Referencing a Scientific Paper
Referencing a Scientific Paper. Why do we reference papers?
Dec 29, 2015
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Referencing a Scientific Paper
Why do we reference papers?
Why do we reference papers?
Provides foundation for reported work
Why do we reference papers?
Provides foundation for reported work
Gives credit where due
Why do we reference papers?
Provides foundation for reported work
Gives credit where due
Allows the reader to get additional information
Why do we reference papers?
Provides foundation for reported work
Gives credit where due
Allows the reader to get additional information
Saves space
Why do we reference papers?
Why do we reference papers?
Ethical Guidelines to Publication of Chemical Research
ACS Publications
http://pubs.acs.org/ethics/ethics.pdf
What should be referenced?
What should be referenced?
Ideas that are not your own but are not “general” knowledge
What should be referenced?
Ideas that are not your own but are not “general” knowledge
Techniques that were developed by or have been reviewed by others
What should be referenced?
Ideas that are not your own but are not “general” knowledge
Techniques that were developed by or have been reviewed by others
Key results that you use, whether yours or someone else’s
What should be referenced?
Ideas that are not your own but are not “general” knowledge
Techniques that were developed by or have been reviewed by others
Key results that you use, whether yours or someone else’s
Databases or other key resources that you use
What should be referenced?
Ideas that are not your own but are not “general” knowledge
Techniques that were developed by or have been reviewed by others
Key results that you use, whether yours or someone else’s
Databases or other key resources that you use
Any direct quotes or reproduced figures
What should not be referenced?
What should not be referenced?
Ideas or concepts that are so basic as to be “general” knowledge in the field
What should not be referenced?
Ideas or concepts that are so basic as to be “general” knowledge in the field
Ideas or concepts that are not actually used in the paper
What should not be referenced?
Ideas or concepts that are so basic as to be “general” knowledge in the field
Ideas or concepts that are not actually used in the paper
Work of your own that is not relevant to the research reported
What should not be referenced?
Ideas or concepts that are so basic as to be “general” knowledge in the field
Ideas or concepts that are not actually used in the paper
Work of your own that is not relevant to the research reported
Large numbers of redundant sources
Proper Referencing?
16-Fold Degeneracy of Peptide Plane Orientations from Residual Dipolar Couplings: Analytical Treatment and Implications for Protein Structure DeterminationJean-Christophe Hus, Loic Salmon, Guillaume Bouvignies, Johannes Lotze, Martin Blackledge, and Rafael BruschweilerJACS ASAP (Article) DOI: 10.1021/ja804274s
Proper Referencing?
How and Where
How and Where
If the reference is to the entire subject of the sentence, the citation can go at the end
How and Where
If the reference is to the entire subject of the sentence, the citation can go at the end
If the reference is to a subset of the contents of a sentence, the citation should go at the end of the relevant sentence fragment
How and Where
If the reference is to the entire subject of the sentence, the citation can go at the end
If the reference is to a subset of the contents of a sentence, the citation should go at the end of the relevant sentence fragment
Any direct quote, from someone else’s work or your own, must go in quotes and be referenced
An example
What is plagiarism?
What is plagiarism?
To steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own
Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, http://www.merriam-webster.com
What is plagiarism?
To steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own
To use (another's production) without crediting the source
Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, http://www.merriam-webster.com
What is plagiarism?
To steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own
To use (another's production) without crediting the source
To commit literary theft
Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, http://www.merriam-webster.com
What is plagiarism?
To steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own
To use (another's production) without crediting the source
To commit literary theft
To present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source
Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, http://www.merriam-webster.com
Plagiarism includes:
http://www.plagiarism.org
Plagiarism includes:
Copying words or ideas from someone else without giving credit
http://www.plagiarism.org
Plagiarism includes:
Copying words or ideas from someone else without giving credit
Failing to put a quotation in quotation marks
http://www.plagiarism.org
Plagiarism includes:
Copying words or ideas from someone else without giving credit
Failing to put a quotation in quotation marks
Giving incorrect information about the source of a quotation
http://www.plagiarism.org
Plagiarism includes:
Copying words or ideas from someone else without giving credit
Failing to put a quotation in quotation marks
Giving incorrect information about the source of a quotation
Changing words but copying the sentence structure of a source without giving credit
http://www.plagiarism.org
Plagiarism includes:
Copying so many words or ideas from a source that it makes up the majority of your work, whether you give credit or not
http://www.plagiarism.org
Plagiarism includes:
Copying so many words or ideas from a source that it makes up the majority of your work, whether you give credit or not
Copying your own words, ideas or figures from a source that owns copyright to them
http://www.plagiarism.org
Paraphrasing
Paraphrasing
Paraphrasing
What if?
What if?
Reference 2 is the paper that originally had this sentence?
What if?
Reference 2 is the paper that originally had this sentence?
Reference 2 is to several papers, only one of which had this sentence?
Direct copying
Direct copying
What if?
What if?
The copied sentence is in the thesis of someone who was not an author of the paper with the original sentence?
What if?
The copied sentence is in the thesis of someone who was not an author of the paper with the original sentence?
The copied sentence is in the thesis of someone who was an author of the paper with the original sentence?
Direct copying
What if?
What if?
The same person authored both papers?
What if?
The same person authored both papers?
The same person authored both papers and they were in the same journal?
Direct copying
What if?
What if?
The same person authored both papers?
What if?
The same person authored both papers?
The same person authored both papers and they were in the same journal?
What if?
The same person authored both papers?
The same person authored both papers and they were in the same journal?
The citation in this sentence is to the original sentence?
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