajjt tmj jaksskge rjdzctkge t`rnjts `ed tmj gbhjc!
tk|js sjt gzt ke tmj rg`da`v lgr ag|ken tg ` cgavjtktk|j og~!c`r!
bge jcgega{ ke 26:6/ og~!c`rbge tjcmegognkjs ejjd tg bj dj!
vog{jd ke tmj a`rijt%
Tg stkazo`tj keeg|`tkge ke szcm tjcmegognkjs `ed tg rjdzcj
jaksskges/ c`rbge vrkcken ks njejr`oo{ sjje `s `e jckjet kestrz!ajet% Tmj JZ tmjrjlgrj rjcgneksjs tm`t tmj JZ JTS ~koo vo`{ `e
kavgrt`et rgoj ke rj`cmken tmj rjdzctkge t`rnjts% Tmj JZ m`s cmg!
sje ` c`v!`ed!tr`dj s{stja9 `otjre`tk|jo{/ ` c`rbge t`} cgzod m`|j
bjje cmgsje/ ~mkcm ~gzod jssjetk`oo{ djok|jr tmj s`aj gbhjctk|js%3
@ szckjeto{ mknm c`rbge vrkcj tg drk|j rjdzctkges ke jaksskges
`ed jecgzr`nj og~!c`rbge ke|jstajet djckskges cgzod bj jeszrjd
tmrgznm tmj JTS% Ke kts rg`da`v `e`o{sks/ tmj Cgaaksskge m`s
vrghjctjd tm`t tmj c`rbge vrkcjs ~koo ejjd tg kecrj`sj nr`dz`oo{ tg
rj`cm 0663>6 vjr tge gl CG2 b{ 26:6/ kl tmj JZ ks tg bj `boj tg
ajjt tmj t`rnjts -sjj% Lknzrj 0+%4
3% @v`rt lrga tmj l`ct tm`t tmj rjpzkrjajet gl ze`ekakt{ lgr JZ t`} o`~ JTS ojnkso`tkge rjpzkrjs geo{ ` pz`okjda`hgrkt{ jjctk|jo{ vrj|jets tmj JZ lrga rzeeken t`}!b`sjd aktkn`tkge vgokc{% Tmj vrjsjet trgzbojs ke rj`cmken`nrjjajet bjmked rjo`tk|jo{ agdjst ttjavt tg strj`aokej tmj JZs jejrn{ t`}js rj ` c`sj ke vgket%
4% Tmj ~kdj vrkcj r`enj ks j}vo`kejd b{ tmj dkjrjecjs ke vrkcj oj|jos ejjdjd zedjr dkjrjet ckrczast`ecjs%C`rbge vrkcjs ~gzod bj mknmjst kl keeg|`tkge ke cjrt`ke tjcmegognkjs st`oojd gr coka`tj ctkge ~`s djo`{jd% C`rbgevrkcjs ~gzod bj og~jst kl lgssko lzjo vrkcjs ~jrj mknm%
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Rjlgra gl tmj JZ JTS s{stja
Tmj rksj ke vrkcjs ks drk|je b{ ` skavoj l`ct8 tmj dkjrjecj bjt~jje
tmj stj`d{ kecrj`sj ke b`sjokej jaksskges ~ktm eg JTS gr jpzk|`!
ojet kestrzajet `ed tmj c`v ge jaksskges cgeskstjet ~ktm ` stj`d{
djcokej ke jaksskges ~koo rksj g|jr tkaj% Tmj azcm nrj`tjr ejjd tg
`b`tj `t tmj jed gl tmj vjrkgd kavokjs tm`t aktkn`tken jgrts rjo{!
ken ge jejrn{ s`|kens `ogej ~gzod bjcgaj jegragzso{ cgsto{ ke
tjras gl ` a`ssk|j rjdzctkge ke ok|ken st`ed`rds% Tmj n`kes tg sgck!
jt{ lrga keeg|`tkges ke ej~ og~!c`rbge sgoztkges `rj mjecj azcm
mknmjr ke 26:6 tm`e ke 2626/ skecj tmj rjpzkrjd jaksskge rjdzc!
tkges rjo`tk|j tg tmj b`sjokej jaksskges `rj sg azcm mknmjr%
Mg~j|jr/ tmj vrjsjet JTS vrkcjs `rj l`r bjog~ ~m`t ks jstka`tjdtg bj rjpzkrjd tg `cmkj|j tmj JZs ogenjr!tjra t`rnjts% Lrga `
466
3:6
366
2:6
266
0:6
066
:6
6
2626 262: 2636 2646 26:6
JTS `oog~`ecj/ okej`r rj dzctkge gl 0%>4* vjr {j`r
Lknzrj 0% Okei bjt~jje aktkn`tkge t`rnjts `edc`rbge vrkcjs/ 2626 tg 26:6
C`rbge vrkcj vjr tgeej CG / Ezabjrs gl oog~`ecjs/ akookge
2666
0=66
0
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@ St`boj JTS S{stja ~ktm ` Ogen!Tjra Mgrkxge
oj|jo gl 2: tg 36 lrga 266: tg 266>/ kt ljoo tg `rgzed 0: lrga 266>
tg 2606 `ed m`s skecj tzabojd bjog~ 06 -sjj Lknzrj 2+% Tmks m`strknnjrjd t~g pzjstkges ke tmj j}tjesk|j oktjr`tzrj ge tmj lzectkge!
ken gl tmj JTS/ bgtm gl ~mkcm `rj okeijd tg tmj ogenjr!tjra crjd!
kbkokt{ gl tmj JTS s{stja `ed kts jjct ge tmj ke|jstajet coka`tj8
Ks tmj vrjsjet og~ vrkcj cgeskstjet ~ktm tmj ogenjr!tjra
gbhjctk|js/ k%j% `rj ~j j}cm`enken og~!cgst jaksskges
eg~ lgr mknmjr!cgst jaksskges o`tjr7
Ks tmj |go`tkokt{ `ed zecjrt`ket{ `ssgck`tjd ~ktm lztzrj
JTS vrkcjs `e kedjvjedjet sgzrcj gl cgsts bjc`zsj
ke|jstgrs ~koo rjpzkrj ` szbst`etk`o rksi vrjakza tg
ke|jst ke og~!c`rbge tjcmegogn{7
Sgzrcj8 JC] -mttv8''~~~%jc}%jz+%
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Rjlgra gl tmj JZ JTS s{stja
Tmj ogen!tjra crjdkbkokt{ vrgboja `ed
tmj ke|jstajet coka`tjRj`cmken tmj 2626 t`rnjts/ `ed j|je agrj sg tmj 26:6 t`rnjts/ ~koo
rjpzkrj ` a`ssk|j smklt ke tmj ke|jstajet rjnkaj lgr vg~jr njejr`!
tkge/ ke v`rtkczo`r tmgsj sgzrcjs czrrjeto{ o`rnjo{ djvjedjet ge
szvvgrt scmjajs% G|jr`oo ke|jstajets ke ~kedakoos/ bkga`ss ke!
st`oo`tkges/ c`rbge!c`vtzrj `ed stgr`nj `ed vgsskboj `tgakc vg~jr
`rj tg bj r`avjd zv `s ` o`rnj ezabjr gl cg`o `ed n`s b`sjs kest`o!
o`tkges `rj bjcgaken tgg god `ed kejckjet% Tmj JZ Cgaaksskge
m`s jstka`tjd tm`t Jzrgvj ~koo m`|j tg dgzboj tmj c`vkt`o ke|jst!
ajet oj|jo lrga tmj czrrjet oj|jo gl `bgzt 3: be vjr {j`r tg `bgzt
>6 be vjr {j`r ke grdjr ajjt tmj 2626 t`rnjt%: Tmj bzoi gl tmjsj
ke|jstajets ~koo m`|j tg bj ke rjej~`boj jejrn{ kl tmj JZ `ed e`!
tkge`o t`rnjts lgr rjej~`boj jejrn{ `rj tg bj ajt%
Ke grdjr tg `cmkj|j ` szbst`etk`o bzkod!zv gl rjej~`boj jejrn{/tmj rjpzkrjd e`ecken c`e eg ogenjr vrka`rko{ cgaj lrga jejrn{
cgav`ekjs% Tmjkr b`o`ecj smjjts ~koo egt tgojr`tj tmj rksis lrga
szcm ` a`ssk|j kecrj`sj ke ke|jstajets/ o`rnjo{ drk|je b{ vgokc{!
djvjedjet rjazejr`tkge -JTS vozs szvvgrt scmjajs+% Tmj ej~
ke|jstgrs ejjdjd ge tmj a`rijt/ `t oj`st kestktztkge`o ke|jstgrs/
~koo tg ` |jr{ o`rnj j}tjet b`sj tmjkr ke|jstajet djckskges ge m`rd!
cgrj rksi `ed rjtzre cgeskdjr`tkges% Tmj o`rnjr tmj sm`rj gl jejrn{
ke|jstajet ke tmj vgrtlgokg gl e`eck`o ke|jstgrs/ tmj agrj c`rj!
lzoo{ tmj{ ~koo rj|kj~ tmj ke|jstajet rksis/ kecozdken vgokc{!drk|je
rksis% @s ogen `s rjej~`boj jejrn{ ke|jstajets `rj egt cgavjtk!
tk|j ~ktmgzt vzbokc szvvgrt scmjajs/ tmj vjrcjk|jd vgokc{ rksi ~koo
bj szbst`etk`o% Zetko eg~/ ke|jstajets b{ vzbokc a`rijt e`eck`o
ke|jstgrs `ed |jetzrj c`vkt`o ke|jstgrs m`|j bjje rjo`tk|jo{ og~%:% Jzrgvj`e Cgaaksskge -2600`+%
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@ St`boj JTS S{stja ~ktm ` Ogen!Tjra Mgrkxge
@ nggd vgokc{ djskne cgzod aktkn`tj tmj vjrcjk|jd vgokc{ rksis `ed
kecrj`sj tmj vgtjetk`o lgr tmks iked gl ke|jstgr%@ crjdkboj ogen!tjra vgokc{ lgr tmj JTS ~gzod `osg mjov tg
rjdzcj tmj |go`tkokt{ gl tmj c`rbge vrkcj% St`boj `ed vrjdkct`boj
vrkcjs ~gzod sknekc`eto{ aktkn`tj tmj rksi lgr ke|jstgrs% ^mje
cgav`ekjs cgedzct cgstbjejt `e`o{sjs gl |`rkgzs rjsj`rcm vrg!
hjcts/ tmj{ azst `osg kecozdj tmj rksi tm`t vgooztkge vrkcjs `rj egt
vrjdkct`boj ke tmj lztzrj%< Skecj a`e{ rjsj`rcm vrghjcts ke nrjje
tjcmegognkjs c`e ag|j lrga tmj nrjje tg tmj rjd xgej ~ktm sa`oo
|`rk`tkges ke/ s`{/ jaksskge vrkcjs/ kt ks j}trjajo{ kavgrt`et lgr tmj
ogen!tjra c`rbge vrkcj tg bj st`boj `ed vrjdkct`boj%
Tmj oktjr`tzrj m`s rjcgneksjd tm`t kt ks tmj j}vjct`tkges gl
lztzrj vgokckjs tm`t agtk|`tj R,D%> Kedjjd/ tmj oktjr`tzrj javm`!
sksjs tmj `eegzecjajet jjct gl crjdkboj/ lztzrj c`rbge okakts%=
Ke tmj c`sj gl jaksskges vrkcjs/ stzdkjs vgket tg tmj o`rnj`agzet gl zecjrt`ket{ `ssgck`tjd ~ktm lztzrj cgaaktajets `ed
tmj `oogc`tkge gl `oog~`ecjs%; Tmj oktjr`tzrj sznnjsts tm`t mknm |go!
`tkokt{ gl CG2 vrkcjs cgeskdjr`bo{ rjdzcjs tmj ~kookenejss tg a`ij
j`ro{ ke|jstajets ke og~!c`rbge vg~jr njejr`tkge `ed c`rbge `ed
c`vtzrj stgr`nj -CCS+ tjcmegognkjs%06 Szcm |go`tkokt{ sknekc`eto{
kecrj`sjs tmj ke|jstajet rksi `ed cgst gl c`vkt`o/ a`iken kt vrgt!
`boj tg vgstvgej ke|jstajets% Tmks kavokjs tm`t CG2 vrkcj |go`tko!
kt{ a`{ m`avjr tmj ke|jstajets tm`t coka`tj vgokc{ ks `ttjavtken
tg jecgzr`nj% Zecjrt`ket{ ke tmj coka`tj vgokc{ cgetrkbztjs tg
|go`tkoj CG2 vrkcjs/ `ed tmjrjlgrj ogen!tjra vgokc{ cjrt`ket{ ks
|kt`o tg akekaksj tmj ke|jstajet rksis ke og~!c`rbge tjcmegognkjs%
2+/ Agetngajr{ ed Saktm -266>+%;% DJLR@ -266=+%06% Bo{tm jt `o -266>+/ Cjojbk `ed Nr`|js -266;+/ ^jbjr `ed S~kdjr -2664+%
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@ St`boj JTS S{stja ~ktm ` Ogen!Tjra Mgrkxge
vozs gtmjr l`ctgrs -szcm `s strzctzr`o g|jr `oogc`tkge
`ed l`kozrj tg t`ij ketg `ccgzet jaksskge rjdzctkgeslrga gtmjr JZ vgokckjs00/ m`s rjszotjd ke azcm og~jr
vrkcjs lgr tmj JTS tm`e j}vjctjd ke 266;/ ~mje tmj
jejrn{ `ed coka`tj v`ci`nj ~`s `dgvtjd% Ke l`ct/ ke j`ro{
266=/ tmj vrkcj t`n lgr rj`cmken tmj 26 vjr cjet rjdzc!
tkge t`rnjt ~`s jstka`tjd `s >6 bkookge% Tgd`{/ tmj JZ
cgzod ag|j agrj tm`e m`ol~`{ tg~`rds ` 36 vjr cjet
t`rnjt lgr tmks `agzet%02 Tmj rjv`r`tkge rgztj ~gzod t`ij
gzt `e `cczazo`tjd 2> vjr cjet gl tmj tgt`o `agzet gl
`oog~`ecjs g|jr tmj ej}t t~g djc`djs `ed oj`d tg mknmjr
JTS `oog~`ecj vrkcjs% Tmks a`{ kecrj`sj tmj JTS vrkcjs
ke 2626 lrga 0> tg 36 vjr tge `ccgrdken tg JZ Cga!
aksskge jstka`tjs%03
Gvtkge C ks ` agrj `abktkgzs rgztj ~mjrjb{ tmj 36 vjr
cjet t`rnjt lgr 2626 ks cgabkejd ~ktm ` agrj `abktkgzs
t`rnjt lgr 26368 tmjstjv!zv rgztj ke Lknzrj 3% Tmj stjv!zv
rgztj ~gzod t`ij gzt `e `cczazo`tjd 46 vjr cjet gl tmj
tgt`o `agzet gl `oog~`ecjs b{ 2636%
@e{ gl tmjsj rgztjs cgzod gjr kavrg|jajets tg tmj czrrjet gzt!
oggi `s tmj{ ~gzod cgera tm`t tmj JZ m`s ra ketjetkges tg cge!
tkezj ~ktm a`rijt!b`sjd coka`tj vgokckjs `s tmj drk|ken lgrcj% ^j
~gzod `rnzj tm`t tmj vrjsjet djl`zot rjdzctkge gl 0%>4 vjr cjet gl
`eez`o rjdzctkges bj{ged 2626 m`s ` okaktjd crjdkbkokt{ jjct% Tmj
|jr{ l`ct tm`t tmj JZ m`s egt bjje `boj tg sjt t`rnjts lgr 262: ojn`o!
00% Coka`tj Str`tjnkjs/ 2602%02% Jzrgvj`e Cgaaksskge -2606+ v% =%03% Jzrgvj`e Cgaaksskge -2602+
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Rjlgra gl tmj JZ JTS s{stja
o{ cgeraken `t tmj |jr{ oj`st tmj djl`zot rjdzctkge gl 0%>4 vjr cjet
ks ` c`sj ke vgket%
Agrjg|jr/ tmj cmgkcj bjt~jje tmj rgztjs smgzod egt bj c`t!
jngrkc`o% ^j sznnjst tm`t gej rgztj ks `nrjjd `s tmj ej~ b`sjokej/
~mkoj tmj JZ `t tmj s`aj tkaj `dgvts ` egt!tgg!~kdj r`enj lgr JTS
`oog~`ecj vrkcjs lgr cgesjcztk|j vjrkgds gl 060: {j`rs% ^mjej|jr
tmj vrkcj m`s bjje gztskdj tm`t t`rnjt r`enj lgr ` ~joo!djejd
vjrkgd gl tkaj/ tmj JZ Cgaaksskge b`sjd zvge ` coj`r ojnkso`!
tk|j lr`aj~gri `ed `ctken zvge j}vjrt `d|kcj smgzod vrjsjet `
vrgvgs`o tg tmj JZ Cgzecko ge ~mjtmjr tg t`ij cgrrjctk|j `ctkge
-ksszj gr ~ktmdr`~ `oog~`ecjs+%04 Lke`oo{/ ~j vrgvgsj e gztjr
04% Ke okej ~ktm agst stzdkjs/ ~j sznnjst tm`t tmj cgrrjctk|j `ctkge dgjs egt kecozdj `ctk|j bz{ken `ed sjooken ke tmja`rijt/ bzt ~gri b{ c grrjctken tmj lztzrj v`tm lgr `oog~`ecjs b`sjd ge gbhjctk|j crktjrk`% CJC Coka`tj -2602+vrgvgsjd `e kedjvjedjet Rjnzo`tkge @ztmgrkt{ ~ktm tmj rjsvgeskbkokt{ lgr tmj a`e`njajet gl szvvo{ gl oog~`e!
Sgzrcj8 Cgvjem`nje Jcgegakcs b`sjd ge jaksskge st`tkstkcs lrgaJzrgst`t ed tmj Jzrgvj`e Cgaaksskge JTS c`v%
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@ St`boj JTS S{stja ~ktm ` Ogen!Tjra Mgrkxge
bgzed szrrgzedken tmj keejr t`rnjt vrkcj r`enj/ rjvrjsjetken cjko!
kens `ed ggrs lgr tmj `oog~`ecj vrkcj% ^mje tmj vrkcj brj`is tmks
gztjr r`enj/ tmj JZ Cgaaksskge cgzod bj a`ed`tjd tg ketjr|jej
dkrjcto{ b{ rjdzcken'kecrj`sken tmj `agzet gl `oog~`ecjs ke ej}t
{j`rs vrgnr`aaj -cl% Lknzrj 4+% Tmks `vvrg`cm sgaj~m`t rjsja!
bojs tmj `vvrg`cm vzrszjd ke agrj rjcjet |ket`njs gl c`v!`ed!
tr`dj s{stjas ke @zstr`ok` `ed tmj -st`tj!oj|jo+ ZS%0:
cjs `ed ~mgsj a`ke gbhjctk|j/ `ogen tmj okejs gl ` cjetr`o b`ei/ ~gzod bj tg jeszrj tmj gvtka`o okei`nj bjt~jje tmjdkjrjet tjavgr`o mgrkxges gl tmj co ka`tj str`tjn{%0:% Sjj lgr j}`avoj tmj vrjsjet`tkge ke Coka`tj Str`tjnkjs -2602+/ v% >%
Egtj8 Tmj rst m`ol gl tmj nzrj
smg~s tmj `ctz`o vrkcj dj|jogvajetke JTS `oog~`ecjs lrga 266: tg Dj!cjabjr 2600% Tmj sjcged m`ol gl tmj
nzrj smg~s tmj vrkcj dj|jogvajet
zedjr ` cgetrgoojd vrkcj rjnkaj%
Sgzrcj8 Cgvjem`nje Jcgegakcs/ JKC/ ~~~%jc}%jz%
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Rjlgra gl tmj JZ JTS s{stja
Tmj kestktztkge`o lr`aj~gri lgr rj|ksken tmj ra t`rnjts lgr
tmj ej}t 06 tg 0: {j`rs `ed tmj kedkc`tk|j t`rnjtken lgr tmj lgoog~!ken : tg 06 {j`rs smgzod jabgd{ sgzed jcgegakcs `s ~joo `s vgokc{
crjdkbkokt{%
Sgzed jcgegakcs ejjd tg rjjct tm`t tmj JZ `ed kts ajabjr
st`tjs m`|j jaksskges bgtm keskdj `ed gztskdj tmj JTS sjctgr `ed
tm`t tmj sm`rj gl tmj bzrdje smgzod rjjct sgaj cgst!jckjec{!
sm`rken vrkeckvojs% Kt ks gb|kgzs tm`t djeken tmj cgst!jjctk|j
sm`rj gl tmj bzrdje bjt~jje tmj JTS `ed tmj ege!JTS sjctgr t~g
djc`djs dg~e tmj rg`d ks ej`ro{ kavgsskboj/ `ed tmj lr`aj~gri
smgzod bj szckjeto{ j}kboj tm`t kt c`e rj`ct tg ej~ kelgra`!
tkge% Tmj `ctz`o vrkcj gl JTS `oog~`ecjs ks ` strgen kedkc`tkge gl
tmj cgsts gl `b`tjajet ~ktmke tmj JTS% @ s{stjakc rjdzctkge gl
vrkcjs rjo`tk|j tg j}vjct`tkges ks ` skne`o tm`t `b`tjajet cgsts
`rj og~jr tm`e grknke`oo{ j}vjctjd `ed kedkc`tjs tm`t agrj gl tmj`b`tjajet cgzod bj smkltjd ketg tmj JTS sjctgr `ed'gr tm`t `b`tj!
ajet jjcts njejr`oo{ cgzod bj stjvvjd zv%
Kedjjd/ kt ks eg~ `bzed`eto{ coj`r tm`t c`rbge vrkcjs gztskdj
tmj JTS sjctgr `rj a`eklgod tkajs mknmjr tm`e tmj `oog~`ecj vrkcj%
Tmks ks koozstr`tjd ke Lknzrj :/ ~mkcm cge|jrts tmj vrjsjet j}cksj
dztkjs ge lgzr lzjo t{vjs zsjd lgr ege!bzskejss vzrvgsjs tg ` c`r!
bge vrkcj b`sjd zvge tmj c`rbge cgetjet gl tmjsj lgzr lzjo t{vjs%
Lgr tmj ; cgzetrkjs kecozdjd tmj < bknnjst cgzetrkjs gl tmj JZ
vozs 3 mknm!jejrn{!t`} Egrdkc cgzetrkjs tmj kavokckt c`rbge t`}
ks bjt~jje 2 `ed 2: tkajs mknmjr tm`e tmj vrjsjet `oog~`ecj vrkcj%
Tmj dkjrjecj ks agst strkiken lgr tmj t`}`tkge gl vjtrgo -n`sg!
okej+/ ~mkcm ge `|jr`nj jpz`os ` c`rbge vrkcj gl 2:= vjr tge/ ~mkoj
tmj vrkcj gl tmj JTS `oog~`ecj vrjsjeto{ tr`kos bjog~ 06 vjr tge%B`skc`oo{/ tmj JZ ~gzod bjejt sknekc`eto{ lrga vzsmken aktk!
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@ St`boj JTS S{stja ~ktm ` Ogen!Tjra Mgrkxge
n`tkge keskdj tmj JTS/ nk|je tmj ~kdj dksv`rkt{ ke tmj kektk`o oj|jos
gl c`rbge vrkcjs% Tm`t ks vrjcksjo{ ~m`t ag|ken tg ` mknmjr rjdzc!
tkge t`rnjt/ szcm `s 36 vjr cjet gr mknmjr/ ke 2636 ~gzod `cmkj|j%
Szcm ` ag|j cgzod bj zedjrt`ije ~ktmgzt r`ksken tmj g|jr`oo t`rnjt
lgr NMN jaksskges lgr tmj JZ%0< @ ^grod B`ei stzd{ ge Vgo`ed m`s
j}vokckto{ c`oczo`tjd tmj jckjec{ n`kes tg bj rj`vjd b{ Vgo`ed kl
tmj aktkn`tkge jgrts ~jrj tg bj smkltjd keskdj tmj JTS sjctgr dzj
tg tmj azcm og~jr c`rbge vrkcjs keskdj tmj sjctgr%0> Kedjjd/ tmks
stzd{ ~`s b`sjd zvge `e `oog~`ecj vrkcj gl 36 vjr tge `n`kest `e
0% grod B`ei -2600+/ sjj vv% =
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Rjlgra gl tmj JZ JTS s{stja
jstka`tjd => vjr tge gztskdj tmj JTS lgr Vgo`ed -`e `|jr`nj gl
=< vjr tge lgr tmj rjst gl tmj JZ+8 tmj n`kes `rj eg~ azcm o`rnjr`s tmj `oog~`ecj vrkcj m`s tzabojd bjog~ 06 vjr tge%
Rjn`rdken vgokc{ crjdkbkokt{/ kt ks kavgrt`et tm`t t`rnjts `rj
egt sjje `s bjken szbhjct tg cgest`et `ed `rbktr`r{ cm`enj% Tmks
l`|gzrs `e `vvrg`cm ~ktm ra t`rnjts ke ` 060: {j`r vjrsvjctk|j `s
sznnjstjd `bg|j/ `ed ` agrj kedkc`tk|j `vvrg`cm lgr tmj lgoog~ken
:06 {j`rs% ^ktmke tmj 06! tg 0:!{j`r vjrkgd/ tmj v`tm ~koo geo{ bj
a`rnke`oo{ `dhzstjd tg ijjv c`rbge vrkcjs ~ktmke ` vrjdjejd `ed
egt!tgg!e`rrg~ ketjr|`o% @t tmj s`aj tkaj/ tmj kedkc`tk|j rg`da`v
bj{ged tmj 060: {j`rs ~ktm ra t`rnjts ~koo ejjd tg bj cgest`eto{
zvd`tjd% Ke smgrt/ tmj JTS smgzod bj tmj JZs coka`tj vgokc{ hzn!
njre`zt/ ijjvken ` stj`d{ {jt `dhzst`boj cgzrsj%
Tmj g|jr`oo vzrvgsj gl tmks sjt gl vgokckjs ks tg `cmkj|j ` |jr{
b`skc bjejt/ e`ajo{ rjdzcken zecjrt`ket{ lgr cgeszajrs/ ras`ed ke|jstgrs `bgzt tmj lztzrj oj|jos gl c`rbge vrkcken ~mkoj tmj
`b`tjajet v`tm ks cgeskstjet ~ktm tmj ogen!tjra ejjds%0= Tmks
cgzod a`ssk|jo{ rjdzcj tmj ke|jstajet rksi lgr `oo og~!c`rbge
sgoztkges/ ~ktm b{ l`r tmj o`rnjst kav`ct bjken ge kestrzajets ~ktm
` ogen okljtkaj `ed mknm zv!lrget }jd c`vkt`o cgsts -j}`avojs `rj
gsmgrj ~ked/ CCS tjcmegognkjs `ed `tgakc vg~jr+%
^mje cgeskdjrken tmj jjcts ge vrkcjs gl `e{ gl tmjsj rgztjs/
tmj ksszj gl stgr`nj gr b`ei`bkokt{ gl zezsjd `oog~`ecjs ks crzck`o%
Czrrjeto{/ tmj JTS rknmto{ `oog~s tmj b`eiken gl zezsjd `oog~!
`ecjs bjt~jje vjrkgds/ ke grdjr egt tg rksi o`rnj zctz`tkges ke
0=% Tmjrj ks o`rnj bgd{ gl |jr{ rjcjet stzdkjs g|jr~mjoakeno{ sznnjstken tm`t c`v!`ed!tr`dj s{stjas t`rnjtkenogentjra nrjjemgzsj n`s jaksskges smgzod kecozdj sgaj iked gl vrkcj st`bkoks`tkge ajcm`eksa tm`t rjdzcjs tmjvrkcj r`enj lgr oog~`ecjs ke ` c`v!`ed!tr`dj s{stja% J}`avojs rj CJVS -2600+/ Nroo ed T`scmkek -2606+/ KJ@-2606+/ O`edken ed Nrzbb -2606+/ ^KLG -2600+ ed ggd ed Hgtxg -2606+% Agrj njejr`oo{/ tmjrj ks
sgaj~m`t sjv`r`tj oktjr`tzrj tm`t m`s zedjrokejd tm`t njejr`o zecjrt`ket{ bgzt lztzrj c`rbge vrkcjs/ egt oj`stvgokc{ a`ijrs `bkokt{ tg a`ij nggd ge vrgaksjs/ ~koo mgod b`ci ke|jstajet ke jejrn{ keeg|`tkge% @e g|jr|kj~ gltmks ks vrjsjetjd ke stzd{ lgr DN T@]ZD b{ Cgvjem`nje Jcgegakcs -2600b+%
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@ St`boj JTS S{stja ~ktm ` Ogen!Tjra Mgrkxge
tmj vrkcj% Mg~j|jr/ tmks `osg kavokjs tm`t tmj vrkcj gl tmj JTS
`oog~`ecj/ `dhzstjd b{ tmj `vvrgvrk`tj dkscgzet r`tj/ smgzod bjtmj s`aj lgr `oo tmj {j`rs cg|jrjd b{ tmj s`aj b`eiken vjrkgd%
Mjecj/ `oog~`ecjs egt zsjd ke 266; c`e bj zsjd tg cgavo{ ~ktm
2626 rjpzkrjajets% Agrjg|jr/ kl ~j j}tjed tmj JTS s{stja ~ktm
lgra`o 262: t`rnjts ~ktm lzoo b`eiken `oog~jd bjt~jje tmj {j`rs
bjlgrj `ed tmj {j`rs `ltjr 2626/ zezsjd `oog~`ecjs lrga 266; c`e
bj zsjd tg cgavo{ ~ktm 262: t`rnjts%
Tmks vrkcj `okneajet jjct gl vrkcjs b{ ~`{ gl b`eiken c`e bj
sjje `s bgtm zsjlzo `ed cgzetjrvrgdzctk|j% Kt `oog~s tmj lztzrj
t`rnjts tg kezjecj c`rbge vrkcjs eg~/ ~mkcm ks ` djskr`boj jjct%
Mg~j|jr/ kt `osg lgrcjs c`rbge vrkcjs tg bj `vvrg}ka`tjo{ jpz`o
g|jr tkaj/ ~mkcm kavokjs ` sknekc`et lrgetog`dken gl aktkn`tkge
aj`szrjs% @ djckskge eg~ tg kavgsj ` og~jr c`v lgr 2636 ~koo oj`d
tg ` mknmjr c`rbge vrkcj tgd`{ `orj`d{ `ed mjecj `osg agrj kecje!tk|js tg aktkn`tj tgd`{% Tmks ks `egtmjr ~`{ gl s`{ken tm`t tmjrj ks
egt ` strgen okei bjt~jje c`vs ke kedk|kdz`o {j`rs `ed jaksskges ke
kedk|kdz`o {j`rs%
Tmks oj`ds tg tmj pzjstkge gl cgst!jjctk|jejss8 ~m`t ks tmj gvtk!
a`o aktkn`tkge v`tm7 Tmks ksszj m`s bjje mj`|ko{ djb`tjd `ed tmjrj
`rj eg coj`r!czt cgecozskges% Ge tmj gej m`ed/ coka`tj cm`enj ks
okeijd tg tmj czazo`tjd jaksskges gl NMNs/ ~mkcm kavokjs tm`t
gej zekt gl NMN s`|jd tgd`{ coj`ro{ m`s ` mknmjr |`ozj tm`e gej
zekt gl NMN s`|jd tgagrrg~ `ed ke o`tjr vjrkgds% Ge tmj gtmjr
m`ed/ ~j j}vjct tjcmegognkc`o vrgnrjss tg djok|jr cmj`vjr aktk!
n`tkge gvtkges ke lztzrj {j`rs/ v`rtkczo`ro{ kl ~j t`ij `ctkge eg~
tg vrgagtj szcm gvtkges% Kedjjd/ tm`t c`e bj `d|`ecjd b{ mknm
c`rbge vrkcjs tgd`{Tmj vgket ks/ tmgznm/ tm`t tmj JTS s{stja c`e bj sjt zv sg `s tg
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Rjlgra gl tmj JZ JTS s{stja
cgabkej b`ei`bkokt{ ~ktm ` djskrjd nrg~tm v`tm lgr c`rbge vrkcjs
`ed mjecj tmj v`tm gl jaksskge rjdzctkges% Gej cgzod lgr j}`avojketrgdzcj ` agdjst t`} ge zezsjd {j`ro{ `oog~`ecjs% @ agdjst
{j`ro{ t`} gl 23 vjr cjet cgabkejd ~ktm ` rj o dkscgzet r`tj gl tmj
s`aj `agzet ~gzod bj szckjet tg kecrj`sj tmj rj`o c`rbge vrkcjs
b{ :< vjr cjet vjr {j`r ~mkoj ijjvken tmj st`bkoksken jjcts gl
b`eiken ke vo`cj%0; Tmks ks `e ksszj tm`t smgzod bj rj|kj~jd ke agrj
djt`ko%
0;% Tmj b`skc jcgegakcs gl ` c`v!`ed!tr`dj s{stja ~ktm b`eiken ed bgrrg~ken ks j}vo`kejd ej`to{ b{ Ej~joo jt o-266:+% Tmj{ strgeno{ szvvgrt tmj kecozskge gl vrkcj!st`bkoksken jojajets ke c`v!`ed!tr`dj s{stjas t`rnjtkennrjjemgzsj n`sjs/ ke okej ~ktm gzr rnzajet ke tmj a`ke tj}t% Jssjetk`oo{/ tmj{ s`{ tm`t tmj c`rbge vrkcj v`tm ksdjtjrakejd b{ v`r`ajtjrs/ e`ajo{ tmj dkscgzet r`tj zsj b{ ras/ tg cgav`rj tmj `oog~`ecj vrkcj ~ktmke {j`rs `ed
tmj tr`dken r`tkg tm`t djtjrakejs mg~ o`rnj ` vjrcjet`nj gl zezsjd `oog~`ecjs c`e bj brgznmt lgr~`rd% Tmj og~jrtmj r`tj ` mknmjr t`} ge zezsjd `oog~`ecj tmj stjjvjr tmj vrkcj v`tm% @ `t vrkcj v`tm ~gzod kavo{ ` ejn`tk|jt`} ge zezsjd bgrrg~kens jpz`o tg tmj dkscgzet r`tj tg brken lgr~`rd b`tjajet%
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2>
Dj`oken ~ktm C`rbgeOj`i`nj ke JZCoka`tj Vgokckjs
Cm`vtjr 2
C`rbge `b`tjajet vgokckjs/ szcm `s kecrj`sken tmj vrkcj ge
c`rbge/ ~koo rjdzcj jaksskges keskdj tmj rjnkge `dgvtken tmj vgok!c{% Mg~j|jr/ v`rt gl tmks rjdzctkge a`{ bj gsjt b{ `e kecrj`sj ke
jaksskges gztskdj tmj rjnkge% Tmks jjct ks ieg~e `s c`rbge oj`i!
`nj%0
C`rbge oj`i`nj ks svzrrjd egt geo{ b{ `e kecrj`sjd vrkcj lgr c`r!
bge% Agst cgzetrkjs dg egt sjji tg rjdzcj CG2 jaksskges vzrjo{ b{
djtjrakeken ` vrkcj lgr CG2/ `s ks tmj c`sj lgr j}`avoj ~ktm tmj JZ
JTS% Kestj`d/ coka`tj vgokc{ ks cgedzctjd b{ kecrj`sken tmj rjej~!
`boj jejrn{ vrgdzctkge c`v`ckt{/ kecrj`sken jejrn{ t`}js `ed
`dgvtken cjrt`ke coka`tj!rjo`tjd st`ed`rds lgr cjrt`ke vrgdzcts/
szcm `s tmj jckjec{ gl c`r jenkejs% Szcm vgokckjs `oo m`|j ` cgst
-j%n% tmrgznm mknmjr jojctrkckt{ bkoos `ed mknmjr vrgdzct vrkcjs+/
~mkcm c`e bj ketjrvrjtjd `s tmj kavokckt cgst gl CG2 rjdzctkges -gr
tmj kavokckt vrkcj gl c`rbge+%0% Sjj j%n% KVCC -266>+%
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Rjlgra gl tmj JZ JTS s{stja
C`rbge oj`i`nj a`{ t`ij vo`cj tmrgznm t~g cm`eejos8
Dgajstkc vrgdzcjrs l`cj mknmjr vrgdzctkge cgsts
`ed ~koo tmjrjlgrj ogsj cgavjtktk|jejss ge tmj nogb`o
a`rijt% Lgrjkne cgavjtktgrs ~koo rjsvged b{ kecrj`sken
vrgdzctkge -`ed jaksskges+ ke grdjr tg ztkoksj tmj cgst
dkjrjetk`o crj`tjd b{ tmj c`rbge t`}% Agrjg|jr/ dgajs!
tkc vrgdzcjrs a`{ `osg rjsvged b{ ag|ken vrgdzctkge
l`ckoktkjs `brg`d% Tmks ks ieg~e `s kedzstrk`o -c`rbge+
oj`i`nj%
Rjdzcken jejrn{ cgeszavtkge keskdj ` szckjeto{
o`rnj rjnkge ~ktm mknm c`rbge vrkcjs ~koo tjed tg og~jr
tmj nogb`o jejrn{ vrkcj% Ke tzre/ tmks ~koo stkazo`tj tmj
jejrn{ dja`ed -`ed jaksskges+ gztskdj tmj rjnkge% Tmksks ieg~e `s rjbgzed -c`rbge+ oj`i`nj% Tmjsj jjcts `rj
koozstr`tjd ke tmj zvvjr v`ejo gl Lknzrj
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Dj`oken ~ktm C`rbge Oj`i`nj ke JZ Coka`tj Vgokckjs
Dj`oken ~ktm tmj rksi gl c`rbgeoj`i`nj
^mkoj tmjrj ks eg cgesjeszs ge tmj `ctz`o skxj gl c`rbge oj`i`nj/
tmjrj ks njejr`o rjcgnektkge tm`t kt ks `e ksszj tm`t ejjds bj dj`ot
~ktm%
Jaksskge rjdzctkge aj`szrjs smgzod vrjsjr|j tmj kecjetk|js
tg rjdzcj CG2 jaksskges `t tmj a`rnke/ ~mkoj `t tmj s`aj tkaj nk|j
kecjetk|js tg a`ket`ke vrgdzctkge ke tmj `rj`s ~ktm `abktkgzs
coka`tj vgokckjs% Agrjg|jr/ ras smgzod bj trj`tjd ke ` cgeskstjet
a`eejr ke grdjr egt tg ketrgdzcj dkstgrtkges bjt~jje kedzstrkjs
`ed'gr sjctgrs%
Ke tmj JZ/ c`rbge oj`i`nj ks czrrjeto{ `ddrjssjd tmrgznm tmrjjvgokc{ kestrzajets8 tmj JZ JTS/ tmj Jejrn{ T`} Dkrjctk|j -JTD+
Dgajstkc rjdzctkge kejaksskge
Lknzrj
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Rjlgra gl tmj JZ JTS s{stja
`ed st`tj `kd nzkdjokejs ke tmj cgetj}t gl tmj JZ JTS% Bgtm tmj
JZ JTS `ed tmj Jejrn{ T`} Dkrjctk|j -JTD+ stkvzo`tj cgsts lgrjakttken CG28 dkrjct cgsts tmrgznm tmj JTS/ ~mkcm rjpzkrjs `oog~!
`ecjs tg bj lgrljktjd ke rjsvgesj tg tmj CG2 jakttjd/ `ed kedkrjcto{
tmrgznm tmj JTD/ ~mkcm ks `kajd tg kecrj`sj tmj jejrn{ vrkcj% Tmj
ojnkso`tkge rjcgneksjs tmj rksi gl c`rbge oj`i`nj `ed tmjrjlgrj
`dds crktjrk` lgr j}javtken cjrt`ke kedzstrkjs'vrgdzcts lrga tmj
kecrj`sj ke cgsts `ssgck`tjd ~ktm tmj JTS `ed JTD% Ke rjo`tkge tg
tmj JZ JTS vgst!2602/ ` okst gl sjctgrs m`s bjje djtjrakejd tg bj
`t rksi gl c`rbge oj`i`nj `ed tmjrjlgrj joknkboj lgr lrjj `oog~`ecjs%
Tmj okst ks djtjrakejd `ccgrdken tg `e kedzstr{s jejrn{ ketjeskt{
`ed tr`dj j}vgszrj%
Cgav`ekjs c`e gbt`ke lrjj `oog~`ecjs b`sjd ge tmj sg!c`oojd
dkrjct CG2 jaksskges `ssgck`tjd ~ktm tmjkr vrgdzctkge/ bzt egt tmj
cgsts `ssgck`tjd ~ktm kedkrjct CG2 jaksskges -jojctrkckt{ cge!szavtkge+% Tmks aj`es tm`t ras tm`t `rj jen`njd ke jojctrkckt{!
ketjesk|j vrgdzctkge `rj geo{ cgavjes`tjd ~ktm lrjj `oog~`ecjs
lgr tmj dkrjct CG2 jojajet `ed egt tmj jojctrkckt{ jojajet% J}`a!
vojs gl jojctrkckt{!ketjesk|j kedzstrkjs `rj `ozakekza/ a`cmkejr{
`ed cmjakc`os%2Tmj st`tj `kd nzkdjokejs/ ke rjsvgesj tg tmks/ `rj
djsknejd ke grdjr lgr ajabjr st`tjs tg bj `boj tg szvvgrt tmjkr
jojctrkckt{!ketjesk|j vrgdzcjrs tmrgznm st`tj `kd% Ke tmj Jejrn{
T`} Dkrjctk|j/ kedzstrkjs djjajd tg bj jejrn{!ketjesk|j `rj j}javt
lrga tmj akekaza t`} rjpzkrjajet -cl% T`boj 0+%
Czrrjeto{/ tmjsj tmrjj dkjrjet ~`{s tg `ddrjss kedzstrkjs
j}vgsjd tg tmj rksi gl c`rbge oj`i`nj ke tmj JZ nk|js rksj tg `t oj`st
t~g t{vjs gl cgavjtktkge dkstgrtkge8
2% Sjj j%n% Cgvjem`nje Jcgegakcs -2600`+%
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Dj`oken ~ktm C`rbge Oj`i`nj ke JZ Coka`tj Vgokckjs
JZ JTS St`tj kdnzkdjokejs
Czrrjet Jejrn{T`} Dkrjctk|j
Vrj!2602 tr`dken vjrk!gd8 rjj `oog~`ecjs grej`ro{ `oo vrgdzcjrs%
Vgst!2602 tr`dken vjrk!gd8 djcrj`sken `agzetg rjj `oog~`ecjs/b`sjd ge bjecma`ri
tg vrgdzcts svjckl!c`oo{ djtjrakejd tg bj`t rksi g c`rbge oj`i!`nj% @oog~`ecjs `rjgeo{ nk|je tg lras ~ktmdkrjct CG2 cgsts%
Ajabjr st`tjs a`{ `dgvt l!e`eck`o aj`szrjs ke `|gzr goj`i`nj!j}vgsjd sjctgrs dzj tgkedkrjct CG2 cgsts -cgsts v`ssjdge tmrgznm tmj jojctrkckt{ vrkcj+%@kd azst bj b`sjd ge ` bjecm!a`ri cgrrjsvgedken tg tmj agst
jlckjet `|`ko`boj tjcmegognkjs`ed CG2 jaksskges g tmj rjo!j|`et Jzrgvj`e jojctrkckt{ vrg!dzctkge ak}%
@kd smgzod bj djtjrakejdtmrgznm ` c`sj!b{!b`sj `e`o{sks`t tmj kest`oo`tkge oj|jo%
V`rt g tmj kedkrjct cgst mgzod bjbgrej b{ tmj cgav`e{ ke grdjrtg a`ket`ke tmj kecjetk|j tgs`|j jejrn{% Szvvgrt smgzod bjokeijd tg jejrn{ jlckjec{ vjr!gra`ecj%
Jejrn{!|gozaj!b`sjdt`}js%
T`} j}javtkge k tmjkedzstr{ ks jejrn{ke!tjesk|j%
T`boj 0% Czrrjet JZ ojnkso`tkge tg `ddrjss c`rbge oj`i`nj%
Sgzrcj8 Cgvjem`nje Jcgegakcs b`sjd ge Jzrgvj`e Cgaaksskge -266=+/ ed Jzrgvj`e Cgaaksskge -266;+%
0+ Cgavjtktkge bjt~jje kedzstrkjs tm`t jakt CG2 dkrjcto{
-j%n% cjajet vrgdzctkge+ `ed kedzstrkjs tm`t vrgdzcj kt
b{ cgeszaken jojctrkckt{ -j%n% `ozakekza vrgdzctkge+%
2+ Cgavjtktkge bjt~jje ras vrgdzcken skako`r nggds
-j%n% ke dkjrjet ajabjr st`tjs+ ke ~mkcm gej ra zsjs
` mknm djnrjj gl lgssko lzjo kevzt ke kts jejrn{ ak}/ ~mkoj
tmj gtmjr ra zsjs jojctrkckt{ tg ` mknm djnrjj% Tmks
cgzod lgr j}`avoj bj tmj c`sj kl tmj rst ra vrgdzcjs ktsg~e jojctrkckt{ lrga ` ogc`o cg`o!rjd vg~jr njejr`tgr%
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Rjlgra gl tmj JZ JTS s{stja
Ke `ddktkge tg tmjsj t~g dkstgrtkges gl cgavjtktkge/ tmj Jejr!
n{ T`} Dkrjctk|j zsjs dkjrjet crktjrk` tg `ssjss ~mkcm kedzstrkjssmgzod bj j}javt lrga akekaza t`}`tkge% Tmks `dds `egtmjr
oj|jo gl kecgeskstjec{ tg tmj cg|jr`nj gl CG2 jaksskges |ks!!|ks
tmj JTS% Agrjg|jr/ tmjrj `rj eg j}javtkges lrga jejrn{ t`}js lgr
ras `orj`d{ cg|jrjd b{ tmj JTS/ tmzs nk|ken rksj tg dgzboj!rjnz!
o`tkge%
Czrrjeto{/ rj|kskges tg bgtm tmj Jejrn{ T`} Dkrjctk|j `ed tmj
st`tj `kd nzkdjokejs `rj ke tmj vkvjokej% Tmj rj|ksjd Jejrn{ T`}
Dkrjctk|j t`ijs ` vrgaksken stjv tg~`rds kavrg|ken cgeskstjec{ ke
tmj cg|jr`nj gl jaksskges% Lkrst/ kt vrgvgsjs eg t`}`tkge gl lgssko
lzjos ~mje zsjd b{ kest`oo`tkges cg|jrjd b{ tmj JTS% Sjcged/ kt
vrgvgsjs tm`t tmj rksi gl c`rbge oj`i`nj lgr kedzstrkjs gztskdj tmj
JTS smgzod bj j|`oz`tjd zsken tmj s`aj crktjrk` `s zedjr tmj JTS
-cl% T`boj 2+%Tmj vrgvgsjdst`tj `kd nzkdjokejs sjja tg t`ij ` strkctjr
`vvrg`cm tg c`rbge oj`i`nj tm`e tmj JTS dkrjctk|j% Tmj okst gl
sjctgrs djjajd tg bj `t rksi gl c`rbge oj`i`nj dzj tg kedkrjct CG2
ks sknekc`eto{ sa`oojr tm`e tmj cgrrjsvgedken okst dzj tg dkrjct
CG2 cgsts% Agrjg|jr/ tmj sm`rj gl cgsts tm`t c`e bj cgavjes`tjd
tmrgznm st`tj `kd ks =: vjr cjet `t tmj agst/ djcrj`sken tg >: vjr
cjet ke 260;% Tmks ks rjo`tk|jo{ og~ cgav`rjd ~ktm tmj djnrjj gl
cgavjes`tkge lgr dkrjct CG2 cgsts% Ke `ddktkge tg tmks/ ` vje`ot{
ks kedzcjd lgr kest`oo`tkges tm`t `rj egt `agen tmj agst jckjet
`ccgrdken tg ` bjecma`ri% Kl eg bjecma`ri j}ksts/ tmj jckjec{
l`ctgr ks 6%>/ kavo{ken tm`t tmj tgt`o djnrjj gl cgavjes`tkge ks
rjdzcjd b{ 36 vjr cjet%3
Tmj agst vrgboja`tkc v`rt gl tmj nzkdjokejs ks/ mg~j|jr/ tmjkr3% Tmj djnrjj gl cgavjes`tkge cgzod lgr j}`avoj bj 6%=:(6%> 1 6%
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Dj`oken ~ktm C`rbge Oj`i`nj ke JZ Coka`tj Vgokckjs
Vrgvgsjd rj|ksjd Jejrn{ T`}Dkrjctk|j
Vrgvgsjd nzkdjokejs ge st`tj`kd aj`szrjs
Tmj t`} ks cgecjvtz`oo{ dk|kdjd ketg ` t`}ge t~g cgetjets8 jejrn{ cgetjet `ed CG2cgetjet%
Jejrn{ cgetjet t`}8 t`} rjdzctkge -egtbjog~ tmj akekaza r`tj+ k tmj kedzstr{ ks
jejrn{!ketjesk|j%CG2 cgetjet t`}8 egt `vvokc`boj tg sjc!tgrs cg|jrjd b{ tmj JTS% Cgavojtj t`}j}javtkge ks `oog~jd k vrgdzcts `rj `trksi g c`rbge oj`i`nj -zsken tmj s`ajdjlektkges `s ke tmj JZ JTS/ ~mkcm `rjmknm jejrn{ ketjeskt{ ed tr`dj j}vg!szrj+%
Sznnjst ` okst g sjctgrs tm`t `rj djjajdtg bj `t rksi g c`rbge oj`i`nj rga tmjcgst g kedkrjct CG2 jaksskges% Tmj okstks djtjrakejd `ccgrdken tg tmj djnrjj gtr`dj j}vgszrj `ed kedkrjct CG2 cgsts%Tmj okst ks skneklc`eto{ sa`oojr tm`e tmjokst djtjrakeken sjctgrs djjajd tg bj `trksi g c`rbge oj`i`nj rga tmj cgst g dk!rjct CG2 jaksskges%
St`tj `kd a`{ bj nk|je tg lras ~ktmketmjsj sjctgrs b`sjd ge ` mkstgrkc oj|jo gvrgdzctkge oj|jo gr jojctrkckt{ cgeszav!tkge oj|jo%
Tmj djnrjj tg ~mkcm tmj cgsts a`{ bjcgavjes`tjd -tmj `kd ketjeskt{+ ks sjttg =: vjr cjet/ djcrj`sken tg >: vjr cjetke 260;%
^mje ` vrgdzct!svjcklc jojctrkckt{ cge!
szavtkge jlckjec{ bjecma`ri ks egt`|`ko`boj/ tmj tgt`o `kd ketjeskt{ ks rj!dzcjd b{ 36 vjr cjet%
T`boj 2% Vrgvgsjd rj|kskges tg tmj Jejrn{ T`} Dkrjctk|j
`ed st`tj kd nzkdjokejs%
Sgzrcj8 Jzrgvj`e Cgaaksskge -2600b+/ Jzrgvj`e Cgaaksskge -2600c+%
kavokckt zedjrst`edken gl tmj ~`{ vg~jr a`rijts lzectkge% Lgr
j}`avoj/ bjc`zsj cgzetrkjs szcm `s Egr~`{ `ed S~jdje m`|j
azcm o`rnjr sm`rjs gl ege!lgssko lzjo ke tmjkr vg~jr njejr`tkge/
kt `sszajs tm`t tmj kav`ct gl tmj JTS ge vg~jr vrkcjs ks og~jr ke
tmjsj cgzetrkjs tm`e ke Djea`ri%
Tmks ks vrgboja`tkc lgr t~g rj`sges% Lkrst/ tmj a`rnke`o vg~jr
vrgdzcjr sjttken tmj vrkcj ke vg~jr a`rijts ks okijo{ tg bj ` cg`o gr
n`s vo`et% Tmks ks krrjsvjctk|j gl tmj sm`rj gl lgssko lzjos `ed rjej~!
`boj jejrn{ sgzrcjs% Tmj kedkrjct cgsts bgrej b{ jejrn{!ketjesk|jkedzstrkjs ke S~jdje tmjrjlgrj a`{ `s ~joo bj `s mknm `s ke Dje!
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Rjlgra gl tmj JZ JTS s{stja
a`ri% Sjcged/ vg~jr a`rijt vrkcjs `rj sjt hgketo{ ke tmj Egrdkc
a`rijt -Egrdvggo+ `ed tmks a`rijt ks kecrj`skeno{ bjken cge!ejctjd ~ktm tmj cgetkejet`o a`rijt/ oj`dken g|jr tkaj tg ` agrj
cgaage vg~jr a`rijt vrkcj ke tmj JZ%
Kl tmj kedkrjct cgst gl CG2 -tmj `agzet gl jojctrkckt{ cgeszav!
tkge+ ~`s kecozdjd `s v`rt gl tmj rjnzo`r JTS cgavjes`tkge
ajcm`eksa/ `e `dakekstr`tk|j bzrdjesgaj st`tj `kd vrgcjss cgzod
bj `|gkdjd%
@ Egrdkc'S~jdksm vjrsvjctk|jge oj`i`nj
Tmj kedzstr{ strzctzrj ke tmj Egrdkc cgzetrkjs ks cm`r`ctjrksjd
b{ bjken rjo`tk|jo{ djvjedjet ge jojctrkckt{ ke kts jejrn{ ak}%Jojctrkckt{ rjvrjsjets :4 vjr cjet gl tmj jejrn{ ak} ke tmj Egr!
dkc a`ezl`ctzrken kedzstr{/ ~mjrj`s kt cgestktztjs 33 vjr cjet gl
tmj jejrn{ ak} ke tmj rja`keken JZ ajabjr st`tjs -cl% Lknzrj >+%
Cgav`rjd ~ktm kedzstrkjs ke gtmjr cgzetrkjs tm`t tjed tg vrgdzcj
tmjkr g~e jojctrkckt{/ Egrdkc kedzstrkjs `rj `t ` sknekc`et dks`d!
|`et`nj/ skecj tmj{ `rj egt joknkboj lgr lrjj `oog~`ecjs zedjr tmj
JTS%
C`rbge oj`i`nj ks egt hzst ` cm`oojenj ke rjo`tkge tg egt vzsmken
vrgdzctkge `ed hgbs `brg`d% Vjrm`vs j|je agrj kavgrt`eto{/ kt ks
`osg ` cm`oojenj ke rjo`tkge tg tmj g|jr`oo CG2 jaksskges% Tmks ks
tmj c`sj lgr t~g rj`sges8 0+ tmj Egrdkc kedzstrkjs `t rksi gl c`rbge
oj`i`nj `rj agrj CG2 jckjet tm`e tmj rja`keken JZ cgzetrkjs4
4% Tmj kedzstrkjs `t rksi gl c`rbge oj`i`nj ke tmj Egrdkc cgzetrkjs zsj `bgzt 2%3 in CG2 vjr |`ozj `ddjd/ ~mkojskako`r JZ kedzstrkjs zsj bgzt 3%= in CG2 vjr |`ozj ddjd% Sjj tmj c`oczo`tkges ke Cgvjem`nje Jcgegakcs-2600`+%
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3:
Dj`oken ~ktm C`rbge Oj`i`nj ke JZ Coka`tj Vgokckjs
`ed 2+ tmj Egrdkc cgzetrkjs m`|j ` |jr{ mknm sm`rj gl rjej~`boj
jejrn{ ke jojctrkckt{ vrgdzctkge rjo`tk|j tg tmj rja`keken JZ
cgzetrkjs% ^mkoj tmj Egrdkc rjnkge jakts `bgzt ;6 tCG2 vjr N^m
vrgdzcjd/ tmj rja`kedjr gl tmj JZ jakts `bgzt :0> tCG2 vjr N^m
vrgdzcjd%: Tmks kavokjs tm`t kl vrgdzctkge smklts lrga tmj Egrdkc
cgzetrkjs tg gtmjr cgzetrkjs/ agrj CG2 jaksskges ~koo bj jakttjd
vjr zekt vrgdzcjd%
Gzr a`ke vgket mjrj ks |jr{ str`knmtlgr~`rd% Tmj Egrdkc rjnkge
tjeds tg bj ` lrgetrzeejr ke tjras gl cgaaktajet tg coka`tj
cm`enj vgokckjs `ed m`s rjo`tk|jo{ mknm oj|jos gl t`}`tkge gl jejrn{
:% Cgvjem`nje Jcgegakcs b`sjd ge d`t` lrga C@RA@% Sjj tmj lzoo c `oczo`tkges ke Cgvjem`nje Jcgegakcs-2600`+%
Egtj8 Kedzstrkjs rj aj`szrjd t e E@CJ!2 nnrjn`tkge oj|jo% Tmj v`vjr/ vzov ed vrketken kedzstr{ m`s bj jej}cozdjd s kt zsjs e j}cjvtkge`oo{ mknm agzet gl bkglzjos ed ~`stj jejrn{ sgzrcjs -=;* ke Egrdkc cgzetrkjs`ed 33* ke tmj rja`keken JZ cgzetrkjs+ dzj tg tmj zs`nj gl o`rnj agzet gl ~ggd!rjo`tjd ~`stj vrgdzcts%
Sgzrcj8 Cgvjem`nje Jcgegakcs b`sjd ge GJCD kOkbr`r{KJ@ grod jejrn{ b`o`ecjs%
Egrdkc cgzetrkjs
Lknzrj >% Cgavgsktkge gl jejrn{ cgeszavtkge/
a`ezl`ctzrken kedzstr{%
Mj`t 06*
Lgssko lzjos33 *
Bkglzjos `ed~`stj 3*
Jojctrkckt{:4*
Rja`keken JZ
Mj`t :*
Lgssko lzjos
:=*
Bkglzjos `ed~`stj 4*
Jojctrkckt{33 *
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32+/ A`rijts ke Okcjesjs `ed Jckjet Vgooztkge
Cgetrgo Vrgnr`as%
Ej~joo jt `o -266:+/ A`e`nken Vjrakt A`rijt tg St`bkokxj
Vrkcjs%
GJCD -2664+/ Jaksskges Tr`dken8 T`iken Stgci ed Oggiken
Lgr~`rd%
^jbjr `ed S~kdjr -2664+/ Vg~jr Vo`et Ke|jstajets Zedjr
Lzjo `ed C`rbge Vrkcj Zecjrt`ket{%
^KLG -2600+/ JTCOKV Tmj Cm`oojenj gl tmj Jzrgvj`e C`rbge
A`rijt ke Jaksskge Tr`dken/ C`rbge Oj`i`nj `ed Kestrzajets
tg St`bkoksj tmj CG2 Vrkcj%
^ggd `ed Hgtxg -2606+/ Vrkcj Loggrs lgr Jaksskge Tr`dken%
^grod B`ei -2600+/ Tr`esktkge tg ` Og~!Jaksskges Jcgega{ ke
Vgo`ed/ Ljbrz`r{ 2600%
[`en jt `o -266=+/ J|`oz`tken tmj Vg~jr Ke|jstajet Gvtkges~ktm Zecjrt`ket{ ke Coka`tj Vgokc{%
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Tmks stzd{ st`rts lrga tmj t~g b`skc vrjaksjs tm`t tmj JZ ks stkoo
sjrkgzs `bgzt kts ogen!tjra cgaaktajets tg rjdzcken kts nrjje!
mgzsj n`s jaksskges b{ :6=6 vjr cjet rjo`tk|j tg 0;;6 jaksskges/
`ed tm`t tmj JZ JTS m`s ` cjetr`o rgoj tg vo`{ ke vrg|kdken ` coj`r
`ed zeklgra `b`tjajet kecjetk|j `crgss tmj JZ% Tmj `ztmgrs szn!
njst tmrjj `rj`s ke ~mkcm tmj JTS cgzod bj kavrg|jd tg jem`ecj tmj
cgst!jjctk|jejss gl tmj JZs coka`tj vgokckjs%
Lkrst/ tmjrj ks ` strgen `rnzajet lgr mknmjr aktkn`tkge t`rnjts lgr
tmj JTS% Czrrjeto{ tmj JTS o`cis ` coj`r `ecmgr lgr sjttken lztzrj
c`vs/ ~mkcm tgnjtmjr ~ktm tmj jcgegakc crksks m`s m`d ` d`avjeken
jjct ge tmj c`rbge vrkcj ~ktmke tmj tr`dken s{stja% Sjcged/ tmj
JZs `ed tmj ajabjr st`tjs aj`szrjs tg dj`o ~ktm c`rbge oj`i!
`nj szjr lrga ` szbst`etk`o oj|jo gl kecgeskstjec{% Tmj `ztmgrs
sznnjst tm`t tmj s{stja gl vrg|kdken lrjj `oog~`ecjs smgzod `vvo{
jpz`oo{ tg jejrn{!vrgdzcken `ed jojctrkckt{!zsken kedzstrkjs b`sjd
ge cgaage `ed strkenjet crktjrk` rjn`rdken tmj rksi gl oj`i`nj%
Tmkrd lgr rj`sges gl `dakekstr`tk|j skavokckt{ jjctk|j cgavok