225 References and Bibilography Abdel Haleem, M.A.S. (2004). The Qur’an:a new translation. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Abdullah, A.G.K., Alzaidiyeen, N.J., & Aldarabah, I.T. (2009). Workplace Spiri- tuality and Leadership Effectivenss among Educational Managers in Malaysia. European Journal of Social Sciences, 10(2), 304-316. Adair, J. (2003). Inspiring Leaders: Learning from Great Leaders. (1 st Indian edi- tion). New Delhi: Viva Books. Adhia, H., Nagendra, H.R., & Mahadevan, B. (2010). Impact of adoption of yoga way of life on the emotional intelligence of managers. IIMB Management Re- view (2010), 22, 32-41. Allport, G.W. (1961). Pattern and growth in personality. New York: Holt, Rhi- nehart and Winston. Andersen, J.A. (2006). Leadership, personality, and effectiveness. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 35, 1078-1091. Antonakis, J. (2003). Why "Emotional Intelligence" does not predict leadership effectiveness. The International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 11(4), 353-359. Antonakis, J., Avolio, B.J., & Sivasubramanium, N. (2003). Context, and leader- ship: an examination of the nine-factor full range leadership theory using multi- factor questionnaire. The Leadership Quarterly, 14(3), 261-295. Antonioni, D. (1998). Relationship between the big five personality factors and conflict management styles. International Journal of Conflict Management, 9(4), 336-355. Ardichvili, A., & Kuchinke, K.P. (2002). Leadership styles and cultural values among managers and subordinates: a comparative study of four countries of the former Soviet Union, Germany, and the US. Human Resource Development In- ternational, 5(1), 99-117. Armstrong, T.D. (1995). Exploring spirituality: the development of the Armstrong measure of spirituality . Paper presented at the Annual Convention of the Amer- ican Psychological Association, New York, NY. Arvey, R.D, Rotundo, M., Johnson, W., Zhang, Z., & McGue, M. (2006). The de- termination of leadership role occupancy: Genetic and Personality factors. The Leadership Quarterly, 17, 1-20. Avolio, B.J. (1999). Leadership in organisations (6 th edition).Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
23
Embed
References and Bibilography - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/70235/10/references.pdf · 226 Avolio, B.J., & Bass, B.M. (1991). The full range
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
225
References and Bibilography
Abdel Haleem, M.A.S. (2004). The Qur’an:a new translation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
tuality and Leadership Effectivenss among Educational Managers in Malaysia.
European Journal of Social Sciences, 10(2), 304-316.
Adair, J. (2003). Inspiring Leaders: Learning from Great Leaders. (1st Indian edi-
tion). New Delhi: Viva Books.
Adhia, H., Nagendra, H.R., & Mahadevan, B. (2010). Impact of adoption of yoga
way of life on the emotional intelligence of managers. IIMB Management Re-
view (2010), 22, 32-41.
Allport, G.W. (1961). Pattern and growth in personality. New York: Holt, Rhi-
nehart and Winston.
Andersen, J.A. (2006). Leadership, personality, and effectiveness. The Journal of
Socio-Economics, 35, 1078-1091.
Antonakis, J. (2003). Why "Emotional Intelligence" does not predict leadership effectiveness. The International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 11(4),
353-359.
Antonakis, J., Avolio, B.J., & Sivasubramanium, N. (2003). Context, and leader-ship: an examination of the nine-factor full range leadership theory using multi-
factor questionnaire. The Leadership Quarterly, 14(3), 261-295.
Antonioni, D. (1998). Relationship between the big five personality factors and conflict management styles. International Journal of Conflict Management,
9(4), 336-355.
Ardichvili, A., & Kuchinke, K.P. (2002). Leadership styles and cultural values
among managers and subordinates: a comparative study of four countries of the former Soviet Union, Germany, and the US. Human Resource Development In-
ternational, 5(1), 99-117.
Armstrong, T.D. (1995). Exploring spirituality: the development of the Armstrong measure of spirituality. Paper presented at the Annual Convention of the Amer-
ican Psychological Association, New York, NY.
Arvey, R.D, Rotundo, M., Johnson, W., Zhang, Z., & McGue, M. (2006). The de-termination of leadership role occupancy: Genetic and Personality factors. The
Leadership Quarterly, 17, 1-20.
Avolio, B.J. (1999). Leadership in organisations (6th
edition).Upper Saddle River,
NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
226
Avolio, B.J., & Bass, B.M. (1991).The full range leadership development pro-
grams: basic and advanced manuals. Binghampton, NY: Bass, Avolio and As-
Awamleh, R., & Gardner, W.L. (1999). Perceptions of leader charisma and effec-
tiveness: the effects of vision content, delivery, and organisational effective-
ness. The Leadership Quarterly, 10, 345-373.
Ashton, M.C., Lee, K., & Paunonen, S.V. (1999). What is central feature of extra-version? social attention versus reward sensitivity. Journal of Personality, 83,
245-251.
Babur, Z.M. (2006). Babur Nama-Journal of Emperor Babur. New Delhi: Pen-guin.
Baliga, B.R., & Hunt, J.G. (1988). An organisational life cycle approach to
and managerial applications (3rd edition). New York: Free Press.
Bass, B.M. (1997). Does the transactional-transformational leadership paradigm transcend organizational and national boundaries? American Psychologist,
52(2), 130-139.
227
Bass, B.M. (1999). Two decades of research and development in transformational
leadership. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 8(1), 9-
32.
Bass, B.M., & Avolio, B.J. (1993).Transformational leadership: A response to cri-
tiques. In M.M.Chemers & R. Ayman (Eds.), Leadership theory and research:
perspectives and directions (pp. 49-80). San Diego: Academic Press.
Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1993). Transformational leadership and organiza-
tional culture. Public Administration Quarterly, 17 (1), 112-121.
leadership and the falling dominoes effect. Group and Organisational Studies.
12, 75-87.
Bass, B.M., Avolio, B.J., Jung, D.I., & Berson, Y. (2003). Predicting unit per-
formance by assessing transformational and transactional leadership. Journal of
Applied Psychology, 88, 2, 207-218.
Bennis, W.G. (1959). Leadership theory and administrative behaviour: the prob-
lem of authority. Administrative Science Quarterly, 4, 259-260.
Bennis, W., & Nanus, B. (1997). Leaders: strategies for taking charge (2nd
edi-tion).New York: Harper Row.
Bentz, V. J. (1985). A view from the top: a thirty-year perspective of research de-
voted to discovery, description, and prediction of executive behavior. Paper
presented at the 93rd
annual convention of American Psychological Associa-
tion, Los Angeles.
Bentz, V.J. (1987). Contextual richness as a criterion consideration in personality
research with executives. Paper presented at the 95th
Annual Convention of the
American Psychological Association, New York.
Bentz, V.J. (1990). Contextual issues in predicting high-level leadership perfor-
mance: Contextual richness as a criterion consideration in personality research with executives. In K.E. Clark and M.B.Clark (Eds.), Measures of leadership
(pp. 131-143). West Orange: Leadership Library of America.
Beugre, C.D., Acar,W., & Braun, W. (2006). Transformational leadership in or-
ganizations: an environment-induced model. International Journal of Man-
power, 27(1), 52-62.
228
Beyer, J.M. (1999). Taming and promoting charisma to change organisations. The
Leadership Quarterly, 10 (2), 307-330.
Bhal, K.T., Bharule, D., & Gautam, V. (2003). Leadership style of CEOs: a quali-tative assessment. Psychological Studies, 48(1).
Bhaumik, M. (2005). Code name god: the spiritual odyssey of a man of science
(1st edition). New Delhi: Penguin Books.
Bible, The. Authorised King James Version. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Biswas, S. (2009). HR practices as a mediator between organizational culture and
transformational leadership: implications for employee performance. Psycho-
logical Studies, 54,114-123.
Biswas, S.N., & Biswas, U.N. (2007). Spirituality, religiosity and work motiva-
Bodla, M.A., & Nawaz, M.M. (2010). Comparative study of full range leadership
model among faculty members in public and private sector higher education in-stitutes and universities. International Journal of Business and Management,
5(4), 208-214.
Bono, J. E., & Judge, T. A. (2004). Personality and transformational and transac-
tional leadership: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89 (5), 901-
910.
Bose, P. (2003). Alexander the great’s art of strategy. New Delhi: Penguin.
Botwin, M.D. (1995). Review of revised NEO personality inventory.In
J.C.Conoley & J.C. Impara (Eds.), The twelfth mental measurements yearbook
(pp.862-863). Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
Bowden, A.O. (1926). A study of the personality of student leaders in the United
States. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 21, 149-160.
correlates of leadership development in Canadian forces officer candidates.
Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science, 34, 2, 92-103.
Braud, W. (2009). Dragons, spheres, and flashlights: appropriate research ap-
proaches for studying workplace spirituality. Journal of Management, Spiritu-
ality and Religion, 6(1), 59-75.
Bray, D.W., & Howard, A. (1983). The AT&T longitudinal studies of manag-
ers.In: K.W.Schaie (Ed.), Longitudinal studies of adult psychological develop-
ment (pp. 112-146).
Bray, D.W., Campbell, R.J., and Grant, D.L. (1974). Formative years in business:
a long-term AT&T study of managerial lives. New York: Wiley International.
Brown, F.W., & Moshavi, D.(2005). Transformational leadership and emotional
intelligence: a potential pathway for an increased understanding interpersonal influence. Journal of Organisational Behavior, 26, 867-871.
Brown, M.E. (2000). Personality correlates of leadership behaviors. Dissertation
Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 60 (12-B),
6402, US: Univ. Microfilms International.
Brown, M.E., & Trevino, L.K. (2006). Ethical Leadership: a review and future di-
rections. The Leadership Quarterly 17, 595-616.
Bryman, A. (1993). Charismatic leadership in business organizations: Some neg-
lected issues. The Leadership Quarterly, 4(3-4), 289-304.
Burns, J.M. (1978). Leadership. New York: Harper Row.
Burtt, E.A. (1955). The Teachings of the Compassionate Buddha. New York: Mentor Books.
Byrne, J.C. (2004). The role of emotional intelligence in predicting leadership and
related work behavior. Dissertation Abstract International Section A: Humani-
ties and Social Sciences, 65 (3-A), 1020. US: Univ. Microfilms International.
Caccioppe, R. (2000). Creating spirit at work: re-visioning organisation develop-ment and leadership-part 2. Leadership and Organisation Development Jour-
nal, 21, 2,110-119.
Caeser, J. (1982).The Conquest of Gaul. London: Penguin.
Campbell, D.P. (1991). Campbell Leadership Index Manual. Minneapolis: Na-
tional Computer Systems.
Cantor, N., & Mischel, W. (1979). Prototypes in person perception. In L. Berko-
witz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (pp. 3–52). New York:
sonality questionnaire. Champaign: Institute for Personality and Ability Test-
ing.
Cavanagh, G.F.(1999). Spirituality for managers: context and critique. Journal of
Organizational Change Management, 12, 3, 186-199.
Cavazotte, F., Morena, V., & Hickman, M. (2012).Effects of leader intelligence,
personality and emotional intelligence on transformational leadership and ma-
nagerial performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 23, 443-455.
Chakraborty, S.K. (1987). Managerial effectiveness and quality of work life: In-
dian insights. New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill.
Chakraborty, S.K., & Chakraborty, D. (2008). Spirituality in management: means
or end. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
Chan, K-Y., & Drasgow, F. (2001).Towards a theory of individual differences and
leadership: understanding the motivation to lead. Journal of Applied Psycholo-
gy, 86(3), 481-498.
Chan, K-Y., Rounds, J., & Drasgow, F. (2000). The relation between vocational
interests and the motivation to lead. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 57, 2,
226-245.
Chandler, A.D. (1977). The visible hand: the managerial revolution in Ameri-
ca.Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Charan, R., Drotter, S. & Noel, J. (2001). The leadership pipeline-how to build
the leadership powered company. San Francisco: CA Jossey-Bass.
Chatman, J.A., & Kennedy, J.A. (2010). Psychological Perspectives on Leader-ship. In N.Nohra & R.Khurana (Eds.), Handbook of Leadership Theory and
Practice. Boston, Harvard Business Press.
Chatterjee, A., & Krishnan, V.R. (2007). Impact of spirituality and political skills
on transformational leadership. Great Lakes Herald 1(1), 20-38.
Ciarrochi, J.V., Chan, A.Y.C & Caputi, P. (2000). A critical evaluation of the emotional intelligence construct. Personality and individual differences, 28,
539-561.
Clark, R.S. (2003). Leadership development: Continuous improvement through character assessment. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humani-
ties and Social Sciences, 64(4-A), 2003, 1160. US: Univ. Microfilms Interna-tional.
Cohen, W.A. (2010). Drucker on leadership-new lessons from the father of mod-
ern management.San Francisco:Jossey-Bass.
Colbert, A.E., Judge, T., Choi, D. & Wang, G. (2012). Assessing the trait theory
of leadership using self and observer ratings of personality: The mediating role of contributions to group success. The Leadership Quarterly, 23, 670-685.
231
Conger, J.A. (1998). Qualitative research as the cornerstone methodology for un-
derstanding leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 9(1), 107-121.
Conger, J.A., & Kanungo, R.N. (1987). Towards a behavioural theory of charis-matic leadership in organisational settings. Academy of Management Review,
ford, M.D. (2000). Exploring the relationship of leadership skills and know-
ledge to leader performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 11, 1, 65-86.
Cowley, W.H. (1931). Three distinctions in the study of leaders. Journal of Ab-
normal and Social Psychology, 26, 304-313.
Costa Jr., P.T., & McCrae, R.R. (1988). Personality in adulthood: a six year longi-tudinal study of self-reports and spouse ratings on the NEO Personality Inven-
tory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 853-863.
(NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) Professional Manual.
Odessa, FL: PAR.
Costa Jr., P.T., & McCrae, R.R. (1997). Stability and change in personality as-
sessment: the revised NEO Personality Inventory in the year 2000. Journal of
Personality Assessment, 68(1), 86-94.
Cotterell, A., Lowe, R., & Shaw, I. (2009). Leadership-lessons from the ancient
world-how learning from the past can win you the future.New Delhi: Times Group Books.
Covey, S.M.R. (2006). The speed of trust. New York: Free Press.
D’Alessio, F.A. (2008). The influence of personality domains and working ex-
perience in Peruvian managers’ leadership style: an initial study. Journal of
Centrum Cathedra, 1, 1, 2008, 13-33.
Davis-Blake, A., & Peeffer, J. (1989). Just a mirage: the search for dispositional effects in organizational research. Academy of Management Review, 143, 3,
385-400.
Dean, K.L., Fornaciari, C.J., & McGee, J.J. (2003). Research in spirituality, relig-ion, and work: walking the thin line between relevance and legitimacy. Journal
of Organisational Change Management, 16 (4), 378-395.
Denhardt, J.V., & Campbell, K.B. (2006). The role of democratic values in trans-formational leadership. Administration and Society, 38(5), 556-572.
Dent, E., Higgins, M.E., & Wharff, D.M. (2005). Spirituality and leadership: an
empirical review of definitions, distinctions, and embedded assumptions. The
Leadership Quarterly, 16(5), 625-653.
232
Dhanens, V.C. (2000). The impact of personality and culture on participatory
leader behavior. Dissertation Abstracts International Section B: The Sciences
and Engineering, Vol 60 (12-B), 2000, 6403.
Dickson, M.W., Den Hartog, D.N, & Mitcelson, J.K. (2003). Research on leader-
ship in a cross-cultural context: making progress, and raising new questions.
The Leadership Quarterly, 14 (2003), 729–768.
Digman, J.M. (1989). Five robust trait dimensions: development, stability, and
utility. Journal of Personality, 57, 195-214.
Doyle, D. (1992). Have we looked beyond the physical and psychosocial? Journal
of Pain and Symptom Management, 7, 302-311.
Druksat, V.A. (1994). Gender and leadership style: transformational and transac-tional leadership in the Roman Catholic Church. The Leadership Quarterly,
5(2), 99-119.
Duchon, D. & Plowman, D.A. (2005). Nurturing the spirit at work: impact on work performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 16, 807-833.
Dutton, J.E, & Ashoford, S.J. (1993). Selling top issues to management.Strategic
Management Journal, 18(3), 397-428.
Eden, D. (1992). Leadership and expectations: Pygmalion effects and other self-
fulfilling prophecies in organizations. The Leadership Quarterly, 3(4), 271-305.
Towards a humanistic-phenomenological spirituality: definition, description, and measurement. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 28, 5-18.
Ellison, D.N., Hedstrom, L.J., Leaf, J.A., & Saunders, C. (1988). Towards phe-
nomenological spirituality: definition, description, and measurement. Journal
of Humanistic Psychology, 28(4), 5-18.
Emmons, R.A. (1998). Assessing spirituality through personal goals: implications for research on religion and subjective well-being. Social Indicators Research,
45, 391-422.
Emmons, R.A., Cheung, C., & Tehrani, K. (1998). Assessing spirituality through personal goals: implications for research on religion and subjective well-being.
Social Indicators Research, 45, 391-422.
England, G.W., & Lee, R. (1974).The relationship between managerial values and managerial success in the United States, Japan, India, and Australia. Journal of
Applied Psychology, 59, 201-213.
Englebrecht, A.S., van Aswegen, A.S., & Theron, C.C. (2005). The effect of ethi-
cal values on transformational leadership and ethical climate in organizations.
South African Journal of Business Management, 36(2), 19-26.
233
Eysenck, H.J. (1967). The biological basis of personality. Springfield: Charles C
Thomas.
Eysenck, H.J., & Eysenck, S.G.B. (1975). Manual of Eysenck personality ques-tionnaire. San Diego, Educational and Testing Services.
Fairholm, G.W. (1998). Perspectives on leadership: from the science of leader-
ship to its spiritual heart .Westport, CT:Quorum Books.
Fairly, V. (1999). An empirical analysis of human typology and its relationship to
leadership effectiveness. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Hu-
manities and Social Sciences, 1999, Vol 59(9-A), 3548.
Felfe, J., & Schyns, B. (2006). Personality and the perception of transformational
leadership: the impact of extraversion, neuroticism, personal need for structure, and occupational self-efficacy. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 2006,
36(3), 708-739.
Feist, G.J. (1998). A meta-analysis of personality in scientific and artistic creativi-ty. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 2, 290-309.
Fiedler, F. (1967). A theory of leadership effectiveness.New York: McGraw Hill.
Fleenor, J.W., McCauley, C.D., & Brutus, S. (1996). Self-other rater agreement and leader effectiveness. The Leadership Quarterly, 7(4), 487-506.
Fry, L. W. (2003).Towards a theory of spiritual leadership. The Leadership Quar-
terly, 14(6), 693-727.
Fry, L.W., Hannah, S.T., Noel, M. & Walumbwa, F.O. (2011). Impact of spiritual leadership on unit performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 22, 259-270.
Fuller, J.B., Patterson, C.E.P., Hester, K., & Stringer, D.Y. (1996). A quantitative
review of research on charismatic leadership. Psychological Reports, 78, 271-287.
Fulmer, R.M., Gibbs, P.A., & Goldsmith, M. (2000). Developing leaders: how
leading companies keep on winning. Sloan Management Review, Fall, 49-59.
Gabriel, Y., & Griffiths, D.S. (2002). Emotion, learning and organizing. The
Learning Organization, 9, 214-221.
Gardner, J.F. (1974). Leadership and the cult of personality. London: J.M.Dent &
Sons.
Gardner, W.L., & Avolio, B.J. (1998). The charismatic relationship: a dramatur-
gical perspective. Academy of Management Review, 23, 32-58.
234
Geh, E., & Tan, G. (2009). Spirituality at work in a changing world: managerial
and research implications .Journal of Management, Spirituality and Religion,
6(4), 287-300.
George, D., & Mallery, P. (2003). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide
and reference-11.0 update (4th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Gewertz, B.L. (2006).Emotional Intelligence-Impact on leadership capabilities.
Archives of Surgery, 141, 812-814.
Gibb, C.A. (1947). The principles and traits of leadership. Journal of Abnormal
and Social Psychology, 42, 267-284.
Gibbons, P.T. (1992). Impact of organizational evolution leadership roles and be-
haviors. Human Relations, 45, 1-18.
Gilkey, R., & Kilts, C. (2007). Cognitive Fitness. Harvard Business Review South
Asia, November 2007, 30-37.
Ginnet, R.C. (1996). Team effectiveness leadership model: identifying leverage
points for change. Proceedings of the 1996 National Leadership Institute Con-
ference .College Park, MD, National Leadership Institute.
Goffin, R.D., & Anderson, D.W. (2007). The self-rater’s personality and self-other disagreement in multi-source performance ratings-is disagreement
healthy? Journal of Management Psychology, 22, 3, 271-289.
Goldberg, J.E. (2004).The role of unconscious factors in small group leadership emergence: bridging experimental and psychodynamic theories of leadership.
Goldberg, L.R. (1990). An alternative description of personality: the big-five fac-
tor structure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 1216-1229.
Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional intelligence. New York, NY: Bantam Books.
Goleman, D. (2004). What makes a Leader? Harvard Business Review, Jan 2004
(republication of HBR 1998 article).
Goleman, D., & Boyatzis, R., & Mckee, A. (2001). Primal leadership: the hidden driver of great performance. Harvard Business Review, Special issue December
2001, 42-51.
Graziano, W.G., & Eisenberg,, N.H. (1997). Agreeableness: A dimension of per-
sonality. In R.Hogan, J.Johnson, & S.Briggs (Eds.), Handbook of personality
psychology (pp.795-824). San Diego: Academic Press.
personal conflict and relating to it: the case for agreeableness. Journal of Per-
sonality and Social Pschology, 70, 820-835.
235
Hage, J. (1965). An axiomatic theory of organizations. Administrative Science
Quarterly, 10, 289-320.
Hall, T.W & Edwards, K.J.(1996). The initial development and factor analysis of the Spiritual Assessment Inventory. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 24,
233-246.
Harms, P.D., & Crede, M.(2010).Emotional intelligence and transformational and
transactional leadership-a meta analysis. Journal of Leadership & Organiza-
tional Studies, 17, 1, 5-17.
Harms, P.D., Spain, S.M., & Hannah, S.T. (2011). Leader development and the
dark side of personality. The Leadership Quarterly, 22, 495-509.
Hartman, L. (1999). A psychological analysis of leadership effectiveness. Strategy
P.W. (1999).Culture specific and cross culturally generalizable implicit leader-ship theories: are attributes of charismatic/transformational leadership univer-
sally endorsed ? The Leadership Quarterly, 10(2), 219-256.
Hawley, J (1993). Reawakening the spirit in work: the power of dharmic man-
agement. (1st Indian reprint). New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill
Hayes,A.F.(2011).http://www.afhayes.com/spss-sas-and-mplus-macros-and-code.html. Retrieved on 1 December, 2011.
Heaton, D.P., Schmidt-Wilk, J., & Travis, F. (2004). Constructs, methods and
measures of researching spirituality in organizations. Journal of Organisa-
tional Change Management, 17(1), 62-82.
Heisengberg, W. (1963). Physics and philosophy. London:Allen & Unwin.
Hesselblain, F., & Goldsmith, M., & Beckard. (1996).The leader of the future.San
Francisco: Jossey Bass.
Hofstede, G. (1984). Culture’s consequences: international differences in work-
related values.Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Hofstede, G. (1993).Cultural constraints in management theories. The Academy of
Management Executive, 7(1), 81–94.
Hogan, R.T., Curphy, G.J., & Hogan, J. (1994). What do we know about personal-
ity: leadership and effectiveness? American Psychologist 49, 1994, 493-504.
House, R.J.(1977). A 1976 theory of charismatic leadership. In J.G. Hunt & L.L.
Pearson (Eds.), Leadership: the cutting edge (pp. 189-207). Carbondale:
Southern University Press.
House, R.J. (1999). Cultural influences in leadership and organisations: Project
GLOBE, Advances in Global Leadership, Vol.1 (pp.171-233). Greenwich ,CT: JAI Press Inc.
236
House R.J. & Aditya, R. (1997). The social scientific study of leadership: quo va-
dis? Journal of Management, 23, 409-474.
House, R.J., and Baetz, M.L. (1979). Leadership: Some empirical generalizations and new research directions.(pp. 341-423). In B. Staw (Ed.). Research in orga-
nizational behavior, Vol. 1. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
House, R.J., & Howell, J.M.(1992). Personality and charismatic leadership. The
Leadership Quarterly, 3(2), 81-108.
House, R.J, Shane, S.A., & Herold, D. M. (1996). Rumors of the death of disposi-
tional research are vastly exaggerated. Academy of Management-The Academy
of Management Review, 21,1,203-229.
House, R.J, Spangler, W.D., & Woycke, J. (1991). Personality and charisma in the U.S. Presidency: a psychological theory of leader effectiveness. Administrative
Science Quarterly, 36,364-396.
Howard, A., & Bray, D.W. (1990). Predictions of managerial success over long periods: lessons for the management progress study. In K.E.Clark and
M.B.Clark (Eds.), Measures of leadership (pp. 113-130). West Orange, N.J;
Leadership Library of America.
Howell, J. M. (1988). The two faces of charisma: socialized and personalized lea-
dership in organizations. In J. Conger & R. Kanungo (Eds.), Charismatic lea-
dership: the illusive factor in organizational effectiveness (pp. 213–236). San
Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Howell, J.M., & Avolio, B.J.(1992). The ethics of charismatic leadership: Sub-
mission or liberation? Academy of Management Executive,6(2), 43-54.
Huck, S.W. (2012). Reading Statistics and Research (p80). Boston, MA: Pearson Education Inc.
Hunt, J.G. (1999). Transformational/charismatic leadership’s transformation of
the field: a historical essay.The Leadership Quarterly, 10(2), 129-144.
Huy, Q.N. (2001). In praise of middle managers. Harvard Business Review, 79(8), 72-79.
Jeffrey, T. L. (1999). Personality and motivational predictors of military leader-
ship assessment in the United States Army Reserve Officer Training Corps.
Dissertation Abstracts International Section B: The Sciences and Engineering.
1999, Vol 60 (6-B), 3022.
237
Jenkins, W.O. (1947). A review of leadership studies with particular reference to
military problems. Psychological Bulletin, 44, 54-79.
Jitatmananda, S. (1986). Modern physics and vedanta.(1st edition).Bombay:
Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.
Jitatmananda, S. (1991). Holistic science and vedanta. (1st edition). Bombay:
Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.
John, O.P., & Srivastava, S. (1999).The big trait taxonomy: history, measurement,
and theoretical perspectives. In E. Pervin & O. John (Eds.), Handbook of Per-
sonality (pp. 102-138). New York: Guilford Press.
Judge, T.A. & Bono, J.E. (2000). Five-factor model of personality and transfor-
mational leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85 (5), 751-765.
Judge, T.A., & Piccoloo, R.F. (2004).Transformational and transactional leader-ship: a meta analytic test of their relative validity. Journal of Applied Psychol-
ogy, 89(5), 755-768.
Judge, T.A , Bono, J.E, Ilies, R., & Gerhardt, M.W.( 2002). Personality and lead-
ership: A qualitative and quantitative review. Journal of Applied Psychol-
ogy,87(4), 765-780.
Judge, T.A., Erez, A., Bono,J.E., & Thoresen,C. (2002). Discriminant and incre-
mental validity of four personality traits: are measures of self-esteem, neuroti-cism, locus of control, and generalised self-efficacy indicators of a common
core construct? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 693-710.
Jung, D. I., & Avolio, B. J. (1999). Effects of leadership style and followers’ cul-tural orientation on performance in group and individual task conditions. Acad-
emy of Management Journal, 42(2), 208–218.
Jung, D.T., Chow, C., & Wu, A. (2003). The role of transformational leadership in
enhancing organisational innovation: hypotheses and some preliminary find-
ings. The Leadership Quarterly, 14(4-5), 525-544.
Kachik, C.J. (2004). The five-factor model and Holland's theory:community col-
lege and corporate leaders (John Holland). Dissertation Abstracts International
Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. Vol.65(1-A) 2004, 35. US: Univ.
Microfilms International.
Kanungo, R.N., & Mendonca, M. (1996). Ethical dimensions in leadership. Be-verley Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
Kalma, A.P., Visser, L., & Peeters, A. (1993). Sociable and aggressive domin-
ance: personality differences in leadership style? The Leadership Quality, 4(3),
45-64.
Kass, J.D., Friedman, R., Leserman, J., Zuttermeister, P.C., & Benson, H. (1991).
Health outcomes and a new index of spiritual experience. Journal of the Scien-
tific Study of Religion, 30 (2), 203-211.
238
Katz, D., & Kahn, R.L. (1960). Leadership practices in relation to productivity
and morale.In D.Cartwright & Z.Zander (Eds.), Group Dynamics (pp. 554-
570). Evanston, IL: Harper and Row.
Kellett, J.B., Humphrey, R.H., & Sleeth, R.G. (2006). Empathy and the emer-
gence of task and relations leaders. The Leadership Quarterly, 17, 146-162.
Khan, M.M., Ramzan, M., Ahmed, I., & Nawaz, M.M. (2011). Transformational,
transactional, and laissez-faire styles of teaching faculty as predictors of satis-
faction, and extra effort among students: evidence from higher education insti-
tuitions. Interdisciplinary Journal of Research in Business, 1, 4, 2011, 130-
135.
Kickul, J., & Neuman, G. (2000). Emergent leadership behaviors: the function of
personality and cognitive ability in determining and team work performances
and knowledge, skills and attitudes. Journal of Business and Psychology, 15, 1,
27-51.
Kirkpatrick, S.A., & Locke, E.A.(1991). Leadership: do traits matter? Academy of
Management Executive, 5, 48-60.
Knoblauch, D.L., & Falconer, J.A. (1986). The relationship of a measured taoist
orientation to western personality dimensions. Journal of Transpersonal Psy-
chology, 18(1), 73-83.
Kohs, S.C., & Irle, K.W. (1920). Prophesizing army promotion. Journal of Ap-
plied Psychology, 4, 73-87.
Kornor, H., & Nordvik, H. (2004). Personality traits in leadership behavior. Scan-
dinavian Journal of Psychology, 45, 1, 49-54.
Kotter, J.P. (1988). The leadership factor. New York: Free Press.
Krishnakumar, S., & Neck, C.P. (2002). The what, why and how of spirituality in
the workplace. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 17(3), 153-164.
Krishaswamy, K.N., Sivakumar, A.I., & Mathirajan, N. (2006). Management re-
search methodology-integration of principles, methods and techniques. New
Delhi: Pearson Education.
Kwong, J.Y.Y., & Cheung, F.M. (2003). Prediction of performance facets using specific personality traits in the Chinese context. Journal of Vocational Beha-
vior, 63, 1, 99-110.
Lewin, K., Lippit, R., & White, R.K. (1939). Patterns of aggressive behaviour in experimentally created social climates. Journal of Social Psychology, 10
(1939), 271-299.
Lindley, L.D., & Borgen, F.H. (2000). Personal style scales of Strong Interest In-
ventory: linking personality and interests. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 57,
1, 22-41.
239
Llies, R, Gerhard, M.W., & Le, H. (2004). Individual differences in leadership
emergence: integrating meta-analytic findings and behavioral genetics esti-
mates. International Journal of Selection and Assessment 12, 3, 207-219.
Lohrmeyer, R.L. (2001). The relationships between personality types and leader-
ship styles of Idaho certified professional-technical educators. Dissertation Ab-
stracts International, Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences, 2001, Vol 61
(11-A), 4356.
Lord, R.G., DeVader, C.L., & Alliger, G.M. (1986). A meta-analysis of the rela-
tion between personality traits and leadership perceptions: an application of
generalizations procedures. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 402-410.
Lowe, K.B., Kroeck, K.G., & Sivasubramanium, N. (1996). Effectiveness corre-
lates of transformational and transactional leadership: a meta analytic review of
MLQ literature. The Leadership Quarterly, 7(3), 385-425.
Luthans, F. (2008). Organisational behavior (11th edition). New York: McGraw
Hill.
Lyons, J.B., & Schneider, T.R. (2009). The effects of leadership styles on stress
outcomes. The Leadership Quarterly, 20 (2009) 737-748.
Maccoly, M. (2004). Narcissistic leaders-the incredible pros, the inevitable cons.
Harvard Business Review, Jan 2004, 92-101.
MacDonald, D.A. (2000).Spirituality: description, measurement and relation to
five factor model of personality. Journal of Personality, 68,153-197.
Maharishi Mahesh Yogi. (1967). The Bhagavad-Gita: a new translation and
commentary on chapters 1-6. London: Penguin Books.
Mandell, B., & Pherwani, S. (2003). Relationship between emotional intelliegence
and transformational leadership: a gender comparision. Journal of Business
Psychology, 17, 3, 387-404.
Manikutty, S., & Singh, S.P. (2010). Essence of leadership-explorations from lit-
erature.NewDelhi: Macmillan Publishers.
Mann, R.D. (1959). A review of the relationship between personality and perfor-mance in small groups. Psychological Bulletin, 56, 241-270.
Mardia, K.V. (1996). The scientific foundations of Jainism (2nd revised edition).
New Delhi: Motilal Banarasidass.
McClelland, D.C. (1975). Power: the inner experience. New York: Irvington.
McClelland D.C., & Burnham, D.H. (2003) Power is the great motivator. Harvard
Business Review, Jan 2003 (republication of HBR 1976 article).
240
McCormick, D W. (1994). Spirituality and management. Journal of Managerial
Psychology, 9, 6, 5-9.
McCormack, L., & Mellor, D. (2002). The role of personality in leadership: an application of the five-factor model in the Australian Military. Military Psy-
chology, 14, 3, 179-199.
McCrae, R.R. (1994). Openness to experience: expanding the boundaries of factor
V.European Journal of Personality, 8,251-272.
McCrae, R.R. (1996). Social consequences of experiential openness. Psychologi-
cal Bulletin, 120, 323-337.
McCrae, R.R, & Costa Jr., P.T. (1989). Rotation to maximize the construct
validity of factors in the NEO Personality Inventory.Multivariate Behavioral
Research 24,107-124.
McCrae, R. R., & Costa Jr., P. T. (1992). Discriminant validity of NEO PI-R facet
scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 52, 229-237.
McCrae, R.R, & Costa Jr., P.T. (1997). Conceptions and correlates of openness to
experience. In R.Hogan, J.A. Johnson & S.R. Briggs (Eds.), Handbook of per-
sonality psychology (pp.825-847). San Diego: Academic Press.
McCrae, R.R., & John, O.P. (1992). An introduction to the five factor model and
its applications. Journal of Personality, 60(2), 175-215.
McCulloch, A.S. (2006). Spirituality in business: an exploration into three exem-
plar for-profit organisations using qualitative and quatitative meas-
ures.Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Palo Alto, CA: Institute of Transper-sonal Psychology.
Mehra, P., & Krishnan, V.R. (2003). Impact of svadharma-orientation on trans-
formational leadership and followers’ trust in the leader. Journal of Indian
Psychology, 23(1), 2005, 1-11.
Menon, A. & Krishnan, V.R. (2004).Transformational leadership and follower’s karma yoga: role of follower’s gender. Journal of Indian Psychology, 22(2),
50-62.
Merton, R.K. (1957). Social theory and social structure. New York: Free Press.
Mills, L.B.(2009). A meta-analysis of the relationship between emotional intelli-gence and leadership effectiveness. Journal of Curriculum and Instruction, 3,
2, 22-38.
Mintzberg, H. (2009). Managing. Harlow: Pearson Publishing.
Mitroff, I.I., & Denton, E.A.(1999). A spiritual audit of corporate America: A
hard look at spirituality, religion, and values in the workplace. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
241
Mookerji, R.K. (1970). Men and thought in ancient India (3rd edition). New Delhi:
Motilal Banarasidass.
Morgan, C.T., King, R.A., Weisz, J.R., & Schopler, J. (1986). Introduction to psychology (7th edition). New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill.
Motowidlo, S.J., & van Scotter, J.R. (1994). Evidence that task performance
should be distinguished from contextual performance. Journal of Applied Psy-
Leadership skills for a changing world. The Leadership Quarterly, 11(1), 11-
35.
Munaf, S.(2011).Relationship of transformational , transactional and passive-avoidant management style with achievement motivation of teaching faculties
of selected educational institutions of Pakistan. International Proceedings of
Economic Development and Research, 3, 2011, 93-96.
Murensky, C.L. (2000). The relationships between emotional intelligence, perso-
nality, critical thinking ability, and organizational leadership performance at
upper levels of management. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B:
The Sciences & Engineering Vol 61 (2-B), 1121.
Najar, M.J. (2000). Personality and power: interacting to enhance leadership ef-
fectiveness. Dissertation Abstracts International Section B:The Sciences and
Engineering,2000, Vol 60 (9-B), 4965.
Narayana, G. (2000). Transformation to transcendence: breakthrough ideas for
leadership in the new millennium.Ahmedabad: Ahmedabad Management As-sociation.
Narayanan, J., & Krishnan,V.R. (2003) . Impact of Sattva and Rajas Gunas on
Transformational Leadership and Karma Yoga. Journal of Indian Psychology,
21(2),1-11.
Neck, C. P., & Milliman, J. F. (1994). Thought self-leadership: Finding spiritual
fulfillment in organizational life. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 9, 6, 9-
17.
Nohria, N., & Khurana, R. (2010). Handbook of leadership theory and practice. Boston: HBS Publishing.
Northouse, P.G. (1997). Leadership: theory and practice. London, New Delhi:
Sage Publications
Northouse, P.G. (2007). Leadership: Theory and practice. New Delhi: Sage Pub-
lications.
O'Collins, G., & Farrungia, E.G. (1991). A concise dictionary of theology. New
York: Paulist Press.
242
Olsen, O. K., Eid, J., & Johnsen, B.H. (2006). Moral behavior and transformation-
al leadership in Norwgian naval cadets. Military Psychology, 18(supplement),
S37-S56.
Ozer, D.J., & Benet-Martinez,V.B. (2006). Personality and the prediction of con-
sequential outcomes. Annual Review of Psychology 57,401-421.
Pagonis, W.G. (2001). Leadership in combat zone. Harvard Business Review,
Special issue December 2001, 107-116.
Paragament, K.I. (1990). God help me: religious coping efforts as predictors of
outcomes to significant negative life events. American Journal of Community
Psychology, 18, 793-824.
Pargament, K.I.(1997). The psychology of religion and coping. New York: Guil-ford Press.
Paunonen, S.V., & Ashton, M.C. (2001). Big five factors and facets and the pre-
diction of behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 3, 524-539.
Pawar, B.S., & Eastman, K.K. (1997). The nature and implications of contextual
influences on transformational leadership: a conceptual examination. Academy
of Management Review 22(1), 80-109.
Peterson, R.S., Smith, D.B., Martorana, P.V., & Owens, P.D. (2003). The impact of Chief Executive Officer personality on top management team dynamics: one
mechanism by which leadership affects organizational performance. Journal of
Applied Psychology, 88, 5, 795-808.
Phillips, J. S., & Lord, R. G. (1981). Causal attributions and perceptions of leader-
ship.Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 28, 58-83.
Piedmont, R.L (1999). Does spirituality represent the sixth factor of personality?
spiritual transcendence and the five factor model. Journal of Personality,
67(6), 985-1013.
Peidmont, R.L. (2001). Spiritual transcendence and the scientific study of spiritu-
ality.Journal of Rehabilitation, 67, 4-14.
Peidmont, R.L. (2004).Spiritual transcendence as a predictor of psychosocial out-come from an outpatient substance abuse program. Psychology of Addictive
Behaviours, 18, 3, 213-222.
Peidmont, R.L., & Leach, M.M. (2002). Cross-cultural generalizabilty of the spiri-tual transcendence scale in India: spirituality as a universal aspect of human
experience. American Behavioral Scientist, 45(12), 1888-1901.
Peidmont, R.L. (2010). ASPIRES- Assessment of Spirituality and Religious Senti-
ments -Technical Manual (2nd
Edn.). Timonium,MD.Published by author.
Podsakoff, P.M., MacKenzie, S.B., Moorman, R.H., & Fetter, R. (1990). Trans-formational leaders’ behaviors and their effect on follower’s trust in leader, sa-
243
tisfaction, and organizational citizenship behavior. The Leadership Quarterly,
1(2), 107-142.
Prati, L.M., Douglas, C., Ferris G.R., Ammeter, A.P., & Buckly, M.R. (2003).The role of emotional intelligence in team leadership: reply to the critique by Anto-
nakis. The International Journal of Organizational Analysis,11,4, 363-369.
Pruzan, P., & Mikkelsen, K.P.(2007). Leading with wisdom: spiritual-based lead-
ership in business (1st edition). New Delhi: Sage Publications.
Radhakrishnan, S. (1958). The Bhagavadgita. London: George Allen and Unwin.
Reave, L. (2005). Spiritual values and practices related to leadership effective-ness. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(2005), 655-687.
Reed, P.G. (1987). Spirituality and well-being in terminally ill and hospitalized
adults. Research in Nursing and Health, 10, 335-344.
Roach, C.F., & Behling, O. (1984). Functionalism: basis for an alternate approach to the study of leadership. In J.G.Hunt & D.M Hosking (Eds.), Leaders and
managers: international perspectives on managerial behavior and leadership.
New York, Pergamon Press.
Roebuck, V.J. (2000). The Upanishads (1st edition). New Delhi: Penguin Books.
Rosch, E. (1978). Principles of categorization. In E. Rosch & B. B. Lloyd (Eds.), Cognition and categorization (pp. 27–48). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Ross, S.M., & Offerman, L.R. (1991). Transformational leader: measurement of
personality attributes and work group performance. Paper presented at the sixth annual conference of the Society for Industrial and Organisational Psy-
chology, St. Louis.
Rotter, J. (1966). Generalised expectancies for internal versus external control of
Rubin, R.S., Bartels, L.K., & Bommer, W.H. (2002). Are Leaders smarter or do they just seem that way? exploring perceived intellectual competence and lea-
dership emergence. Social Behavior and Personality, 30, 2, 105-118.
Rubin, R.S., Munz, D.C., & Bommer, W.H. (2005).Leading from within: the ef-fects of the emotion recognition and personality on transformational leadership.
Academy of Management Journal, 48(5) 845-858.
Sanchez, S.A. (2004). The relationship among motivation to lead, cognitive abili-
ty, and personality. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities
and Social Sciences. Vol 64(7-A) 2004, 2566. US: Univ. Microfilms Interna-
tional.
Sashkin, M. (1988). The visionary leader. In J.A. Conger & R.N.Kanungo(Eds.), Charismatic leadership (pp.122-160). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Sattar, A. (1996). The Ramayana of Valmiki. New Delhi, Viking.
244
Shafranske, E.P., & Gorusch, R.L. Factors associated with the perception of spiri-
tuality in psychotherapy. Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 16, 231-241.
Shamir, B., Arthur, M.B., & House, R.J. (1993).The motivational effects of char-ismatic leadership: a self-concept based theory. Organisation Science, 4, 577-
594.
Shamir, B., Arthur, M.B., & House, R.J.( 1994). The rhetoric of charismatic lead-
ership: a theoretical extension, case study and implications for research. The
Leadership Quarterly, 5(1),24-42.
Sharma, G.D. (2008). Excellence in management. New Delhi: Rupa
Shao, L., & Webber, S. (2006). A cross cultural test of the five factor model of
personality and transformational leadership. Journal of Business Research, 59,
936-944.
Silverthorne, C. (2001). Leadership effectiveness and personality: a cross cultural
evaluation. Personality and Individual Differences, 30, 2, 303-309.
Simons, T.L. (1999). Behavioral integrity as a critical ingredient for transforma-
tional leadership. Journal of Organisational Change Management,12(2),89-
104.
Simonton, D.K. (1994).Greatness:Who makes history and why. New York: Guil-
ford.
Singer, M.S., & Singer, A.E. (1990). Situational constraints on transformational versus transactional leadership behaviour, subordinates’ leadership preference
and satisfaction. Journal of Social Psychology, 130, 385-396.
Singh, P & Bhandarkar, A. (1990/2004). Corporate success and transformational
oping and validating a new scale using grounded theory approach. Interna-
tional Journal of Cross-Cultural Management, 7(2), 219-236.
Singh, N., & Krishnan, V.R. (2008). Self-sacrifice and transformational leader-ship: mediating role of altruism. Leadership and Organization Development
Journal 29(3), 261-274.
Smith, W.M.(2004). A comparative analysis of selected pastors' personality pro-files and their conflict management styles. DissertationAbstracts International
Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. Vol 65(2-A) 2004, 554. US: Univ. Microfilms International.
Smith, M.A., & Conger, J. M. (2004). Effects of supervisor big - five personality
on subordinate attitudes. Journal of Business and Psychology, 18, 4, 465-481.
Soroglou, V., & Munoz-Garcia, A. (2008). Individual differences in religion and
spirituality: An issue of personality traits and/or values. Journal for the Scien-
tific Study of Religion, 47(1), 83-101.
245
Sosik, J.J., & Jung, D.I. (2010). Full range leadership development-pathways for
people, profit and planet. New York, NY: Routledge.
Sosik, J.J., Godshalk, V.M., & Yamamarino, F.J. (2004). Transformational leader-ship, learning goal orientation, and expectations for career success in mentor-
protégé relationships : a multiple level of analysis perspective. The Leadership
Quarterly, 15(2), 241-261.
Sosik, J.J., Kahai, S.S., & Avolio, B.J.(1998).Transformational leadership and di-
mensions of creativity : Motivating idea generation in computer mediated
groups. Creativity Research Journal, 11,111-121.
Sparks, C-P. (1990). Testing for management potential. In K.E. Clark and M.B.
Clark (Eds.), Measures of leadership. West Orange, NJ: Library of America
Spencer, S.M, Rajah,T., Narayan,S.A., Mohan,S., & Lahiri,G. (2007). The Indian
CEO-Portait of excellence.New Delhi: Response Books.
Stanczak, G.C., and Miller, D.E. (2002).Engaged spirituality: spiritual and social
transformation in mainstream American traditions; Report Supplement. Los
Angeles: The University of Southern California Centre for Religion and Civic
Culture.
Stewart, M-L. (2001). Personality predictors of emergent leadership. Dissertation
Abstracts International Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 2001, Vol 62
(4-B), 2045.
Stodgill, R.M. (1948). Personal factors associated with leadership: a survey of
leadership. Journal of Psychology 25, 35-71.
Stodgill, R.M. (1963).Manual for the Leadership Behavior Description Question-
naire-Form XII.Columbus,OH :Bureau of Business Research,Ohio State Uni-
versity.
Stodgill, R.M. (1974). Handbook of leadership: a survey of theory and research.
New York: Free Press.
Strang, S.E., & Kuhnert, K.W. (2009). Personality and leadership developmental levels as predictors of leader performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 20, 421-
433.
Tejeda, T.J., Scandura, T.A., & Pillai, R. (2001). The MLQ revisited: psychome-tric properties and recommendations. The Leadership Quarterly, 12(1), 31-52.
Terman, L.M. (1904). A preliminary study in the psychology and pedagogy of
leadership. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 11, 413-451.
Personality Similarity in Twins Reared Apart and Together. Journal of Perso-
nality and Social Psychology, 54, 6, 1031-1039.
246
Tichy, N., & Devanna, M. (1986). Transformational leadership. New York: Wi-
ley.
Tierney, P., Farmer,S.M., & Graen.G.B. (1999). An examination of leadership and employee creativity: the relevance of traits and relationships. Personal Psy-
formational leadership and moral reasoning. Journal of Applied Psychology,
87(2), 304-311.
Uyterhoeven, H. (1972).General Managers in the middle. Harvard Business Re-
view, 67(5), 136-145.
Vaughan, F (1991). Spiritual issues in psychotherapy. Journal of Transpersonal
Psychology, 23, 105-119.
Villa, J.R., Howell, J.P., Dorfman, P.W., & Daniel, D.L. (2003). Problems with detecting moderators in leadership research using multiple moderated regres-
sion. The Leadership Quarterly, 14,3-23.
Watson, D., & Clarke, L.A. (1997). Extraversion and its positive emotional core.In R.Hogan, J.A.Johnson, & S.R.Briggs (Eds.), Handbook of personality
psychology .San Diego : Academic Press.
Welch, M.R., & Barrish, J. (1982). Bringing religious motivation back in: a multi-variate analysis of motivational predictors of student religiosity. Review of Re-
ligious Research, 23, 357-369.
Whitmore, J. (2002). Coaching for performance: growing people, performance,
and purpose. London: Nicholas Brealey Publishing.
Wiggins, J.S. (1996). The five-factor model of personality: theoretical perspec-
tives New York: Guilford Press.
Wikipedia. (2008). Article on personality psychology.Retrieved on 12 Dec. 08
from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personality_psychology
Wikipedia. (2012). Article on Spirit. Retrieved on 2 October 2012 from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/spirit
Wrzesviewski, A., McCauley, C., Rozin, P., & Schwartz, B. (1997). Jobs, careers
and callings: peoples relations to their work. Journal of Research in Personali-