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References
1. DIN EN 206-1. Festlegung, Eigenschaften, Herstellung und Konformitat2. DIN 1072. Straßen- und Wegbrucken, Belastungsannahmen (1952)3. DIN 1045. Bestimmungen fur die Ausfuhrung von Bauwerken aus Stahlbeton
- Teil A (1959)4. DIN 1045. Beton- und Stahlbeton: Bemessung und Ausfuhrung (1978)5. DIN V ENV 1992-1-1. EC 2: Planung von Stahlbeton- und Spannbetontragw-
erken, Teil 1-1: Grundlagen und Anwendungsregeln fur den Hochbau, Entwurf(1989)
6. DIN 4030-1. Beurteilung betonangreifender Wasser, Boden und Gase - Grund-lagen und Grenzwerte (1991)
7. EC 3: Design of steel structures. Part 1.9: Fatigue, CEN (1993)8. DIN V ENV 1994-1-1. EC 4: Bemessung und Konstruktion von Verbundtrag-
werken aus Stahl und Beton, Teil 1-1: Allgemeine Bemessungsregeln und An-wendungsregeln fur den Hochbau (1994)
9. EN 1991. Actions on structures - Part 2: Traffic loads on bridges (1995)10. EN ISO 13918. Welding - Studs and ceramic ferrules for arc stud welding (1998)11. EN ISO 14555. Welding - Arc stud welding of metallic materials (1998)12. EN 206-1. Concrete - Part 1: Specification, performance, production and con-
formity (2000)13. DIN 1045-1. Tragwerke aus Beton, Stahlbeton und Spannbeton - Teil 1: Be-
messung und Konstruktion (2001)14. DIN 1045-2. Tragwerke aus Beton, Stahlbeton und Spannbetonn - Teil 2: Beton
- Festlegung, Eigenschaften, Herstellung und Konformitat - Anwendungsregelnzu DIN EN 206-1 (2001)
15. DIN EN 10002-1. Werkstoffe - Zugversuch - Teil 1: Prufverfahren bei Raumtem-peratur (2001)
16. EN 1990. Grundlagen der Tragwerksplanung (2002)17. prEN 12390. Testing hardened concrete - Part 9: Freeze-thaw resistance, Scal-
ing (2002)18. DIN-Fachbericht 104. Verbundbrucken. Beuth-Verlag (2003)19. ENV 1991-5. EC: Thermal actions, part 2-5: Thermal Actions, Steering Panel
Draft (2003)20. Conlife deliverable report 10: Recommendations for application of high-
21. Conlife deliverable report 7: Durability data of field-testing. Technical report,Project Co-Ordinator: Institut fur Bauphysik und Materialwissenschaft (2004)
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Subject Index
3D-p-finite element method 392
abrasion 1, 162abstract multi field problem 372abutment of a bridge 649accumulation 111, 160, 198, 313, 626acid attack 152acidic fluids 152acoustic emissions 169, 204across-wind force 26
damage equivalent factors 69damaging process 139Darcys law 307data windowing 120Debye-Huckel-Onsager theory 298degeneration of a trajectory 118degradation 3, 262, 411, 654
macroscopic, 367process, 131, 182, 623
714 Subject Index
stiffness, 134structural, 180, 359
degraded road bridge 617deionized water 356derivative-based method 552derivative-free strategy 555design
Ficks law 297filtering 119finite difference method 649finite element method 367–369first-order reliability method 531first order kinetic law 305first passage 540